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Li X, Lin Y, Cui L, Li C, Yang Z, Zhao S, Hao T, Wang G, Heo JY, Yu JC, Chang YW, Zhu J. Stretchable and Lithography-Compatible Interconnects Enabled by Self-Assembled Nanofilms with Interlocking Interfaces. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023; 15:56233-56241. [PMID: 37988740 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c11760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Stretchable interconnects with miniature widths are vital for the high-density integration of deformable electronic components on a single substrate for targeted data logic or storage functions. However, it is still challenging to attain high-resolution patternability of stretchable conductors with robust circuit fabrication capability. Here, we report a self-assembled silver nanofilm firmly interlocked by an elastomeric nanodielectric that can be photolithographically patterned into microscale features while preserving high stretchability and conductivity. Both silver and dielectric nanofilms are fabricated by layer-by-layer assembly, ensuring wafer-scale uniformity and meticulous control of thicknesses. Without any thermal annealing, the as-fabricated nanofilms from silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) exhibit conductivity of 1.54 × 106 S m-1 and stretchability of ∼200%, which is due to the impeded crack propagation by the underlying PU nanodielectrics. Furthermore, it is revealed that AgNP microstrips defined by photolithography show higher stretchability when their widths are downscaled to 100 μm owing to confined cracks. However, further scaling restricts the stretchability, following the early development of cracks cutting across the strip. In addition, the resistance change of these silver interconnects can be decreased using serpentine architectures. As a demonstration, these self-assembled interconnects are used as stretchable circuit boards to power LEDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China
- National Institute for Advanced Materials, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China
| | - Yuxuan Lin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China
- National Institute for Advanced Materials, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China
| | - Lei Cui
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China
- National Institute for Advanced Materials, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China
| | - Chenning Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China
- National Institute for Advanced Materials, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China
| | - Zhenhua Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China
- National Institute for Advanced Materials, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China
| | - Sanchuan Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China
- National Institute for Advanced Materials, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China
| | - Tailang Hao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China
- National Institute for Advanced Materials, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China
| | - Guoqi Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China
- National Institute for Advanced Materials, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China
| | - Jae-Young Heo
- Department of Materials and Chemical Engineering, BK21 FOUR ERICA-ACE Center, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi 15588, Korea
| | - Jae-Chul Yu
- Department of Materials and Chemical Engineering, BK21 FOUR ERICA-ACE Center, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi 15588, Korea
- R&D Center, Hepce Chem Co., Ltd., Siheung, Gyeonggi 15588, Korea
| | - Young-Wook Chang
- Department of Materials and Chemical Engineering, BK21 FOUR ERICA-ACE Center, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi 15588, Korea
| | - Jian Zhu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China
- National Institute for Advanced Materials, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China
- Laboratory for Rare Earth Materials and Applications, and Smart Sensing Interdisciplinary Science Center, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China
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Oh KH, Kang HS, Choo MJ, Jang DH, Lee D, Lee DG, Kim TH, Hong YT, Park JK, Kim HT. Interlocking membrane/catalyst layer interface for high mechanical robustness of hydrocarbon-membrane-based polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells. Adv Mater 2015; 27:2974-2980. [PMID: 25821122 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201500328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Revised: 02/14/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A physical interlocking interface that can tightly bind a sulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone) (SPAES) membrane and a Nafion catalyst layer in polymer electrolyte fuel cells is demonstrated. Owing to higher expansion with hydration for SPAES than for Nafion, a strong normal force is generated at the interface of a SPAES pillar and a Nafion hole, resulting in an 8-fold increase of the interfacial bonding strength at RH 50% and a 4.7-times increase of the wet/dry cycling durability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keun-Hwan Oh
- Graduate School of EEWS, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 305-701, South Korea
| | - Hong Suk Kang
- Graduate School of EEWS, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 305-701, South Korea
| | - Min-Ju Choo
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 305-701, South Korea
| | - Duk-Hun Jang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 305-701, South Korea
| | - Dongyoung Lee
- School of Mechanical Aerospace & Systems Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 305-701, South Korea
| | - Dai Gil Lee
- School of Mechanical Aerospace & Systems Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 305-701, South Korea
| | - Tae-Ho Kim
- Center for Membrane, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, 305-600, South Korea
| | - Young Taik Hong
- Center for Membrane, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, 305-600, South Korea
| | - Jung-Ki Park
- Graduate School of EEWS, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 305-701, South Korea
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 305-701, South Korea
| | - Hee-Tak Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 305-701, South Korea
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