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Shiferaw BM, Kokeb LN, Bantie GM, Workie HM. Post-abortion contraceptive utilization and associated factors among women who attended abortion services: A health facility cross-sectional study. SAGE Open Med 2024; 12:20503121231223617. [PMID: 38357403 PMCID: PMC10865936 DOI: 10.1177/20503121231223617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Post-abortion contraceptive utilization prevents unintended pregnancies, reduces the number of abortions, and lowers the morbidity and mortality related to obstetric complications. It plays a central role in improving maternal health and reducing child mortality. However, many women are suffering from unintended pregnancy and its complications after abortion care. Hence, the main objective of this study was to determine the magnitude of post-abortion contraceptive utilization and its associated factors in Bahir Dar City. Methods: Health-facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Bahir Dar city health facilities from April 1 to May 30, 2018. A systematic random sampling technique was used to select 354 eligible study participants. A pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect the data. Data entry was done using Epi Data version 3.7 software and analyzed by SPSS v23 software. Descriptive statistics were done based on the nature of the data. A simple logistic regression model was used to identify the association and strength of exploratory variables and the outcome variables. Associations were announced at a 95% confidence interval and p-value <0.05 with adjusted odds ratio. Model fitness was checked by the Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness of fit test for logistic regression. Results: In this study, 348 aborted participants were involved with a mean age of 24.37 (±5.73) years. About 40% of the participants were not currently married and 12.9% were unable to read and write. The magnitude of post-abortion contraceptive utilization was 65.8%. The number of alive children (adjusted odds ratio: 7.0, 95% confidence interval: 1.54, 31.95), lower income (adjusted odds ratio: 0.14, 95% confidence interval: 0.03, 0.60), and (adjusted odds ratio: 0.11, 95% confidence interval: 0.02, 0.46), primary school education (adjusted odds ratio: 0.18, 95% confidence interval: 0.03, 0.97), and currently unemployed (adjusted odds ratio: 0.23, 95% confidence interval: 0.06, 0.85) were significantly associated with the post-abortion contraceptive utilization. Conclusion: The level of post-abortion contraceptive utilization is low as per the national plan. The number of alive children, lower income, lower education, and currently unemployed were the identified factors affecting post-abortion contraceptive utilization. Therefore, a collaborative effort is needed among stakeholders to increase the utilization and avoid factors that prevent the utilization of post-abortion contraceptive utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Getasew Mulat Bantie
- Amhara National Regional State Public Health Institute, Bahir Dar City, Ethiopia
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Ferede WY, Erega BB, Sisay FA, Ayalew AB, Belachew YY, Yimer TS. Consented maternal care and associated factors among mothers who gave birth at public health institutions in South Wollo Zone, Amhara region, Ethiopia 2022. SAGE Open Med 2024; 12:20503121241227083. [PMID: 38347850 PMCID: PMC10860419 DOI: 10.1177/20503121241227083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Informed consent in healthcare services is a legal, ethical, and professional requirement on the part of all treating health providers and providing person-centered care. The methods of requesting consent during childbirth have not been extensively studied. In Ethiopia, there is not at all a single study done. Objective The purpose of this study is to determine associated factors among mothers who gave birth at health institutions in the South Wollo Zone, Amhara region, Ethiopia in 2022. Methods Mothers who gave birth at South Wollo Zone public health institutions, from 01 March to 30 April 2022 participated in a multi-center institutional-based cross-sectional study design. Systematic random sampling was used to select 423 study participants. A validated questionnaire was used for data collection, and the data were collected through face-to-face interviews. Data were entered into Epi-Data version 4.6 and exported to SPSS version 23 for analysis. A multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors associated with the outcome variable. The level of significance was determined using an adjusted odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval. Result The study had 416 participants in total, with a response rate of 98.3%. Out of the 416 respondents interviewed, 67.1% of the women received consented care. The age group of 30-34, complications during childbirth, intended pregnancy, merchant, and primary and referral hospital were significantly associated with consented care. Conclusion The level of non-consented care during delivery was high compared with other literature reflecting substantial mistreatment. Therefore, stakeholders should strengthen monitoring and assessment systems to prevent abuse, and further study is required to look for practical ways to make improvements. Key elements of consented care have also been included in Basic and Emergency Obstetric Care training sessions and given to health providers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wassie Yazie Ferede
- Department of Midwifery College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Besfat Berihun Erega
- Department of Midwifery College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Fillorenes Ayalew Sisay
- Department of Midwifery College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Abeba Belay Ayalew
- Department of Midwifery College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Yismaw Yimam Belachew
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Tigist Seid Yimer
- Department of Midwifery College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
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Liang J, He Y, Fan L, Nuo M, Shen D, Xu J, Zheng X, Wang T, Qian H, Lei J. A Preliminary Study on the Abnormal Deaths and Work Burden of Chinese Physicians: A Mixed Method Analysis and Implications for Smart Hospital Management. Front Public Health 2022; 9:803089. [PMID: 35059382 PMCID: PMC8764251 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.803089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The population of Chinese physicians is frequently threatened by abnormal death, including death by overwork or homicide. This is not only a health problem, but also a social problem that has attracted the attention of both hospitals and the government. Objective: This study aims to analyze the characteristics of abnormal death in physicians in Chinese hospitals from 2007 to 2020 and to investigate the relationship between abnormal death and physician workload, in order to provide information for policy makers and request improvement technologies. Methods: A mixed research method was used. In order to ensure accuracy and completeness, a relatively comprehensive search was conducted using multiple heterogeneous data sources on the abnormal death of physicians in Chinese hospitals from 2007 to 2020. The collected cases were then descriptively analyzed using the work-related overwork death risk concept framework and the deductive grounded theory approach. In addition, the workload of physicians was calculated between 2007 and 2019 based on three important workload indicators. Results: Between 2007 and 2020, 207 abnormal death events of physicians on the Chinese mainland were publicly reported. Among the 207 victims, the majority (~79%) died from overwork or sudden death. The number of victims who were men was 5.5 times higher than that of women, and victims were between the ages of 31-50 years. These physicians mainly belonged to the departments of surgery, anesthesiology, internal medicine, and orthopedics. Further analysis of the direct causes of death in cases of overwork death showed that 51 physicians (31.1%) died from cardiogenic diseases. Additionally, the per capita workload of physicians in China increased drastically by about 42% from 2007 to 2019, far exceeding physician workloads in Europe, Asia, and Australia (number of inpatients per physician in 2017: 72 vs. 55, 50, 45). The analysis revealed that there was a strong correlation between the number of abnormal deaths of physicians in China and the number of inpatients per physician (r = 0.683, P = 0.01). Conclusion: High-intensity working conditions may be positively correlated with the number of abnormal deaths among physicians. Smart hospital technologies have the potential to alleviate this situation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Liang
- Information Technology Center, School of Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,School of Public Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yunfan He
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Linye Fan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Mingfu Nuo
- Health Science Center, Institute of Medical Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Dongxia Shen
- Editorial Department of Journal of Practical Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jie Xu
- Information Technology Center, School of Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xu Zheng
- Center for Medical Informatics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Tong Wang
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hui Qian
- College of Computer Science and Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianbo Lei
- Health Science Center, Institute of Medical Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Center for Medical Informatics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.,School of Medical Informatics and Engineering, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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Chen J, Wang Y. Social Media Use for Health Purposes: Systematic Review. J Med Internet Res 2021; 23:e17917. [PMID: 33978589 PMCID: PMC8156131 DOI: 10.2196/17917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Social media has been widely used for health-related purposes, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. Previous reviews have summarized social media uses for a specific health purpose such as health interventions, health campaigns, medical education, and disease outbreak surveillance. The most recent comprehensive review of social media uses for health purposes, however, was conducted in 2013. A systematic review that covers various health purposes is needed to reveal the new usages and research gaps that emerge in recent years. Objective This study aimed to provide a systematic review of social media uses for health purposes that have been identified in previous studies. Methods The researchers searched for peer-reviewed journal articles published between 2006 and 2020 in 12 databases covering medicine, public health, and social science. After coding the articles in terms of publication year, journal area, country, method, social media platform, and social media use for health purposes, the researchers provided a review of social media use for health purposes identified in these articles. Results This study summarized 10 social media uses for various health purposes by health institutions, health researchers and practitioners, and the public. Conclusions Social media can be used for various health purposes. Several new usages have emerged since 2013 including advancing health research and practice, social mobilization, and facilitating offline health-related services and events. Research gaps exist regarding advancing strategic use of social media based on audience segmentation, evaluating the impact of social media in health interventions, understanding the impact of health identity development, and addressing privacy concerns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhan Chen
- Department of Communication, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States
| | - Yuan Wang
- Department of Communication, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States
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Abate HK, Mekonnen CK. Job Satisfaction and Associated Factors Among Health Care Professionals Working in Public Health Facilities in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review. J Multidiscip Healthc 2021; 14:821-830. [PMID: 33880031 PMCID: PMC8053506 DOI: 10.2147/jmdh.s300118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Job satisfaction is a feeling that measure cognitive and behavioral aspects of workers' towards their job. According to the World Health Organization report, it predicts that 40% of health care professionals' (nurses, midwives, and doctors) will leave their job as a result of job dissatisfaction. METHODS Studies were searched systematically using International databases from PubMed, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, Embase, and CINAHL. The quality of searched articles assessed using the New Castle Ottawa scale for a cross-sectional study design. Statistical analysis was performed by using STATA version 14 software for window and systemic review carried out using a random effect method. The Preferred Reporting Item for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guideline was followed for reporting results. RESULTS From the total 1120 records screened, 8 studies with 4092 participants who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were included in this systematic review. The estimated pooled prevalence of job satisfaction of health care professionals in Ethiopia was 41.17%. CONCLUSION About one in three health care professionals were satisfied. Therefore, the government and health institution should focus on strategies to promote health care professionals' of job satisfaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailemichael Kindie Abate
- Medical Nursing Department, College of Medicine and Health Science, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Chilot Kassa Mekonnen
- Medical Nursing Department, College of Medicine and Health Science, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
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Venyuy MA, Cumber SN, Nkfusai CN, Bede F, Ijang YP, Wepngong E, Bama SN, Tsoka-Gwegweni JM, Tebeu PM. Determinants to late antenatal clinic start among pregnant women: the case of Saint Elizabeth General Hospital, Shisong, Cameroon. Pan Afr Med J 2020; 35:112. [PMID: 32637010 PMCID: PMC7321684 DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2020.35.112.18712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction To improve maternal health, barriers that limit access to quality maternal health services must be identified and addressed at all levels of the health system. The World Health Organisation (WHO) cites distance to health facility and inadequate health institutions as factors that prevent women from receiving or seeking care during pregnancy and childbirth. Specifically, we intended to determine factors associated with late start of late Antenatal Care (ANC) among pregnant women in the Saint Elizabeth General Hospital Shisong (SEGHS), Cameroon. Methods This was a cross sectional study carried out from the 24th October to 24th November 2016. A total of 602 pregnant women were recruited from ANC units of SEGHS and its satellite institutions. The outcome variable was gestational age at start of ANC (estimated by counting from last menstrual period to day of first ANC consultation) while the independent variables were individual, community and institutional factors. Data was analyzed using Epi info version 7. Chi square test was used to appreciate the influence of different variables on risk of late ANC initiation (> 14 weeks of pregnancy). The level of significance was set out at (p: < 0.05). Results Out of the 602 pregnant women included in our study, 75% initiated ANC late (after 14 weeks of pregnancy). Factors associated with late ANC start were; age (p = 0.001), level of education (p = 0.002), marital status (p = 0.016), religion (p = 0.034), parity (p = 0.001), having a source of income (p=0.001), cost of services (p = 0.010), distance to health facility (p = 0.021) and dissatisfaction with previous ANC services (p = 0.014). Conclusion Cameroon is one of the countries with a high maternal mortality ratio. WHO estimated it to be 529 per 100000 live births in 2017. Prompt and adequate ANC services can improve on maternal and child outcomes of pregnancy. The results of this study suggest tackling issues related to cost of ANC services and improving geographical (distance) barrier to accessing ANC services (in addition to addressing other identified measures) may lead to an increase in pregnant women starting ANC early and thus potentially improve pregnancy outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mbinkar Adeline Venyuy
- Department of Public Health, School of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Central Africa, Box 1110, Yaoundé, Cameroon.,Cameroon Baptist Convention Health Services (CBCHS), Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Samuel Nambile Cumber
- Centre for Health Systems Research & Development, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa.,Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa.,School of Health Systems and Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Claude Ngwayu Nkfusai
- Cameroon Baptist Convention Health Services (CBCHS), Yaoundé, Cameroon.,Centre for Health Systems Research & Development, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
| | - Fala Bede
- Cameroon Baptist Convention Health Services (CBCHS), Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Yunga Patience Ijang
- Department of Public Health, School of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Central Africa, Box 1110, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Emerson Wepngong
- Cameroon Baptist Convention Health Services (CBCHS), Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Solange Ngo Bama
- Department of Public Health, School of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Central Africa, Box 1110, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | | | - Pierre Marie Tebeu
- Department of Public Health, School of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Central Africa, Box 1110, Yaoundé, Cameroon
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Franchini AF. La medicina a Milano fra Ottocento e Novecento. Med Lav 2019; 110:7-12. [PMID: 31846442 PMCID: PMC7809937 DOI: 10.23749/mdl.v110is1.8678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The author deals with the medical-surgical panorama in Milan at the turn of the 19th century and at the beginning of the 20th century. The advances in knowledge acquired from the mid-nineteenth century on led to the emergence of medical and surgical specializations, as well as of new tools for the prevention and treatment of diseases, and the creation of a health and care network, on which it was possible to graft highly developed training opportunities. The example of an institution set up in Milan at the beginning of the twentieth century to treat the results of traumatic events is emblematic, not only because it is related to occupational accidents, but also because it explains the need to have specialists from various medical and surgical disciplines at the service of the entire population.
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Fu Y, Schwebel DC, Hu G. Physicians' Workloads in China: 1998⁻2016. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2018; 15:ijerph15081649. [PMID: 30081497 PMCID: PMC6121441 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15081649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Revised: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Background: Physicians play a primary role in patients’ health. Heavy workloads can threaten the health of physicians and their patients. This study examined workload changes among physicians in Chinese health institutions from 1998–2016. Methods: This study examined data from the online China Statistical Yearbook of 1999–2017, which is released annually by the National Bureau of Statistics of the People’s Republic of China. Three relevant and available indicators were retrieved: (1) number of physicians, (2) number of patient visits and (3) number of inpatient admissions. Patient visits per physician and inpatient admissions per physician from 1998–2016 were calculated to approximate physician workloads in Chinese health institutions. Results: Between 1998 and 2016, patient visits per physician in China increased by 135% and inpatient admissions per physician rose by 184%. Both indicators demonstrate a stabilizing trend in the most recent five years, including a slight decrease (7%) in patient visits per physician since 2012. Conclusions: Physician workload increased dramatically for Chinese physicians from 1998–2016, a trend that could potentially threaten physicians’ health and the quality of patient care. The findings highlight the importance of interventions and efforts to relieve physician workloads in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhong Fu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China.
| | - David C Schwebel
- Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA.
| | - Guoqing Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China.
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Martínez-Martínez KI, Jiménez-Pérez AL, Romero VF, Morales-Chainé S. Impact of a brief intervention programs in clinical practice: Barriers and adaptations. Int J Psychol Res (Medellin) 2018; 11:27-34. [PMID: 32612776 PMCID: PMC7110279 DOI: 10.21500/20112084.3485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The present study analyzes the main barriers and adaptations to brief interventions that focus on addictive behavior treatments carried out in clinical settings by 756 health professionals during their adoption process in 350 Primary Attention Units in Mexico. Method: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted and consisted in the application of an instrument that explored diverse aspects, such as knowledge about evidence based brief intervention (BI) programs, barriers during the execution, and adaptations of the BI. Results: the main barriers were related to the implementation of sessions and the user’s characteristics such as educational level. As a consequence, the main adaptations were related to the increase in the number of sessions, modifying their length and changing the sequence as well as the proposed material in the manuals. Conclusions: We discuss the possibility of systematizing the adaptations made by health professionals in order to evaluate their effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalina Isela Martínez-Martínez
- Departamento de psicología. Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes, Ags., México. Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes Departamento de psicología Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes Mexico
| | - Ana Lucía Jiménez-Pérez
- Facultad de Ciencias Administrativas y Sociales. Universidad Autónoma de Baja california, Ensenada, Baja California., México. Universidad Autónoma de Baja California Facultad de Ciencias Administrativas y Sociales Universidad Autónoma de Baja california Mexico
| | - Violeta Félix Romero
- Facultad de psicología. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CDMX, México. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Mexico
| | - Silvia Morales-Chainé
- Facultad de psicología. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CDMX, México. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Mexico
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de la Maisonneuve C, Moreno-Serra R, Murtin F, Oliveira Martins J. The Role of Policy and Institutions on Health Spending. Health Econ 2017; 26:834-843. [PMID: 27683243 DOI: 10.1002/hec.3410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Revised: 05/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
This paper investigates the impact of policies and institutions on health expenditures for a large panel of Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development countries for the period of 2000-2010. A set of 20 policy and institutional indicators developed by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development are integrated into a theoretically motivated econometric framework, alongside control variables related to demographic (dependency ratio) and non-demographic (income, prices and technology) drivers of health expenditures per capita. Although a large share of cross-country differences in public health expenditures can be explained by demographic and economic factors (around 71%), cross-country variations in policies and institutions also have a significant influence, explaining most of the remaining difference in public health spending (23%). Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Susuman AS, Chialepeh WN, Bado A, Lailulo Y. High infant mortality rate, high total fertility rate and very low female literacy in selected African countries. Scand J Public Health 2015; 44:2-5. [PMID: 26392424 DOI: 10.1177/1403494815604765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
AIM This study focused on the top 10 selected African countries with key interventions such as high infant mortality rate, high total fertility rate and female literacy rate. METHODS The World Bank's 2013 data were used. Descriptive analyses were performed. RESULTS Findings show that Sierra Leone (107.2), Angola (102) and Central Africa Republic (96.1) reported the highest infant mortality rate per 1000 live births. The total fertility rates in Niger (7.6), Mali (6.8) and Somalia (6.6) were higher than other comparable countries. CONCLUSIONS Health care service providers need to pay more attention during pregnancy periods, improve number of field visits, identify pregnant women and promote 100% antenatal care if this is done practically, these countries will reduce and ultimately eliminate infant mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Sathiya Susuman
- Faculty of Sciences, Dept. of Statistics & Population Studies, University of the Western Cape, South Africa
| | - Wilson N Chialepeh
- Dept. of Statistics & Population Studies, University of the Western Cape, South Africa
| | - Aristide Bado
- Dept. of Statistics & Population Studies, University of the Western Cape, South Africa
| | - Yishak Lailulo
- Dept. of Statistics & Population Studies, University of the Western Cape, South Africa
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