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Calub CA, Benyakorn S, Sun S, Iosif AM, Boyle LH, Solomon M, Hessl D, Schweitzer JB. Working Memory Training in Youth With Autism, Fragile X, and Intellectual Disability: A Pilot Study. Am J Intellect Dev Disabil 2022; 127:369-389. [PMID: 36018768 PMCID: PMC9915337 DOI: 10.1352/1944-7558-127.5.369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This pilot study sought to identify potential markers of improvement from pre-post treatment in response to computerized working memory (WM) training for youth (ages 8-18) with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and comorbid intellectual disability (ID) in a single arm, pre-post design. Participants included 26 children with ASD and 18 with comorbid ASD and fragile X syndrome (ASD+FXS). Analyses were adjusted for age and IQ. The ASD group demonstrated greater improvement on WM training relative to the ASD+FXS group. Participants improved on WM and far transfer outcomes, however, there were no significant group differences in improvement except for repetitive behavior. Higher hyperactivity/impulsivity ratings predicted lower performance on visuospatial WM. Findings suggest cognitive training may be beneficial for youth with ASD and ID, warranting further exploration.
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Tsolaki AC, Tsolaki M, Pandria N, Lazarou E, Gkatzima O, Zilidou V, Karagianni M, Iakovidou-Kritsi Z, Kimiskidis VK, Bamidis PD. Web-Based Intervention Effects on Mild Cognitive Impairment Based on Apolipoprotein E Genotype: Quasi-Experimental Study. J Med Internet Res 2020; 22:e14617. [PMID: 32379048 PMCID: PMC7243129 DOI: 10.2196/14617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 10/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 allele is a major genetic risk factor for Alzheimer disease and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Computer-based training programs can improve cognitive performance in elderly populations. However, the effects of computer-based interventions on MCI APOE ε4 carriers have never been studied before. OBJECTIVE The effects of different web-based interventions and the APOE isoform-specific differences in training outcomes are investigated. METHODS Using a quasi-experimental study design, 202 participants with MCI aged 60 years and older took part in three different intervention programs (physical and cognitive [Long-Lasting Memories, or LLM], cognitive [Active Control, or AC], or physical intervention [Physical Training Control, or PTC]) via an innovative information and communication technologies exergaming platform. Participants in each interventional group were subdivided into APOE ε4 carriers and non-APOE ε4 carriers. All participants underwent an extensive neuropsychological evaluation before and after the training, blood tests, and brain imaging. RESULTS All interventions resulted in multiple statistically significant cognitive benefits after the intervention. Verbal learning (California Verbal Learning Test: immediate recall test score-LLM: P=.04; AC: P<.001), working memory (digit span forward and backward test scores-AC: P=.03; PTC: P=.02 and P=.006, respectively), and long-term memory (California Verbal Learning Test: delayed recall test score-LLM: P=.02; AC: P=.002; and PTC: P=.02) were improved. There was no statistically significant difference among the intervention effects. APOE ε4 presence moderates intervention effects as the LLM intervention improved only their task-switching processing speed (Trail Making Test, Part B: P=.03) and the PTC intervention improved only the working memory (digit span backward: P=.03). No significant performance alteration was noted for the APOE ε4+ cognitive AC training group. CONCLUSIONS None of the applied interventions could be identified as the optimal one; it is suggested, however, that combined cognitive and physical training and physical training via exergaming may be more effective for the high-risk MCI ΑPOE ε4+ subgroup.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthoula C Tsolaki
- Medical Physics Laboratory, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.,Department of Neurology, Agios Pavlos General Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Magda Tsolaki
- 1st Department of Neurology, American Hellenic Educational Progressive Association Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Niki Pandria
- Medical Physics Laboratory, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Eftychia Lazarou
- 1st Department of Neurology, American Hellenic Educational Progressive Association Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Olymbia Gkatzima
- Panhellenic Institute of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Vasiliki Zilidou
- Medical Physics Laboratory, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Maria Karagianni
- Medical Physics Laboratory, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Zafiroula Iakovidou-Kritsi
- Laboratory of Medical Biology-Genetics Department, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Vasilios K Kimiskidis
- Laboratory of Clinical Neurophysiology, American Hellenic Educational Progressive Association Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Panagiotis D Bamidis
- Medical Physics Laboratory, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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Abstract
Aggressive and violent behavior, including both verbal and physical aggression, have considerable adverse consequences for people with schizophrenia. There are several potential causes of violent behavior on the part of people with severe mental illness, which include intellectual impairments, cognitive and social-cognitive deficits, skills deficits, substance abuse, antisocial features, and specific psychotic features. This review explores the interventions that have been tested to this date. Computerized Cognitive Training (CCT) or Computerized Social-Cognitive Training (CSCT) have been associated with reductions in violence. Combined CCT and CSCT have been found to improve social cognition and neurocognition, as well as everyday functioning when combined with rehabilitation interventions. These interventions have been shown to reduce violence in schizophrenia patients across multiple environments, including forensic settings. The reductions in violence and aggression have manifested in various ways, including reduced violent thinking and behavior, reduced physical and violent assaults, and reduced disruptive and aggressive behaviors. Effects of cognitive training may be associated with improvements in problem-solving and the increased ability to deploy alternative strategies. The effect of social cognition training on violence reduction appears to be direct, with improvements in violence related to the extent of improvement in social cognition. There are still remaining issues to be addressed in the use of CCT and CSCT, and the benefits should not be overstated; however, the results of these interventions are very promising.
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Reigal RE, González-Guirval F, Morillo-Baro JP, Morales-Sánchez V, Juárez-Ruiz de Mier R, Hernández-Mendo A. Effects of a Computerized Training on Attentional Capacity of Young Soccer Players. Front Psychol 2019; 10:2279. [PMID: 31695637 PMCID: PMC6816454 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this work was to analyze the effects of a computerized training on attentional capacity in a group of young soccer players. Seventy-five male adolescents from two soccer clubs in the city of Malaga (Spain) and aged between 14 and 18 (15.45 ± 1.43 years) participated in the investigation. A quasi-experimental design was used, and the adolescents were divided into control (n = 38) and experimental (n = 37) groups. The experimental group underwent a computerized training (Rejilla 1.0) of their attention during 9 weeks and 27 sessions. In addition, the D2 attention test was used to analyze the evolution of participants after the intervention program. The results showed positive effects of the computerized intervention program on selective attention, observing changes both in the executions of the software used (p < 0.001, Cohen's d = 1.58, 95% CI [1.06, 2.11]) and in the main measures of the D2 test, total effectiveness (p < 0.001, Cohen's d = 0.62, 95% CI [0.15, 1.08]) and concentration (p < 0.01, Cohen's d = 0.48, 95% CI [0.02, 0.94]).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Verónica Morales-Sánchez
- Department of Social Psychology, Social Work, Anthropology and East Asian Studies, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | | | - Antonio Hernández-Mendo
- Department of Social Psychology, Social Work, Anthropology and East Asian Studies, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain
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Matveeva MV, Samoilova YG, Zhukova NG, Ratkina KR, Yakimovich IY. [Different types of cognitive rehabilitation in patients with type 2 diabetes]. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2019; 119:12-17. [PMID: 31626165 DOI: 10.17116/jnevro201911908112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
AIM Diabetes mellitus (DM) type 2 leads to the progression of cognitive impairment. The authors compared different types of cognitive rehabilitation in patients with type 2 diabetes. MATERIAL AND METHODS One hundred and twenty patients with type 2 diabetes were examined and randomized into 4 groups: the computerized training group, the exercise therapy group, the akatinol memantine group and the control group. The duration of rehabilitation was 6 months. All patients underwent general clinical examination and neuropsychological testing. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION All patients had impaired cognitive functions, especially in visual-constructive skills, speech, abstraction, and memory. Treatment with akatinol memantine was most effective compared to computerized training and exercise therapy. With the exception of the control group, all groups, in particular the exercise therapy group, showed the improvement in carbohydrate metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- M V Matveeva
- Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, Russia
| | | | - N G Zhukova
- Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, Russia
| | - K R Ratkina
- Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, Russia
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Capodieci A, Re AM, Fracca A, Borella E, Carretti B. The efficacy of a training that combines activities on working memory and metacognition: Transfer and maintenance effects in children with ADHD and typical development. J Clin Exp Neuropsychol 2019; 41:1074-1087. [PMID: 31401917 DOI: 10.1080/13803395.2019.1651827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: It has been demonstrated that children with attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have impairments in working memory (WM), and particularly its visuospatial component, responsible for academic underachievement. Furthermore, children with ADHD have difficulty in metacognition, and consequently use inappropriate strategies to control attention and impulsive behavior. The aim of the present study was to devise a training that combined individual exercises on visuospatial WM and group metacognitive activities capable of helping children with ADHD to ameliorate their performance in executive functioning tasks, and to contain their inattentive and hyperactive/impulsive behavior. Method: A combined training that focused on visuospatial WM and metacognition was administered to 12 children with a diagnosis of ADHD and 15 typically-developing children. Tasks on executive functions and questionnaires for parents and teachers were administered before and at the end of the training, and one month after the post-test. Specific short- and long-term training gains and transfer effects were examined. Effects of the training on parents' and teachers' ratings were also considered. Results: Specific gains and transfer effects were found at the post-test and long-term assessments in both typically-developing children and those with ADHD. Parents' and teachers' ratings also indicated an improvement in the symptomatic behavior of children with ADHD. Conclusion: The results of this study have clinical and educational implications. A training that combines individual computerized visuospatial WM activities with metacognitive group reflection about useful strategies seems to produce promising results, helping children with ADHD to improve their executive functioning and behavioral problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnese Capodieci
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padua , Padua , Italy
| | - Anna Maria Re
- Department of Developmental and Education Psychology, University of Padua , Padua , Italy
| | - Alessandra Fracca
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padua , Padua , Italy
| | - Erika Borella
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padua , Padua , Italy
| | - Barbara Carretti
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padua , Padua , Italy
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Requena C, Rebok GW. Evaluating Successful Aging in Older People Who Participated in Computerized or Paper-and-Pencil Memory Training: The Memoria Mejor Program. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2019; 16:E191. [PMID: 30641891 PMCID: PMC6352145 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16020191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Revised: 12/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Background. The evaluation of successful aging includes objective criteria to measure cognitive function and psychological well-being and levels of functional capacity needed to perform daily activities related to the preservation of autonomy. In addition, the emergence of computerized cognitive training programs has allowed us to use a new class of tools to verify the theoretical postulates of neural plasticity in aging. Objective. The present study investigates subjective and objective criteria of successful aging in healthy older adults participating in a memory training program offered as two versions: computer and paper-and-pencil. Method. Fifty-four healthy older adult participants recruited for the study were organized into two training groups. Group 1 (G1) used the computer program and Group 2 (G2) used the paper-and-pencil program. Results. The analysis revealed no significant differences in psychological well-being between the two training groups. However, the groups did differ significantly in objective evaluations of successful aging, as measured by attention and everyday memory, and brain activity as measured by sLORETA, with G1 outperforming G2 on both measures. Conclusion. Computerized memory training programs show promise for restoring cognitive and cerebral functioning in older adults, and consequently, may be better suited to achieving the objective criteria of successful aging than paper-and-pencil memory training programs. However, this conclusion should be taken with caution since differences in age and educational level may have influenced the results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Requena
- Faculty of Education, University of Leon, 24071 Leon, Spain.
| | - George W Rebok
- Department of Mental Health and Center on Aging and Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.
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Farghaly WM, Ahmed MA, El-Tallawy HN, Elmestikawy TA, Badry R, Farghaly MS, Omar MS, Hussein ASR, Salamah M, Mohammed AT. Construction of an Arabic computerized battery for cognitive rehabilitation of children with specific learning disabilities. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2018; 14:2123-2131. [PMID: 30174425 PMCID: PMC6110296 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s155987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to design an Arabic computerized battery of cognitive skills for training children with specific learning disabilities (SLD). SUBJECTS AND METHODS Nineteen students from fourth grade primary schools in Assiut, Egypt, who were previously diagnosed with SLD, agreed to participate in the rehabilitation program. The study passed through four stages: first stage, detailed analysis of the cognitive profile of students with SLD (n=19), using a previously constructed diagnostic cognitive skill battery, to identify deficits in their cognitive skills; second stage, construction of an Arabic computerized battery for cognitive training of students with SLD; third stage, implementation of the constructed training program for the students, each tailored according to his/her previously diagnosed cognitive skill deficit/deficits; and fourth stage, post-training re-evaluation of academic achievement and cognitive skills' performance. RESULTS Students with SLD have a wide range of cognitive skill deficits, which are more frequent in auditory cognitive skills (68.4%) than in visual cognitive skills (64.1%), particularly in phonological awareness and auditory sequential memory (78.9%). Following implementation of the training program, there was a statistically significant increase (P<0.001) in the mean scores of total auditory and visual cognitive skills, as well as in academic achievement (P<0.001) of the study group. CONCLUSION Remediation-oriented diagnosis of cognitive skills, when tailored according to previously diagnosed cognitive deficits, leads to the improvement in learning abilities and academic achievement of students with SLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wafaa Ma Farghaly
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Ahmed
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Hamdy N El-Tallawy
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | | | - Reda Badry
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Mohammed Sh Farghaly
- Department of Educational Psychology, Faculty of Education, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Montaser S Omar
- Department of Educational Psychology, Faculty of Education, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Amr Sayed Ramadan Hussein
- Department of Hearing Disability, Faculty of Sciences of Special Needs, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt,
| | - Mohammed Salamah
- Department of Phoniatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Adel T Mohammed
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
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Barban F, Annicchiarico R, Pantelopoulos S, Federici A, Perri R, Fadda L, Carlesimo GA, Ricci C, Giuli S, Scalici F, Turchetta CS, Adriano F, Lombardi MG, Zaccarelli C, Cirillo G, Passuti S, Mattarelli P, Lymperopoulou O, Sakka P, Ntanasi E, Moliner R, Garcia-Palacios A, Caltagirone C. Protecting cognition from aging and Alzheimer's disease: a computerized cognitive training combined with reminiscence therapy. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2016. [PMID: 26205305 DOI: 10.1002/gps.4328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this paper was to assess the efficacy of process-based cognitive training (pb-CT) combined with reminiscence therapy (RT) in patients with mild Alzheimer's disease (mAD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and in healthy elderly (HE) subjects. METHODS This multicenter, randomized, controlled trial involved 348 participants with mAD, MCI, and HE from four European countries. Participants were randomly assigned to two arms of a crossover design: those in arm A underwent 3 months of computerized pb-CT for memory and executive functions combined with RT and 3 months of rest; those in arm B underwent the reverse. The primary outcome was the effect of the training on memory and executive functions performance. The secondary outcome was the effect of the training on functional abilities in mAD assessed with the instrumental activities of daily living. RESULTS We found a significant effect of the training for memory in all three groups on delayed recall of the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test and for executive functions in HE on the phonological fluency test. MCI and HE participants maintained these effects at follow-up. MCI and mAD participants also showed a significant effect of the training on the Mini-mental state examination scale. Participants with mAD showed more stable instrumental activities of daily living during the training versus the rest period. CONCLUSIONS Our results corroborate the positive effect of pb-CT and its maintenance primarily on memory in HE and MCI participants that did not seem to be potentiated by RT. Moreover, our results are very promising for the mAD participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Barban
- Clinical and Behavioral Neurology Laboratory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberta Annicchiarico
- Clinical and Behavioral Neurology Laboratory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Alessia Federici
- Clinical and Behavioral Neurology Laboratory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberta Perri
- Clinical and Behavioral Neurology Laboratory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Lucia Fadda
- Clinical and Behavioral Neurology Laboratory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Augusto Carlesimo
- Clinical and Behavioral Neurology Laboratory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy.,Department of "Medicina dei Sistemi", University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Claudia Ricci
- Clinical and Behavioral Neurology Laboratory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Simone Giuli
- Clinical and Behavioral Neurology Laboratory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Scalici
- Clinical and Behavioral Neurology Laboratory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Fulvia Adriano
- Clinical and Behavioral Neurology Laboratory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Eva Ntanasi
- Hygeia Diagnostic and Therapeutic Center, Athens, Greece
| | | | | | - Carlo Caltagirone
- Clinical and Behavioral Neurology Laboratory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy.,Department of "Medicina dei Sistemi", University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
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Abstract
PURPOSE Patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) show inefficiencies in cognitive performance including working memory functions. Since these problems impact on quality of life and overall well-being, the current study was aimed at improving patients' situations by evaluating the computerized cognitive training tool, BrainStim. METHOD A total of 19 healthy controls (HCs) and six patients with PD were included in the study. While all PD patients received cognitive training, the HC sample was subdivided into 12 subjects with training (HC-T) and 10 subjects without (HC-NT). Participants underwent a double baseline assessment, a post-training assessment, and a 3-month follow up on neuropsychological tests and self-report measures on fatigue and depression. Training was administered between the second baseline and postassessment. It comprised 16 supervised sessions according to a standardized training protocol over 4 weeks. RESULTS Significant improvements in verbal and visuospatial short-term and long-term memory were found in both training groups. In addition, the HC-T improved on mental speed, and verbal and visuospatial working memory. Both training groups showed stable results for all short-term visuospatial measures after 3 months. Further, the HC-T showed stable results for working memory, verbal, and visuospatial short-term and long-term memory. CONCLUSIONS The efficacy of the applied computerized cognitive training tool BrainStim could be verified in patients with PD and healthy age-matched controls. The preliminary findings highlighted the suitability of a specific cognitive intervention to improve cognitive inefficiencies in patients with PD as well as in healthy older people. Further research on cognitive training in combination with PD drug therapy is needed to better understand the mutual interaction and to offer optimal therapeutic approaches to patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Adamski
- Department of Cognitive Psychology and Methodology, University of Basel, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Adler
- Department of Cognitive Psychology and Methodology, University of Basel, Switzerland
| | - Klaus Opwis
- Department of Cognitive Psychology and Methodology, University of Basel, Switzerland
| | - Iris-Katharina Penner
- COGITO Center for Applied Neurocognition and Neuropsychological Research and Neurology Department, University Hospital, Merowingerplatz 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
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Cox LE, Ashford JM, Clark KN, Martin-Elbahesh K, Hardy KK, Merchant TE, Ogg RJ, Jeha S, Willard VW, Huang L, Zhang H, Conklin HM. Feasibility and acceptability of a remotely administered computerized intervention to address cognitive late effects among childhood cancer survivors. Neurooncol Pract 2015; 2:78-87. [PMID: 27054041 DOI: 10.1093/nop/npu036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood cancer survivors frequently develop working memory (WM) deficits as a result of disease and treatment. Medication-based and therapist-delivered interventions are promising but have limitations. Computerized interventions completed at home may be more appealing for survivors. We evaluated the feasibility and acceptability of a remotely administered, computerized WM intervention (Cogmed) for pediatric cancer survivors using a single-blind, randomized, wait-list control design. METHODS Of 80 qualifying patients, 12 were excluded or declined to participate. Participants randomized to intervention (n = 34/68) included survivors of childhood brain tumors (32%) or acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL; 68%) between the ages of 8 and 16 years ([Formula: see text] = 12.2) who were at least 1 year post therapy ([Formula: see text] = 5.0). The majority of brain tumor participants were treated with cranial radiation therapy (72.7%), whereas most of the ALL participants were treated with chemotherapy only (87%). Participants completed 25 WM training sessions over 5-9 weeks at home with weekly phone-based coaching. RESULTS Participants lived in 16 states. Compliance was strong, with 30 of the 34 participants (88%) completing intervention. Almost all participants completed pre- and postintervention neuroimaging exams (91% and 93%, respectively). Families had the necessary skills to utilize the computer program successfully. Caregivers reported they were generally able to find time to complete training (63%), viewed training as beneficial (70%), and would recommend this intervention to others (93%). CONCLUSIONS Cogmed is a feasible and acceptable intervention for childhood cancer survivors. It is a viable option for survivors who do not live in close proximity to cancer care centers. Efficacy and neural correlates of change are currently being evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren E Cox
- Department of Psychology , St Jude Children's Research Hospital , Memphis, Tennessee (L.E.C., J.M.A., K.N.C., K.M-E., V.W.W., H.M.C.); Division of Radiation Oncology , St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee (T.E.M.); Division of Translational Imaging Research , St Jude Children's Research Hospital , Memphis, Tennessee (R.J.O.); Department of Oncology , St Jude Children's Research Hospital , Memphis, Tennessee (S.J.); Department of Biostatistics , St Jude Children's Research Hospital , Memphis, Tennessee (L.H., H.Z.); Center for Neuroscience and Behavioral Medicine , Neuropsychology Division, Children's National Medical Center , Washington, DC (K.K.H.); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science , George Washington University School of Medicine , Washington, DC (K.K.H)
| | - Jason M Ashford
- Department of Psychology , St Jude Children's Research Hospital , Memphis, Tennessee (L.E.C., J.M.A., K.N.C., K.M-E., V.W.W., H.M.C.); Division of Radiation Oncology , St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee (T.E.M.); Division of Translational Imaging Research , St Jude Children's Research Hospital , Memphis, Tennessee (R.J.O.); Department of Oncology , St Jude Children's Research Hospital , Memphis, Tennessee (S.J.); Department of Biostatistics , St Jude Children's Research Hospital , Memphis, Tennessee (L.H., H.Z.); Center for Neuroscience and Behavioral Medicine , Neuropsychology Division, Children's National Medical Center , Washington, DC (K.K.H.); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science , George Washington University School of Medicine , Washington, DC (K.K.H)
| | - Kellie N Clark
- Department of Psychology , St Jude Children's Research Hospital , Memphis, Tennessee (L.E.C., J.M.A., K.N.C., K.M-E., V.W.W., H.M.C.); Division of Radiation Oncology , St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee (T.E.M.); Division of Translational Imaging Research , St Jude Children's Research Hospital , Memphis, Tennessee (R.J.O.); Department of Oncology , St Jude Children's Research Hospital , Memphis, Tennessee (S.J.); Department of Biostatistics , St Jude Children's Research Hospital , Memphis, Tennessee (L.H., H.Z.); Center for Neuroscience and Behavioral Medicine , Neuropsychology Division, Children's National Medical Center , Washington, DC (K.K.H.); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science , George Washington University School of Medicine , Washington, DC (K.K.H)
| | - Karen Martin-Elbahesh
- Department of Psychology , St Jude Children's Research Hospital , Memphis, Tennessee (L.E.C., J.M.A., K.N.C., K.M-E., V.W.W., H.M.C.); Division of Radiation Oncology , St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee (T.E.M.); Division of Translational Imaging Research , St Jude Children's Research Hospital , Memphis, Tennessee (R.J.O.); Department of Oncology , St Jude Children's Research Hospital , Memphis, Tennessee (S.J.); Department of Biostatistics , St Jude Children's Research Hospital , Memphis, Tennessee (L.H., H.Z.); Center for Neuroscience and Behavioral Medicine , Neuropsychology Division, Children's National Medical Center , Washington, DC (K.K.H.); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science , George Washington University School of Medicine , Washington, DC (K.K.H)
| | - Kristina K Hardy
- Department of Psychology , St Jude Children's Research Hospital , Memphis, Tennessee (L.E.C., J.M.A., K.N.C., K.M-E., V.W.W., H.M.C.); Division of Radiation Oncology , St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee (T.E.M.); Division of Translational Imaging Research , St Jude Children's Research Hospital , Memphis, Tennessee (R.J.O.); Department of Oncology , St Jude Children's Research Hospital , Memphis, Tennessee (S.J.); Department of Biostatistics , St Jude Children's Research Hospital , Memphis, Tennessee (L.H., H.Z.); Center for Neuroscience and Behavioral Medicine , Neuropsychology Division, Children's National Medical Center , Washington, DC (K.K.H.); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science , George Washington University School of Medicine , Washington, DC (K.K.H)
| | - Thomas E Merchant
- Department of Psychology , St Jude Children's Research Hospital , Memphis, Tennessee (L.E.C., J.M.A., K.N.C., K.M-E., V.W.W., H.M.C.); Division of Radiation Oncology , St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee (T.E.M.); Division of Translational Imaging Research , St Jude Children's Research Hospital , Memphis, Tennessee (R.J.O.); Department of Oncology , St Jude Children's Research Hospital , Memphis, Tennessee (S.J.); Department of Biostatistics , St Jude Children's Research Hospital , Memphis, Tennessee (L.H., H.Z.); Center for Neuroscience and Behavioral Medicine , Neuropsychology Division, Children's National Medical Center , Washington, DC (K.K.H.); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science , George Washington University School of Medicine , Washington, DC (K.K.H)
| | - Robert J Ogg
- Department of Psychology , St Jude Children's Research Hospital , Memphis, Tennessee (L.E.C., J.M.A., K.N.C., K.M-E., V.W.W., H.M.C.); Division of Radiation Oncology , St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee (T.E.M.); Division of Translational Imaging Research , St Jude Children's Research Hospital , Memphis, Tennessee (R.J.O.); Department of Oncology , St Jude Children's Research Hospital , Memphis, Tennessee (S.J.); Department of Biostatistics , St Jude Children's Research Hospital , Memphis, Tennessee (L.H., H.Z.); Center for Neuroscience and Behavioral Medicine , Neuropsychology Division, Children's National Medical Center , Washington, DC (K.K.H.); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science , George Washington University School of Medicine , Washington, DC (K.K.H)
| | - Sima Jeha
- Department of Psychology , St Jude Children's Research Hospital , Memphis, Tennessee (L.E.C., J.M.A., K.N.C., K.M-E., V.W.W., H.M.C.); Division of Radiation Oncology , St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee (T.E.M.); Division of Translational Imaging Research , St Jude Children's Research Hospital , Memphis, Tennessee (R.J.O.); Department of Oncology , St Jude Children's Research Hospital , Memphis, Tennessee (S.J.); Department of Biostatistics , St Jude Children's Research Hospital , Memphis, Tennessee (L.H., H.Z.); Center for Neuroscience and Behavioral Medicine , Neuropsychology Division, Children's National Medical Center , Washington, DC (K.K.H.); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science , George Washington University School of Medicine , Washington, DC (K.K.H)
| | - Victoria W Willard
- Department of Psychology , St Jude Children's Research Hospital , Memphis, Tennessee (L.E.C., J.M.A., K.N.C., K.M-E., V.W.W., H.M.C.); Division of Radiation Oncology , St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee (T.E.M.); Division of Translational Imaging Research , St Jude Children's Research Hospital , Memphis, Tennessee (R.J.O.); Department of Oncology , St Jude Children's Research Hospital , Memphis, Tennessee (S.J.); Department of Biostatistics , St Jude Children's Research Hospital , Memphis, Tennessee (L.H., H.Z.); Center for Neuroscience and Behavioral Medicine , Neuropsychology Division, Children's National Medical Center , Washington, DC (K.K.H.); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science , George Washington University School of Medicine , Washington, DC (K.K.H)
| | - Lu Huang
- Department of Psychology , St Jude Children's Research Hospital , Memphis, Tennessee (L.E.C., J.M.A., K.N.C., K.M-E., V.W.W., H.M.C.); Division of Radiation Oncology , St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee (T.E.M.); Division of Translational Imaging Research , St Jude Children's Research Hospital , Memphis, Tennessee (R.J.O.); Department of Oncology , St Jude Children's Research Hospital , Memphis, Tennessee (S.J.); Department of Biostatistics , St Jude Children's Research Hospital , Memphis, Tennessee (L.H., H.Z.); Center for Neuroscience and Behavioral Medicine , Neuropsychology Division, Children's National Medical Center , Washington, DC (K.K.H.); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science , George Washington University School of Medicine , Washington, DC (K.K.H)
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Psychology , St Jude Children's Research Hospital , Memphis, Tennessee (L.E.C., J.M.A., K.N.C., K.M-E., V.W.W., H.M.C.); Division of Radiation Oncology , St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee (T.E.M.); Division of Translational Imaging Research , St Jude Children's Research Hospital , Memphis, Tennessee (R.J.O.); Department of Oncology , St Jude Children's Research Hospital , Memphis, Tennessee (S.J.); Department of Biostatistics , St Jude Children's Research Hospital , Memphis, Tennessee (L.H., H.Z.); Center for Neuroscience and Behavioral Medicine , Neuropsychology Division, Children's National Medical Center , Washington, DC (K.K.H.); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science , George Washington University School of Medicine , Washington, DC (K.K.H)
| | - Heather M Conklin
- Department of Psychology , St Jude Children's Research Hospital , Memphis, Tennessee (L.E.C., J.M.A., K.N.C., K.M-E., V.W.W., H.M.C.); Division of Radiation Oncology , St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee (T.E.M.); Division of Translational Imaging Research , St Jude Children's Research Hospital , Memphis, Tennessee (R.J.O.); Department of Oncology , St Jude Children's Research Hospital , Memphis, Tennessee (S.J.); Department of Biostatistics , St Jude Children's Research Hospital , Memphis, Tennessee (L.H., H.Z.); Center for Neuroscience and Behavioral Medicine , Neuropsychology Division, Children's National Medical Center , Washington, DC (K.K.H.); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science , George Washington University School of Medicine , Washington, DC (K.K.H)
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Hosseini SMH, Kramer JH, Kesler SR. Neural correlates of cognitive intervention in persons at risk of developing Alzheimer's disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2014; 6:231. [PMID: 25206335 PMCID: PMC4143724 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2014.00231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2014] [Accepted: 08/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Cognitive training is an emergent approach that has begun to receive increased attention in recent years as a non-pharmacological, cost-effective intervention for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). There has been increasing behavioral evidence regarding training-related improvement in cognitive performance in early stages of AD. Although these studies provide important insight about the efficacy of cognitive training, neuroimaging studies are crucial to pinpoint changes in brain structure and function associated with training and to examine their overlap with pathology in AD. In this study, we reviewed the existing neuroimaging studies on cognitive training in persons at risk of developing AD to provide an overview of the overlap between neural networks rehabilitated by the current training methods and those affected in AD. The data suggest a consistent training-related increase in brain activity in medial temporal, prefrontal, and posterior default mode networks, as well as increase in gray matter structure in frontoparietal and entorhinal regions. This pattern differs from the observed pattern in healthy older adults that shows a combination of increased and decreased activity in response to training. Detailed investigation of the data suggests that training in persons at risk of developing AD mainly improves compensatory mechanisms and partly restores the affected functions. While current neuroimaging studies are quite helpful in identifying the mechanisms underlying cognitive training, the data calls for future multi-modal neuroimaging studies with focus on multi-domain cognitive training, network level connectivity, and individual differences in response to training.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Hadi Hosseini
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Joel H Kramer
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Shelli R Kesler
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford, CA, USA ; Stanford Cancer Institute Palo Alto, CA, USA
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Abstract
The primary objective of this review article is to summarize how the neuroscience of brain plasticity, exploiting new findings in fundamental, integrative and cognitive neuroscience, is changing the therapeutic landscape for professional communities addressing brain-based disorders and disease. After considering the neurological bases of training-driven neuroplasticity, we shall describe how this neuroscience-guided perspective distinguishes this new approach from (a) the more-behavioral, traditional clinical strategies of professional therapy practitioners, and (b) an even more widely applied pharmaceutical treatment model for neurological and psychiatric treatment domains. With that background, we shall argue that neuroplasticity-based treatments will be an important part of future best-treatment practices in neurological and psychiatric medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thomas M Van Vleet
- Posit Science Corporation San Francisco, CA, USA ; Medical Research, Department of Veteran Affairs Martinez, CA, USA
| | - Mor Nahum
- Posit Science Corporation San Francisco, CA, USA ; Department of Optometry, University of California at Berkeley Berkeley, CA, USA
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14
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Abstract
In recent years, research on experience-dependent plasticity has provided valuable insight on adaptation to environmental input across the lifespan, and advances in understanding the minute cellular changes underlying the brain's capacity for self-reorganization have opened exciting new possibilities for treating illness and injury. Ongoing work in this line of inquiry has also come to deeply influence another field: cognitive neuroscience of the normal aging. This complex process, once considered inevitable or beyond the reach of treatment, has been transformed into an arena of intense investigation and strategic intervention. However, important questions remain about this characterization of the aging brain, and the assumptions it makes about the social, cultural, and biological space occupied by cognition in the older individual and body. The following paper will provide a critical examination of the move from basic experiments on the neurophysiology of experience-dependent plasticity to the growing market for (and public conception of) cognitive aging as a medicalized space for intervention by neuroscience-backed technologies. Entangled with changing concepts of normality, pathology, and self-preservation, we will argue that this new understanding, led by personalized cognitive training strategies, is approaching a point where interdisciplinary research is crucial to provide a holistic and nuanced understanding of the aging process. This new outlook will allow us to move forward in a space where our knowledge, like our new conception of the brain, is never static.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constance Holman
- Medical Neurosciences Program, Charité UniversitätsmedizinBerlin, Germany
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Nahum M, Fisher M, Loewy R, Poelke G, Ventura J, Nuechterlein KH, Hooker CI, Green MF, Merzenich M, Vinogradov S. A novel, online social cognitive training program for young adults with schizophrenia: A pilot study. Schizophr Res Cogn 2014; 1:e11-e19. [PMID: 25267937 DOI: 10.1016/j.scog.2014.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pervasive social cognition deficits are evident early in the course of schizophrenia and are directly linked to functional outcome, making them an important target for intervention. Here, we tested the feasibility of use, and initiated the evaluation of efficacy, of a novel, neuroplasticity-based online training program (SocialVille) in young adults with schizophrenia. METHODS Schizophrenia patients (n=17) completed 24 hours of online SocialVille game play either from home or at a clinic, over a 6-10 week period. We examined training feasibility, gains on the SocialVille exercises relative to matched healthy controls (n=17), and changes on measures of social cognition, social functioning, global functioning and motivation. RESULTS Subjects adhered to training requirements, and rated SocialVille in the medium to high range in satisfaction, enjoyment, and ease of use. Subjects demonstrated significant, large improvements on the speeded SocialVille tasks, and small to moderate improvements on the working memory tasks. Post-training performance on the SocialVille tasks were similar to initial performance of the healthy controls. Subjects also showed improvements on standard measures of social cognition, social functioning, and motivation. No improvements were recorded for emotion recognition indices on the MSCEIT, or on quality of life scales. CONCLUSION This study provides an initial proof of concept for online social cognition training in schizophrenia. This form of training demonstrated feasibility and resulted in within-subject gains in social functioning and motivation. This pilot study represents a first step towards validating this training approach; randomized controlled trials, now underway, are designed to confirm and extend these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mor Nahum
- Posit Science, 77 Geary St., Suite 303, San Francisco, CA 94108 ; Department of Optometry, University of California, Berkeley, 487 Minor Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720
| | - Melissa Fisher
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco ; San Francisco Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 4150 Clement St., San Francisco, CA 94121
| | - Rachel Loewy
- San Francisco Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 4150 Clement St., San Francisco, CA 94121
| | - Gina Poelke
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco ; San Francisco Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 4150 Clement St., San Francisco, CA 94121
| | - Joseph Ventura
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, 300 UCLA Medical Plaza, LA, CA 90095
| | - Keith H Nuechterlein
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, 300 UCLA Medical Plaza, LA, CA 90095 ; Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles
| | - Christine I Hooker
- Department of Psychology, Harvard University, William James Hall 1020, 33 Kirkland St., Cambridge, MA 02138
| | - Michael F Green
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, 300 UCLA Medical Plaza, LA, CA 90095 ; VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, 11301 Wilshire Blvd., LA CA 90073 ( )
| | - Mike Merzenich
- Posit Science, 77 Geary St., Suite 303, San Francisco, CA 94108
| | - Sophia Vinogradov
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco ; San Francisco Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 4150 Clement St., San Francisco, CA 94121
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