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Marchi S, Fallani E, Salvatore M, Montomoli E, Trombetta CM. The burden of influenza and the role of influenza vaccination in adults aged 50-64 years: A summary of available evidence. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2023; 19:2257048. [PMID: 37778401 PMCID: PMC10760501 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2023.2257048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Influenza is a vaccine-preventable disease and a global public health problem. Although most national influenza vaccination recommendations focus on subjects aged ≥65 years, an extensive burden of influenza has also been reported in those aged ≥50 years and is exacerbated by immune system aging. The main purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the burden of influenza and its potential prevention within the 50-64 age-group. These subjects account for a large proportion of the workforce, and play a central economic and social role. Individuals aged 50-64 years had a 3-times higher rate of hospitalization and a 9-fold higher mortality rate attributable to influenza than those aged 18-49-years, generating higher influenza-related hospitalization costs. Available data suggest that including healthy subjects aged 50-64 years in influenza vaccination recommendations would allow a broader population to be reached, reducing the economic and social burden of influenza.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Marchi
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Elettra Fallani
- Seqirus S.r.l., Monteriggioni, Italy
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Marco Salvatore
- Seqirus S.r.l., Monteriggioni, Italy
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Emanuele Montomoli
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
- VisMederi srl, Siena, Italy
- VisMederi Research srl, Siena, Italy
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Trucchi C, D'Amelio M, Amicizia D, Orsi A, Loiacono I, Tosatto R, Piazza MF, Paganino C, Pitrelli A, Icardi G, Ansaldi F. Lowering the recommended age for the free and active offer of influenza vaccination in Italy: clinical and economic impact analysis in the Liguria region. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2021; 17:1387-1395. [PMID: 33121342 PMCID: PMC8078656 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2020.1810494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective we estimated the epidemiological and budget impact of lowering the recommended age for influenza immunization with quadrivalent vaccine actively offered and administered free of charge to persons over 50 years old by public immunization services. Methods a multi-cohort, deterministic, static Markov model was populated by real-world data on the clinical and economic impact of Influenza-Like Illness and Lower Respiratory Tract Infection over 1 year. Four scenarios featuring different vaccine coverage rates were compared with the base case; coverage rates in subjects with and without risk factors were considered separately. Results compared with the base case, adopting scenarios 1–4 would reduce the annual number of influenza cases by 6.5%, 10.8%, 13.8% and 3.4%, Emergency Department accesses by 10.7%, 9.1%, 15.4% and 4.6%, complications by 8.9%, 9.9%, 14.7% and 4.1%, and the hospitalization of complicated cases by 11%, 9.1%, 15.4% and 4.5%, respectively. The four scenarios would require an additional investment (vaccine purchase and administration) of €316,996, €529,174, €677,539, and €168,633, respectively, in comparison with the base case. Scenario 1 proved to be cost-saving in the 60–64-year age-group. The incremental costs of implementing the other hypothetical scenarios ranged from 2.7% (scenario 4) to 13.2% (scenario 3). Conclusions lowering the recommended age for influenza vaccination to 60 years would allow a high proportion of subjects at risk for severe influenza to be reached and would save money.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Trucchi
- Planning, Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, A.Li.Sa. Liguria Health Authority, Genoa, Italy.,IRCCS San Martino Hospital, Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Daniela Amicizia
- Planning, Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, A.Li.Sa. Liguria Health Authority, Genoa, Italy.,IRCCS San Martino Hospital, Genoa, Italy.,Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Andrea Orsi
- IRCCS San Martino Hospital, Genoa, Italy.,Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | | | | | - Maria Francesca Piazza
- Planning, Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, A.Li.Sa. Liguria Health Authority, Genoa, Italy
| | - Chiara Paganino
- Planning, Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, A.Li.Sa. Liguria Health Authority, Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Giancarlo Icardi
- IRCCS San Martino Hospital, Genoa, Italy.,Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Filippo Ansaldi
- Planning, Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, A.Li.Sa. Liguria Health Authority, Genoa, Italy.,IRCCS San Martino Hospital, Genoa, Italy.,Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
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