Improving Milk Intake in Milk-Averse Lactose Digesters and Maldigesters.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITION EDUCATION AND BEHAVIOR 2015;
47:325-30.e1. [PMID:
25847182 DOI:
10.1016/j.jneb.2015.02.006]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2013] [Revised: 02/05/2015] [Accepted: 02/08/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE
To determine whether a 21-day milk-drinking intervention could reverse milk aversion.
DESIGN
Participants consumed increasing amounts of cow's milk for 21 days. Milk and dairy consumption, aversion, and likeness were assessed pre- and post-intervention and at 3 and 6 months post-intervention.
SETTING
A large Midwestern university.
PARTICIPANTS
Twenty-seven milk-averse individuals completed the intervention, 26 completed the 3-month follow-up, and 24 completed the 6-month follow-up.
MAIN OUTCOMES MEASURED
Participants self-reported milk and dairy consumption, aversion, and degree to which they liked milk.
ANALYSIS
Analysis of variance determined between-subject effects. Independent samples t test determined the effect of time. Fisher exact test determined factors affecting milk consumption.
RESULTS
Lactose digesters and maldigesters showed a significant decrease in overall symptom scores after the milk intervention, with no significant difference between groups. Independent of digestive status, subjects demonstrated a significant decrease in aversion, an increase in the amount to which they liked milk, and an increase in milk and overall calcium consumption at 3 and 6 months post-intervention.
CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS
The results suggest a reversal of milk avoidance and the possibility that milk avoiders can increase likeness and incorporate milk into their diet after exposure.
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