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Zeng X, Zhang K, Tian G, Ding X, Bai S, Wang J, Lv L, Liao Y, Xuan Y, Zeng Q. Effects of Fat Pre-Emulsification on the Growth Performance, Serum Biochemical Index, Digestive Enzyme Activities, Nutrient Utilization, and Standardized Ileal Digestibility of Amino Acids in Pekin Ducks Fed Diets with Different Fat Sources. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12202729. [PMID: 36290115 PMCID: PMC9597721 DOI: 10.3390/ani12202729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of fat pre-emulsification on growth performance, the serum biochemical index, intestinal digestive enzyme activities, nutrient utilization, and the standardized ileal digestibility of amino acids (SIDAA) in Pekin ducks fed diets containing different fat sources. Three hundred and twenty healthy ten-day-old Pekin male ducks (409 ± 27 g) were assigned to a 2 × 2 factorial design and given one of two types of poultry fat (duck fat or a mixed type of fat composed of chicken fat and duck fat in a 1:1 ratio) that had been pre-emulsified or not. This resulted in four treatments of eight replicates, with each replicate having ten ducks. The results showed that fat pre-emulsification (preE) significantly increased (p < 0.05) body weight and body weight gain and decreased (p < 0.05) the feed-to-gain ratio, the liver index, the activity of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and the concentration of total cholesterol (TC) in the serum. Fat preE also tended to decrease the activity of lipase (p = 0.07) and significantly reduced (p < 0.05) the activity of trypsin in the duodenum. The utilization of dietary dry matter, ether extract (EE), energy, and total phosphorus, as well as apparent metabolizable energy (AME) and the SID of serine (p = 0.090), were improved by fat preE. Duck fat markedly increased (p < 0.05) the serum TC concentration and the utilization of dietary EE; however, it also tended to decrease the serum triglyceride (TG) concentration (p = 0.09) and markedly decreased (p < 0.05) the activity of trypsin in the jejunum and duodenum. These results indicated that fat preE contributed to the utilization of dietary nutrients, serum lipid metabolism, intestinal digestive enzyme activities, and liver health, thereby improving the growth performance of ducks. Duck fat has higher bioavailability for ducks based on dietary EE utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyi Zeng
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Keying Zhang
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Gang Tian
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xuemei Ding
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Shiping Bai
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Jianping Wang
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Li Lv
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yupeng Liao
- Si Chuan Action Biotech Co., Ltd., 11 Jinxing Road, Guanghan City, Deyang 618302, China
| | - Yue Xuan
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Qiufeng Zeng
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu 611130, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-13778765040
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