1
|
Manzor Mitrzyk B, Plegue MA, Kadri R, Danak SU, Hubbard JD, Kaip EA, Roberson DN, Ellingrod VL, Farris KB, Ruffin MT, Klinkman MS, Buis LR. Pharmacogenomic testing for mental health (Part I): documenting early adopter perceptions of use for eight scenarios. Per Med 2021; 18:223-232. [PMID: 33728966 DOI: 10.2217/pme-2020-0083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Aim: We sought to understand how early adopters used pharmacogenomic (PGx) testing for treating depression and attention deficient hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Patients & methods: We conducted a phone survey with prescribers who had previously ordered an Informed PGx (Progenity, Inc., MI, USA) test. Results: We identified 1037 prescribers in our sampling period. Respondents (n = 64) were predominantly female (61.5%) and in pediatrics (n = 42; 64.6%). PGx testing was used for multiple scenarios (mean 3.3 ± 1.6); the most common was after no response to medication was observed (80%; 51/64). Most respondents state that test results typically reveal an altered metabolizer status. Conclusion: PGx test results ordered by early adopters often reveal altered metabolizers which leads them to change the depression/ADHD medication regimen. Future work should evaluate the clinical utility of PGx testing for depression/ADHD treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Melissa A Plegue
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48104, USA
| | - Reema Kadri
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48104, USA
| | - Shivang U Danak
- Department of Internal Medicine, Northeast Georgia Health System, Gainesville, GA 30501, USA
| | - Joseph D Hubbard
- College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Emily A Kaip
- College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Dana N Roberson
- College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Vicki L Ellingrod
- College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Karen B Farris
- College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Mack T Ruffin
- Department of Family & Community Medicine, Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Penn State Health, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Michael S Klinkman
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48104, USA
| | - Lorraine R Buis
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48104, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Manzor Mitrzyk B, Plegue MA, Kadri R, Danak SU, Hubbard JD, Kaip EA, Roberson DN, Roy S, Guetterman TC, Ellingrod VL, Farris KB, Ruffin Iv MT, Klinkman MS, Buis LR. Pharmacogenomic testing for mental health (Part II): qualitative analysis of early adopter prescriber perceptions. Per Med 2021; 18:233-240. [PMID: 33728996 DOI: 10.2217/pme-2020-0084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Aim: We sought to explore how early adopters use pharmacogenomic (PGx) testing for treating depression and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Patients & methods: Prescribers of the Informed PGx (Progenity, Inc., Ann Arbor, MI 48108, USA) test completed a phone survey assessing use of PGx testing for different scenarios. We conducted a qualitative thematic text analysis of transcribed audio recordings of open-ended responses (n = 62). Results: PGx testing was used when treating multiple comorbidities or resistant disease, and to ease patients' concerns with future therapy. Use of PGx testing is influenced by insurance coverage, interpretability of results and results turnaround time. Conclusion: Prescribers used PGx tests to modify medications for complex patients with depression, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and other disorders to alleviate concerns related to adverse effects and lack of effectiveness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Melissa A Plegue
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48104, USA
| | - Reema Kadri
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48104, USA
| | - Shivang U Danak
- Department of Family & Community Medicine, Penn State Health, Milton S Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Joseph D Hubbard
- College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Emily A Kaip
- College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Dana N Roberson
- College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Souvik Roy
- School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | | | - Vicki L Ellingrod
- College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Karen B Farris
- College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Mack T Ruffin Iv
- Department of Family & Community Medicine, Penn State Health, Milton S Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Michael S Klinkman
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48104, USA
| | - Lorraine R Buis
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48104, USA
| |
Collapse
|