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Edwards AC, Stalnecker CA, Morales AJ, Taylor KE, Klomp JE, Klomp JA, Waters AM, Sudhakar N, Hallin J, Tang TT, Olson P, Post L, Christensen JG, Cox AD, Der CJ. TEAD Inhibition Overcomes YAP1/TAZ-Driven Primary and Acquired Resistance to KRASG12C Inhibitors. Cancer Res 2023; 83:4112-4129. [PMID: 37934103 PMCID: PMC10821578 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-23-2994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Primary/intrinsic and treatment-induced acquired resistance limit the initial response rate to and long-term efficacy of direct inhibitors of the KRASG12C mutant in cancer. To identify potential mechanisms of resistance, we applied a CRISPR/Cas9 loss-of-function screen and observed loss of multiple components of the Hippo tumor suppressor pathway, which acts to suppress YAP1/TAZ-regulated gene transcription. YAP1/TAZ activation impaired the antiproliferative and proapoptotic effects of KRASG12C inhibitor (G12Ci) treatment in KRASG12C-mutant cancer cell lines. Conversely, genetic suppression of YAP1/WWTR1 (TAZ) enhanced G12Ci sensitivity. YAP1/TAZ activity overcame KRAS dependency through two distinct TEAD transcription factor-dependent mechanisms, which phenocopy KRAS effector signaling. First, TEAD stimulated ERK-independent transcription of genes normally regulated by ERK (BIRC5, CDC20, ECT2, FOSL1, and MYC) to promote progression through the cell cycle. Second, TEAD caused activation of PI3K-AKT-mTOR signaling to overcome apoptosis. G12Ci treatment-induced acquired resistance was also caused by YAP1/TAZ-TEAD activation. Accordingly, concurrent treatment with pharmacologic inhibitors of TEAD synergistically enhanced KRASG12C inhibitor antitumor activity in vitro and prolonged tumor suppression in vivo. In summary, these observations reveal YAP1/TAZ-TEAD signaling as a crucial driver of primary and acquired resistance to KRAS inhibition and support the use of TEAD inhibitors to enhance the antitumor efficacy of KRAS-targeted therapies. SIGNIFICANCE YAP1/TAZ-TEAD activation compensates for loss of KRAS effector signaling, establishing a mechanistic basis for concurrent inhibition of TEAD to enhance the efficacy of KRASG12C-selective inhibitor treatment of KRASG12C-mutant cancers. See related commentary by Johnson and Haigis, p. 4005.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Cole Edwards
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Clint A. Stalnecker
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Alexis Jean Morales
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Khalilah E. Taylor
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Jennifer E. Klomp
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Jeffrey A. Klomp
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Andrew M. Waters
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | | | - Jill Hallin
- Mirati Therapeutics, Inc., San Diego, California
| | | | - Peter Olson
- Mirati Therapeutics, Inc., San Diego, California
| | - Leonard Post
- Vivace Therapeutics, Inc., San Mateo, California
| | | | - Adrienne D. Cox
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Channing J. Der
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
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Boonruang K, Kim I, Kwag C, Ryu J, Baek SJ. Quercetin induces dual specificity phosphatase 5 via serum response factor. BMB Rep 2023; 56:508-513. [PMID: 37291053 PMCID: PMC10547973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The phytochemical quercetin has gained attention for its antiinflammatory and anti-tumorigenic properties in various types of cancer. Tumorigenesis involves the aberrant regulation of kinase/phosphatase, highlighting the importance of maintaining homeostasis. Dual Specificity Phosphatase (DUSP) plays a crucial role in controlling the phosphorylation of ERK. The current study aimed to clone the DUSP5 promoter, and investigate its transcriptional activity in the presence of quercetin. The results revealed that quercetin-induced DUSP5 expression is associated with the serum response factor (SRF) binding site located in the DUSP5 promoter. The deletion of this site abolished the luciferase activity induced by quercetin, indicating its vital role in quercetin-induced DUSP5 expression. SRF protein is a transcription factor that potentially contributes to quercetin-induced DUSP5 expression at the transcriptional level. Additionally, quercetin enhanced SRF binding activity without changing its expression. These findings provide evidence of how quercetin affects anti-cancer activity in colorectal tumorigenesis by inducing SRF transcription factor activity, thereby increasing DUSP5 expression at the transcriptional level. This study highlights the importance of investigating the molecular mechanisms underlying the anti-cancer properties of quercetin, and suggests its potential use in cancer therapy. [BMB Reports 2023; 56(9): 508-513].
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanokkan Boonruang
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Ilju Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Chaeyoung Kwag
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Junsun Ryu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Center for Thyroid Cancer, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Korea
| | - Seung Joon Baek
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
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Wang Y, Yuan S, Ma J, Liu H, Huang L, Zhang F. Substance P is overexpressed in cervical squamous cell carcinoma and promoted proliferation and invasion of cervical cancer cells <em>in vitro</em>. Eur J Histochem 2023; 67:3746. [PMID: 37522867 PMCID: PMC10476533 DOI: 10.4081/ejh.2023.3746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the expression and function of substance P in cervical squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer tissues and adjacent tissues of 20 patients with cervical squamous cell carcinoma in our hospital were collected. The expression of substance P was detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blot analysis. Cervical squamous cell carcinoma line SiHa was treated with different concentrations of substance P. The proliferation of SiHa cells was detected by EdU assay, and the invasion ability of SiHa cells was detected by transwell assay. The phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and the expression of MMP9 were detected by Western blot analysis. The results showed that substance P was expressed in the cytoplasm and some cell membranes of cervical squamous cell carcinoma cells. The expression of substance P in cervical cancer tissues was significantly higher than that in the adjacent tissues. Compared with the control group, substance P significantly promoted the proliferation and invasion of SiHa cells in a concentration dependent manner and activated the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and upregulated the expression of MMP9 in SiHa cells. In conclusion, substance P is highly expressed in cervical squamous cell carcinoma and can promote cervical cancer cell proliferation and invasion. The mechanism is related to the activation of ERK1/2 pathway to upregulate MMP9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Department of Gynecology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang.
| | - Shifa Yuan
- Department of General Surgery, Hospital of Hebei Province Crop of Chinese Armed Police Force, Shijiazhuang.
| | - Jing Ma
- Department of Gynecology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang.
| | - Hong Liu
- Department of Gynecology Oncology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang.
| | - Lizhen Huang
- Department of Gynecology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang.
| | - Fengzhen Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang.
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Ma Y, Du Y, Yang J, He Q, Wang H, Lin X. Anti-inflammatory effect of Irisin on LPS-stimulated macrophages through inhibition of MAPK pathway. Physiol Res 2023; 72:235-249. [PMID: 37159857 PMCID: PMC10226406 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.934937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effect of irisin on LPS-induced inflammation in RAW 264.7 macrophages through inhibition of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. A network pharmacology-based approach, combined with molecular docking and in vitro validation were performed to identify the biological activity, key targets, and potential pharmacological mechanisms of irisin against LPS-induced inflammation. By matching 100 potential genes of irisin with 1893 ulcerative colitis (UC) related genes, 51 common genes were obtained. Using protein-protein interaction networks (PPI) and component-target network analysis,10 core genes of irisin on UC were further identified. The results of gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis showed that the molecular mechanisms of irisin on UC were mainly related to major enrichment in the categories of response to xenobiotic stimulus, response to the drug, and negative regulation of gene expression. Molecular docking results showed good binding activity for almost all core component targets. More importantly, MTT assay and flow cytometry results showed that LPS-induced cytotoxicity was reversed by irisin, after coincubation with irisin, the level of IL-12 and IL-23 decreased in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages. Irisin pretreatment significantly inhibited the phosphorylation of ERK and AKT and increased the expression of PPAR alpha and PPAR gamma. LPS-induced enhancement of phagocytosis and cell clearance were reversed by irisin pretreatment. Irisin ameliorated LPS-induced inflammation by inhibiting cytotoxicity and apoptosis, and this protective effect may be mediated through the MAPK pathway. These findings confirmed our prediction that irisin plays an anti-inflammatory role in LPS-induced inflammation via the MAPK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Ma
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, China.
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Maadi H, Wang Z. A Novel Mechanism Underlying the Inhibitory Effects of Trastuzumab on the Growth of HER2-Positive Breast Cancer Cells. Cells 2022; 11. [PMID: 36552857 DOI: 10.3390/cells11244093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
To improve the efficacy of trastuzumab, it is essential to understand its mechanism of action. One of the significant issues that makes it difficult to determine the precise mechanism of trastuzumab action is the formation of various HER receptor dimers in HER2-positive breast cancer cells. So far, studies have focused on the role of HER2-HER3 heterodimers, and little is known regarding EGFR-HER2 heterodimers. Here, we study the role of trastuzumab on the cell signaling and cell proliferation mediated by EGFR-HER2 heterodimers in BT474 and SRBR3 cells. EGF stimulates the formation of both EGFR homodimer and EGFR-HER2 heterodimer. Trastuzumab only binds to HER2, not EGFR. Therefore, any effects of trastuzumab on EGF-induced activation of EGFR, HER2, and downstream signaling proteins, as well as cell proliferation, are through its effects on EGFR-HER2 heterodimers. We show that trastuzumab inhibits EGF-induced cell proliferation and cell cycle progression in BT474 and SKBR3 cells. Interestingly trastuzumab strongly inhibits EGF-induced Akt phosphorylation and slightly inhibits EGF-induced Erk activation, in both BT474 and SKBR3 cells. These data suggest the presence of a novel mechanism that allows trastuzumab to inhibit EGR-induced Akt activation and cell proliferation, without blocking EGF-induced EGFR-HER2 heterodimerization and activation. We show that trastuzumab inhibits EGF-induced lipid raft localization of the EGFR-HER2 heterodimer. Disruption of the lipid raft with MβCD blocks HER2-mediated AKT activation in a similar way to trastuzumab. MβCD and trastuzumab synergically inhibit AKT activation. We conclude that trastuzumab inhibits EGF-induced lipid raft localization of EGFR-HER2 heterodimer, which leads to the inhibition of Akt phosphorylation and cell proliferation, without blocking the formation and phosphorylation of the EGFR-HER2 heterodimer.
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Conroy M, Cowzer D, Kolch W, Duffy AG. Emerging RAS-directed therapies for cancer. Cancer Drug Resist 2022; 4:543-558. [PMID: 35582302 PMCID: PMC9094076 DOI: 10.20517/cdr.2021.07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
RAS oncogenes are the most commonly mutated oncogenes in human cancer, and RAS-mutant cancers represent a major burden of human disease. Though these oncogenes were discovered decades ago, recent years have seen major advances in understanding of their structure and function, including the therapeutic and prognostic significance of diverse isoforms. Targeting of these mutations has proven difficult, despite some successes with inhibition of RAS effector signalling. More recently, direct RAS inhibition has been achieved in a trial setting. While this has yet to be translated to everyday clinical practice, this development carries much promise. This review summarizes the diverse approaches that have been taken to RAS inhibition and then focuses on the most recent developments in direct inhibition of KRAS(G12C).
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Conroy
- Department of Medical Oncology, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin 7, Ireland.,Authors contributed equally
| | - Darren Cowzer
- Department of Medical Oncology, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin 7, Ireland.,Authors contributed equally
| | - Walter Kolch
- Systems Biology Ireland, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.,Conway Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Austin G Duffy
- Department of Medical Oncology, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin 7, Ireland
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7
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Xia J, Dou Y, Mei Y, Munoz FM, Gao R, Gao X, Li D, Osei-Owusu P, Schiffenhaus J, Bekker A, Tao YX, Hu H. Orai1 is a crucial downstream partner of group I metabotropic glutamate receptor signaling in dorsal horn neurons. Pain 2022; 163:652-664. [PMID: 34252911 PMCID: PMC8741882 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Group I metabotropic glutamate receptors (group I mGluRs) have been implicated in several central nervous system diseases including chronic pain. It is known that activation of group I mGluRs results in the production of inositol triphosphate (IP3) and diacylglycerol that leads to activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs) and an increase in neuronal excitability, but how group I mGluRs mediate this process remains unclear. We previously reported that Orai1 is responsible for store-operated calcium entry and plays a key role in central sensitization. However, how Orai1 is activated under physiological conditions is unknown. Here, we tested the hypothesis that group I mGluRs recruit Orai1 as part of its downstream signaling pathway in dorsal horn neurons. We demonstrate that neurotransmitter glutamate induces STIM1 puncta formation, which is not mediated by N-Methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) or α-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptors. Glutamate-induced Ca2+ entry in the presence of NMDA or AMPA receptor antagonists is eliminated in Orai1-deficient neurons. Dihydroxyphenylglycine (DHPG) (an agonist of group I mGluRs)-induced Ca2+ entry is abolished by Orai1 deficiency, but not affected by knocking down of transient receptor potential cation channel 1 (TRPC1) or TRPC3. Dihydroxyphenylglycine-induced activation of ERKs and modulation of neuronal excitability are abolished in cultured Orai1-deficient neurons. Moreover, DHPG-induced nociceptive behavior is markedly reduced in Orai1-deficient mice. Our findings reveal previously unknown functional coupling between Orai1 and group I mGluRs and shed light on the mechanism underlying group I mGluRs-mediated neuronal plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingsheng Xia
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19102
| | - Yannong Dou
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19102
| | - Yixiao Mei
- Department of Anesthesiology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103
| | - Frances M. Munoz
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19102
| | - Ruby Gao
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19102
| | - Xinghua Gao
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19102
| | - Daling Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103
| | - Patrick Osei-Owusu
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19102
| | - James Schiffenhaus
- Department of Anesthesiology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103
| | - Alex Bekker
- Department of Anesthesiology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103
| | - Yuan-Xiang Tao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103
| | - Huijuan Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19102
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Zhang Q, Wang C, Cannavicci A, Faughnan ME, Kutryk MJB. Endoglin deficiency impairs VEGFR2 but not FGFR1 or TIE2 activation and alters VEGF-mediated cellular responses in human primary endothelial cells. Transl Res 2021; 235:129-43. [PMID: 33894400 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2021.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) is a genetic disease characterized by vascular dysplasia. Mutations of the endoglin (ENG) gene that encodes a co-receptor of the transforming growth factor β1 signaling pathway cause type I HHT. ENG is primarily expressed in endothelial cells (ECs), but its interaction with other key angiogenic pathways to control angiogenesis has not been well addressed. The aim of this study is to investigate ENG interplay with VEGFR2, FGFR1 and TIE2 in primary human ECs. ENG was knocked-down with siRNA in human umbilical vein ECs (HUVECs) and human lung microvascular ECs (HMVEC-L). Gene expression was measured by RT-qPCR and Western blotting. Cell signaling pathway activation was analyzed by detecting phosphor-ERK and phosphor-AKT levels. Cell migration and apoptosis were assessed using the Boyden chamber assay and the CCK-8 Kit, respectively. Loss of ENG in HUVECs led to significantly reduced expression of VEGFR2 but not TIE2 or FGFR1, which was also confirmed in HMVEC-L. HUVECs lacking ENG had significantly lower levels of active Rac1 and a substantial reduction of the transcription factor Sp1, an activator of VEGFR2 transcription, in nuclei. Furthermore, VEGF- but not bFGF- or angiopoietin-1-induced phosphor-ERK and phosphor-AKT were suppressed in ENG deficient HUVECs. Functional analysis revealed that ENG knockdown inhibited cell migratory but enhanced anti-apoptotic activity induced by VEGF. In contrast, bFGF, angiopoietin-1 and -2 induced HUVEC migration and anti-apoptotic activities were not affected by ENG knockdown. In conclusion, ENG deficiency alters the VEGF/VEGFR2 pathway, which may play a role in HHT pathogenesis.
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Zu T, Wang D, Xu S, Lee CAA, Zhen E, Yoon CH, Abarzua P, Wang S, Frank NY, Wu X, Lian CG, Murphy GF. ATF-3 expression inhibits melanoma growth by downregulating ERK and AKT pathways. J Transl Med 2021; 101:636-647. [PMID: 33299127 PMCID: PMC8091967 DOI: 10.1038/s41374-020-00516-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Activating transcription factor 3 (ATF-3), a cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor, has been shown to play a regulatory role in melanoma, although its function during tumor progression remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate that ATF-3 exhibits tumor suppressive function in melanoma. Specifically, ATF-3 nuclear expression was significantly diminished with melanoma progression from nevi to primary to metastatic patient melanomas, correlating low expression with poor prognosis. Significantly low expression of ATF-3 was also found in cultured human metastatic melanoma cell lines. Importantly, overexpression of ATF-3 in metastatic melanoma cell lines significantly inhibited cell growth, migration, and invasion in vitro; as well as abrogated tumor growth in a human melanoma xenograft mouse model in vivo. RNA sequencing analysis revealed downregulation of ERK and AKT pathways and upregulation in apoptotic-related genes in ATF-3 overexpressed melanoma cell lines, which was further validated by Western-blot analysis. In summary, this study demonstrated that diminished ATF-3 expression is associated with melanoma virulence and thus provides a potential target for novel therapies and prognostic biomarker applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingjian Zu
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Regeneration, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, Shangdong, China
- School of Stomatology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Tai'an, Shangdong, China
- Department of Pathology, Program in Dermatopathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Diana Wang
- Department of Pathology, Program in Dermatopathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Oral Medicine, Infection, and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shuyun Xu
- Department of Pathology, Program in Dermatopathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Catherine A A Lee
- Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ellen Zhen
- Department of Pathology, Program in Dermatopathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Charles H Yoon
- Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Phammela Abarzua
- Department of Pathology, Program in Dermatopathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shuangshuang Wang
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Regeneration, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, Shangdong, China
| | - Natasha Y Frank
- Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Xunwei Wu
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Regeneration, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, Shangdong, China.
- Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Christine G Lian
- Department of Pathology, Program in Dermatopathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - George F Murphy
- Department of Pathology, Program in Dermatopathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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10
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Kim DU, Kim DG, Choi JW, Shin JY, Kweon B, Zhou Z, Lee HS, Song HJ, Bae GS, Park SJ. Loganin Attenuates the Severity of Acute Kidney Injury Induced by Cisplatin through the Inhibition of ERK Activation in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22031421. [PMID: 33572597 PMCID: PMC7866969 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin is the most widely used chemotherapeutic agent. However, it often causes nephrotoxicity, which results in acute kidney injury (AKI). Therefore, we urgently need a drug that can reduce the nephrotoxicity induced by cisplatin. Loganin is a major iridoid glycoside isolated from Corni fructus that has been used as an anti-inflammatory agent in various pathological models. However, the renal protective activity of loganin remains unclear. In this study, to examine the protective effect of loganin on cisplatin-induced AKI, male C57BL/6 mice were orally administered with loganin (1, 10, and 20 mg/kg) 1 h before intraperitoneal injection of cisplatin (10 mg/kg) and sacrificed at three days after the injection. The administration of loganin inhibited the elevation of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine (CREA) in serum, which are used as biomarkers of AKI. Moreover, histological kidney injury, proximal tubule damages, and renal cell death, such as apoptosis and ferroptosis, were reduced by loganin treatment. Also, pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, reduced by loganin treatment. Furthermore, loganin deactivated the extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK) 1 and 2 during AKI. Taken together, our results suggest that loganin may attenuate cisplatin-induced AKI through the inhibition of ERK1/2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Uk Kim
- Hanbang Cardio-Renal Syndrome Research Center, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Korea; (D.-U.K.); (D.-G.K.); (J.-W.C.); (H.-S.L.)
| | - Dong-Gu Kim
- Hanbang Cardio-Renal Syndrome Research Center, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Korea; (D.-U.K.); (D.-G.K.); (J.-W.C.); (H.-S.L.)
- Department of Herbology, School of Korean Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Korea; (J.Y.S.); (B.K.); (Z.Z.); (H.-J.S.)
| | - Ji-Won Choi
- Hanbang Cardio-Renal Syndrome Research Center, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Korea; (D.-U.K.); (D.-G.K.); (J.-W.C.); (H.-S.L.)
- Department of Herbology, School of Korean Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Korea; (J.Y.S.); (B.K.); (Z.Z.); (H.-J.S.)
| | - Joon Yeon Shin
- Department of Herbology, School of Korean Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Korea; (J.Y.S.); (B.K.); (Z.Z.); (H.-J.S.)
| | - Bitna Kweon
- Department of Herbology, School of Korean Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Korea; (J.Y.S.); (B.K.); (Z.Z.); (H.-J.S.)
| | - Ziqi Zhou
- Department of Herbology, School of Korean Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Korea; (J.Y.S.); (B.K.); (Z.Z.); (H.-J.S.)
| | - Ho-Sub Lee
- Hanbang Cardio-Renal Syndrome Research Center, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Korea; (D.-U.K.); (D.-G.K.); (J.-W.C.); (H.-S.L.)
- Department of Herbal Resources, Professional Graduate School of Korean Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Korea
| | - Ho-Joon Song
- Department of Herbology, School of Korean Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Korea; (J.Y.S.); (B.K.); (Z.Z.); (H.-J.S.)
| | - Gi-Sang Bae
- Hanbang Cardio-Renal Syndrome Research Center, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Korea; (D.-U.K.); (D.-G.K.); (J.-W.C.); (H.-S.L.)
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Korean Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Korea
- Research Center of Traditional Korean Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Korea
- Correspondence: (G.-S.B.); (S.-J.P.); Tel.: +82-63-850-6842 (G.-S.B.); +82-63-850-6450 (S.-J.P.)
| | - Sung-Joo Park
- Hanbang Cardio-Renal Syndrome Research Center, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Korea; (D.-U.K.); (D.-G.K.); (J.-W.C.); (H.-S.L.)
- Department of Herbology, School of Korean Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Korea; (J.Y.S.); (B.K.); (Z.Z.); (H.-J.S.)
- Correspondence: (G.-S.B.); (S.-J.P.); Tel.: +82-63-850-6842 (G.-S.B.); +82-63-850-6450 (S.-J.P.)
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11
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Diomede F, Marconi GD, Guarnieri S, D'Attilio M, Cavalcanti MFXB, Mariggiò MA, Pizzicannella J, Trubiani O. A Novel Role of Ascorbic Acid in Anti-Inflammatory Pathway and ROS Generation in HEMA Treated Dental Pulp Stem Cells. Materials (Basel) 2019; 13:E130. [PMID: 31892218 DOI: 10.3390/ma13010130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Resin (co)monomers issued from restorative dental materials are able to distribute in the dental pulp or the gingiva, to get to the saliva and to the flowing blood. Many authors have recently shown that methacrylate-based resins, in particular 2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate (HEMA), are responsible of inflammatory and autophagic processes in human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) while ascorbic acid (AS), an antioxidant molecule, can assume a protective role in cell homeostasis. The purpose of the current work was to study if 50 µg/mL AS can affect the inflammatory status induced by 2 mM HEMA in hDPSCs, a tissue–specific cell population. Cell proliferation, cytokine release, morphological arrangement and reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation were determined respectively by MTT, ELISA, morphological analysis and dichlorofluorescein assay. The hDPSCs exposed to HEMA let to an increment of ROS formation and in the expression of high levels of inflammatory mediators such as nuclear factor-κB (NFkB), inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin IL6, IL8, interferon (IFN)ɣ and monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)1. Moreover, HEMA induced the up-regulation of pospho-extracellular signal–regulated kinases (pERK)/ERK signaling pathway associated to the nuclear translocation. AS treatment significantly down-regulated the levels of pro-inflammatory mediators. Then, the natural product AS reduced the detrimental result promoted by methacrylates in clinical dentistry, in fact restore cell proliferation, reduce the pro-inflammatory cytokine, downregulate ROS production and of NFkB/pERK/ERK signaling path. In synthesis, AS, could improve the quality of dental care and play a strategic role as innovative endodontic compound easy to use and with reasonable cost.
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12
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Li Z, Zhou W, Zhang Y, Sun W, Yung MMH, Sun J, Li J, Chen CW, Li Z, Meng Y, Chai J, Zhou Y, Liu SS, Cheung ANY, Ngan HYS, Chan DW, Zheng W, Zhu W. ERK Regulates HIF1α-Mediated Platinum Resistance by Directly Targeting PHD2 in Ovarian Cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2019; 25:5947-5960. [PMID: 31285371 PMCID: PMC7449248 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-18-4145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 05/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Up to 80% of patients with ovarian cancer develop platinum resistance over time to platinum-based chemotherapy. Increased HIF1α level is an important mechanism governing platinum resistance in platinum-resistant ovarian cancer (PROC). However, the mechanism regulating HIF1α stability in PROC remains largely unknown. Here, we elucidate the mechanism of HIF1α stability regulation in PROC and explore therapeutic approaches to overcome cisplatin resistance in ovarian cancer. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We first used a quantitative high-throughput combinational screen (qHTCS) to identify novel drugs that could resensitize PROC cells to cisplatin. Next, we evaluated the combination efficacy of inhibitors of HIF1α (YC-1), ERK (selumetinib), and TGFβ1 (SB431542) with platinum drugs by in vitro and in vivo experiments. Moreover, a novel TGFβ1/ERK/PHD2-mediated pathway regulating HIF1α stability in PROC was discovered. RESULTS YC-1 and selumetinib resensitized PROC cells to cisplatin. Next, the prolyl hydroxylase domain-containing protein 2 (PHD2) was shown to be a direct substrate of ERK. Phosphorylation of PHD2 by ERK prevents its binding to HIF1α, thus inhibiting HIF1α hydroxylation and degradation-increasing HIF1α stability. Significantly, ERK/PHD2 signaling in PROC cells is dependent on TGFβ1, promoting platinum resistance by stabilizing HIF1α. Inhibition of TGFβ1 by SB431542, ERK by selumetinib, or HIF1α by YC-1 efficiently overcame platinum resistance both in vitro and in vivo. The results from clinical samples confirm activation of the ERK/PHD2/HIF1α axis in patients with PROC, correlating highly with poor prognoses for patients. CONCLUSIONS HIF1α stabilization is regulated by TGFβ1/ERK/PHD2 axis in PROC. Hence, inhibiting TGFβ1, ERK, or HIF1α is potential strategy for treating patients with PROC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuqing Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, District of Columbia
- GW Cancer Center, The George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, District of Columbia
- GW Cancer Center, The George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sir Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, District of Columbia
- GW Cancer Center, The George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Wei Sun
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Mingo M H Yung
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jing Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, District of Columbia
- GW Cancer Center, The George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, District of Columbia
- GW Cancer Center, The George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Chi-Wei Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, District of Columbia
- GW Cancer Center, The George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Zongzhu Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, District of Columbia
- GW Cancer Center, The George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Yunxiao Meng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, District of Columbia
- GW Cancer Center, The George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Jie Chai
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, District of Columbia
- GW Cancer Center, The George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Yuan Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, District of Columbia
- GW Cancer Center, The George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Stephanie S Liu
- Department of Pathology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Annie N Y Cheung
- Department of Pathology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hextan Y S Ngan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - David W Chan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Wei Zheng
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland.
| | - Wenge Zhu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, District of Columbia.
- GW Cancer Center, The George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia
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13
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Sang D, Pinglay S, Wiewiora RP, Selvan ME, Lou HJ, Chodera JD, Turk BE, Gümüş ZH, Holt LJ. Ancestral reconstruction reveals mechanisms of ERK regulatory evolution. eLife 2019; 8:38805. [PMID: 31407663 PMCID: PMC6692128 DOI: 10.7554/elife.38805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein kinases are crucial to coordinate cellular decisions and therefore their activities are strictly regulated. Previously we used ancestral reconstruction to determine how CMGC group kinase specificity evolved (Howard et al., 2014). In the present study, we reconstructed ancestral kinases to study the evolution of regulation, from the inferred ancestor of CDKs and MAPKs, to modern ERKs. Kinases switched from high to low autophosphorylation activity at the transition to the inferred ancestor of ERKs 1 and 2. Two synergistic amino acid changes were sufficient to induce this change: shortening of the β3-αC loop and mutation of the gatekeeper residue. Restoring these two mutations to their inferred ancestral state led to a loss of dependence of modern ERKs 1 and 2 on the upstream activating kinase MEK in human cells. Our results shed light on the evolutionary mechanisms that led to the tight regulation of a kinase that is central in development and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dajun Sang
- Institute for Systems Genetics, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, United States
| | - Sudarshan Pinglay
- Institute for Systems Genetics, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, United States
| | - Rafal P Wiewiora
- Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, United States.,Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, United States
| | - Myvizhi E Selvan
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States.,Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States
| | - Hua Jane Lou
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, United States
| | - John D Chodera
- Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, United States
| | - Benjamin E Turk
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, United States
| | - Zeynep H Gümüş
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States.,Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States
| | - Liam J Holt
- Institute for Systems Genetics, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, United States
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14
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Hong SH, Shah NH. Learning from ancestors. eLife 2019; 8:49976. [PMID: 31407665 PMCID: PMC6692129 DOI: 10.7554/elife.49976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Predicting ancestral sequences of protein kinases reveals the molecular details that underlie different modes of activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suk Ho Hong
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, United States
| | - Neel H Shah
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, United States
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15
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Ji Y, Sun S, Shrestha N, Darragh LB, Shirakawa J, Xing Y, He Y, Carboneau BA, Kim H, An D, Ma M, Oberholzer J, Soleimanpour SA, Gannon M, Liu C, Naji A, Kulkarni RN, Wang Y, Kersten S, Qi L. Toll-like receptors TLR2 and TLR4 block the replication of pancreatic β cells in diet-induced obesity. Nat Immunol 2019; 20:677-686. [PMID: 31110312 PMCID: PMC6531334 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-019-0396-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Consumption of a high-energy Western diet triggers mild adaptive β cell proliferation to compensate for peripheral insulin resistance; however, the underlying molecular mechanism remains unclear. In the present study we show that the toll-like receptors TLR2 and TLR4 inhibited the diet-induced replication of β cells in mice and humans. The combined, but not the individual, loss of TLR2 and TLR4 increased the replication of β cells, but not that of α cells, leading to enlarged β cell area and hyperinsulinemia in diet-induced obesity. Loss of TLR2 and TLR4 increased the nuclear abundance of the cell cycle regulators cyclin D2 and Cdk4 in a manner dependent on the signaling mediator Erk. These data reveal a regulatory mechanism controlling the proliferation of β cells in diet-induced obesity and suggest that selective targeting of the TLR2/TLR4 pathways may reverse β cell failure in patients with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yewei Ji
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Shengyi Sun
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Neha Shrestha
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Laurel B Darragh
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Jun Shirakawa
- Section of Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yuan Xing
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Yi He
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Bethany A Carboneau
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Hana Kim
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
- XBiotech USA, Inc., Austin, TX, USA
| | - Duo An
- Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Minglin Ma
- Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Jose Oberholzer
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Scott A Soleimanpour
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Maureen Gannon
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Chengyang Liu
- Department of Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ali Naji
- Department of Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Rohit N Kulkarni
- Section of Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Sander Kersten
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
- Nutrition Metabolism and Genomics group, Wageningen University, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Ling Qi
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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16
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Iñiguez SD, Parise LF, Lobo MK, Flores-Ramirez FJ, Garcia-Carachure I, Warren BL, Robison AJ. Upregulation of hippocampal extracellular signal-regulated kinase ( ERK)-2 induces antidepressant-like behavior in the rat forced swim test. Behav Neurosci 2019; 133:225-231. [PMID: 30907619 PMCID: PMC6712563 DOI: 10.1037/bne0000303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The hippocampus mediates responses to affect-related behavior in preclinical models of pharmacological antidepressant efficacy, such as the forced swim test. However, the molecular mechanisms that regulate escape-directed behavior in this preclinical model of despair are not well understood. Here, using viral-mediated gene transfer, we assessed how overexpression of extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK)-2 within the dorsal hippocampus influenced behavioral reactivity to inescapable swimming stress in adult male Sprague-Dawley rats. When compared to controls, rats overexpressing hippocampal ERK-2 displayed increases in the time to initially adopt a posture of immobility, along with decreases in total time spent immobile, without influencing general locomotor activity. Collectively, the results indicate that hippocampal upregulation of ERK-2 increases escape-directed behavior in the rat forced swim test, thus providing insight into the neurobiological mechanisms that mediate antidepressant efficacy. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio D. Iñiguez
- Department of Psychology, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX
| | - Lyonna F. Parise
- Fishberg Department of Neuroscience, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Mary K. Lobo
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | | | | | - Brandon L. Warren
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| | - Alfred J. Robison
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI
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17
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Abstract
The MAPK pathway is one of the most commonly mutated oncogenic pathways in cancer. Although RAS mutations are the most frequent MAPK alterations, less frequent alterations in downstream components of the pathway, including the RAF and MEK genes, offer promising therapeutic opportunities. In addition to BRAFV600 mutations, for which several approved therapeutic regimens exist, other alterations in the RAF and MEK genes may provide more rare, but tractable, targets. However, recent studies have illustrated the complexity of MAPK signaling and highlighted that distinct alterations in these genes may have strikingly different properties. Understanding the unique functional characteristics of specific RAF and MEK alterations, reviewed herein, will be critical for developing effective therapeutic approaches for these targets. SIGNIFICANCE: Alterations in the RAF and MEK genes represent promising therapeutic targets in multiple cancer types. However, given the unique and complex signaling biology of the MAPK pathway, the diverse array of RAF and MEK alterations observed in cancer can possess distinct functional characteristics. As outlined in this review, understanding the key functional properties of different RAF and MEK alterations is fundamental to selecting the optimal therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rona Yaeger
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.
| | - Ryan B Corcoran
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
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18
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de Leeuw R, McNair C, Schiewer MJ, Neupane NP, Brand LJ, Augello MA, Li Z, Cheng LC, Yoshida A, Courtney SM, Hazard ES, Hardiman G, Hussain MH, Diehl JA, Drake JM, Kelly WK, Knudsen KE. MAPK Reliance via Acquired CDK4/6 Inhibitor Resistance in Cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2018; 24:4201-4214. [PMID: 29739788 PMCID: PMC6125187 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-18-0410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Revised: 04/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: Loss of cell-cycle control is a hallmark of cancer, which can be targeted with agents, including cyclin-dependent kinase-4/6 (CDK4/6) kinase inhibitors that impinge upon the G1-S cell-cycle checkpoint via maintaining activity of the retinoblastoma tumor suppressor (RB). This class of drugs is under clinical investigation for various solid tumor types and has recently been FDA-approved for treatment of breast cancer. However, development of therapeutic resistance is not uncommon.Experimental Design: In this study, palbociclib (a CDK4/6 inhibitor) resistance was established in models of early stage, RB-positive cancer.Results: This study demonstrates that acquired palbociclib resistance renders cancer cells broadly resistant to CDK4/6 inhibitors. Acquired resistance was associated with aggressive in vitro and in vivo phenotypes, including proliferation, migration, and invasion. Integration of RNA sequencing analysis and phosphoproteomics profiling revealed rewiring of the kinome, with a strong enrichment for enhanced MAPK signaling across all resistance models, which resulted in aggressive in vitro and in vivo phenotypes and prometastatic signaling. However, CDK4/6 inhibitor-resistant models were sensitized to MEK inhibitors, revealing reliance on active MAPK signaling to promote tumor cell growth and invasion.Conclusions: In sum, these studies identify MAPK reliance in acquired CDK4/6 inhibitor resistance that promotes aggressive disease, while nominating MEK inhibition as putative novel therapeutic strategy to treat or prevent CDK4/6 inhibitor resistance in cancer. Clin Cancer Res; 24(17); 4201-14. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renée de Leeuw
- Department of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Christopher McNair
- Department of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Matthew J Schiewer
- Department of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Lucas J Brand
- Department of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Michael A Augello
- Department of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Zhen Li
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey
| | - Larry C Cheng
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey
- Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, School of Graduate Studies, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey
- Graduate Program in Quantitative Biomedicine, School of Graduate Studies, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey
| | - Akihiro Yoshida
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Sean M Courtney
- Center for Genomic Medicine Bioinformatics, Medical University of South Carolina (MUSC), Charleston, South Carolina
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - E Starr Hazard
- Center for Genomic Medicine Bioinformatics, Medical University of South Carolina (MUSC), Charleston, South Carolina
- Library Science and Informatics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Gary Hardiman
- Center for Genomic Medicine Bioinformatics, Medical University of South Carolina (MUSC), Charleston, South Carolina
- Departments of Medicine and Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Maha H Hussain
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Robert H. Lurie Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - J Alan Diehl
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Justin M Drake
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey
- Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, School of Graduate Studies, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey
- Graduate Program in Quantitative Biomedicine, School of Graduate Studies, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey
| | - Wm Kevin Kelly
- Department of Medical Oncology, Urology and Radiation Oncology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Karen E Knudsen
- Department of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
- Department of Medical Oncology, Urology and Radiation Oncology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferon University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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19
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Bilancio A, Bontempo P, Di Donato M, Conte M, Giovannelli P, Altucci L, Migliaccio A, Castoria G. Bisphenol A induces cell cycle arrest in primary and prostate cancer cells through EGFR/ ERK/p53 signaling pathway activation. Oncotarget 2017; 8:115620-115631. [PMID: 29383186 PMCID: PMC5777798 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) belongs to the class of chemicals known as endocrine disruptors and has been also involved in the pathogenesis and progression of endocrine related cancer such as breast and prostate cancers. Here, we have investigated the effect of BPA in human prostate cancer LNCaP cells and in human non-transformed epithelial prostate EPN cells. Our data showed that BPA induces the down regulation of cyclin D1 expression and the upregulation of the cell cycle inhibitors p21 and p27, leading to cell cycle arrest. Interestingly, we found that the BPA anti-proliferative response depends on a strong and rapid activation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), which stimulates ERK-dependent pathway. This, in turn, induces expression of p53 and its phosphorylation on residue Ser15, which is responsible for cell cycle arrest. EGFR activation occurs upon a cross talk with androgen (AR) and estradiol receptor-β (ERβ) which are known to bind BPA. Altogether, these findings show a novel signaling pathway in which EGFR activation plays a key role on BPA-induced cell cycle inhibition through a pathway involving AR and ERβ/EGFR complexes, ERK and p53. Our results provide new insights for understanding the molecular mechanisms in human prostate cancer. On the other, they could allow the development of new compounds that may be used to overcome human prostate cancer resistance to endocrine therapy in promising target therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Bilancio
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Paola Bontempo
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Marzia Di Donato
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | | | - Pia Giovannelli
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Lucia Altucci
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Antimo Migliaccio
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Gabriella Castoria
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
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20
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Wen Z, Liang C, Pan Q, Wang Y. Eya2 overexpression promotes the invasion of human astrocytoma through the regulation of ERK/MMP9 signaling. Int J Mol Med 2017; 40:1315-1322. [PMID: 28901379 PMCID: PMC5627874 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2017.3132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2016] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The overexpression of eyes absent (Eya) 2 has been found in several human cancers. However, its biological roles and clinical significance in human astrocytoma have not yet been explored. This study investigated the clinical significance and biological roles of Eya2 in human astrocytoma tissues and cell lines. Using immunohistochemistry, we found Eya2 overexpression in 33 out of 90 (36.7%) astrocytoma specimens. The rate of Eya2 overexpression was higher in grade III-IV (48.1%) than in grade Ⅰ+Ⅱ astrocytomas (21.1%). Transfection with an Eya2 expression plasmid was performed in A172 cells with a low endogenous expression of Eya2 and the knockdown of Eya2 was carried out in U251 cells with a high endogenous expression using siRNA. Eya2 overexpression induced A172 cell proliferation and invasion, while the knockdown of Eya2 using siRNA decreased the proliferation and invasion of U251 cells. In addition, we found that transfection with the Eya2 expression plasmid facilitated cell cycle progression, and that the knockdown of Eya2 inhibited cell cycle progression, accompanied by a change in the expression of cell cycle-related proteins, including cyclin D1 and cyclin E. Eya2 also positively regulated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) activity and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)9 expression. The blockade of ERK signaling using an inhibitor abolished the effects of Eya2 on A172 cell invasion and MMP9 production. In addition, we found that there was a positive correlation between Eya2 and Six1 in the astrocytoma cell lines. Immunoprecipitation revealed that Eya2 interacted with Six1 protein in the U251 cell line, which exhibited a high expression of both proteins. Eya2 failed to upregulate MMP expression in the A172 cells in which Six1 was silenced. On the whole, our data indicate that Eya2 may serve as a potential oncoprotein in human astrocytoma. Eya2 regulates astrocytoma cell proliferation and invasion, possibly through the regulation of ERK signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifeng Wen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Chuansheng Liang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Qichen Pan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Yunjie Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
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21
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Mao LM, Geosling R, Penman B, Wang JQ. Local substrates of non-receptor tyrosine kinases at synaptic sites in neurons. Sheng Li Xue Bao 2017; 69:657-665. [PMID: 29063113 PMCID: PMC5672811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Several non-receptor tyrosine kinase (nRTK) members are expressed in neurons of mammalian brains. Among these neuron-enriched nRTKs, two Src family kinase members (Src and Fyn) are particularly abundant at synaptic sites and have been most extensively studied for their roles in the regulation of synaptic activity and plasticity. Increasing evidence shows that the synaptic subpool of nRTKs interacts with a number of local substrates, including glutamate receptors (both ionotropic and metabotropic glutamate receptors), postsynaptic scaffold proteins, presynaptic proteins, and synapse-enriched enzymes. By phosphorylating specific tyrosine residues in the intracellular domains of these synaptic proteins either constitutively or in an activity-dependent manner, nRTKs regulate these substrates in trafficking, surface expression, and function. Given the high sensitivity of nRTKs to changing synaptic input, nRTKs are considered to act as a critical regulator in the determination of the strength and efficacy of synaptic transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Min Mao
- Department of Basic Medical Science, School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA
| | - Ryan Geosling
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA
| | - Brian Penman
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA
| | - John Q Wang
- Department of Basic Medical Science, School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA.
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22
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Abstract
Mitochondrial-derived peptides (MDPs) are a new class of peptides that are encoded by small open reading frames within other known genes of the mitochondrial genome. MDPs have a wide variety of biological effects such as protecting neurons from apoptosis, improving metabolic markers, and protecting cells from chemotherapy. Humanin was the first MDP to be discovered and is the most studied peptide among the MDP family. The membrane receptors and downstream signaling pathways of humanin have been carefully characterized. Additional MDPs such as MOTS-c and SHLP1-6 have been more recently discovered and the signaling mechanisms have yet to be elucidated. Here we describe a cell culture based method to determine the function of these peptides. In particular, cell fractionation techniques in combination with western blotting allow for the quantitative determination of activation and translocation of important signaling molecule. While there are other methods of cell fractionation, the one described here is an easy and straightforward method. These methods can be used to further elucidate the mechanism of action of these peptides and other therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Jeong Kim
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California
| | - Jialin Xiao
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California
| | - Pinchas Cohen
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California
| | - Kelvin Yen
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California;
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23
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王 娟, 李 磊, 罗 海, 姜 勇. [Expressions of inflammatory cytokines in mouse peritoneal macrophages induced by MRP8/MRP14 in vitro]. Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao 2017; 37:1164-1170. [PMID: 28951356 PMCID: PMC6765494 DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-4254.2017.09.04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate MRP8/MRP14-induced expression of inflammatory cytokines in mouse peritoneal macrophages and explore the mechanism. METHODS Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interferon-γ inducible protein 10 (IP-10), interleukin-2 (IL-2), IL-6, IL-5 and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) proteins in the culture supernatants of mouse peritoneal macrophages treated with recombinant MRP8/MRP14 were quantified using Luminex xMAP system. TNF-α, IP-10 and IL-6 levels were detected in the culture supernatants of the peritoneal macrophages after treatment with different domains of MRP14. Western blotting was used to detect the phosphorylation of p38 MAPK, JNK and ERK in the cells after MRP8/MRP14 treatment. The effects of p38 MAPK, JNK, ERK inhibitors, TLR4 or RAGE receptor antagonists on MRP8/MRP14-induced expressions of TNF-α, IP-10 and IL-6 were tested. RESULTS MRP8/MRP14 significantly increased TNF-α, IP-10 and IL-6 levels in mouse peritoneal macrophages by 98.2, 378.6 and 6.3 folds (P<0.01), respectively, but did not obviously affect IL-2, IL-5 and IFN-α levels. MRP14 protein and its calcium binding motifs such as EF hand-1, EF hand-2, EF hand-1+2, but not CT terminal domain, all induced TNF-α, IP-10 and IL-6 expressions (P<0.01). Phosphorylation of p38 MAPK, JNK and ERK were detected by Western blotting in the cells at 1 h after MRP8/MRP14 stimulation and sustained to 2 h. Compared with MRP8/MRP14, SB203580 (p38 MAPK inhibitor) significantly inhibited TNF-α, IP-10 and IL-6 expression (P<0.05), and SP600125 (JNK inhibitor) inhibited the expression of TNF-α and IP-10 (P<0.05) but not IL-6, PD98059 and U0126 (ERK and MEK1/2 inhibitor) reduced IL-6 expression (P<0.05). TNF-α, IP-10 and IL-6 levels were inhibited by TAK242 (P<0.05); IL-6 level in the cells was also partially inhibited by RAGE neutralizing antibody (P<0.05). CONCLUSION MRP8/MRP14 can induce the expression of TNF-α, IP-10 and IL-6 in mouse peritoneal macrophages. MRP14 protein, which contain calcium binding motifs, has the biological activity of inducing cytokine expression. TNF-α and IP-10 expressions are related with TLR4 and its downstream p38 MAPKs and JNK; IL-6 is regulated by both TLR4 and RAGE and their downstream p38 MAPKs and ERK.
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Affiliation(s)
- 娟 王
- />南方医科大学病理生理学教研室//广东省蛋白质组学重点实验室,广东 广州 510515Department of Pathophysiology and Key Laboratory of Functional Proteomics of Guangdong Province, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - 磊 李
- />南方医科大学病理生理学教研室//广东省蛋白质组学重点实验室,广东 广州 510515Department of Pathophysiology and Key Laboratory of Functional Proteomics of Guangdong Province, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - 海华 罗
- />南方医科大学病理生理学教研室//广东省蛋白质组学重点实验室,广东 广州 510515Department of Pathophysiology and Key Laboratory of Functional Proteomics of Guangdong Province, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - 勇 姜
- />南方医科大学病理生理学教研室//广东省蛋白质组学重点实验室,广东 广州 510515Department of Pathophysiology and Key Laboratory of Functional Proteomics of Guangdong Province, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
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24
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Augustine RA, Ladyman SR, Bouwer GT, Alyousif Y, Sapsford TJ, Scott V, Kokay IC, Grattan DR, Brown CH. Prolactin regulation of oxytocin neurone activity in pregnancy and lactation. J Physiol 2017; 595:3591-3605. [PMID: 28211122 DOI: 10.1113/jp273712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2016] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS During lactation, prolactin promotes milk synthesis and oxytocin stimulates milk ejection. In virgin rats, prolactin inhibits the activity of oxytocin-secreting neurones. We found that prolactin inhibition of oxytocin neurone activity is lost in lactation, and that some oxytocin neurones were excited by prolactin in lactating rats. The change in prolactin regulation of oxytocin neurone activity was not associated with a change in activation of intracellular signalling pathways known to couple to prolactin receptors. The change in prolactin regulation of oxytocin neurone activity in lactation might allow coordinated activation of both populations of neurones when required for successful lactation. ABSTRACT Secretion of prolactin for milk synthesis and oxytocin for milk secretion is required for successful lactation. In virgin rats, prolactin inhibits oxytocin neurones but this effect would be counterproductive during lactation when secretion of both hormones is required for synthesis and delivery of milk to the newborn. Hence, we determined the effects of intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) prolactin on oxytocin neurones in urethane-anaesthetised virgin, pregnant and lactating rats. Prolactin (2 μg) consistently inhibited oxytocin neurones in virgin and pregnant rats (by 1.9 ± 0.4 and 1.8 ± 0.5 spikes s-1 , respectively), but not in lactating rats; indeed, prolactin excited six of 27 oxytocin neurones by >1 spike s-1 in lactating rats but excited none in virgin or pregnant rats (χ22 = 7.2, P = 0.03). Vasopressin neurones were unaffected by prolactin (2 μg) in virgin rats but were inhibited by 1.1 ± 0.2 spikes s-1 in lactating rats. Immunohistochemistry showed that i.c.v. prolactin increased oxytocin expression in virgin and lactating rats and increased signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 phosphorylation to a similar extent in oxytocin neurones of virgin and lactating rats. Western blotting showed that i.c.v. prolactin did not affect phosphorylation of extracellular regulated kinase 1 or 2, or of Akt in the supraoptic or paraventricular nuclei of virgin or lactating rats. Hence, prolactin inhibition of oxytocin neurones is lost in lactation, which might allow concurrent elevation of prolactin secretion from the pituitary gland and activation of oxytocin neurones for synthesis and delivery of milk to the newborn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachael A Augustine
- Brain Health Research Centre, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.,Centre for Neuroendocrinology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.,Department of Physiology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Sharon R Ladyman
- Centre for Neuroendocrinology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.,Department of Anatomy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Gregory T Bouwer
- Brain Health Research Centre, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.,Centre for Neuroendocrinology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.,Department of Physiology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Yousif Alyousif
- Centre for Neuroendocrinology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.,Department of Physiology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Tony J Sapsford
- Centre for Neuroendocrinology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.,Department of Anatomy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Victoria Scott
- Centre for Neuroendocrinology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.,Department of Physiology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Ilona C Kokay
- Centre for Neuroendocrinology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.,Department of Anatomy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - David R Grattan
- Centre for Neuroendocrinology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.,Department of Anatomy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Colin H Brown
- Brain Health Research Centre, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.,Centre for Neuroendocrinology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.,Department of Physiology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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25
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Tao J, Xu E, Zhao Y, Singh S, Li X, Couchy G, Chen X, Zucman-Rossi J, Chikina M, Monga SPS. Modeling a human hepatocellular carcinoma subset in mice through coexpression of met and point-mutant β-catenin. Hepatology 2016; 64:1587-1605. [PMID: 27097116 PMCID: PMC5073058 DOI: 10.1002/hep.28601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Revised: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 04/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Hepatocellular cancer (HCC) remains a significant therapeutic challenge due to its poorly understood molecular basis. In the current study, we investigated two independent cohorts of 249 and 194 HCC cases for any combinatorial molecular aberrations. Specifically we assessed for simultaneous HMET expression or hMet activation and catenin β1 gene (CTNNB1) mutations to address any concomitant Met and Wnt signaling. To investigate cooperation in tumorigenesis, we coexpressed hMet and β-catenin point mutants (S33Y or S45Y) in hepatocytes using sleeping beauty transposon/transposase and hydrodynamic tail vein injection and characterized tumors for growth, signaling, gene signatures, and similarity to human HCC. Missense mutations in exon 3 of CTNNB1 were identified in subsets of HCC patients. Irrespective of amino acid affected, all exon 3 mutations induced similar changes in gene expression. Concomitant HMET overexpression or hMet activation and CTNNB1 mutations were evident in 9%-12.5% of HCCs. Coexpression of hMet and mutant-β-catenin led to notable HCC in mice. Tumors showed active Wnt and hMet signaling with evidence of glutamine synthetase and cyclin D1 positivity and mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase, AKT/Ras/mammalian target of rapamycin activation. Introduction of dominant-negative T-cell factor 4 prevented tumorigenesis. The gene expression of mouse tumors in hMet-mutant β-catenin showed high correlation, with subsets of human HCC displaying concomitant hMet activation signature and CTNNB1 mutations. CONCLUSION We have identified cooperation of hMet and β-catenin activation in a subset of HCC patients and modeled this human disease in mice with a significant transcriptomic intersection; this model will provide novel insight into the biology of this tumor and allow us to evaluate novel therapies as a step toward precision medicine. (Hepatology 2016;64:1587-1605).
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyan Tao
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Emily Xu
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Yifei Zhao
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Sucha Singh
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Xiaolei Li
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University California, San Francisco, CA,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Gabrielle Couchy
- Inserm, UMR-1162, Génomique fonctionnelle des Tumeurs solides, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Paris, F-75010 France,Université Paris Descartes, Labex Immuno-Oncology, Sorbonne Paris Cité, F-75010 Paris, France,Université Paris 13, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UFR SMBH, F-93000 Bobigny, France,Université Paris Diderot, IUH, F-75010 Paris
| | - Xin Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China,Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University California, San Francisco, CA,Liver Center, University California, San Francisco, CA
| | - Jessica Zucman-Rossi
- Inserm, UMR-1162, Génomique fonctionnelle des Tumeurs solides, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Paris, F-75010 France,Université Paris Descartes, Labex Immuno-Oncology, Sorbonne Paris Cité, F-75010 Paris, France,Université Paris 13, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UFR SMBH, F-93000 Bobigny, France,Université Paris Diderot, IUH, F-75010 Paris
| | - Maria Chikina
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Satdarshan P. S. Monga
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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26
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Zhou G, Yu J, Wang A, Liu SH, Sinnett-Smith J, Wu J, Sanchez R, Nemunaitis J, Ricordi C, Rozengurt E, Brunicardi FC. Metformin Restrains Pancreatic Duodenal Homeobox-1 (PDX-1) Function by Inhibiting ERK Signaling in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. Curr Mol Med 2016; 16:83-90. [PMID: 26695692 PMCID: PMC4994969 DOI: 10.2174/1566524016666151222145551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2015] [Revised: 11/20/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most potent and perilous diseases known, with a median survival rate of 3-5 months due to the combination of only advanced stage diagnosis and ineffective therapeutic options. Metformin (1,1-Dimethylbiguanide hydrochloride), the leading drug used for type 2 diabetes mellitus, emerges as a potential therapy for PDAC and other human cancers. Metformin exerts its anticancer action via a variety of adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK)- dependent and/or AMPK-independent mechanisms. We present data here showing that metformin downregulated pancreatic transcription factor pancreatic duodenal homeobox-1 (PDX-1), suggesting a potential novel mechanism by which metformin exerts its anticancer action. Metformin inhibited PDX-1 expression at both protein and mRNA levels and PDX-1 transactivity as well in PDAC cells. Extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) was identified as a PDX-1-interacting protein by antibody array screening in GFP-PDX-1 stable HEK293 cells. Co-transfection of ERK1 with PDX-1 resulted in an enhanced PDX-1 expression in HEK293 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Immunoprecipitation/Western blotting analysis confirmed the ERK-PDX-1 interaction in PANC-1 cells stimulated by epidermal growth factor (EGF). EGF induced an enhanced PDX-1 expression in PANC-1 cells and this stimulation was inhibited by MEK inhibitor PD0325901. Metformin inhibited EGF-stimulated PDX-1 expression with an accompanied inhibition of ERK kinase activation in PANC- 1 cells. Taken together, our studies show that PDX-1 is a potential novel target for metformin in PDAC cells and that metformin may exert its anticancer action in PDAC by down-regulating PDX-1 via a mechanism involving inhibition of ERK signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - F C Brunicardi
- Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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27
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Faccidomo S, Salling MC, Galunas C, Hodge CW. Operant ethanol self-administration increases extracellular-signal regulated protein kinase ( ERK) phosphorylation in reward-related brain regions: selective regulation of positive reinforcement in the prefrontal cortex of C57BL/6J mice. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2015; 232:3417-30. [PMID: 26123321 PMCID: PMC4537834 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-015-3993-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2014] [Accepted: 06/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Extracellular-signal regulated protein kinase (ERK1/2) is activated by ethanol in reward-related brain regions. Accordingly, systemic inhibition of ERK1/2 potentiates ethanol reinforcement. However, the brain region(s) that mediate this effect are unknown. OBJECTIVE This study aims to pharmacologically inhibit ERK1/2 in the medial prefrontal cortex (PFC), nucleus accumbens (NAC), and amygdala (AMY) prior to ethanol or sucrose self-administration, and evaluate effects of operant ethanol self-administration on ERK1/2 phosphorylation (pERK1/2). METHODS Male C57BL/6J mice were trained to lever press on a fixed-ratio-4 schedule of 9% ethanol + 2% sucrose (ethanol) or 2% sucrose (sucrose) reinforcement. Mice were sacrificed immediately after the 30th self-administration session and pERK1/2 immunoreactivity was quantified in targeted brain regions. Additional groups of mice were injected with SL 327 (0-1.7 μg/side) in PFC, NAC, or AMY prior to self-administration. RESULTS pERK1/2 immunoreactivity was significantly increased by operant ethanol (g/kg = 1.21 g/kg; BAC = 54.9 mg/dl) in the PFC, NAC (core and shell), and AMY (central nucleus) as compared to sucrose. Microinjection of SL 327 (1.7 μg) into the PFC selectively increased ethanol self-administration. Intra-NAC injection of SL 327 had no effect on ethanol- but suppressed sucrose-reinforced responding. Intra-AMY microinjection of SL 327 had no effect on either ethanol- or sucrose-reinforced responding. Locomotor activity was unaffected under all conditions. CONCLUSIONS Operant ethanol self-administration increases pERK1/2 activation in the PFC, NAC, and AMY. However, ERK1/2 activity only in the PFC mechanistically regulates ethanol self-administration. These data suggest that ethanol-induced activation of ERK1/2 in the PFC is a critical pharmacological effect that mediates the reinforcing properties of the drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Faccidomo
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina at
Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599
| | - Michael C Salling
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina at
Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599
| | - Christina Galunas
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina at
Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599
| | - Clyde W Hodge
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina at
Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599,Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel
Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599
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28
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Ji S, Qin Y, Shi S, Liu X, Hu H, Zhou H, Gao J, Zhang B, Xu W, Liu J, Liang D, Liu L, Liu C, Long J, Zhou H, Chiao PJ, Xu J, Ni Q, Gao D, Yu X. ERK kinase phosphorylates and destabilizes the tumor suppressor FBW7 in pancreatic cancer. Cell Res 2015; 25:561-73. [PMID: 25753158 PMCID: PMC4423074 DOI: 10.1038/cr.2015.30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2014] [Revised: 02/08/2015] [Accepted: 02/10/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
F-box and WD repeat domain-containing 7 (FBW7) is the substrate recognition component of the Skp1-Cul1-F-box (SCF) ubiquitin ligase complex and functions as a major tumor suppressor by targeting various oncoproteins for degradation. Genomic deletion or mutation of FBW7 has frequently been identified in many human cancers but not in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Thus it is important to know how the tumor suppressive function of FBW7 is impaired in pancreatic cancer. In this study, we first observed that low FBW7 expression correlated significantly with ERK activation in pancreatic cancer clinical samples, primarily due to KRAS mutations in pancreatic cancer. We further showed that ERK directly interacted with FBW7 and phosphorylated FBW7 at Thr205, which sequentially promoted FBW7 ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation. Furthermore, the phospho-deficient T205A FBW7 mutant is resistant to ERK activation and could significantly suppress pancreatic cancer cell proliferation and tumorigenesis. These results collectively demonstrate how the oncogenic KRAS mutation inhibits the tumor suppressor FBW7, thus revealing an important function of KRAS mutations in promoting pancreatic cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunrong Ji
- Department of Pancreatic and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yi Qin
- Department of Pancreatic and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Si Shi
- Department of Pancreatic and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xiangyuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of System Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Hongli Hu
- Key Laboratory of System Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Hu Zhou
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jing Gao
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Pancreatic and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Wenyan Xu
- Department of Pancreatic and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jiang Liu
- Department of Pancreatic and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Dingkong Liang
- Department of Pancreatic and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Liang Liu
- Department of Pancreatic and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Chen Liu
- Department of Pancreatic and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jiang Long
- Department of Pancreatic and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Haijun Zhou
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Paul J Chiao
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jin Xu
- Department of Pancreatic and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Quanxing Ni
- Department of Pancreatic and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Daming Gao
- Key Laboratory of System Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Xianjun Yu
- Department of Pancreatic and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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Yap JJ, Chartoff EH, Holly EN, Potter DN, Carlezon WA, Miczek KA. Social defeat stress-induced sensitization and escalated cocaine self-administration: the role of ERK signaling in the rat ventral tegmental area. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2015; 232:1555-69. [PMID: 25373870 PMCID: PMC4397167 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-014-3796-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2014] [Accepted: 10/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Intermittent social defeat stress can induce neuroadaptations that promote compulsive drug taking. Within the mesocorticolimbic circuit, repeated cocaine administration activates extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK). OBJECTIVE The present experiments examine whether changes in ERK phosphorylation are necessary for the behavioral and neural adaptations that occur as a consequence of intermittent defeat stress. MATERIALS AND METHODS Rats were exposed to four brief intermittent defeats over the course of 10 days. Ten days after the last defeat, rats were challenged with cocaine (10 mg/kg, i.p.) or saline, and ERK activity was examined in mesocorticolimbic regions. To determine the role of ERK in defeat stress-induced behavioral sensitization, we bilaterally microinjected the MAPK/ERK kinase inhibitor U0126 (1 μg/side) or vehicle (20 % DMSO) into the ventral tegmental area (VTA) prior to each of four defeats. Ten days following the last defeat, locomotor activity was assessed for the expression of behavioral cross-sensitization to cocaine (10 mg/kg, i.p.). Thereafter, rats self-administered cocaine under fixed and progressive ratio schedules of reinforcement, including a 24-h continuous access "binge" (0.3 mg/kg/infusion). RESULTS We found that repeated defeat stress increased ERK phosphorylation in the VTA. Inhibition of VTA ERK prior to each social defeat attenuated the development of stress-induced sensitization and prevented stress-induced enhancement of cocaine self-administration during a continuous access binge. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that enhanced activation of ERK in the VTA due to brief defeats is critical in the induction of sensitization and escalated cocaine taking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmine J Yap
- Department of Psychology, Tufts University, Medford, MA, 02155, USA,
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Zhang Y, Chen HX, Zhou SY, Wang SX, Zheng K, Xu DD, Liu YT, Wang XY, Wang X, Yan HZ, Zhang L, Liu QY, Chen WQ, Wang YF. Sp1 and c-Myc modulate drug resistance of leukemia stem cells by regulating survivin expression through the ERK-MSK MAPK signaling pathway. Mol Cancer 2015; 14:56. [PMID: 25890196 PMCID: PMC4357193 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-015-0326-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2014] [Accepted: 02/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is initiated and maintained by a subset of self-renewing leukemia stem cells (LSCs), which contribute to the progression, recurrence and therapeutic resistance of leukemia. However, the mechanisms underlying the maintenance of LSCs drug resistance have not been fully defined. In this study, we attempted to elucidate the mechanisms of LSCs drug resistance. METHODS We performed reverse phase protein arrays to analyze the expression of anti-apoptotic proteins in the LSC-enriched leukemia cell line KG-1a. Immuno-blotting, cell viability and clinical AML samples were evaluated to verify the micro-assay results. The characteristics and transcriptional regulation of survivin were analyzed with the relative luciferase reporter assay, mutant constructs, chromatin immuno-precipitation (ChIP), quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), and western blotting. The levels of Sp1, c-Myc, phospho-extracellular signal-regulated kinase (p-ERK), phospho-mitogen and stress-activated protein kinase (p-MSK) were investigated in paired CD34+ and CD34- AML patient samples. RESULTS Survivin was highly over-expressed in CD34 + CD38- KG-1a cells and paired CD34+ AML patients compared with their differentiated counterparts. Functionally, survivin contributes to the drug resistance of LSCs, and Sp1 and c-Myc concurrently regulate levels of survivin transcription. Clinically, Sp1 and c-Myc were significantly up-regulated and positively correlated with survivin in CD34+ AML patients. Moreover, Sp1 and c-Myc were further activated by the ERK/MSK mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway, modulating survivin levels. CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrated that ERK/MSK/Sp1/c-Myc axis functioned as a critical regulator of survivin expression in LSCs, offering a potential new therapeutic strategy for LSCs therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, 510632, Guangzhou, P.R, China.
- Institute of Biomedicine, Jinan University, 510632, Guangzhou, P.R China.
| | - Hai-xuan Chen
- College of Medicine, Jinan University, 510632, Guangzhou, P.R China.
| | - Shu-yan Zhou
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Wan-nan Medical College, 241000, Wuhu, P.R China.
| | - Shao-xiang Wang
- College of Medicine, Shenzhen University, 518020, Shenzhen, P.R China.
| | - Kai Zheng
- College of Medicine, Shenzhen University, 518020, Shenzhen, P.R China.
| | - Dan-dan Xu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, 510632, Guangzhou, P.R, China.
| | - Yu-ting Liu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, 510632, Guangzhou, P.R, China.
| | - Xiao-yan Wang
- Institute of Biomedicine, Jinan University, 510632, Guangzhou, P.R China.
| | - Xiao Wang
- Institute of Biomedicine, Jinan University, 510632, Guangzhou, P.R China.
| | - Hai-Zhao Yan
- College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, 510632, Guangzhou, P.R, China.
| | - Li Zhang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, 510632, Guangzhou, P.R, China.
| | - Qiu-ying Liu
- Institute of Biomedicine, Jinan University, 510632, Guangzhou, P.R China.
| | - Wan-qun Chen
- College of Medicine, Jinan University, 510632, Guangzhou, P.R China.
| | - Yi-fei Wang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, 510632, Guangzhou, P.R, China.
- Institute of Biomedicine, Jinan University, 510632, Guangzhou, P.R China.
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Zhang Y, Lv X, Bai Y, Zhu X, Wu X, Chao J, Duan M, Buch S, Chen L, Yao H. Involvement of sigma-1 receptor in astrocyte activation induced by methamphetamine via up-regulation of its own expression. J Neuroinflammation 2015; 12:29. [PMID: 25889537 PMCID: PMC4340104 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-015-0250-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2014] [Accepted: 01/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although it has been documented that methamphetamine induces astrocyte activation, the mechanism(s) underlying this effect remain poorly understood. We thus sought to examine the molecular mechanisms involved in methamphetamine-mediated activation of astrocytes with a focus on the role of sigma-1 receptor (σ-1R) in this process. METHODS The expression of σ-1R and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) was examined by reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR), real-time PCR, Western blot, and immunofluorescent staining; phosphorylation of cell signaling pathways was detected by Western blot analysis. Immunoprecipitation was used to determine the interaction between σ-1R and p-Src. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay was employed to discern the binding of cAMP-response element-binding protein (CREB) with the promoter of σ-1R. The role of σ-1R in astrocyte activation was further validated in σ-1R knockout (KO) mice by Western blot combined with immunofluorescent staining. RESULTS Exposure of primary rat astrocytes to methamphetamine increased the expression of σ-1R via the activation of Src, ERK mitogen-activated protein kinase, and downstream CREB pathways. Subsequently, CREB translocated into nucleus and interacted with the promoter of σ-1R resulting in increased expression of σ-1R with a concomitant increase in expression of GFAP. This effect was inhibited in cells treated with the σ-1R antagonist-BD1047, thereby implicating the role of σ-1R in the activation of astrocytes. In vivo relevance of these findings was further corroborated in σ-1R KO mice that were administered methamphetamine. In the methamphetamine administered mice, there was a failure of the drug to induce activation of astrocytes, an effect that was evident in wild-type (WT) mice exposed to methamphetamine. CONCLUSIONS The study presented herein demonstrates that methamphetamine-mediated activation of astrocytes involved up-regulation of σ-1R through a positive-feedback mechanism. Understanding the regulation of σ-1R expression could provide insights into the development of potential therapeutic strategies for astrocyte activation induced by methamphetamine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical School of Southeast University, 87 Dingjiaqiao, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China.
| | - Xuan Lv
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical School of Southeast University, 87 Dingjiaqiao, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China.
| | - Ying Bai
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical School of Southeast University, 87 Dingjiaqiao, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China.
| | - Xinjian Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical School of Southeast University, 87 Dingjiaqiao, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China.
| | - Xiaodong Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical School of Southeast University, 87 Dingjiaqiao, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China.
| | - Jie Chao
- Department of Physiology, Medical School of Southeast University, 87 Dingjiaqiao, Nanjing, 210009, China.
| | - Ming Duan
- Virosis Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, Jilin University, 5333 Xi An Road, Changchun, 130062, China.
| | - Shilpa Buch
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 42nd and Emile, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA.
| | - Ling Chen
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, 140 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210029, China.
| | - Honghong Yao
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical School of Southeast University, 87 Dingjiaqiao, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China.
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Scaramuzzi RJ, Zouaïdi N, Menassol JB, Dupont J. The effects of intravenous, glucose versus saline on ovarian follicles and their levels of some mediators of insulin signalling. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2015; 13:6. [PMID: 25604903 PMCID: PMC4417278 DOI: 10.1186/1477-7827-13-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2014] [Accepted: 01/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A short-term increase in food intake and specifically dietary energy can stimulate folliculogenesis and increase ovulation rate in ewes. The mechanism appears to involve the insulin-glucose metabolic system and its interaction with FSH signalling pathways in the granulosa cells of ovarian follicles. This experiment was designed to investigate the interaction between these two systems in the granulosa cells of ovarian follicles. METHODS Thirty six Ile-de-France ewes were used in this controlled experiment to study the effects of intravenous glucose on folliculogenesis. Eighteen ewes were infused with glucose (10 mM/h for 72 h) from day 8 of the oestrous cycle, while the others (controls) received saline. Ovaries were collected when the infusions ended (luteal phase) or 30 h later and after a luteolytic dose of a PGF2α analogue (follicular phase). Follicles were dissected and granulosa cells and follicular fluid harvested. The blood concentrations of glucose, insulin, oestradiol and FSH were monitored over the experiment. The levels of Aromatase P450 and of the phosphorylated and non-phosphorylated forms of Akt, AMPK and ERK in granulosa cells and the concentration of oestradiol in follicular fluid, were determined. RESULTS Glucose increased the circulating concentration of glucose (P < 0.05) and insulin (P < 0.05). It also increased the total number of follicles >1.0 mm in diameter (P < 0.05) and small (P < 0.05) follicles (>1.0 to 2.0 mm in diameter) but not medium (>2.0 to 3.5 mm in diameter) or large (>3.5 mm in diameter) follicles. Glucose decreased circulating oestradiol (P < 0.05) but not that of FSH or progesterone. Glucose reduced aromatase P450 (P < 0.05) and decreased the phosphorylation of Akt (P < 0.05), ERK (P < 0.05) and AMPK (P < 0.05) in granulosa cells from oestrogenic follicles. The level of Aromatase P450 was greatest in large oestrogenic follicles and the phosphorylation of Akt (P < 0.05), ERK (P < 0.05) and AMPK (P < 0.05) was lower in small follicles compared to medium and large follicles. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that the effect of glucose in small follicles is a direct action of glucose that increases the number of small follicles while the effect of glucose in oestrogenic follicles is an indirect insulin-mediated action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rex John Scaramuzzi
- L'Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 6175, Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, Nouzilly, 37380, France.
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, The Royal Veterinary College, Hawkshead Lane, North Mimms, Hertfordshire, AL9 7TA, UK.
| | - Nesrine Zouaïdi
- L'Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 6175, Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, Nouzilly, 37380, France.
| | - Jean-Baptiste Menassol
- L'Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 6175, Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, Nouzilly, 37380, France.
- L'Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UR 1213 URH Unité de Recherches sur les Herbivores, Centre de recherche de Clermont-Ferrand-Theix, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
| | - Joëlle Dupont
- L'Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 6175, Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, Nouzilly, 37380, France.
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Fukui H, Zhang X, Sun C, Hara K, Kikuchi S, Yamasaki T, Kondo T, Tomita T, Oshima T, Watari J, Imura J, Fujimori T, Sasako M, Miwa H. IL-22 produced by cancer-associated fibroblasts promotes gastric cancer cell invasion via STAT3 and ERK signaling. Br J Cancer 2014; 111:763-71. [PMID: 24937671 PMCID: PMC4134496 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2014.336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2014] [Revised: 05/17/2014] [Accepted: 05/20/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interleukin-22 (IL-22) has been recently highlighted owing to its biological significance in the modulation of tissue responses during inflammation. However, the role of IL-22 in carcinogenesis has remained unclear. Here, we investigated the pathophysiological significance of IL-22 expression in gastric cancer tissues and examined the mechanism by which IL-22 promotes gastric cancer cell invasion. METHODS Human gastric cancer specimens were analysed by immunohistochemistry for expression of IL-22 and IL-22 receptor 1 (IL-22R1). The effects of IL-22-induced STAT3 and ERK signalling on invasive ability of gastric cancer cells were examined using a small-interfering RNA system and specific inhibitors. AGS cells were co-cultured with cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) from human gastric cancer tissues and assessed by invasion assay. RESULTS Interleukin-22 and its receptor were expressed in α-smooth muscle actin-positive stromal cells and tumour cells at the invasive front of gastric cancer tissues, respectively. The expression of IL-22 and IL-22R1 was significantly related to lymphatic invasion. Interleukin-22 treatment promoted the invasive ability of gastric cancer cells through STAT3 and ERK activation. The invasive ability of gastric cancer cells was significantly enhanced by co-culture with IL-22-expressing CAFs. CONCLUSIONS Interleukin-22 produced by CAFs promotes gastric cancer cell invasion via STAT3 and ERK signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Fukui
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Japan
| | - X Zhang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Japan
- Department of Geriatric Digestive Internal Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science & Sichuan People's Hospital, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - C Sun
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Japan
- Department of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - K Hara
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Japan
| | - S Kikuchi
- Department of Surgery, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Japan
| | - T Yamasaki
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Japan
| | - T Kondo
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Japan
| | - T Tomita
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Japan
| | - T Oshima
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Japan
| | - J Watari
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Japan
| | - J Imura
- Department of Surgical and Molecular Pathology, Dokkyo University School of Medicine, Tochigi 321-0293, Japan
| | - T Fujimori
- Department of Surgical and Molecular Pathology, Dokkyo University School of Medicine, Tochigi 321-0293, Japan
| | - M Sasako
- Department of Surgery, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Japan
| | - H Miwa
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Japan
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XUE LI, LI MING, CHEN TENG, SUN HAIFENG, ZHU JIE, LI XIA, WU FENG, WANG BIAO, LI JUPING, CHEN YANJIONG. PE‑induced apoptosis in SMMC‑7721 cells: involvement of Erk and Stat signalling pathways. Int J Mol Med 2014; 34:119-29. [PMID: 24821075 PMCID: PMC4072400 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2014.1777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2014] [Accepted: 04/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence indicates that the redistribution of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) across the bilayer of the plasma membrane is an important molecular marker for apoptosis. However, the effect of PE on apoptosis and the underlying mechanism of PE remain unclear. In the current study, MTT and flow cytometric assays were used to examine the effects of PE on apoptosis in SMMC‑7721 cells. The level of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) and the expression of Bax, Bcl‑2, caspase‑3, phospho‑Erk and phospho‑Stat1/2 in SMMC‑7721 cells that were exposed to PE were also investigated. The results showed that PE inhibited proliferation, caused G0/G1 phase cell cycle arrest and induced apoptosis in SMMC‑7721 cells in a dose‑dependent manner. Rhodamine 123 staining showed that the treatment of SMMC‑7721 cells with different concentrations of PE for 24 h significantly decreased the level of ΔΨm and exerted dose‑dependent effects. Using immunofluorescence and western blotting, we found that the expression of Bax was upregulated, whereas that of Bcl‑2 was downregulated in PE‑induced apoptotic cells. In addition, these events were accompanied by an increase in caspase‑3 expression in a dose‑dependent manner following PE treatment. PE‑induced apoptosis was accompanied by a decrease in Erk phospho-rylation and by the activation of Stat1/2 phosphorylation in SMMC‑7721 cells. In conclusion, the results suggested that PE‑induced apoptosis is involved in upregulating the Bax/Bcl‑2 protein ratio and decreasing the ΔΨm. Moreover, the results showed that the Erk and Stat1/2 signalling pathways may be involved in the process of PE‑induced apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- LI XUE
- Forensic Medicine College of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Key Laboratory of the Health Ministry for Forensic Medicine, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
- Department of Immunology and Pathogenic Biology, Xi’an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - MING LI
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - TENG CHEN
- Forensic Medicine College of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Key Laboratory of the Health Ministry for Forensic Medicine, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - HAIFENG SUN
- Tumour Hospital of Shaanxi Province, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - JIE ZHU
- Forensic Medicine College of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Key Laboratory of the Health Ministry for Forensic Medicine, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - XIA LI
- VIP Internal Medicine Department, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730030, P.R. China
| | - FENG WU
- Graduate Teaching and Experimental Centre, Xi’an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - BIAO WANG
- Department of Immunology and Pathogenic Biology, Xi’an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - JUPING LI
- School of Public Security, Northwest University of Politics and Law, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710063, P.R. China
| | - YANJIONG CHEN
- Department of Immunology and Pathogenic Biology, Xi’an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
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Alcantara LF, Warren BL, Parise EM, Iñiguez SD, Bolaños-Guzmán CA. Effects of psychotropic drugs on second messenger signaling and preference for nicotine in juvenile male mice. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2014; 231:1479-92. [PMID: 24452697 PMCID: PMC5534174 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-014-3434-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2013] [Accepted: 12/30/2013] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE A common treatment strategy for pediatric attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and major depressive disorder (MDD) is combined methylphenidate (MPH) and fluoxetine (FLX). This has raised concerns because MPH + FLX treatment may have pharmacodynamic properties similar to cocaine, potentially increasing drug abuse liability. OBJECTIVES To examine the short- and long-term consequences of repeated vehicle, MPH, FLX, MPH + FLX, and cocaine treatment on gene expression in juvenile (postnatal days [PD] 20-34) and adult (PD 70-84) male mice. We further assessed whether juvenile drug treatment influenced subsequent sensitivity for nicotine in adulthood. METHODS Juvenile and adult C57BL/6J mice received vehicle, MPH, FLX, MPH + FLX, or cocaine twice-daily for 15 consecutive days. Mice were sacrificed 24 h or 2 months after the last drug injection to assess drug-induced effects on the extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase-1/2 (ERK) pathway within the ventral tegmental area. Subsequent sensitivity for nicotine (0.05, 0.07, and 0.09 mg/kg) was measured using the place-conditioning paradigm (CPP) 24 h and 2 months after juvenile drug exposure. RESULTS MPH + FLX, or cocaine exposure in juvenile mice increased mRNA expression of ERK2 and its downstream targets (CREB, cFos, and Zif268), and increased protein phosphorylation of ERK2 and CREB 2 months after drug exposure. Similar mRNA findings were observed in the adult-treated mice. Findings on gene expression 24 h following drug treatment were variable. Juvenile drug exposure increased preference for nicotine when tested in adulthood. CONCLUSIONS Early-life MPH + FLX, or cocaine exposure similarly disrupts the ERK pathway, a signaling cascade implicated in motivation and mood regulation, and increases sensitivity for nicotine in adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyonna F Alcantara
- Department of Psychology and Program in Neuroscience, Florida State University, 1107 West Call Street, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA
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Martín-Pérez R, Palacios C, Yerbes R, Cano-González A, Iglesias-Serret D, Gil J, Reginato MJ, López-Rivas A. Activated ERBB2/HER2 licenses sensitivity to apoptosis upon endoplasmic reticulum stress through a P ERK-dependent pathway. Cancer Res 2014; 74:1766-77. [PMID: 24453000 PMCID: PMC4053205 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-13-1747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
HER2/Neu/ERBB2 is a receptor tyrosine kinase overexpressed in approximately 20% of human breast tumors. Truncated or mutant isoforms that show increased oncogenicity compared with the wild-type receptor are found in many breast tumors. Here, we report that constitutively active ERBB2 sensitizes human breast epithelial cells to agents that induce endoplasmic reticulum stress, altering the unfolded protein response (UPR) of these cells. Deregulation of the ERK, AKT, and mTOR activities elicited by mutant ERBB2 was involved in mediating this differential UPR response, elevating the response to endoplasmic reticulum stress, and apoptotic cell death. Mechanistic investigations revealed that the increased sensitivity of mutant ERBB2-expressing cells to endoplasmic reticulum stress relied upon a UPR effector signaling involving the PERK-ATF4-CHOP pathway, upregulation of the proapoptotic cell surface receptor TRAIL-R2, and activation of proapoptotic caspase-8. Collectively, our results offer a rationale for the therapeutic exploration of treatments inducing endoplasmic reticulum stress against mutant ERBB2-expressing breast tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Martín-Pérez
- Centro Andaluz de Biología Molecular y Medicina
Regenerativa-CSIC, CABIMER, Avda Américo Vespucio s/n, 41092 Sevilla,
Spain
| | - Carmen Palacios
- Centro Andaluz de Biología Molecular y Medicina
Regenerativa-CSIC, CABIMER, Avda Américo Vespucio s/n, 41092 Sevilla,
Spain
| | - Rosario Yerbes
- Centro Andaluz de Biología Molecular y Medicina
Regenerativa-CSIC, CABIMER, Avda Américo Vespucio s/n, 41092 Sevilla,
Spain
| | - Ana Cano-González
- Centro Andaluz de Biología Molecular y Medicina
Regenerativa-CSIC, CABIMER, Avda Américo Vespucio s/n, 41092 Sevilla,
Spain
| | - Daniel Iglesias-Serret
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques II, Institut
d’Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL)-Universitat
de Barcelona, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan Gil
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques II, Institut
d’Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL)-Universitat
de Barcelona, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mauricio J. Reginato
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Drexel University
College of Medicine, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Abelardo López-Rivas
- Centro Andaluz de Biología Molecular y Medicina
Regenerativa-CSIC, CABIMER, Avda Américo Vespucio s/n, 41092 Sevilla,
Spain
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Haagenson KK, Zhang JW, Xu Z, Shekhar MP, Wu GS. Functional analysis of MKP-1 and MKP-2 in breast cancer tamoxifen sensitivity. Oncotarget 2014; 5:1101-10. [PMID: 24658355 PMCID: PMC4011587 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.1795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2014] [Accepted: 11/03/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Increased activation of ERK signaling has been reported in breast cancer models of acquired tamoxifen resistance. Here, we examined the expression of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Phosphatases (MKPs) 1 and 2 following tamoxifen treatment and the effects of MKP-1/MKP-2 overexpression on tamoxifen sensitivity. Treatment of MCF7 breast cancer cells with tamoxifen increased MKP-2, but not MKP-1, protein levels. Overexpression of MKP-1 or MKP-2 inhibited estrogen-induced MCF7 cell proliferation compared to vector controls. MCF7-MKP-2 cells displayed significantly increased sensitivity to tamoxifen as compared to vector control or MCF7-MKP-1 cells. MKP-1 or MKP-2 overexpression eliminated ERK1/2 phosphorylation, suggesting that decreases in estrogen-induced proliferation of MKP-1 and MKP-2 overexpressing cells are due to ERK1/2 dephosphorylation. JNK1/2 activation was not detectable in any of these cells. These data suggest that tamoxifen-induced death of these cells is not dependent upon JNK signaling, but rather that ERK is the major MAPK driving their proliferation. MCF7-TAMR cells express higher levels of MKP-2 mRNA and protein than MCF7 cells. MKP-2 and phospho-ERK1/2 proteins are constitutively expressed in MCF7-TAMR cells, and activated JNK1/2 is not detectable. These data suggest that MKP-2 rather than MKP-1 is tamoxifen-regulated and that the elevated expression of MKP-2 in MCF7-TAMR cells potentially functions to restore tamoxifen sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly K. Haagenson
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI
- Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI
| | | | - Zhengfan Xu
- Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI
| | - Malathy P.V. Shekhar
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI
- Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI
- Department of Pathology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI
| | - Gen Sheng Wu
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI
- Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI
- Department of Pathology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI
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Bergholz J, Zhang Y, Wu J, Meng L, Walsh EM, Rai A, Sherman MY, Xiao ZXJ. ΔNp63α regulates Erk signaling via MKP3 to inhibit cancer metastasis. Oncogene 2014; 33:212-24. [PMID: 23246965 PMCID: PMC3962654 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2012.564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2012] [Revised: 09/17/2012] [Accepted: 10/09/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Reduced expression of the p53 family member p63 has been suggested to play a causative role in cancer metastasis. Here, we show that ΔNp63α, the predominant p63 isoform, plays a major role in regulation of cell migration, invasion and cancer metastasis. We identified mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase phosphatase 3 (MKP3) as a downstream target of ΔNp63α that is required for mediating these effects. We show that ΔNp63α regulates extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases 1 and 2 (Erk1/2) activity via MKP3 in both cancer and non-transformed cells. We further show that exogenous ΔNp63α inhibits cell invasion and is dependent on MKP3 upregulation for repression. Conversely, endogenous pan-p63 ablation results in increased cell migration and invasion, which can be reverted by reintroducing the ΔNp63α isoform alone, but not by other isoforms. Interestingly, these effects require Erk2, but not Erk1 expression, and can be rescued by enforced MKP3 expression. Moreover, MKP3 expression is reduced in invasive cancers, and reduced p63 expression increases metastatic frequency in vivo. Taken together, these results suggest an important role for ΔNp63α in preventing cancer metastasis by inhibition of Erk2 signaling via MKP3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johann Bergholz
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118. U.S.A
- Center of Growth, Metabolism and Aging, College of Life Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610014. China
| | - Yujun Zhang
- Center of Growth, Metabolism and Aging, College of Life Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610014. China
| | - Junfeng Wu
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118. U.S.A
| | - Le Meng
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118. U.S.A
| | - Erica M. Walsh
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118. U.S.A
| | - Arun Rai
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118. U.S.A
| | - Michael Y. Sherman
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118. U.S.A
| | - Zhi-Xiong Jim Xiao
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118. U.S.A
- Center of Growth, Metabolism and Aging, College of Life Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610014. China
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Stellzig J, Chariot A, Shostak K, Ismail Göktuna S, Renner F, Acker T, Pagenstecher A, Schmitz ML. Deregulated expression of TANK in glioblastomas triggers pro-tumorigenic ERK1/2 and AKT signaling pathways. Oncogenesis 2013; 2:e79. [PMID: 24217713 PMCID: PMC3849693 DOI: 10.1038/oncsis.2013.42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2013] [Revised: 09/29/2013] [Accepted: 10/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Signal transmission by the noncanonical IkappaB kinases (IKKs), TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1) and IKKɛ, requires interaction with adapter proteins such as TRAF associated NF-κB activator (TANK). Although increased expression or dysregulation of both kinases has been described for a variety of human cancers, this study shows that deregulated expression of the TANK protein is frequently occurring in glioblastomas (GBMs). The functional relevance of TANK was analyzed in a panel of GBM-derived cell lines and revealed that knockdown of TANK arrests cells in the S-phase and prohibits tumor cell migration. Deregulated TANK expression affects several signaling pathways controlling cell proliferation and the inflammatory response. Interference with stoichiometrically assembled signaling complexes by overexpression or silencing of TANK prevented constitutive interferon-regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) phosphorylation. Knockdown of TANK frequently prevents constitutive activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2). TANK-mediated ERK1/2 activation is independent from the canonical MAP kinase or ERK kinase (MEK) 1/2-mediated pathway and utilizes an alternative pathway that uses a TBK1/IKKɛ/Akt signaling axis, thus identifying a novel pathway suitable to block constitutive ERK1/2 activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Stellzig
- Institute of Biochemistry, Justus-Liebig-University, Medical Faculty, Friedrichstraße 24, Gießen, Germany
| | - A Chariot
- Laboratory of Medical Chemistry, GIGA-Signal Transduction, University of Liège, C.H.U. Sart Tilman, Liège, Belgium
- WELBIO, University of Liège, C.H.U. Sart Tilman, Liège, Belgium
| | - K Shostak
- Laboratory of Medical Chemistry, GIGA-Signal Transduction, University of Liège, C.H.U. Sart Tilman, Liège, Belgium
| | - S Ismail Göktuna
- Laboratory of Medical Chemistry, GIGA-Signal Transduction, University of Liège, C.H.U. Sart Tilman, Liège, Belgium
| | - F Renner
- Institute of Biochemistry, Justus-Liebig-University, Medical Faculty, Friedrichstraße 24, Gießen, Germany
| | - T Acker
- Institute of Neuropathology, Justus-Liebig-University, Aulweg 123, Gießen, Germany
| | - A Pagenstecher
- Department of Neuropathology, University of Marburg, Baldingerstraße, Marburg, Germany
| | - M L Schmitz
- Institute of Biochemistry, Justus-Liebig-University, Medical Faculty, Friedrichstraße 24, Gießen, Germany
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40
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Sun WL, Zelek-Molik A, McGinty JF. Short and long access to cocaine self-administration activates tyrosine phosphatase STEP and attenuates GluN expression but differentially regulates GluA expression in the prefrontal cortex. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2013; 229:603-13. [PMID: 23624776 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-013-3118-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2013] [Accepted: 04/10/2013] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Dephosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and cyclic AMP response element binding protein (CREB) in the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC) at the end of short access (ShA) cocaine self-administration is implicated in cocaine seeking. However, what receptors and phosphatases mediate this effect and whether ERK/CREB and related phospho-proteins in the dmPFC react similarly during early withdrawal from long access (LgA) cocaine self-administration are unknown. OBJECTIVES The effects of ShA vs. LgA cocaine self-administration on the phosphorylation of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) and striatal-enriched protein tyrosine phosphatase (STEP), as well as GluN and GluA receptor subtype expression in the dmPFC during early withdrawal, were compared. METHODS Rats self-administered cocaine or received saline during 2- or 6-h daily sessions for 10-11 days. Two hours after the final session, the dmPFC was dissected out and processed for immunoblotting. RESULTS Similar to previous findings after ShA cocaine, phospho-ERK and phospho-CREB in the dmPFC were decreased after LgA cocaine. Cocaine elevated phospho-PP2A (deactivation) and decreased phospho-STEP (activation) in both ShA and LgA cocaine rats. GluN1, GluN2B, and phospho-GluN2B Tyr1472 in the dmPFC were decreased after ShA and LgA cocaine. Further, a significant reduction of GluA2, GluA1, and phospho-GluA1 Ser845 was found only in LgA rats. CONCLUSIONS Activation of phospho-STEP may underlie ERK and CREB dephosphorylation in the dmPFC as well as internalization and degradation of GluN complexes during early withdrawal from both ShA and LgA cocaine self-administration, whereas differential alteration of AMPA receptor subunits after ShA and LgA cocaine self-administration depends on cocaine intake.
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Abstract
RATIONALE Hypersignaling of corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) has been implicated in stress disorders; however, many of its downstream mechanisms of action remain unclear. In vitro, CRF1 receptor activation initiates multiple cell signaling cascades, including protein kinase A (PKA), protein kinase C (PKC), and mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase MEK1/2 signaling. It is unclear, however, which of these signaling cascades mediate CRF-induced behaviors during stress. OBJECTIVES We examined the role of PKA, PKC, and MEK1/2 signaling pathways in CRF-induced anxiety as measured by startle hyperreactivity. METHODS Mice treated with intracerbroventricular (ICV) ovine CRF (oCRF) were pretreated with the PKA inhibitor Rp-cAMPS, PKC inhibitor bisindolylmaleimide (BIM), or MEK1/2 inhibitor PD98059 (ICV) and assessed for acoustic startle reactivity. RESULTS The PKC inhibitor BIM significantly attenuated CRF-induced increases in startle. BIM was also able to block startle increases induced by oCRF when both compounds were infused directly into the bed nucleus of stria terminalis (BNST). PKA and MEK1/2 inhibition had no significant effects on CRF-induced changes in startle at the dose ranges tested. CRF-induced disruption of prepulse inhibition was not significantly reversed by any of the three pretreatments at the dose ranges tested. CONCLUSIONS PKC signaling is required for CRF-induced increases in startle, and this effect is mediated at least in part at the BNST. These findings suggest that PKC signaling cascades (1) may be important for the acute effects of CRF to induce startle hyperreactivity and (2) support further research of the role of PKC signaling in startle abnormalities relevant to disorders such as posttraumatic stress disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toth M
- Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, Veterans Affairs Hospital, La Jolla CA USA,Dept. of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla CA USA
| | - Gresack JE
- Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, Veterans Affairs Hospital, La Jolla CA USA,Dept. of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla CA USA,Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, The Rockefeller University, New York NY USA
| | - Hauger RL
- Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, Veterans Affairs Hospital, La Jolla CA USA,Dept. of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla CA USA
| | - Halberstadt AL
- Dept. of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla CA USA
| | - Risbrough VB
- Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, Veterans Affairs Hospital, La Jolla CA USA,Dept. of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla CA USA,Corresponding author: Victoria Risbrough, Ph.D., University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr. MC0804, La Jolla CA 92093-0804, Tel: 16195433582; Fax: 16195432475:
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42
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Fujita Y, Sato A, Yamashita T. Brimonidine promotes axon growth after optic nerve injury through Erk phosphorylation. Cell Death Dis 2013; 4:e763. [PMID: 23928702 PMCID: PMC3763459 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2013.298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2013] [Revised: 06/27/2013] [Accepted: 07/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
It is well known that axons of the adult mammalian central nervous system have a very limited ability to regenerate after injury. Therefore, the neurodegenerative process of glaucoma results in irreversible functional deficits, such as blindness. Brimonidine (BMD) is an alpha2-adrenergic receptor agonist that is used commonly to lower intraocular pressure in glaucoma. Although it has been suggested that BMD has neuroprotective effects, the underlying mechanism remains unknown. In this study, we explored the molecular mechanism underlying the neuroprotective effect of BMD in an optic nerve injury (ONI) model. BMD treatment promoted optic nerve regeneration by inducing Erk1/2 phosphorylation after ONI. In addition, an Erk1/2 antagonist suppressed BMD-mediated axonal regeneration. A gene expression analysis revealed that the expression of the neurotrophin receptor gene p75 was increased and that the expression of the tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB) gene was decreased after ONI. BMD treatment abrogated the changes in the expression of these genes. These results indicate that BMD promotes optic nerve regeneration via the activation of Erk1/2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Fujita
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Osaka, Japan
- Japan Science and Technology Agency, Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, 5 Sanbancho, Tokyo, Japan
| | - A Sato
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Osaka, Japan
- Japan Science and Technology Agency, Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, 5 Sanbancho, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Yamashita
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Osaka, Japan
- Japan Science and Technology Agency, Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, 5 Sanbancho, Tokyo, Japan
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is a devastating disease, with an overall 5-year survival rate of only 3% to 5%. As the current therapies offer very limited survival benefits, novel therapeutic strategies are urgently required to treat this disease. Here, we determined whether metformin administration inhibits the growth of PANC-1 and MiaPaCa-2 tumor xenografts in vivo. METHODS Different xenograft models, including orthotopic implantation, were used to determine whether intraperitoneal or oral administration of metformin inhibits the growth of pancreatic cancer in vivo. RESULTS We demonstrate that metformin given once daily intraperitoneally at various doses (50-250 mg/kg) to nude mice inhibited the growth of PANC-1 xenografts in a dose-dependent manner. A significant effect of metformin was obtained at 50 mg/kg and maximal effect at 200 mg/kg. Metformin administration also caused a significant reduction in the phosphorylation of ribosomal S6 protein and ERK in these xenografts. Metformin also inhibited the growth of pancreatic cancer xenografts when administered orally (2.5 mg/mL) either before or after tumor implantation. Importantly, oral administration of metformin also inhibited the growth of MiaPaCa-2 tumors xenografted orthotopically. CONCLUSIONS The studies presented here provide further evidence indicating that metformin offers a potential novel approach for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma prevention and therapy.
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44
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Samal B, Ait-Ali D, Bunn S, Mustafa T, Eiden LE. Discrete signal transduction pathway utilization by a neuropeptide (PACAP) and a cytokine (TNF-alpha) first messenger in chromaffin cells, inferred from coupled transcriptome-promoter analysis of regulated gene cohorts. Peptides 2013; 45:48-60. [PMID: 23608709 PMCID: PMC3807697 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2013.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2013] [Revised: 03/14/2013] [Accepted: 03/14/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Cultured bovine adrenal chromaffin cells (BCCs) are employed to study first messenger-specific signaling by cytokines and neurotransmitters occurring in the adrenal medulla following immune-related stress responses. Here, we show that the cytokine TNF-alpha, and the neuropeptide transmitter PACAP, acting through the TNFR2 and PAC1 receptors, activate distinct signaling pathways, with correspondingly distinct transcriptomic signatures in chromaffin cells. We have carried out a comprehensive integrated transcriptome analysis of TNF-alpha and PACAP gene regulation in BCCs using two microarray platforms to maximize transcript identification. Microarray data were validated using qRT-PCR. More than 90% of the transcripts up-regulated either by TNF-alpha or PACAP were specific to a single first messenger. The final list of transcripts induced by each first messenger was subjected to multiple algorithms to identify promoter/enhancer response elements for trans-acting factors whose activation could account for gene expression by either TNF-alpha or PACAP. Distinct groups of transcription factors potentially controlling the expression of TNF-alpha or PACAP-responsive genes were found: most of the genes up-regulated by TNF-alpha contained transcription factor binding sites for members of the Rel transcription factor family, suggesting TNF-alpha-TNFR2 signaling occurs mainly through the NF-KB signaling pathway. Surprisingly, EGR1 was predicted to be the primary transcription factor controlling PACAP-modulated genes, suggesting PACAP signaling to the nucleus occurs predominantly through ERK, rather than CREB activation. Comparison of TNFR2-dependent versus TNFR1-dependent gene induction, and EGR1-mediated transcriptional activation, may provide a pharmacological avenue to the unique pathways activated by the first messengers TNF-alpha and PACAP in neuronal and endocrine cells.
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MESH Headings
- Adrenal Glands/cytology
- Adrenal Glands/drug effects
- Adrenal Glands/immunology
- Animals
- Cattle
- Chromaffin Cells/cytology
- Chromaffin Cells/drug effects
- Chromaffin Cells/immunology
- Enhancer Elements, Genetic/drug effects
- Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases/genetics
- Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases/immunology
- Gene Expression Profiling
- Gene Expression Regulation
- NF-kappa B/genetics
- NF-kappa B/immunology
- Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide/pharmacology
- Primary Cell Culture
- Promoter Regions, Genetic/drug effects
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/immunology
- Receptors, Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide, Type I/genetics
- Receptors, Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide, Type I/immunology
- Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type II/genetics
- Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type II/immunology
- Signal Transduction
- Stress, Physiological
- Transcriptome/drug effects
- Transcriptome/immunology
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/pharmacology
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Affiliation(s)
- Babru Samal
- Section on Molecular Neuroscience, Laboratory of Cellular and
Molecular Regulation, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD 20892,
USA
| | - Djida Ait-Ali
- Section on Molecular Neuroscience, Laboratory of Cellular and
Molecular Regulation, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD 20892,
USA
| | - Stephen Bunn
- Centre for Neuroendocrinology, Department of Anatomy, School of
Medical Sciences, University of Otego, PO Box 913, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Tomris Mustafa
- Section on Molecular Neuroscience, Laboratory of Cellular and
Molecular Regulation, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD 20892,
USA
| | - Lee E. Eiden
- Section on Molecular Neuroscience, Laboratory of Cellular and
Molecular Regulation, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD 20892,
USA
- Corresponding author at: Section on Molecular
Neuroscience, Building 49, Room 5A-38,9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892,
USA. Tel.: +1 301 496 4110; fax: +1 301 402 1748
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Zhao LJ, Wang W, Ren H, Qi ZT. ERK signaling is triggered by hepatitis C virus E2 protein through DC-SIGN. Cell Stress Chaperones 2013; 18:495-501. [PMID: 23378214 PMCID: PMC3682013 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-013-0405-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2012] [Revised: 01/22/2013] [Accepted: 01/23/2013] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cell-specific intercellular adhesion molecule-3-grabbing nonintegrin (DC-SIGN) is a binding receptor for hepatitis C virus (HCV). Binding of HCV envelope protein E2 to target cells is a prerequisite to DC-SIGN-mediated signaling. Using cell lines with stable or transient expression of DC-SIGN, we investigated effects of soluble HCV E2 protein on ERK pathway. MEK and ERK are activated by the E2 in NIH3T3 cells stably expressing DC-SIGN. Treatment of the cells with antibody to DC-SIGN results in inhibition of the E2 binding as well as the E2-induced MEK and ERK activation. In HEK293T cells transiently expressing DC-SIGN, activation of MEK and ERK is also induced by the E2. Activation of ERK pathway by HCV E2 through DC-SIGN provides useful information for understanding cellular receptor-mediated signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan-Juan Zhao
- />Department of Microbiology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Biodefense, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wen Wang
- />Department of Microbiology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Biodefense, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hao Ren
- />Department of Microbiology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Biodefense, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhong-Tian Qi
- />Department of Microbiology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Biodefense, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- />Department of Microbiology, Second Military Medical University, 800 Xiang-Yin Road, Shanghai, 200433 China
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Ivanov VN, Hei TK. Induction of apoptotic death and retardation of neuronal differentiation of human neural stem cells by sodium arsenite treatment. Exp Cell Res 2013; 319:875-87. [PMID: 23219847 PMCID: PMC3593966 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2012.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2012] [Revised: 11/26/2012] [Accepted: 11/27/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Chronic arsenic toxicity is a global health problem that affects more than 100 million people worldwide. Long-term health effects of inorganic sodium arsenite in drinking water may result in skin, lung and liver cancers and in severe neurological abnormalities. We investigated in the present study whether sodium arsenite affects signaling pathways that control cell survival, proliferation and neuronal differentiation of human neural stem cells (NSC). We demonstrated that the critical signaling pathway, which was suppressed by sodium arsenite in NSC, was the protective PI3K-AKT pathway. Sodium arsenite (2-4μM) also caused down-regulation of Nanog, one of the key transcription factors that control pluripotency and self-renewal of stem cells. Mitochondrial damage and cytochrome-c release induced by sodium arsenite exposure was followed by initiation of the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway in NSC. Beside caspase-9 and caspase-3 inhibitors, suppression of JNK activity decreased levels of arsenite-induced apoptosis in NSC. Neuronal differentiation of NSC was substantially inhibited by sodium arsenite exposure. Overactivation of JNK1 and ERK1/2 and down-regulation of PI3K-AKT activity induced by sodium arsenite were critical factors that strongly affected neuronal differentiation. In conclusion, sodium arsenite exposure of human NSC induces the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway, which is substantially accelerated due to the simultaneous suppression of PI3K-AKT. Sodium arsenite also negatively affects neuronal differentiation of NSC through overactivation of MEK-ERK and suppression of PI3K-AKT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir N Ivanov
- Center for Radiological Research, Department of Radiation Oncology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, 630 West 168th Street, NY 10032, USA.
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Gortazar AR, Martin-Millan M, Bravo B, Plotkin LI, Bellido T. Crosstalk between caveolin-1/extracellular signal-regulated kinase ( ERK) and β-catenin survival pathways in osteocyte mechanotransduction. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:8168-8175. [PMID: 23362257 PMCID: PMC3605635 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.437921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2012] [Revised: 12/19/2012] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteocyte viability is a critical determinant of bone strength and is promoted by both mechanical stimulation and activation of the Wnt signaling pathway. Earlier studies demonstrated that both stimuli promote survival of osteocytes by activating the ERKs. Here, we show that there is interaction between the caveolin-1/ERK and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways in the transduction of mechanical cues into osteocyte survival. Thus, ERK nuclear translocation and anti-apoptosis induced by mechanical stimulation are abolished by the Wnt antagonist Dkk1 and the β-catenin degradation stimulator Axin2. Conversely, GSK3β phosphorylation and β-catenin accumulation induced by mechanical stimulation are abolished by either pharmacologic inhibition of ERKs or silencing caveolin-1. In contrast, the canonical Wnt signaling inhibitor dominant-negative T cell factor does not alter ERK nuclear translocation or survival induced by mechanical stimulation. These findings demonstrate that β-catenin accumulation is an essential component of the mechanotransduction machinery in osteocytes, albeit β-catenin/T cell factor-mediated transcription is not required. The simultaneous requirement of β-catenin for ERK activation and of ERK activation for β-catenin accumulation suggests a bidirectional crosstalk between the caveolin-1/ERK and Wnt/β-catenin pathways in mechanotransduction leading to osteocyte survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arancha R Gortazar
- Institute of Applied Molecular Medicine (IMMA), San Pablo-CEU University School of Medicine, 28003 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Martin-Millan
- Instituto de Formación e Investigación Marqués Valdecilla (IFIVAV), 39011 Santander, Spain
| | - Beatriz Bravo
- Institute of Applied Molecular Medicine (IMMA), San Pablo-CEU University School of Medicine, 28003 Madrid, Spain
| | - Lilian I Plotkin
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202
| | - Teresita Bellido
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202; Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202.
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Yao C, Oh JH, Oh IG, Park CH, Chung JH. [6]-Shogaol inhibits melanogenesis in B16 mouse melanoma cells through activation of the ERK pathway. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2013; 34:289-94. [PMID: 23123645 PMCID: PMC4011614 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2012.134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2012] [Accepted: 08/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate the effect of [6]-shogaol, an active ingredient in ginger, on melanogenesis and the underlying mechanisms. METHODS B16F10 mouse melanoma cells were tested. Cell viability was determined with the MTT assay. Melanin content and tyrosinase activity were analyzed with a spectrophotometer. The protein expression of tyrosinase and microphthalmia associated transcription factor (MITF), as well as phosphorylated or total ERK1/2 and Akt were measured using Western blot. RESULTS Treatment of the cells with [6]-shogaol (1, 5, 10 μmol/L) reduced the melanin content in a concentration-dependent manner. [6]-Shogaol (5 and 10 μmol/L) significantly decreased the intracellular tyrosinase activity, and markedly suppressed the expression levels of tyrosinase and MITF proteins in the cells. Furthermore, [6]-shogaol (10 μmol/L) activated ERK, which was known to negatively regulate melanin synthesis in these cells. Pretreatment with the specific ERK pathway inhibitor PD98059 (20 μmol/L) greatly attenuated the inhibition of melanin synthesis by [6]-shogaol (10 μmol/L). CONCLUSION The results demonstrate that [6]-shogaol inhibits melanogenesis in B16F10 mouse melanoma cells via activating the ERK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Yao
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 110–744, Korea
- Institute of Dermatological Science, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul 110–744, Korea
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Aging Research, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 110–744, Korea
| | - Jang-hee Oh
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 110–744, Korea
- Institute of Dermatological Science, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul 110–744, Korea
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Aging Research, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 110–744, Korea
| | - Inn Gyung Oh
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 110–744, Korea
- Institute of Dermatological Science, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul 110–744, Korea
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Aging Research, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 110–744, Korea
| | - Chi-hyun Park
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 110–744, Korea
- Institute of Dermatological Science, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul 110–744, Korea
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Aging Research, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 110–744, Korea
| | - Jin Ho Chung
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 110–744, Korea
- Institute of Dermatological Science, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul 110–744, Korea
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Aging Research, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 110–744, Korea
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Zhang S, Wang X, Iqbal S, Wang Y, Osunkoya AO, Chen Z, Chen Z, Shin DM, Yuan H, Wang YA, Zhau HE, Chung LWK, Ritenour C, Kucuk O, Wu D. Epidermal growth factor promotes protein degradation of epithelial protein lost in neoplasm (EPLIN), a putative metastasis suppressor, during epithelial-mesenchymal transition. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:1469-79. [PMID: 23188829 PMCID: PMC3548460 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.438341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant expression of EGF receptors has been associated with hormone-refractory and metastatic prostate cancer (PCa). However, the molecular mechanism for EGF signaling in promoting PCa metastasis remains elusive. Using experimental models of PCa metastasis, we demonstrated that EGF could induce robust epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and increase invasiveness. Interestingly, EGF was found to be capable of promoting protein turnover of epithelial protein lost in neoplasm (EPLIN), a putative suppressor of EMT and tumor metastasis. Mechanistic study revealed that EGF could activate the phosphorylation, ubiquitination, and degradation of EPLIN through an extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2)-dependent signaling cascade. Pharmacological inhibition of the ERK1/2 pathway effectively antagonized EGF-induced EPLIN degradation. Two serine residues, i.e. serine 362 and serine 604, were identified as putative ERK1/2 phosphorylation sites in human EPLIN, whose point mutation rendered resistance to EGF-induced protein turnover. This study elucidated a novel molecular mechanism for EGF regulation of EMT and invasiveness in PCa cells, indicating that blockade of EGF signaling could be beneficial in preventing and retarding PCa metastasis at early stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shumin Zhang
- From the Department of Urology and Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
| | - Xu Wang
- the Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
| | - Shareen Iqbal
- From the Department of Urology and Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
| | - Yanru Wang
- From the Department of Urology and Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
| | - Adeboye O. Osunkoya
- From the Department of Urology and Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, ,the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
| | - Zhengjia Chen
- the Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
| | - Zhuo Chen
- the Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
| | - Dong M. Shin
- the Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
| | - Hongwei Yuan
- the Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital Inner Mongolia Medical College, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region 10050, China
| | | | - Haiyen E. Zhau
- the Uro-Oncology Research Program, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90048
| | - Leland W. K. Chung
- the Uro-Oncology Research Program, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90048
| | - Chad Ritenour
- From the Department of Urology and Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
| | - Omer Kucuk
- From the Department of Urology and Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
| | - Daqing Wu
- From the Department of Urology and Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, , To whom correspondence should be addressed: Dept. of Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, 1365 Clifton Rd., NE., Clinic B, B5107, Atlanta, GA 30322. Tel.: 404-778-4845; E-mail:
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Kim EY, Yu JS, Yang M, Kim AK. Sub-toxic dose of apigenin sensitizes HepG2 cells to TRAIL through ERK-dependent up-regulation of TRAIL receptor DR5. Mol Cells 2013; 35:32-40. [PMID: 23224239 PMCID: PMC3887848 DOI: 10.1007/s10059-013-2175-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2012] [Revised: 10/29/2012] [Accepted: 11/12/2012] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is regarded as a promising candidate for anticancer therapy due to its selective toxicity to cancer cells. Nevertheless, because of TRAIL resistance in some cancer cells, combined treatment with sensitizing agents is required to enhance the anticancer potential of TRAIL. In this study, we investigated the underlying mechanism of apigenin-induced sensitization of HepG2 cells to TRAIL-induced cell death. Synergistic induction of apoptosis by combination was confirmed by examining the typical morphology changes of apoptosis, PARP-cleavage, and activation of effector caspases. Z-VAD-fmk, a pan-caspase inhibitor, inhibited the enhanced cell death by combined treatment of apigenin and TRAIL, demonstrating that a caspase-dependent pathway is involved in apigenin/TRAIL-mediated apoptosis. In addition, we found that apigenin/ TRAIL co-treatment up-regulates DR5 cell surface expression. The synergistic induction of cell death by the apigenin/ TRAIL combination was significantly attenuated by DR5 blocking chimera antibody. Next, using pharmacological inhibitors, we found that ERK activation is involved in the induction of DR5 expression. Inhibition of ERK1/2 by U0126 significantly decreased the apigenin/TRAIL-induced DR5 expression and apoptosis. Taken together, our results indicate that apigenin can enhance the apoptotic effect of TRAIL via ERK-induced up-regulation of DR5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Young Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women’s University, Seoul 140-742,
Korea
| | - Ji Sun Yu
- College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women’s University, Seoul 140-742,
Korea
| | - Mihi Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women’s University, Seoul 140-742,
Korea
| | - An Keun Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women’s University, Seoul 140-742,
Korea
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