Dynamic phosphocreatine imaging with unlocalized pH assessment of the human lower leg muscle following exercise at 3T

PURPOSE

To develop a high temporal resolution imaging method that measures muscle-specific phosphocreatine (PCr) resynthesis time constant (τ_PCr ) and pH changes in muscles of the lower leg following exercise on a clinical 3T MRI scanner.

METHODS

We developed a frequency-selective 3D non-Cartesian FLORET sequence to measure PCr with 17-mm nominal isotropic resolution (28 mm actual resolution) and 6-s temporal resolution to capture dynamic metabolic muscle activity. The sequence was designed to additionally collect inorganic phosphate spectra for pH quantification, which were localized using sensitivity profiles of individual coil elements. Nineteen healthy volunteers were scanned while performing a plantar flexion exercise on an in-house developed ergometer. Data were acquired with a dual-tuned multichannel coil array that enabled phosphorus imaging and proton localization for muscle segmentation.

RESULTS

After a 90-s plantar flexion exercise at 0.66 Hz with resistance set to 40% of the maximum voluntary contraction, τ_PCr was estimated at 22.9 ± 8.8 s (mean ± standard deviation) with statistical coefficient of determination r²  = 0.89 ± 0.05. The corresponding pH values after exercise were in the range of 6.9-7.1 in the gastrocnemius muscle.

CONCLUSION

The developed technique allows measurement of muscle-specific PCr resynthesis kinetics and pH changes following exercise, with a temporal resolution and accuracy comparable to that of single voxel ³¹ P-MRS sequences. Magn Reson Med 79:974-980, 2018. © 2017 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.