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Gu S, Bradley-Clarke J, Rose RS, Warren MJ, Pickersgill RW. Enzyme-cargo encapsulation peptides bind between tessellating tiles of the bacterial microcompartment shell. J Biol Chem 2024:107357. [PMID: 38735476 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.107357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Bacterial microcompartments are prokaryotic organelles comprising encapsulated enzymes within a thin protein shell. They facilitate metabolic processing including propanediol, choline, glycerol, and ethanolamine utilization, and they accelerate carbon fixation in cyanobacteria. Enzymes targeted to the inside of the microcompartment frequently possess a cargo-encapsulation peptide, but the site to which the peptide binds is unclear. We provide evidence that the encapsulation peptides bind to the hydrophobic groove formed between tessellating subunits of the shell proteins. In silico docking studies provide a compelling model of peptide binding to this prominent hydrophobic groove. This result is consistent with the now widely accepted view that the convex side of the shell oligomers faces the lumen of the microcompartment. Binding of the encapsulation peptide to the groove between tessellating shell protein tiles explains why it has been difficult to define the peptide binding site using other methods, provides a mechanism by which encapsulation-peptide bearing enzymes can promote shell assembly, and explains how the presence of cargo affects the size and shape of the bacterial microcompartment. This knowledge may be exploited in engineering microcompartments or in disease prevention by hampering cargo-encapsulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Gu
- School of Biological and Behavioral Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4AA, UK
| | - Jack Bradley-Clarke
- School of Biological and Behavioral Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4AA, UK
| | - Ruth-Sarah Rose
- School of Biological and Behavioral Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4AA, UK
| | - Martin J Warren
- School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Giles Lane, Canterbury, Kent, CT2 7NJ, UK
| | - Richard W Pickersgill
- School of Biological and Behavioral Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4AA, UK.
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2
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Canniff NP, Graham JB, Guay KP, Lubicki DA, Eyles SJ, Rauch JN, Hebert DN. TTC17 is an endoplasmic reticulum resident TPR-containing adaptor protein. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:105450. [PMID: 37949225 PMCID: PMC10783571 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein folding, quality control, maturation, and trafficking are essential processes for proper cellular homeostasis. Around one-third of the human proteome is targeted to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), the organelle that serves as entrance into the secretory pathway. Successful protein trafficking is paramount for proper cellular function and to that end there are many ER resident proteins that ensure efficient secretion. Here, biochemical and cell biological analysis was used to determine that TTC17 is a large, soluble, ER-localized protein that plays an important role in secretory trafficking. Transcriptional analysis identified the predominantly expressed protein isoform of TTC17 in various cell lines. Further, TTC17 localizes to the ER and interacts with a wide variety of chaperones and cochaperones normally associated with ER protein folding, quality control, and maturation processes. TTC17 was found to be significantly upregulated by ER stress and through the creation and use of TTC17-/- cell lines, quantitative mass spectrometry identified secretory pathway wide trafficking defects in the absence of TTC17. Notably, trafficking of insulin-like growth factor type 1 receptor, glycoprotein nonmetastatic melanoma protein B, clusterin, and UDP-glucose:glycoprotein glucosyltransferase 1 were significantly altered in H4 neuroglioma cells. This study defines a novel ER trafficking factor and provides insight into the protein-protein assisted trafficking in the early secretory pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan P Canniff
- Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, USA
| | - Jill B Graham
- Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, USA
| | - Kevin P Guay
- Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, USA
| | - Daniel A Lubicki
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, USA
| | - Stephen J Eyles
- Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, USA; Institute for Applied Life Sciences, Mass Spectrometry Center, University of Massachusetts Amherst, USA
| | - Jennifer N Rauch
- Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, USA
| | - Daniel N Hebert
- Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, USA.
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3
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Kim Y, Ahmed S, Miller WT. Colorectal cancer-associated mutations impair EphB1 kinase function. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:105115. [PMID: 37527777 PMCID: PMC10463257 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Erythropoietin-producing hepatoma (Eph) receptor tyrosine kinases regulate the migration and adhesion of cells that are required for many developmental processes and adult tissue homeostasis. In the intestinal epithelium, Eph signaling controls the positioning of cell types along the crypt-villus axis. Eph activity can suppress the progression of colorectal cancer (CRC). The most frequently mutated Eph receptor in metastatic CRC is EphB1. However, the functional effects of EphB1 mutations are mostly unknown. We expressed and purified the kinase domains of WT and five cancer-associated mutant EphB1 and developed assays to assess the functional effects of the mutations. Using purified proteins, we determined that CRC-associated mutations reduce the activity and stability of the folded structure of EphB1. By mammalian cell expression, we determined that CRC-associated mutant EphB1 receptors inhibit signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 and extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 signaling. In contrast to the WT, the mutant EphB1 receptors are unable to suppress the migration of human CRC cells. The CRC-associated mutations also impair cell compartmentalization in an assay in which EphB1-expressing cells are cocultured with ligand (ephrin B1)-expressing cells. These results suggest that somatic mutations impair the kinase-dependent tumor suppressor function of EphB1 in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunyoung Kim
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Sultan Ahmed
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - W Todd Miller
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA; Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Northport, New York, USA.
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4
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Senju Y, Mushtaq T, Vihinen H, Manninen A, Saarikangas J, Ven K, Engel U, Varjosalo M, Jokitalo E, Lappalainen P. Actin-rich lamellipodia-like protrusions contribute to the integrity of epithelial cell-cell junctions. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:104571. [PMID: 36871754 PMCID: PMC10173786 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.104571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastasis-suppressor 1 (MTSS1) is a membrane-interacting scaffolding protein that regulates the integrity of epithelial cell-cell junctions and functions as a tumor suppressor in a wide range of carcinomas. MTSS1 binds phosphoinositide-rich membranes through its I-BAR domain, and is capable of sensing and generating negative membrane curvature in vitro. However, the mechanisms by which MTSS1 localizes to intercellular junctions in epithelial cells, and contributes to their integrity and maintenance have remained elusive. By carrying out electron microscopy and live-cell imaging on cultured Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cell monolayers, we provide evidence that adherens junctions of epithelial cells harbor lamellipodia-like, dynamic actin-driven membrane folds, which exhibit high negative membrane curvature at their distal edges. BioID proteomics and imaging experiments demonstrated that MTSS1 associates with an Arp2/3 complex activator, the WAVE-2 complex, in dynamic actin-rich protrusions at cell-cell junctions. Inhibition of Arp2/3 or WAVE-2 suppressed actin filament assembly at adherens junctions, decreased the dynamics of junctional membrane protrusions, and led to defects in epithelial integrity. Together, these results support a model in which membrane-associated MTSS1, together with the WAVE-2 and Arp2/3 complexes, promotes the formation of dynamic lamellipodia-like actin protrusions that contribute to the integrity of cell-cell junctions in epithelial monolayers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosuke Senju
- Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science (RIIS), Okayama University, Japan.
| | - Toiba Mushtaq
- Helsinki Institute of Life Science (HiLIFE) - Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Helena Vihinen
- Helsinki Institute of Life Science (HiLIFE) - Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Aki Manninen
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Finland
| | - Juha Saarikangas
- Helsinki Institute of Life Science (HiLIFE), University of Helsinki, Finland; Molecular and Integrative Biosciences Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Neuroscience Center, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Katharina Ven
- Helsinki Institute of Life Science (HiLIFE) - Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ulrike Engel
- Nikon Imaging Center and Centre for Organismal Studies, Heidelberg University, Germany
| | - Markku Varjosalo
- Helsinki Institute of Life Science (HiLIFE) - Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Eija Jokitalo
- Helsinki Institute of Life Science (HiLIFE) - Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Pekka Lappalainen
- Helsinki Institute of Life Science (HiLIFE) - Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Finland
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Liu Z, Nan H, Jiang Y, Xu T, Gong X, Hu C. Programmable Electrodeposition of Janus Alginate/Poly-L-Lysine/Alginate (APA) Microcapsules for High-Resolution Cell Patterning and Compartmentalization. Small 2022; 18:e2106363. [PMID: 34921585 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202106363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Encapsulation of live cells in protective, semipermeable microcapsules is one of the kernel techniques for in vitro tissue regeneration, cell therapies, and pharmaceutical screening. Advanced fabrication techniques for cell encapsulation have been developed to meet different requirements. Existing cell encapsulation techniques place substantial constraints on the spatial patterning of live cells as well as on the compartmentalization of heterotypic cells. Alginate-Poly-L-lysine-alginate (APA) microcapsules that use sodium alginate as the polyanion and poly-L-lysine (PLL) as the polycation have been extensively employed for cell microencapsulation due to their excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability. This study proposes a novel method for developing programmable Janus APA microcapsules with variable shapes and sizes by using electrodeposition. By the versatile design of the microelectrode device, sequential electrodeposition is triggered to electro-address the cells at specific locations immobilized within a Janus APA microcapsule. The osteogenesis is evaluated by resembling cell compartmentalized and vascularized osteoblast-laden constructs. This technique allows precise spatial patterning of heterotypic cells inside the APA microcapsule, enabling the observation of cellular growth, interactions, and differentiation in a well-controlled chemical and mechanical microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyang Liu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Biomimetic Robotics and Intelligent Systems, Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Stem Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Lab, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute (TBSI), No.1001 Xueyuan Avenue, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Haochen Nan
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Biomimetic Robotics and Intelligent Systems, Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yike Jiang
- Stem Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Lab, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute (TBSI), No.1001 Xueyuan Avenue, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Tao Xu
- Stem Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Lab, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute (TBSI), No.1001 Xueyuan Avenue, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Xiaohua Gong
- School of Optometry and Vision Science Program, University of California Berkeley, 380 Minor Ln, Berkeley, San Francisco, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Chengzhi Hu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Biomimetic Robotics and Intelligent Systems, Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Human-Augmentation and Rehabilitation Robotics in Universities, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
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6
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Lazzeri G, Busceti CL, Biagioni F, Fabrizi C, Morucci G, Giorgi FS, Ferrucci M, Lenzi P, Puglisi-Allegra S, Fornai F. Norepinephrine Protects against Methamphetamine Toxicity through β2-Adrenergic Receptors Promoting LC3 Compartmentalization. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22137232. [PMID: 34281286 PMCID: PMC8269332 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22137232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Norepinephrine (NE) neurons and extracellular NE exert some protective effects against a variety of insults, including methamphetamine (Meth)-induced cell damage. The intimate mechanism of protection remains difficult to be analyzed in vivo. In fact, this may occur directly on target neurons or as the indirect consequence of NE-induced alterations in the activity of trans-synaptic loops. Therefore, to elude neuronal networks, which may contribute to these effects in vivo, the present study investigates whether NE still protects when directly applied to Meth-treated PC12 cells. Meth was selected based on its detrimental effects along various specific brain areas. The study shows that NE directly protects in vitro against Meth-induced cell damage. The present study indicates that such an effect fully depends on the activation of plasma membrane β2-adrenergic receptors (ARs). Evidence indicates that β2-ARs activation restores autophagy, which is impaired by Meth administration. This occurs via restoration of the autophagy flux and, as assessed by ultrastructural morphometry, by preventing the dissipation of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3) from autophagy vacuoles to the cytosol, which is produced instead during Meth toxicity. These findings may have an impact in a variety of degenerative conditions characterized by NE deficiency along with autophagy impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Lazzeri
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, via Roma 55, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (G.L.); (G.M.); (F.S.G.); (M.F.); (P.L.)
| | - Carla L. Busceti
- I.R.C.C.S. Neuromed, via Atinense 18, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy; (C.L.B.); (F.B.); (S.P.-A.)
| | - Francesca Biagioni
- I.R.C.C.S. Neuromed, via Atinense 18, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy; (C.L.B.); (F.B.); (S.P.-A.)
| | - Cinzia Fabrizi
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics, Sapienza University of Rome, via A. Borelli 50, 00161 Rome, Italy;
| | - Gabriele Morucci
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, via Roma 55, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (G.L.); (G.M.); (F.S.G.); (M.F.); (P.L.)
| | - Filippo S. Giorgi
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, via Roma 55, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (G.L.); (G.M.); (F.S.G.); (M.F.); (P.L.)
| | - Michela Ferrucci
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, via Roma 55, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (G.L.); (G.M.); (F.S.G.); (M.F.); (P.L.)
| | - Paola Lenzi
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, via Roma 55, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (G.L.); (G.M.); (F.S.G.); (M.F.); (P.L.)
| | | | - Francesco Fornai
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, via Roma 55, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (G.L.); (G.M.); (F.S.G.); (M.F.); (P.L.)
- I.R.C.C.S. Neuromed, via Atinense 18, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy; (C.L.B.); (F.B.); (S.P.-A.)
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +39-050-2218601
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7
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Espinosa JR, Joseph JA, Sanchez-Burgos I, Garaizar A, Frenkel D, Collepardo-Guevara R. Liquid network connectivity regulates the stability and composition of biomolecular condensates with many components. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:13238-13247. [PMID: 32482873 PMCID: PMC7306995 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1917569117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the key mechanisms used by cells to control the spatiotemporal organization of their many components is the formation and dissolution of biomolecular condensates through liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS). Using a minimal coarse-grained model that allows us to simulate thousands of interacting multivalent proteins, we investigate the physical parameters dictating the stability and composition of multicomponent biomolecular condensates. We demonstrate that the molecular connectivity of the condensed-liquid network-i.e., the number of weak attractive protein-protein interactions per unit of volume-determines the stability (e.g., in temperature, pH, salt concentration) of multicomponent condensates, where stability is positively correlated with connectivity. While the connectivity of scaffolds (biomolecules essential for LLPS) dominates the phase landscape, introduction of clients (species recruited via scaffold-client interactions) fine-tunes it by transforming the scaffold-scaffold bond network. Whereas low-valency clients that compete for scaffold-scaffold binding sites decrease connectivity and stability, those that bind to alternate scaffold sites not required for LLPS or that have higher-than-scaffold valencies form additional scaffold-client-scaffold bridges increasing stability. Proteins that establish more connections (via increased valencies, promiscuous binding, and topologies that enable multivalent interactions) support the stability of and are enriched within multicomponent condensates. Importantly, proteins that increase the connectivity of multicomponent condensates have higher critical points as pure systems or, if pure LLPS is unfeasible, as binary scaffold-client mixtures. Hence, critical points of accessible systems (i.e., with just a few components) might serve as a unified thermodynamic parameter to predict the composition of multicomponent condensates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge R Espinosa
- Maxwell Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kindgdom
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
- Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EH, United Kingdom
| | - Jerelle A Joseph
- Maxwell Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kindgdom
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
- Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EH, United Kingdom
| | - Ignacio Sanchez-Burgos
- Maxwell Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kindgdom
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
- Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EH, United Kingdom
| | - Adiran Garaizar
- Maxwell Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kindgdom
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
- Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EH, United Kingdom
| | - Daan Frenkel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Rosana Collepardo-Guevara
- Maxwell Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kindgdom;
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
- Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EH, United Kingdom
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8
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Zeng J, Sasaki N, Correia CR, Mano JF, Matsusaki M. Fabrication of Artificial Nanobasement Membranes for Cell Compartmentalization in 3D Tissues. Small 2020; 16:e1907434. [PMID: 32372510 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201907434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In recent decades, tissue engineering techniques have attracted much attention in the construction of 3D tissues or organs. However, even though precise control of cell locations in 3D has been achieved, the organized cell locations are easily destroyed because of the cell migration during the cell culture period. In human body, basement membranes (BMs) maintain the precise cell locations in 3D (compartmentalization). Constructing artificial BMs that mimic the structure and biofunctions of natural BMs remains a major challenge. Here, a nanometer-sized artificial BM through layer-by-layer assembly of collagen type IV (Col-IV) and laminin (LM), chosen because they are the main components of natural BMs, is reported. This multilayered Col-IV/LM nanofilm imitates natural BM structure closely, showing controllable and similar components, thickness, and fibrous network. The Col-IV/LM nanofilms have high cell adhesion properties and maintain the spreading morphology effectively. Furthermore, the barrier effect of preventing cell migration but permitting effective cell-cell crosstalk between fibroblasts and endothelial cells demonstrates the ability of Col-IV/LM nanofilms for cell compartmentalization in 3D tissues, providing more reliable tissue models for evaluating drug efficacy, nanotoxicology, and implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinfeng Zeng
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Naoko Sasaki
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Clara R Correia
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, Aveiro, 3810-193, Portugal
| | - João F Mano
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, Aveiro, 3810-193, Portugal
| | - Michiya Matsusaki
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
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9
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Su VL, Simon B, Draheim KM, Calderwood DA. Serine phosphorylation of the small phosphoprotein ICAP1 inhibits its nuclear accumulation. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:3269-3284. [PMID: 32005669 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.009794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Nuclear accumulation of the small phosphoprotein integrin cytoplasmic domain-associated protein-1 (ICAP1) results in recruitment of its binding partner, Krev/Rap1 interaction trapped-1 (KRIT1), to the nucleus. KRIT1 loss is the most common cause of cerebral cavernous malformation, a neurovascular dysplasia resulting in dilated, thin-walled vessels that tend to rupture, increasing the risk for hemorrhagic stroke. KRIT1's nuclear roles are unknown, but it is known to function as a scaffolding or adaptor protein at cell-cell junctions and in the cytosol, supporting normal blood vessel integrity and development. As ICAP1 controls KRIT1 subcellular localization, presumably influencing KRIT1 function, in this work, we investigated the signals that regulate ICAP1 and, hence, KRIT1 nuclear localization. ICAP1 contains a nuclear localization signal within an unstructured, N-terminal region that is rich in serine and threonine residues, several of which are reportedly phosphorylated. Using quantitative microscopy, we revealed that phosphorylation-mimicking substitutions at Ser-10, or to a lesser extent at Ser-25, within this N-terminal region inhibit ICAP1 nuclear accumulation. Conversely, phosphorylation-blocking substitutions at these sites enhanced ICAP1 nuclear accumulation. We further demonstrate that p21-activated kinase 4 (PAK4) can phosphorylate ICAP1 at Ser-10 both in vitro and in cultured cells and that active PAK4 inhibits ICAP1 nuclear accumulation in a Ser-10-dependent manner. Finally, we show that ICAP1 phosphorylation controls nuclear localization of the ICAP1-KRIT1 complex. We conclude that serine phosphorylation within the ICAP1 N-terminal region can prevent nuclear ICAP1 accumulation, providing a mechanism that regulates KRIT1 localization and signaling, potentially influencing vascular development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerie L Su
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - Bertrand Simon
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - Kyle M Draheim
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - David A Calderwood
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520; Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520.
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10
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Civciristov S, Huang C, Liu B, Marquez EA, Gondin AB, Schittenhelm RB, Ellisdon AM, Canals M, Halls ML. Ligand-dependent spatiotemporal signaling profiles of the μ-opioid receptor are controlled by distinct protein-interaction networks. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:16198-16213. [PMID: 31515267 PMCID: PMC6827304 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.008685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Ligand-dependent differences in the regulation and internalization of the μ-opioid receptor (MOR) have been linked to the severity of adverse effects that limit opiate use in pain management. MOR activation by morphine or [d-Ala2,N-MePhe4, Gly-ol]enkephalin (DAMGO) causes differences in spatiotemporal signaling dependent on MOR distribution at the plasma membrane. Morphine stimulation of MOR activates a Gαi/o–Gβγ–protein kinase C (PKC) α phosphorylation pathway that limits MOR distribution and is associated with a sustained increase in cytosolic extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) activity. In contrast, DAMGO causes a redistribution of the MOR at the plasma membrane (before receptor internalization) that facilitates transient activation of cytosolic and nuclear ERK. Here, we used proximity biotinylation proteomics to dissect the different protein-interaction networks that underlie the spatiotemporal signaling of morphine and DAMGO. We found that DAMGO, but not morphine, activates Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (Rac1). Both Rac1 and nuclear ERK activity depended on the scaffolding proteins IQ motif-containing GTPase-activating protein-1 (IQGAP1) and Crk-like (CRKL) protein. In contrast, morphine increased the proximity of the MOR to desmosomal proteins, which form specialized and highly-ordered membrane domains. Knockdown of two desmosomal proteins, junction plakoglobin or desmocolin-1, switched the morphine spatiotemporal signaling profile to mimic that of DAMGO, resulting in a transient increase in nuclear ERK activity. The identification of the MOR-interaction networks that control differential spatiotemporal signaling reported here is an important step toward understanding how signal compartmentalization contributes to opioid-induced responses, including anti-nociception and the development of tolerance and dependence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srgjan Civciristov
- Drug Discovery Biology Theme, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville 3052, Victoria, Australia
| | - Cheng Huang
- Monash Proteomics and Metabolomics Facility, Monash University, Clayton 3800, Victoria, Australia.,Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton 3800, Victoria, Australia
| | - Bonan Liu
- Drug Discovery Biology Theme, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville 3052, Victoria, Australia
| | - Elsa A Marquez
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton 3800, Victoria, Australia
| | - Arisbel B Gondin
- Drug Discovery Biology Theme, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville 3052, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ralf B Schittenhelm
- Monash Proteomics and Metabolomics Facility, Monash University, Clayton 3800, Victoria, Australia.,Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton 3800, Victoria, Australia
| | - Andrew M Ellisdon
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton 3800, Victoria, Australia
| | - Meritxell Canals
- Drug Discovery Biology Theme, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville 3052, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michelle L Halls
- Drug Discovery Biology Theme, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville 3052, Victoria, Australia
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11
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Deng QW, Zhang J, Li T, He WM, Fang L, Lee HC, Zhao YJ. The transferrin receptor CD71 regulates type II CD38, revealing tight topological compartmentalization of intracellular cyclic ADP-ribose production. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:15293-15303. [PMID: 31434741 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.010010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2019] [Revised: 08/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The CD38 molecule (CD38) catalyzes biogenesis of the calcium-mobilizing messenger cyclic ADP-ribose (cADPR). CD38 has dual membrane orientations, and type III CD38, with its catalytic domain facing the cytosol, has low abundance but is efficient in cyclizing cytosolic NAD to produce cADPR. The role of cell surface type II CD38 in cellular cADPR production is unknown. Here we modulated type II CD38 expression and assessed the effects of this modulation on cADPR levels. We developed a photoactivatable cross-linking probe based on a CD38 nanobody, and, combining it with MS analysis, we discovered that cell surface CD38 interacts with CD71. CD71 knockdown increased CD38 levels, and CD38 knockout reciprocally increased CD71, and both could be cocapped and coimmunoprecipitated. We constructed a chimera comprising the N-terminal segment of CD71 and a CD38 nanobody to mimic CD71's ligand property. Overexpression of this chimera induced a dramatically large decrease in CD38 via lysosomes. Remarkably, cellular cADPR levels did not decrease correspondingly. Bafilomycin-mediated blockade of lysosomal degradation greatly elevated active type II CD38 by trapping it in the lysosomes but also did not increase cADPR levels. Retention of type II CD38 in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) by expressing an ER construct that prevented its transport to the cell surface likewise did not change cADPR levels. These results provide first and direct evidence that cADPR biogenesis occurs in the cytosol and is catalyzed mainly by type III CD38 and that type II CD38, compartmentalized in the ER or lysosomes or on the cell surface, contributes only minimally to cADPR biogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wen Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jingzi Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, China
| | - Ting Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Wei Ming He
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Lei Fang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, China
| | - Hon Cheung Lee
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yong Juan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
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12
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Kindermann B, Valkova C, Krämer A, Perner B, Engelmann C, Behrendt L, Kritsch D, Jungnickel B, Kehlenbach RH, Oswald F, Englert C, Kaether C. The nuclear pore proteins Nup88/214 and T-cell acute lymphatic leukemia-associated NUP214 fusion proteins regulate Notch signaling. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:11741-11750. [PMID: 31186352 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.006357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Revised: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The Notch receptor is a key mediator of developmental programs and cell-fate decisions. Imbalanced Notch signaling leads to developmental disorders and cancer. To fully characterize the Notch signaling pathway and exploit it in novel therapeutic interventions, a comprehensive view on the regulation and requirements of Notch signaling is needed. Notch is regulated at different levels, ranging from ligand binding, stability to endocytosis. Using an array of different techniques, including reporter gene assays, immunocytochemistry, and ChIP-qPCR we show here, to the best of our knowledge for the first time, regulation of Notch signaling at the level of the nuclear pore. We found that the nuclear pore protein Nup214 (nucleoporin 214) and its interaction partner Nup88 negatively regulate Notch signaling in vitro and in vivo in zebrafish. In mammalian cells, loss of Nup88/214 inhibited nuclear export of recombination signal-binding protein for immunoglobulin κJ region (RBP-J), the DNA-binding component of the Notch pathway. This inhibition increased binding of RBP-J to its cognate promoter regions, resulting in increased downstream Notch signaling. Interestingly, we also found that NUP214 fusion proteins, causative for certain cases of T-cell acute lymphatic leukemia, potentially contribute to tumorigenesis via a Notch-dependent mechanism. In summary, the nuclear pore components Nup88/214 suppress Notch signaling in vitro, and in zebrafish, nuclear RBP-J levels are rate-limiting factors for Notch signaling in mammalian cells, and regulation of nucleocytoplasmic transport of RBP-J may contribute to fine-tuning Notch activity in cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bastian Kindermann
- Leibniz Institut für Alternsforschung-Fritz Lipmann Institut, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Christina Valkova
- Leibniz Institut für Alternsforschung-Fritz Lipmann Institut, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Andreas Krämer
- Leibniz Institut für Alternsforschung-Fritz Lipmann Institut, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Birgit Perner
- Leibniz Institut für Alternsforschung-Fritz Lipmann Institut, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Christian Engelmann
- Leibniz Institut für Alternsforschung-Fritz Lipmann Institut, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Laura Behrendt
- Leibniz Institut für Alternsforschung-Fritz Lipmann Institut, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Daniel Kritsch
- Institut für Biochemie und Biophysik, Friedrich Schiller Universität Jena, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Berit Jungnickel
- Institut für Biochemie und Biophysik, Friedrich Schiller Universität Jena, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Ralph H Kehlenbach
- Department of Molecular Biology, Universitätsmedizin Göttingen, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Franz Oswald
- Universitätsklinikum Ulm, Zentrum für Innere Medizin, Abteilung für Innere Medizin I, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Christoph Englert
- Leibniz Institut für Alternsforschung-Fritz Lipmann Institut, 07745 Jena, Germany.,Institut für Biochemie und Biophysik, Friedrich Schiller Universität Jena, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Christoph Kaether
- Leibniz Institut für Alternsforschung-Fritz Lipmann Institut, 07745 Jena, Germany
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13
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Kerr EW, Shumar SA, Leonardi R. Nudt8 is a novel CoA diphosphohydrolase that resides in the mitochondria. FEBS Lett 2019; 593:1133-1143. [PMID: 31004344 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
CoA regulates energy metabolism and exists in separate pools in the cytosol, peroxisomes, and mitochondria. At the whole tissue level, the concentration of CoA changes with the nutritional state by balancing synthesis and degradation; however, it is currently unclear how individual subcellular CoA pools are regulated. Liver and kidney peroxisomes contain Nudt7 and Nudt19, respectively, enzymes that catalyze CoA degradation. We report that Nudt8 is a novel CoA-degrading enzyme that resides in the mitochondria. Nudt8 has a distinctive preference for manganese ions and exhibits a broader tissue distribution than Nudt7 and Nudt19. The existence of CoA-degrading enzymes in both peroxisomes and mitochondria suggests that degradation may be a key regulatory mechanism for modulating the intracellular CoA pools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan W Kerr
- Department of Biochemistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Stephanie A Shumar
- Department of Biochemistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Roberta Leonardi
- Department of Biochemistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
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14
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Abstract
Compartmentalization is a characterizing feature of complexity in cells, used to organize their biochemistry. Membrane-bound organelles are most widely known, but non-membrane-bound liquid organelles also exist. These have recently been shown to form by phase separation of specific types of proteins known as scaffolds. This forms two phases: a condensate that is enriched in scaffold protein separated by a phase boundary from the cytoplasm or nucleoplasm with a low concentration of the scaffold protein. Phase separation is well known for synthetic polymers, but also appears important in cells. Here, we review the properties of proteins important for forming these non-membrane-bound organelles, focusing on the energetically favourable interactions that drive condensation. On this basis we make qualitative predictions about how cells may control compartmentalization by condensates; the partition of specific molecules to a condensate; the control of condensation and dissolution of condensates; and the regulation of condensate nucleation. There are emerging data supporting many of these predictions, although future results may prove incorrect. It appears that many molecules may have the ability to modulate condensate formation, making condensates a potential target for future therapeutics. The emerging properties of condensates are fundamentally unlike the properties of membrane-bound organelles. They have the capacity to rapidly integrate cellular events and act as a new class of sensors for internal and external environments. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Self-organization in cell biology’.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Wheeler
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Pfotenhauerstraße 108, Dresden, Germany
| | - Anthony A Hyman
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Pfotenhauerstraße 108, Dresden, Germany
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15
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Betancourt-Solis MA, Desai T, McNew JA. The atlastin membrane anchor forms an intramembrane hairpin that does not span the phospholipid bilayer. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:18514-18524. [PMID: 30287684 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.003812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Revised: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is composed of flattened sheets and interconnected tubules that extend throughout the cytosol and makes physical contact with all other cytoplasmic organelles. This cytoplasmic distribution requires continuous remodeling. These discrete ER morphologies require specialized proteins that drive and maintain membrane curvature. The GTPase atlastin is required for homotypic fusion of ER tubules. All atlastin homologs possess a conserved domain architecture consisting of a GTPase domain, a three-helix bundle middle domain, a hydrophobic membrane anchor, and a C-terminal cytosolic tail. Here, we examined several Drosophila-human atlastin chimeras to identify functional domains of human atlastin-1 in vitro Although all chimeras could hydrolyze GTP, only chimeras containing the human C-terminal tail, hydrophobic segments, or both could fuse membranes in vitro We also determined that co-reconstitution of atlastin with reticulon does not influence GTPase activity or membrane fusion. Finally, we found that both human and Drosophila atlastin hydrophobic membrane anchors do not span the membrane, but rather form two intramembrane hairpin loops. The topology of these hairpins remains static during membrane fusion and does not appear to play an active role in lipid mixing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tanvi Desai
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005
| | - James A McNew
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005
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16
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Grignaschi E, Cereghetti G, Grigolato F, Kopp MRG, Caimi S, Faltova L, Saad S, Peter M, Arosio P. A hydrophobic low-complexity region regulates aggregation of the yeast pyruvate kinase Cdc19 into amyloid-like aggregates in vitro. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:11424-11432. [PMID: 29853641 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra117.001628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2017] [Revised: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Cells form stress granules (SGs) upon stress stimuli to protect sensitive proteins and RNA from degradation. In the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, specific stresses such as nutrient starvation and heat-shock trigger recruitment of the yeast pyruvate kinase Cdc19 into SGs. This RNA-binding protein was shown to form amyloid-like aggregates that are physiologically reversible and essential for cell cycle restart after stress. Cellular Cdc19 exists in an equilibrium between a homotetramer and monomer state. Here, we show that Cdc19 aggregation in vitro is governed by protein quaternary structure, and we investigate the physical-chemical basis of Cdc19's assembly properties. Equilibrium shift toward the monomer state exposes a hydrophobic low-complexity region (LCR), which is prone to induce intermolecular interactions with surrounding proteins. We further demonstrate that hydrophobic/hydrophilic interfaces can trigger Cdc19 aggregation in vitro Moreover, we performed in vitro biophysical analyses to compare Cdc19 aggregates with fibrils produced by two known dysfunctional amyloidogenic peptides. We show that the Cdc19 aggregates share several structural features with pathological amyloids formed by human insulin and the Alzheimer's disease-associated Aβ42 peptide, particularly secondary β-sheet structure, thermodynamic stability, and staining by the thioflavin T dye. However, Cdc19 aggregates could not seed aggregation. These results indicate that Cdc19 adopts an amyloid-like structure in vitro that is regulated by the exposure of a hydrophobic LCR in its monomeric form. Together, our results highlight striking structural similarities between functional and dysfunctional amyloids and reveal the crucial role of hydrophobic/hydrophilic interfaces in regulating Cdc19 aggregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica Grignaschi
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Gea Cereghetti
- Department of Biology, Institute for Biochemistry, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Fulvio Grigolato
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Marie R G Kopp
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Stefano Caimi
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Lenka Faltova
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Shady Saad
- Department of Biology, Institute for Biochemistry, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Peter
- Department of Biology, Institute for Biochemistry, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Paolo Arosio
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
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17
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Dahl EF, Wu SC, Healy CL, Harsch BA, Shearer GC, O'Connell TD. Subcellular compartmentalization of proximal Gα q-receptor signaling produces unique hypertrophic phenotypes in adult cardiac myocytes. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:8734-8749. [PMID: 29610273 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.002283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors that signal through Gαq (Gq receptors), such as α1-adrenergic receptors (α1-ARs) or angiotensin receptors, share a common proximal signaling pathway that activates phospholipase Cβ1 (PLCβ1), which cleaves phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) to produce inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) and diacylglycerol. Despite these common proximal signaling mechanisms, Gq receptors produce distinct physiological responses, yet the mechanistic basis for this remains unclear. In the heart, Gq receptors are thought to induce myocyte hypertrophy through a mechanism termed excitation-transcription coupling, which provides a mechanistic basis for compartmentalization of calcium required for contraction versus IP3-dependent intranuclear calcium required for hypertrophy. Here, we identified subcellular compartmentalization of Gq-receptor signaling as a mechanistic basis for unique Gq receptor-induced hypertrophic phenotypes in cardiac myocytes. We show that α1-ARs co-localize with PLCβ1 and PIP2 at the nuclear membrane. Further, nuclear α1-ARs induced intranuclear PLCβ1 activity, leading to histone deacetylase 5 (HDAC5) export and a robust transcriptional response (i.e. significant up- or down-regulation of 806 genes). Conversely, we found that angiotensin receptors localize to the sarcolemma and induce sarcolemmal PLCβ1 activity, but fail to promote HDAC5 nuclear export, while producing a transcriptional response that is mostly a subset of α1-AR-induced transcription. In summary, these results link Gq-receptor compartmentalization in cardiac myocytes to unique hypertrophic transcription. They suggest a new model of excitation-transcription coupling in adult cardiac myocytes that accounts for differential Gq-receptor localization and better explains distinct physiological functions of Gq receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Steven C Wu
- Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455 and
| | - Chastity L Healy
- Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455 and
| | - Brian A Harsch
- the Department of Nutritional Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
| | - Gregory C Shearer
- the Department of Nutritional Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
| | - Timothy D O'Connell
- Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455 and
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18
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Abstract
Glycogen, the primary storage form of glucose, is a rapid and accessible form of energy that can be supplied to tissues on demand. Each glycogen granule, or "glycosome," is considered an independent metabolic unit composed of a highly branched polysaccharide and various proteins involved in its metabolism. In this Minireview, we review the literature to follow the dynamic life of a glycogen granule in a multicompartmentalized system, i.e. the cell, and how and where glycogen granules appear and the factors governing its degradation. A better understanding of the importance of cellular compartmentalization as a regulator of glycogen metabolism is needed to unravel its role in brain energetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Prats
- Center for Healthy Aging, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark; Core Facility for Integrated Microscopy, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark.
| | - Terry E Graham
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Jane Shearer
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada; Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
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19
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Taylor AA. A guy with a machine: Using NMR to study biological macromolecules. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:21381-21382. [PMID: 29288240 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.cl117.001138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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20
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St Clair JR, Larson ED, Sharpe EJ, Liao Z, Proenza C. Phosphodiesterases 3 and 4 Differentially Regulate the Funny Current, I f, in Mouse Sinoatrial Node Myocytes. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2017; 4:10. [PMID: 28868308 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd4030010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac pacemaking, at rest and during the sympathetic fight-or-flight response, depends on cAMP (3',5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate) signaling in sinoatrial node myocytes (SAMs). The cardiac "funny current" (If) is among the cAMP-sensitive effectors that drive pacemaking in SAMs. If is produced by hyperpolarization-activated, cyclic nucleotide-sensitive (HCN) channels. Voltage-dependent gating of HCN channels is potentiated by cAMP, which acts either by binding directly to the channels or by activating the cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA), which phosphorylates them. PKA activity is required for signaling between β adrenergic receptors (βARs) and HCN channels in SAMs but the mechanism that constrains cAMP signaling to a PKA-dependent pathway is unknown. Phosphodiesterases (PDEs) hydrolyze cAMP and form cAMP signaling domains in other types of cardiomyocytes. Here we examine the role of PDEs in regulation of If in SAMs. If was recorded in whole-cell voltage-clamp experiments from acutely-isolated mouse SAMs in the absence or presence of PDE and PKA inhibitors, and before and after βAR stimulation. General PDE inhibition caused a PKA-independent depolarizing shift in the midpoint activation voltage (V1/2) of If at rest and removed the requirement for PKA in βAR-to-HCN signaling. PDE4 inhibition produced a similar PKA-independent depolarizing shift in the V1/2 of If at rest, but did not remove the requirement for PKA in βAR-to-HCN signaling. PDE3 inhibition produced PKA-dependent changes in If both at rest and in response to βAR stimulation. Our results suggest that PDE3 and PDE4 isoforms create distinct cAMP signaling domains that differentially constrain access of cAMP to HCN channels and establish the requirement for PKA in signaling between βARs and HCN channels in SAMs.
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21
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Azuma Y, Zschoche R, Hilvert D. The C-terminal peptide of Aquifex aeolicus riboflavin synthase directs encapsulation of native and foreign guests by a cage-forming lumazine synthase. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:10321-10327. [PMID: 28515315 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.c117.790311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Revised: 05/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Encapsulation of specific enzymes in self-assembling protein cages is a hallmark of bacterial compartments that function as counterparts to eukaryotic organelles. The cage-forming enzyme lumazine synthase (LS) from Bacillus subtilis (BsLS), for example, encapsulates riboflavin synthase (BsRS), enabling channeling of lumazine from the site of its generation to the site of its conversion to vitamin B2 Elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying the assembly of these supramolecular complexes could help inform new approaches for metabolic engineering, nanotechnology, and drug delivery. To that end, we investigated a thermostable LS from Aquifex aeolicus (AaLS) and found that it also forms cage complexes with the cognate riboflavin synthase (AaRS) when both proteins are co-produced in the cytosol of Escherichia coli A 12-amino acid-long peptide at the C terminus of AaRS serves as a specific localization sequence responsible for targeting the guest to the protein compartment. Sequence comparisons suggested that analogous peptide segments likely direct RS complexation by LS cages in other bacterial species. Covalent fusion of this peptide tag to heterologous guest molecules led to their internalization into AaLS assemblies both in vivo and in vitro, providing a firm foundation for creating tailored biomimetic nanocompartments for medical and biotechnological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Azuma
- From the Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Reinhard Zschoche
- From the Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Donald Hilvert
- From the Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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22
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Draheim KM, Huet-Calderwood C, Simon B, Calderwood DA. Nuclear Localization of Integrin Cytoplasmic Domain-associated Protein-1 (ICAP1) Influences β1 Integrin Activation and Recruits Krev/Interaction Trapped-1 (KRIT1) to the Nucleus. J Biol Chem 2016; 292:1884-1898. [PMID: 28003363 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.762393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2016] [Revised: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Binding of ICAP1 (integrin cytoplasmic domain-associated protein-1) to the cytoplasmic tails of β1 integrins inhibits integrin activation. ICAP1 also binds to KRIT1 (Krev interaction trapped-1), a protein whose loss of function leads to cerebral cavernous malformation, a cerebrovascular dysplasia occurring in up to 0.5% of the population. We previously showed that KRIT1 functions as a switch for β1 integrin activation by antagonizing ICAP1-mediated inhibition of integrin activation. Here we use overexpression studies, mutagenesis, and flow cytometry to show that ICAP1 contains a functional nuclear localization signal and that nuclear localization impairs the ability of ICAP1 to suppress integrin activation. Moreover, we find that ICAP1 drives the nuclear localization of KRIT1 in a manner dependent upon a direct ICAP1/KRIT1 interaction. Thus, nuclear-cytoplasmic shuttling of ICAP1 influences both integrin activation and KRIT1 localization, presumably impacting nuclear functions of KRIT1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle M Draheim
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - Clotilde Huet-Calderwood
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - Bertrand Simon
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - David A Calderwood
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520; the Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520.
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23
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Dema A, Schröter MF, Perets E, Skroblin P, Moutty MC, Deàk VA, Birchmeier W, Klussmann E. The A-Kinase Anchoring Protein (AKAP) Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3β Interaction Protein (GSKIP) Regulates β-Catenin through Its Interactions with Both Protein Kinase A (PKA) and GSK3β. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:19618-30. [PMID: 27484798 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.738047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The A-kinase anchoring protein (AKAP) GSK3β interaction protein (GSKIP) is a cytosolic scaffolding protein binding protein kinase A (PKA) and glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β). Here we show that both the AKAP function of GSKIP, i.e. its direct interaction with PKA, and its direct interaction with GSK3β are required for the regulation of β-catenin and thus Wnt signaling. A cytoplasmic destruction complex targets β-catenin for degradation and thus prevents Wnt signaling. Wnt signals cause β-catenin accumulation and translocation into the nucleus, where it induces Wnt target gene expression. GSKIP facilitates control of the β-catenin stabilizing phosphorylation at Ser-675 by PKA. Its interaction with GSK3β facilitates control of the destabilizing phosphorylation of β-catenin at Ser-33/Ser-37/Thr-41. The influence of GSKIP on β-catenin is explained by its scavenger function; it recruits the kinases away from the destruction complex without forming a complex with β-catenin. The regulation of β-catenin by GSKIP is specific for this AKAP as AKAP220, which also binds PKA and GSK3β, did not affect Wnt signaling. We find that the binding domain of AKAP220 for GSK3β is a conserved GSK3β interaction domain (GID), which is also present in GSKIP. Our findings highlight an essential compartmentalization of both PKA and GSK3β by GSKIP, and ascribe a function to a cytosolic AKAP-PKA interaction as a regulatory factor in the control of canonical Wnt signaling. Wnt signaling controls different biological processes, including embryonic development, cell cycle progression, glycogen metabolism, and immune regulation; deregulation is associated with diseases such as cancer, type 2 diabetes, inflammatory, and Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Dema
- From the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Robert-Rössle-Strasse 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany and
| | - Micha Friedemann Schröter
- From the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Robert-Rössle-Strasse 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany and
| | - Ekaterina Perets
- From the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Robert-Rössle-Strasse 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany and
| | - Philipp Skroblin
- From the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Robert-Rössle-Strasse 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany and
| | - Marie Christine Moutty
- From the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Robert-Rössle-Strasse 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany and
| | - Veronika Anita Deàk
- From the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Robert-Rössle-Strasse 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany and
| | - Walter Birchmeier
- From the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Robert-Rössle-Strasse 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany and
| | - Enno Klussmann
- From the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Robert-Rössle-Strasse 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany and the DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, Oudenarder Strasse 16, 13347 Berlin, Germany
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24
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Abstract
Conventional structural and chemical biology approaches are applied to macromolecules extrapolated from their native context. When this is done, important structural and functional features of macromolecules, which depend on their native network of interactions within the cell, may be lost. In-cell nuclear magnetic resonance is a branch of biomolecular NMR spectroscopy that allows macromolecules to be analyzed in living cells, at the atomic level. In-cell NMR can be applied to several cellular systems to obtain biologically relevant structural and functional information. Here we summarize the existing approaches and focus on the applications to protein folding, interactions, and post-translational modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Luchinat
- From the Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM), the Department of Biomedical, Clinical and Experimental Sciences, and
| | - Lucia Banci
- From the Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM), the Department of Chemistry, University of Florence, Florence 50121, Italy
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25
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VanLinden MR, Dölle C, Pettersen IKN, Kulikova VA, Niere M, Agrimi G, Dyrstad SE, Palmieri F, Nikiforov AA, Tronstad KJ, Ziegler M. Subcellular Distribution of NAD+ between Cytosol and Mitochondria Determines the Metabolic Profile of Human Cells. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:27644-59. [PMID: 26432643 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.654129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The mitochondrial NAD pool is particularly important for the maintenance of vital cellular functions. Although at least in some fungi and plants, mitochondrial NAD is imported from the cytosol by carrier proteins, in mammals, the mechanism of how this organellar pool is generated has remained obscure. A transporter mediating NAD import into mammalian mitochondria has not been identified. In contrast, human recombinant NMNAT3 localizes to the mitochondrial matrix and is able to catalyze NAD(+) biosynthesis in vitro. However, whether the endogenous NMNAT3 protein is functionally effective at generating NAD(+) in mitochondria of intact human cells still remains to be demonstrated. To modulate mitochondrial NAD(+) content, we have expressed plant and yeast mitochondrial NAD(+) carriers in human cells and observed a profound increase in mitochondrial NAD(+). None of the closest human homologs of these carriers had any detectable effect on mitochondrial NAD(+) content. Surprisingly, constitutive redistribution of NAD(+) from the cytosol to the mitochondria by stable expression of the Arabidopsis thaliana mitochondrial NAD(+) transporter NDT2 in HEK293 cells resulted in dramatic growth retardation and a metabolic shift from oxidative phosphorylation to glycolysis, despite the elevated mitochondrial NAD(+) levels. These results suggest that a mitochondrial NAD(+) transporter, similar to the known one from A. thaliana, is likely absent and could even be harmful in human cells. We provide further support for the alternative possibility, namely intramitochondrial NAD(+) synthesis, by demonstrating the presence of endogenous NMNAT3 in the mitochondria of human cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Veronika A Kulikova
- the Institute of Nanobiotechnologies, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, 195251 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Marc Niere
- From the Departments of Molecular Biology and
| | - Gennaro Agrimi
- the Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics and
| | | | - Ferdinando Palmieri
- the Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics and the Center of Excellence in Comparative Genomics, University of Bari, 70125 Bari, Italy, and
| | - Andrey A Nikiforov
- the Institute of Nanobiotechnologies, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, 195251 St. Petersburg, Russia, the Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia
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26
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van Vliet LD, Colin PY, Hollfelder F. Bioinspired genotype-phenotype linkages: mimicking cellular compartmentalization for the engineering of functional proteins. Interface Focus 2015; 5:20150035. [PMID: 26464791 PMCID: PMC4590426 DOI: 10.1098/rsfs.2015.0035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The idea of compartmentalization of genotype and phenotype in cells is key for enabling Darwinian evolution. This contribution describes bioinspired systems that use in vitro compartments-water-in-oil droplets and gel-shell beads-for the directed evolution of functional proteins. Technologies based on these principles promise to provide easier access to protein-based therapeutics, reagents for processes involving enzyme catalysis, parts for synthetic biology and materials with biological components.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Florian Hollfelder
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, 80 Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1GA, UK
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27
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Jin Z, Bian F, Tomcik K, Kelleher JK, Zhang GF, Brunengraber H. Compartmentation of Metabolism of the C12-, C9-, and C5-n-dicarboxylates in Rat Liver, Investigated by Mass Isotopomer Analysis: ANAPLEROSIS FROM DODECANEDIOATE. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:18671-7. [PMID: 26070565 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.651737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the compartmentation of the catabolism of dodecanedioate (DODA), azelate, and glutarate in perfused rat livers, using a combination of metabolomics and mass isotopomer analyses. Livers were perfused with recirculating or nonrecirculating buffer containing one fully (13)C-labeled dicarboxylate. Information on the peroxisomal versus mitochondrial catabolism was gathered from the labeling patterns of acetyl-CoA proxies, i.e. total acetyl-CoA, the acetyl moiety of citrate, C-1 + 2 of β-hydroxybutyrate, malonyl-CoA, and acetylcarnitine. Additional information was obtained from the labeling patterns of citric acid cycle intermediates and related compounds. The data characterize the partial oxidation of DODA and azelate in peroxisomes, with terminal oxidation in mitochondria. We did not find evidence of peroxisomal oxidation of glutarate. Unexpectedly, DODA contributes a substantial fraction to anaplerosis of the citric acid cycle. This opens the possibility to use water-soluble DODA in nutritional or pharmacological anaplerotic therapy when other anaplerotic substrates are impractical or contraindicated, e.g. in propionic acidemia and methylmalonic acidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhicheng Jin
- From the Department of Nutrition, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106 and
| | - Fang Bian
- From the Department of Nutrition, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106 and
| | - Kristyen Tomcik
- From the Department of Nutrition, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106 and
| | - Joanne K Kelleher
- the Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
| | - Guo-Fang Zhang
- From the Department of Nutrition, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106 and
| | - Henri Brunengraber
- From the Department of Nutrition, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106 and
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