1
|
Iragaba P, Adinsi L, Delgado LF, Nanyonjo AR, Nuwamanya E, Wembabazi E, Kanaabi M, Honfozo L, Hotegni F, Djibril-Moussa I, Londoño LF, Bugaud C, Dufour D, Kawuki RS, Akissoé N, Tran T. Definition of sensory and instrumental thresholds of acceptability for selection of cassava genotypes with improved boiling properties. J Sci Food Agric 2024. [PMID: 38319871 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Consumers of boiled cassava in Africa, Latin America and Asia use specific preference criteria to evaluate its cooking quality, in terms of texture, colour and taste. To improve adoption rates of improved cassava varieties intended for consumption after boiling, these preference criteria need to be determined, quantified and integrated as post-harvest quality traits in the target product profile of boiled cassava, so that breeding programs may screen candidate varieties based on both agronomic traits and consumer preference traits. RESULTS Surveys of various end-user groups identified seven priority quality attributes of boiled cassava covering root preparation, visual aspect, taste and texture. Three populations of contrasted cassava genotypes, from good-cooking to bad-cooking, in three countries (Uganda, Benin, Colombia) were then characterized according to these quality attributes by sensory quantitative descriptive analysis (QDA) and by standard instrumental methods. Consumers' preferences of the texture attributes mealiness and hardness were also determined. By analysis of correlations, the consumers' preferences scores were translated into thresholds of acceptability in terms of QDA scores, then in terms of instrumental measurements (water absorption during boiling and texture analysis). The thresholds of acceptability were used to identify among the Colombian and Benin populations promising genotypes for boiled cassava quality. CONCLUSION This work demonstrates the steps of determining priority quality attributes for boiled cassava and establishing their corresponding quantitative thresholds of acceptability. The information can then be included in boiled cassava target product profiles used by cassava breeders, for better selection and adoption rates of new varieties. © 2024 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paula Iragaba
- National Crops Resources Research Institute (NaCRRI), Kampala, Uganda
| | - Laurent Adinsi
- Faculté des Sciences Agronomiques, Université d'Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou, Benin
- Ecole des Sciences et Techniques de Conservation et de Transformation des Produits Agricoles, Université Nationale d'Agriculture, Sakété, Benin
| | | | | | - Ephraim Nuwamanya
- National Crops Resources Research Institute (NaCRRI), Kampala, Uganda
| | - Enoch Wembabazi
- National Crops Resources Research Institute (NaCRRI), Kampala, Uganda
| | - Michael Kanaabi
- National Crops Resources Research Institute (NaCRRI), Kampala, Uganda
| | - Laurenda Honfozo
- Faculté des Sciences Agronomiques, Université d'Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou, Benin
| | - Francis Hotegni
- Faculté des Sciences Agronomiques, Université d'Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou, Benin
| | | | | | - Christophe Bugaud
- CIRAD, UMR Qualisud, Montpellier, France
- QualiSud, University of Montpellier, CIRAD, Institut Agro, University of Avignon, University of La Réunion, Montpellier, France
| | - Dominique Dufour
- CIRAD, UMR Qualisud, Montpellier, France
- QualiSud, University of Montpellier, CIRAD, Institut Agro, University of Avignon, University of La Réunion, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Noël Akissoé
- Faculté des Sciences Agronomiques, Université d'Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou, Benin
| | - Thierry Tran
- Alliance Bioversity - CIAT, Cali, Colombia
- QualiSud, University of Montpellier, CIRAD, Institut Agro, University of Avignon, University of La Réunion, Montpellier, France
- CIRAD, UMR Qualisud, Cali, Colombia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Manze F, Rubaihayo P, Ozimati A, Gibson P, Esuma W, Bua A, Alicai T, Omongo C, Kawuki RS. Genetic Gains for Yield and Virus Disease Resistance of Cassava Varieties Developed Over the Last Eight Decades in Uganda. Front Plant Sci 2021; 12:651992. [PMID: 34234794 PMCID: PMC8255924 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.651992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Achieving food security for an ever-increasing human population requires faster development of improved varieties. To this end, assessment of genetic gain for key traits is important to inform breeding processes. Despite the improvements made to increase production and productivity of cassava in Uganda at research level, there has been limited effort to quantify associated genetic gains. Accordingly, a study was conducted in Uganda to assess whether or not genetic improvement was evident in selected cassava traits using cassava varieties that were released from 1940 to 2019. Thirty-two varieties developed during this period, were evaluated simultaneously in three major cassava production zones; central (Namulonge), eastern (Serere), and northern (Loro). Best linear unbiased predictors (BLUPs) of the genotypic value for each clone were obtained across environments and regressed on order of release year to estimate annual genetic gains. We observed that genetic trends were mostly quadratic. On average, cassava mosaic disease (CMD) resistance increased by 1.9% per year, while annual genetic improvements in harvest index (0.0%) and fresh root yield (-5 kg per ha or -0.03% per ha) were non-substantial. For cassava brown streak disease (CBSD) resistance breeding which was only initiated in 2003, average annual genetic gains for CBSD foliar and CBSD root necrosis resistances were 2.3% and 1.5%, respectively. It's evident that cassava breeding has largely focused on protecting yield against diseases. This underpins the need for simultaneous improvement of cassava for disease resistance and high yield for the crop to meet its current and futuristic demands for food and industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francis Manze
- Department of Agricultural Production, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
- National Crops Resources Research Institute (NaCRRI), Kampala, Uganda
| | - Patrick Rubaihayo
- Department of Agricultural Production, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Alfred Ozimati
- National Crops Resources Research Institute (NaCRRI), Kampala, Uganda
| | - Paul Gibson
- Department of Agricultural Production, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Williams Esuma
- National Crops Resources Research Institute (NaCRRI), Kampala, Uganda
| | - Anton Bua
- National Crops Resources Research Institute (NaCRRI), Kampala, Uganda
| | - Titus Alicai
- National Crops Resources Research Institute (NaCRRI), Kampala, Uganda
| | - Chris Omongo
- National Crops Resources Research Institute (NaCRRI), Kampala, Uganda
| | - Robert S. Kawuki
- National Crops Resources Research Institute (NaCRRI), Kampala, Uganda
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
De Souza AP, Wang Y, Orr DJ, Carmo-Silva E, Long SP. Photosynthesis across African cassava germplasm is limited by Rubisco and mesophyll conductance at steady state, but by stomatal conductance in fluctuating light. New Phytol 2020; 225:2498-2512. [PMID: 31446639 PMCID: PMC7065220 DOI: 10.1111/nph.16142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Sub-Saharan Africa is projected to see a 55% increase in food demand by 2035, where cassava (Manihot esculenta) is the most widely planted crop and a major calorie source. Yet, cassava yield in this region has not increased significantly for 13 yr. Improvement of genetic yield potential, the basis of the first Green Revolution, could be realized by improving photosynthetic efficiency. First, the factors limiting photosynthesis and their genetic variability within extant germplasm must be understood. Biochemical and diffusive limitations to leaf photosynthetic CO2 uptake under steady state and fluctuating light in 13 farm-preferred and high-yielding African cultivars were analyzed. A cassava leaf metabolic model was developed to quantify the value of overcoming limitations to leaf photosynthesis. At steady state, in vivo Rubisco activity and mesophyll conductance accounted for 84% of the limitation. Under nonsteady-state conditions of shade to sun transition, stomatal conductance was the major limitation, resulting in an estimated 13% and 5% losses in CO2 uptake and water use efficiency, across a diurnal period. Triose phosphate utilization, although sufficient to support observed rates, would limit improvement in leaf photosynthesis to 33%, unless improved itself. The variation of carbon assimilation among cultivars was three times greater under nonsteady state compared to steady state, pinpointing important overlooked breeding targets for improved photosynthetic efficiency in cassava.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amanda P. De Souza
- Carl R Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of
Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Yu Wang
- Carl R Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of
Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Douglas J. Orr
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University,
Lancaster, LA1 4YQ, UK
| | | | - Stephen P. Long
- Carl R Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of
Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University,
Lancaster, LA1 4YQ, UK
| |
Collapse
|