Hybrid Nanostructures Obtained by Transport and Condensation of Tungsten Oxide Vapours onto CNW Templates

We present hybrid nanomaterial architectures, consisting of carbon nanowalls (CNW) templates decorated with tungsten oxide nanoparticles, synthesized using a mechanism based on tungsten oxide sublimation, vapor transport, followed by vapor condensation, in the absence or presence of plasma. The key steps in the decoration mechanism are the sublimation of tungsten oxides, when are exposed in vacuum at high temperature (800 °C), and their redeposition on colder surfaces (400-600 °C). The morphology and chemical composition of the hybrid architectures, as obtained from Scanning Electron Microscopy and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy, are discussed with respect to substrate nature and the physical conditions of synthesis. We pointed out that the decoration process is strongly dependent on the temperature of the CNW templates and plasma presence. Thus, the decoration process performed with plasma was effective for a wider range of template temperatures, in contrast with the decoration process performed without plasma. The results are useful for applications using the sensing and photochemical properties of tungsten oxides, and have also relevance for fusion technology, tungsten walls erosion and material redeposition being widely observed in fusion machines.

Tungsten Molecular Species in Deuterium Plasmas in Contact with Sputtered W Surfaces

We show that in plasmas generated in deuterium in the presence of sputtered W surfaces, various molecular tungsten species are formed, whose chemical composition depends on the presence of gaseous impurities, namely, nitrogen, oxygen, and hydrogen. A magnetron discharge was used for plasma sustaining, and the species were investigated by mass spectrometry and optical emission spectroscopy. The identified tungsten-containing molecules are described by the chemical formula WOxNyDzHt, where x = 0-4, y = 0-3, z = 0-3, t = 0-5. Presumptively, even higher mass tungsten molecular species are present in plasma, which were not detected because of the limitation of the spectrometer measurement range to 300 amu. The presence of these molecules will likely impact the W particle balance and dust formation mechanisms in fusion plasmas.

Multi-dimensional fusion: transformer and GANs-based multimodal audiovisual perception robot for musical performance art

Introduction

In the context of evolving societal preferences for deeper emotional connections in art, this paper explores the emergence of multimodal robot music performance art. It investigates the fusion of music and motion in robot performances to enhance expressiveness and emotional impact. The study employs Transformer models to combine audio and video signals, enabling robots to better understand music's rhythm, melody, and emotional content. Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) are utilized to create lifelike visual performances synchronized with music, bridging auditory and visual perception. Multimodal reinforcement learning is employed to achieve harmonious alignment between sound and motion.

Methods

The study leverages Transformer models to process audio and video signals in robot performances. Generative Adversarial Networks are employed to generate visually appealing performances that align with the musical input. Multimodal reinforcement learning is used to synchronize robot actions with music. Diverse music styles and emotions are considered in the experiments. Performance evaluation metrics include accuracy, recall rate, and F1 score.

Results

The proposed approach yields promising results across various music styles and emotional contexts. Performance smoothness scores exceed 94 points, demonstrating the fluidity of robot actions. An accuracy rate of 95% highlights the precision of the system in aligning robot actions with music. Notably, there is a substantial 33% enhancement in performance recall rate compared to baseline modules. The collective improvement in F1 score emphasizes the advantages of the proposed approach in the realm of robot music performance art.

Discussion

The study's findings demonstrate the potential of multimodal robot music performance art in achieving heightened emotional impact. By combining audio and visual cues, robots can better interpret and respond to music, resulting in smoother and more precise performances. The substantial improvement in recall rate suggests that the proposed approach enhances the robots' ability to accurately mirror the emotional nuances of the music. These results signify the potential of this approach to transform the landscape of artistic expression through robotics, opening new avenues for emotionally resonant performances.