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Bao ZJ, Yang HY, Dong BX, Chang F, Li CD, Jiang Y, Chen LY, Shu SL, Jiang QC, Qiu F. Development Trend in Composition Optimization, Microstructure Manipulation, and Strengthening Methods of Die Steels under Lightweight and Integrated Die Casting. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:6235. [PMID: 37763513 PMCID: PMC10532891 DOI: 10.3390/ma16186235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
In the general environment of lightweight automobiles, the integrated die-casting technology proposed by Tesla has become the general mode to better achieve weight reduction in automobiles. The die-casting mold required by integrated die-casting technology has the characteristics of large scale and complexity. Hence, higher requirements are put forward for the comprehensive performance of the die steel. Despite the stagnation in the progress of conventional strengthening methods, enhancing the performance of die steel has become increasingly challenging. Indeed, it necessitates exploring novel die steel and optimizing heat treatment and reinforcement technologies. This article summarizes and analyzes the development status of die steel and corresponding heat treatment and microstructure manipulation as well as strengthening methods and elaborates on an excellent nano-strengthening technology. Furthermore, this review will aid researchers in establishing a comprehensive understanding of the development status of die steel and the processes utilized for its strengthening. It will also assist them in developing die steel with improved comprehensive performance to meet the high demand for mold steel in the integrated die-casting technology of the new era.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze-Ju Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control, Jilin University, Changchun 130025, China; (Z.-J.B.); (B.-X.D.); (F.C.); (C.-D.L.); (Y.J.); (Q.-C.J.)
| | - Hong-Yu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control, Jilin University, Changchun 130025, China; (Z.-J.B.); (B.-X.D.); (F.C.); (C.-D.L.); (Y.J.); (Q.-C.J.)
- Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials, Ministry of Education and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Renmin Street No. 5988, Changchun 130025, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, China;
| | - Bai-Xin Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control, Jilin University, Changchun 130025, China; (Z.-J.B.); (B.-X.D.); (F.C.); (C.-D.L.); (Y.J.); (Q.-C.J.)
| | - Fang Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control, Jilin University, Changchun 130025, China; (Z.-J.B.); (B.-X.D.); (F.C.); (C.-D.L.); (Y.J.); (Q.-C.J.)
- Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials, Ministry of Education and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Renmin Street No. 5988, Changchun 130025, China
| | - Chuan-De Li
- State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control, Jilin University, Changchun 130025, China; (Z.-J.B.); (B.-X.D.); (F.C.); (C.-D.L.); (Y.J.); (Q.-C.J.)
- Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials, Ministry of Education and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Renmin Street No. 5988, Changchun 130025, China
| | - Ying Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control, Jilin University, Changchun 130025, China; (Z.-J.B.); (B.-X.D.); (F.C.); (C.-D.L.); (Y.J.); (Q.-C.J.)
- Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials, Ministry of Education and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Renmin Street No. 5988, Changchun 130025, China
| | - Liang-Yu Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, China;
| | - Shi-Li Shu
- State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control, Jilin University, Changchun 130025, China; (Z.-J.B.); (B.-X.D.); (F.C.); (C.-D.L.); (Y.J.); (Q.-C.J.)
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Jilin University, Renmin Street No. 5988, Changchun 130025, China
| | - Qi-Chuan Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control, Jilin University, Changchun 130025, China; (Z.-J.B.); (B.-X.D.); (F.C.); (C.-D.L.); (Y.J.); (Q.-C.J.)
- Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials, Ministry of Education and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Renmin Street No. 5988, Changchun 130025, China
| | - Feng Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control, Jilin University, Changchun 130025, China; (Z.-J.B.); (B.-X.D.); (F.C.); (C.-D.L.); (Y.J.); (Q.-C.J.)
- Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials, Ministry of Education and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Renmin Street No. 5988, Changchun 130025, China
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