Rapid correction of severe hyponatremia and control of subsequent overcorrection in operative hysteroscopy intravascular absorption syndrome: A case report

RATIONALE

Operative hysteroscopy intravascular absorption syndrome (OHIAS) results from systemic absorption of hypotonic solution during hysteroscopy, which may induce severe hyponatremia within hours. Depending on the serum sodium (Na+) level, this can be life-threatening and requires prompt and careful remedial treatment.

PATIENT CONCERNS AND DIAGNOSES

A 53-year-old woman underwent hysteroscopic myomectomy for submucosal leiomyoma. Approximately 3 hours postoperatively, the serum Na+ level decreased to 82 mM/L, accompanied by pulmonary edema and lactic acidosis. The patient was strongly suspicious of OHIAS.

INTERVENTIONS AND OUTCOMES

A rapid correction was made using 3% NaCl to prevent brain edema as an initial response. After the serum Na+ level reached 120 mM/L, gradual correction was performed considering osmotic demyelination syndrome, and desmopressin was administered to prevent overcorrection caused by excessive water diuresis. Serum Na+ level normalized in 4 days and the patient recovered without any specific sequelae.

LESSONS

The detection of OHIAS may be delayed under general anesthesia, and prior vigilance is important if the operation time is prolonged. In severe hyponatremia with an apparently rapid onset, such as OHIAS, a two-step correction process may be safe and useful: rapid correction followed by more gradual correction.

The clinical effects of antibiotic prophylaxis for hysteroscopic procedures: A meta-analysis

BACKGROUND

Hysteroscopic procedures were widely applied but the clinical effects of antibiotic prophylaxis for these operations were not specifically addressed. In current study, we aimed to investigate the role of prophylactic antibiotics in hysteroscopic procedures by meta-analysis.

METHODS

We conducted literature retrieval in electronic databases, including MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Central, to identify relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the clinical effects of antibiotic prophylaxis for hysteroscopic procedures. The postoperative infection rate was selected for pooled estimation. The I index statistic was used to assess heterogeneity. Publication bias was evaluated using funnel plots and Egger test. Sensitivity analysis based on different subcategories was conducted to examine the stability of the main results.

RESULTS

Four RCTs including 2221 patients were identified for the final quantitative analysis. Pooled estimation indicated no significant difference in infection rate between the antibiotic prophylaxis group and control group (test for OR: Z = 0.50, P = .616; 95% CI: 0.987-1.008). Sensitivity analysis based on surgical procedure, antibiotic application, follow-up time and administration time revealed similar results.

CONCLUSION

Based on current objective evidence, we conclude that antibiotic prophylaxis exhibits no clinical benefit for hysteroscopic procedures. Therefore, it is not recommended. Meanwhile, more high-quality RCTs are needed to support our conclusion.