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Popović M, Burčul F, Veršić Bratinčević M, Režić Mužinić N, Skroza D, Frleta Matas R, Nazlić M, Ninčević Runjić T, Jukić Špika M, Bego A, Dunkić V, Vitanović E. In the Beginning Was the Bud: Phytochemicals from Olive ( Olea europaea L.) Vegetative Buds and Their Biological Properties. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13020237. [PMID: 36837856 PMCID: PMC9966879 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13020237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Even though Olea europaea L. is one of the most important and well-studied crops in the world, embryonic parts of the plants remain largely understudied. In this study, comprehensive phytochemical profiling of olive vegetative buds of two Croatian cultivars, Lastovka and Oblica, was performed with an analysis of essential oils and methanol extracts as well as biological activities (antioxidant, antimicrobial, and cytotoxic activities). A total of 113 different volatiles were identified in essential oils with hydrocarbons accounting for up to 60.30% and (Z)-3-heptadecene being the most abundant compound. Oleacein, oleuropein, and 3-hydroxytyrosol had the highest concentrations of all phenolics in the bud extracts. Other major compounds belong to the chemical classes of sugars, fatty acids, and triterpenoid acids. Antioxidant, antimicrobial, and cytotoxic activities were determined for both cultivars. Apart from antioxidant activity, essential oils had a weak overall biological effect. The extract from cultivar Lastovka showed much better antioxidant activity than both isolates with both methods (with an oxygen radical absorbance capacity value of 1835.42 μM TE/g and DPPH IC50 of 0.274 mg/mL), as well as antimicrobial activity with the best results against Listeria monocytogenes. The human breast adenocarcinoma MDA-MB-231 cell line showed the best response for cultivar Lastovka bud extract (IC50 = 150 μg/mL) among three human cancer cell lines tested. These results demonstrate great chemical and biological potential that is hidden in olive buds and the need to increase research in the area of embryonic parts of plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marijana Popović
- Department of Applied Science, Institute for Adriatic Crops and Karst Reclamation, Put Duilova 11, 21000 Split, Croatia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +385-21434450
| | - Franko Burčul
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Technology, University of Split, Ruđera Boškovića 35, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Maja Veršić Bratinčević
- Department of Applied Science, Institute for Adriatic Crops and Karst Reclamation, Put Duilova 11, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Nikolina Režić Mužinić
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Split, Šoltanska 2, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Danijela Skroza
- Department of Food Technology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry and Technology, University of Split, Ruđera Boškovića 35, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Roberta Frleta Matas
- Center of Excellence for Science and Technology-Integration of Mediterranean Region (STIM), Faculty of Science, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Marija Nazlić
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Split, Ruđera Boškovića 33, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Tonka Ninčević Runjić
- Department for Plant Sciences, Institute for Adriatic Crops and Karst Reclamation, Put Duilova 11, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Maja Jukić Špika
- Department of Applied Science, Institute for Adriatic Crops and Karst Reclamation, Put Duilova 11, 21000 Split, Croatia
- Centre of Excellence for Biodiversity and Molecular Plant Breeding (CoE CroP-BioDiv), Svetošimunska Cesta 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ana Bego
- Department of Applied Science, Institute for Adriatic Crops and Karst Reclamation, Put Duilova 11, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Valerija Dunkić
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Split, Ruđera Boškovića 33, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Elda Vitanović
- Department of Applied Science, Institute for Adriatic Crops and Karst Reclamation, Put Duilova 11, 21000 Split, Croatia
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