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Oikawa T, Nomura K, Hara T, Koida K. A Fine-Scale and Minimally Invasive Marking Method for Use with Conventional Tungsten Microelectrodes. eNeuro 2023; 10:ENEURO.0141-23.2023. [PMID: 37696665 PMCID: PMC10521347 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0141-23.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023] Open
Abstract
In neurophysiology, achieving precise correlation between physiological responses and anatomic structures is a significant challenge. Therefore, the accuracy of the electrode marking method is crucial. In this study, we describe a tungsten-deposition method, in which tungsten oxide is generated by applying biphasic current pulses to conventional tungsten electrodes. The electrical current used was 40-50 μA, which is similar to that used in electrical microstimulation experiments. The size of the markings ranged from 10 to 100 μm, corresponding to the size of the electrode tip, which is smaller than that of existing marking methods. Despite the small size of the markings, detection is easy as the marking appears in bright red under dark-field observation after Nissl staining. This marking technique resulted in low tissue damage and was maintained in vivo for at least two years. The feasibility of this method was tested in mouse and macaque brains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuya Oikawa
- Department of Computer Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, Aichi 441-8580, Japan
| | - Kento Nomura
- Department of Computer Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, Aichi 441-8580, Japan
| | - Toshimitsu Hara
- Department of Computer Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, Aichi 441-8580, Japan
| | - Kowa Koida
- Department of Computer Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, Aichi 441-8580, Japan
- Institute for Research on Next-generation Semiconductor and Sensing Science, Toyohashi University of Technology, Aichi 441-8580, Japan
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Tinacci L, Stratev D, Strateva M, Zhelyazkov G, Kyuchukova R, Armani A. An Authentication Survey on Retail Seafood Products Sold on the Bulgarian Market Underlines the Need for Upgrading the Traceability System. Foods 2023; 12. [PMID: 36900583 DOI: 10.3390/foods12051070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Economically motivated or accidental species substitutions lead to economic and potential health damage to consumers with a loss of confidence in the fishery supply chain. In the present study, a three-year survey on 199 retail seafood products sold on the Bulgarian market was addressed to assess: (1) product authenticity by molecular identification; (2) trade name compliance to the list of official trade names accepted in the territory; (3) adherence of the list in force to the market supply. DNA barcoding on mitochondrial and nuclear genes was applied for the identification of whitefish (WF), crustaceans (C) and mollusks (cephalopods-MC; gastropods-MG; bivalves-MB) except for Mytilus sp. products for which the analysis was conducted with a previously validated RFLP PCR protocol. Identification at the species level was obtained for 94.5% of the products. Failures in species allocation were reconducted due to low resolution and reliability or the absence of reference sequences. The study highlighted an overall mislabeling rate of 11%. WF showed the highest mislabeling rate (14%), followed by MB (12.5%), MC (10%) and C (7.9%). This evidence emphasized the use of DNA-based methods as tools for seafood authentication. The presence of non-compliant trade names and the ineffectiveness of the list to describe the market species varieties attested to the need to improve seafood labeling and traceability at the national level.
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Ali MM, Colvenkar S, Omer NS, Mysolla SR, Noureen F. Prosthodontic Management With a Metal Denture Engraved With Laser QR Code. Cureus 2023; 15:e34483. [PMID: 36874349 PMCID: PMC9982475 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.34483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Denture marking is a unique way of identification and is mandated by the global dental council. There are various techniques for marking a denture depending on the prosthesis and method used. In this case report, an elderly patient suffering from Alzheimer's disease complained of a lack of heat and a cold feeling in the existing denture. The acrylic denture base is replaced by a metal denture and the palatal region is laser sintered with an Aadhar card QR code. This code reveals the patient's personal details when scanned. This provides quick identification of dentures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shreya Colvenkar
- Department of Prosthodontics, MNR Dental College and Hospital, Sangareddy, IND
| | - Nashwa Sultana Omer
- Department of Prosthodontics, MNR Dental College and Hospital, Sangareddy, IND
| | | | - Farnaz Noureen
- Department of Prosthodontics, MNR Dental College and Hospital, Sangareddy, IND
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Hashiguchi K, Yamaguchi N, Shiota J, Akashi T, Ogihara K, Tabuchi M, Kitayama M, Matsushima K, Akazawa Y, Ohnita K, Nakao K. 'Underwater endoscopic mucosal resection with submucosal injection and marking' for superficial non-ampullary duodenal epithelial tumors to achieve R0 resection: a single-center case series. Scand J Gastroenterol 2023:1-9. [PMID: 36708197 DOI: 10.1080/00365521.2023.2171315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To describe an endoscopic technique named 'underwater endoscopic mucosal resection (UEMR) with submucosal injection and marking (UEMR-SIM)' and to evaluate the therapeutic characteristics of superficial non-ampullary duodenal epithelial tumors (SNADETs) < 20 mm vis-a-vis classical EMR (CEMR) and UEMR techniques. MATERIALS AND METHODS This retrospective study included 103 consecutive SNADET patients (103 lesions) who underwent CEMR, UEMR, or UEMR-SIM. The UEMR-SIM procedure included (1) marking and submucosal injection, (2) filling of the duodenal lumen with 0.9% saline, (3) snaring of the lesion, and (4) electrosurgical removal. The procedural outcomes were compared between the UEMR-SIM and other-procedure groups. RESULTS The en bloc resection rate was significantly higher in the UEMR-SIM group (100%) than in the CEMR group (76.8%) (p = 0.015) but was not statistically different between the UEMR-SIM and UEMR groups (88.0%) (p = 0.236). The R0 resection rate was significantly higher in the UEMR-SIM group (90.9%) than in the UEMR group (48.0%) (p = 0.001) but was not statistically different between the UEMR-SIM and CEMR groups (76.8%) (p = 0.209). CONCLUSIONS Our study indicates that the proposed method, UEMR-SIM for SNADETs, is feasible to achieve a high R0 resection rate and a potentially low local recurrence rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiichi Hashiguchi
- Department of Endoscopy, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan.,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Yamaguchi
- Department of Endoscopy, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Junya Shiota
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Taro Akashi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Kumi Ogihara
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Maiko Tabuchi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Moto Kitayama
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Kayoko Matsushima
- Medical Education Development Center, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Yuko Akazawa
- Department of Histology and Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Ken Ohnita
- Department of Gastroenterology, Inoue Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Nakao
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
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Gonzalez-Rivas PA, Lean GR, Chambers M, Liu J. A Trace Mineral Injection before Joining and Lambing Increases Marking Percentages and Lamb Weights on Diverse Farms in Victoria, Australia. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13010178. [PMID: 36611786 PMCID: PMC9817843 DOI: 10.3390/ani13010178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
This study was conducted on five commercial farms across Victoria, Australia, between September 2018 and November 2019, where the TM status of ewes was within normal ranges before joining. Mix breed ewes (n = 1484) were randomly allocated to receive either nil treatment (Control) or two injections of an ITM product containing zinc (40 mg/mL), manganese (10 mg/mL), selenium (3 mg/mL), and copper (10 mg/mL); 0.2 mL per 10 kg BW (Multimin® plus Copper for Sheep, Virbac (Australia) Pty Ltd., Milperra, NSW, Australia) 30 days before the start of joining and 30 days before the start of lambing. Approximately 90 days after joining, pregnancy status and conception rate were determined by ultrasound. The marking rate was determined approximately four weeks after the end of lambing, and lamb weights were determined at weaning (12 weeks after the end of lambing). In all farms, ITM treatment did not affect the conception rate. The average conception rate was 156 ± 11.0% (p > 0.05). The marking rate of ITM ewes was 9% higher than control ewes (95% Confidence Interval 3−21%). Lambs born to ITM ewes were 2.31 kg heavier at weaning than lambs born to control ewes (p < 0.001). Although not significant, ewe mortality across farms was 1.3% lower in the ITM group than in the control group. On average, ewes treated with ITM pre-joining and pre-lambing produced more and heavier lambs that represent an extra AU$ 2338 per 100 ewes net benefit for the producer. These results help to understand strategic TM supplementation for animal health, performance and farm profitability beyond the treatment of clinical deficiencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula A. Gonzalez-Rivas
- Virbac Australia Pty Ltd., 361 Horsley Road, Milperra, NSW 2214, Australia
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-412-039-610
| | - Graham R. Lean
- Agrivet Business Consulting, P.O. Box 105, Hamilton, VIC 3300, Australia
| | | | - Jerry Liu
- Virbac Australia Pty Ltd., 361 Horsley Road, Milperra, NSW 2214, Australia
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Aoyama R, Anazawa U, Hotta H, Watanabe I, Takahashi Y, Matsumoto S, Ishibashi T. Reply to the Letter to the Editor Regarding the Article: Augmented Reality Device for Preoperative Marking of Spine Surgery Can Improve the Accuracy of Level Identification. Spine Surg Relat Res 2022; 7:118-119. [PMID: 36819636 PMCID: PMC9931412 DOI: 10.22603/ssrr.2022-0171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ryoma Aoyama
- Department of Orthopedics, Tokyo Dental College Ichikawa General Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Ukei Anazawa
- Department of Orthopedics, Tokyo Dental College Ichikawa General Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hiraku Hotta
- Department of Orthopedics, Tokyo Dental College Ichikawa General Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Itsuo Watanabe
- Department of Orthopedics, Tokyo Dental College Ichikawa General Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Takahashi
- Department of Orthopedics, Tokyo Dental College Ichikawa General Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Shogo Matsumoto
- Department of Orthopedics, Tokyo Dental College Ichikawa General Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Toshiki Ishibashi
- Department of Orthopedics, Tokyo Dental College Ichikawa General Hospital, Chiba, Japan
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McMurrer J, McElhiney A, McNally K, Innis CJ. Observations on the use of passive integrated transponder (PIT) tags in teleosts and elasmobranchs at a public aquarium, 728 cases, 2007-2020. Zoo Biol 2022; 41:576-581. [PMID: 35037285 DOI: 10.1002/zoo.21678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Between 2007 and 2020 at New England Aquarium, Boston, MA, USA, we implanted passive integrated transponder (PIT) tags into 728 fish representing 105 teleost and elasmobranch species to identify animals as individuals. At the time of retrospective data analysis, mean longevity interval (median, range) after tag placement for animals that remained alive (n = 236) was 4.7 years (4.5, 0.3-13.8). Mean interval (median, range) between tag placement and death (n = 317) was 2.1 years (1.6, 0-11.2); and mean interval (median, range) between tag placement and transfer to other facilities (n = 175) was 2.5 years (3.1, 0.1-9.3). Possible adverse effects of tagging were extremely rare. Using the described methods, the equipment cost for every 10 PIT tag implantations was $2.83. PIT tag implantation in fishes is a safe and cost effective method to identify individuals, providing an opportunity to accumulate valuable data regarding individual longevity, welfare, basic demographics, and outcome of medical management. PIT tag implantation is recommended as a routine aspect of acquisition, quarantine, and medical management of fish under human care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica McMurrer
- Animal Health Department, New England Aquarium, Central Wharf, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Aubrey McElhiney
- Animal Health Department, New England Aquarium, Central Wharf, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kerry McNally
- Animal Health Department, New England Aquarium, Central Wharf, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Charles J Innis
- Animal Health Department, New England Aquarium, Central Wharf, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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8
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Brown AC, Mortimer NJ, Salmon PJM. The winning score. Australas J Dermatol 2022; 63:e329-e330. [PMID: 36197678 DOI: 10.1111/ajd.13931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Incision lines placed at cosmetic boundaries and/or in rhytids during surgical procedures provide ideal concealment of scars. We suggest the use of a 30-gauge, half-inch needle or alternatively the back edge of a #15 scalpel blade to superficially score the skin to provide markings, which are fine enough to lie exactly within rhytids or at exact cosmetic boundaries such as the nasolabial fold or the junction of the cutaneous and vermillion lip. We measured the average depth of these scores to demonstrate that they are shallow enough to heal without scarring.
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Bugmyrin SV, Gorbach VV. Mark-release-recapture of ticks: A case study of estimating the abundance of Ixodes persulcatus (Acari, Ixodidae). Med Vet Entomol 2022; 36:185-193. [PMID: 35122695 DOI: 10.1111/mve.12565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we tested the applicability of three common methods of absolute abundance estimation-Peterson, Bailey and Jolly-Seber-to Ixodes persulcatus ticks based on mark-release-recapture data. The ticks were collected by flagging during the seasonal activity peak of the ticks in the mid-taiga zone of Karelia (62.0697°N, 33.9614°E). In total, 108 females and 92 males of I. persulcatus were marked. The marked individuals were captured 161 times before the end of the study period with their proportion in the samples reaching 50%. Females were recaptured more often than males, 105 versus 56 times. Estimates of adult tick abundance ranged from 0.4 to 2 specimens per m2 depending on the calculation method. The obtained estimates of absolute abundance varied unpredictably depending on the length of the intervals between capture sessions and showed no significant correlations with the number of ticks collected by flagging. The choice of the method of tick abundance estimation mainly depends on the study aims. The Petersen method may be useful for quick estimates of local tick abundance, whereas the Jolly-Seber method allows an estimation of the absolute abundance during the entire period of the tick activity. Individual marking of ticks may improve the accuracy of the estimates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey V Bugmyrin
- Laboratory for Animal and Plant Parasitology, Institute of Biology, Karelian Research Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, Petrozavodsk, Russia
| | - Vyacheslav V Gorbach
- Department of Zoology and Ecology, Petrozavodsk State University, Petrozavodsk, Russia
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Asada H, Takahashi Y, Ono Y, Kishi N, Matsuo Y, Mizowaki T, Nakayama T. Emotional Experiences of Skin Markings Among Patients Undergoing Radiotherapy and Related Factors: A Questionnaire-Based Cross-Sectional Study. Patient Prefer Adherence 2022; 16:1359-1369. [PMID: 35651663 PMCID: PMC9150759 DOI: 10.2147/ppa.s361916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Patients undergoing radiotherapy often have their skin marked. Previous studies on skin markings examined the durability and physical effects of the markings, but no study has focused on patients' emotional experiences toward the markings. This study aimed to clarify how patients undergoing radiotherapy feel about skin markings, as well as factors that affect patients' emotional experiences. PATIENTS AND METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study using a self-administered questionnaire and medical records. Participants were patients aged ≥20 years undergoing cancer radiotherapy at a designated cancer care hospital. The primary outcome was the level of uncomfortable emotions toward skin markings, and the secondary outcome was the level of favorable ratings on skin markings. To examine factors related to uncomfortable emotions, ordinal logistic regression analysis was performed. RESULTS Questionnaire forms were distributed to 153 patients, and responses were collected from 132 (86%). Among 108 patients included in the analysis, 56% (59/105, excluding 3 who did not answer this question) responded that they were uncomfortable with skin markings. The proportion of patients who favorably rated skin markings was 63% (59/93, excluding 15 who did not answer this question). No factors were significantly associated with the primary outcome. CONCLUSION Many patients accepted skin markings with resignation, as they understood the necessity of the markings in their treatment. Medical staff should understand the emotional experiences of patients toward skin markings and take sufficient care to ensure that they are provided with explanations, including the impact of skin markings on their daily lives, as well as a sense of security that treatment is being performed in a precise manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiromi Asada
- Department of Health Informatics, Kyoto University School of Public Health, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
- Correspondence: Hiromi Asada, Department of Health Informatics, Kyoto University School of Public Health, Yoshida Konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan, Tel/Fax +81-75-753-9479, Email
| | - Yoshimitsu Takahashi
- Department of Health Informatics, Kyoto University School of Public Health, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Yuka Ono
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Image-Applied Therapy, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Noriko Kishi
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Image-Applied Therapy, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yukinori Matsuo
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Image-Applied Therapy, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takashi Mizowaki
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Image-Applied Therapy, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takeo Nakayama
- Department of Health Informatics, Kyoto University School of Public Health, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
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Kodavoor SK, Divya J, Dandapani R, Ramamurthy C, Ramamurthy S, Sachdev G. Randomized trial comparing visual outcomes of toric intraocular lens implantation using manual and digital marker. Indian J Ophthalmol 2021; 68:3020-3024. [PMID: 33229690 PMCID: PMC7856981 DOI: 10.4103/ijo.ijo_465_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the visual outcome of participants undergoing toric intraocular lens (IOL) implantation after cataract extraction using manual marking versus digital marking for intraoperative guidance. Methods: Randomized controlled trial of participants with cataract and corneal astigmatism of 1.00 D-4.50 D. The eyes were grouped into manual marking (Group 1) and digital marking (Group 2). Preoperative Uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA), Corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), and corneal astigmatism were determined. IOL power and axis of alignment were determined using Barrett toric calculator. Eyes were marked by bubble marker and Mendez ring in group 1 and by VERION (Alcon, Fort Worth, Texas) digital overlay in Group 2. Postoperatively, UDVA, CDVA, residual refractive cylinder and IOL misalignment were determined (iTrace system, Tracey technologies) at 1 week, 6 weeks, and 3 months. Results: A total of 61 eyes of 50 participants, 31 in Group 1 and 30 in Group 2, were studied. The mean postoperative cylindrical error was 0.50 ± 0.39 D in Group 1 and 0.29 ± 0.34 D in Group 2 (P = 0.03). 67.74% (n = 21) and 93.55% (n = 29) eyes achieved a residual astigmatism of ≤0.50 D and ≤1.00 D, respectively, in Group 1, whereas 83.33% (n = 25) and 100% (n = 30) eyes achieved a residual astigmatism of ≤0.50 D and ≤1.00 D, respectively, in Group 2 at 3 months postoperatively. Toric IOL misalignment was 4.71 ± 3.12° in Group 1 and 4.03 ± 2.99° in Group 2 (P = 0.39). Conclusion: Accurate manual marking and digital marking are equally effective guides for toric IOL alignment, intraoperatively.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - J Divya
- The Eye Foundation, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
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12
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Rácz A, Allan B, Dwyer T, Thambithurai D, Crespel A, Killen SS. Identification of Individual Zebrafish ( Danio rerio): A Refined Protocol for VIE Tagging Whilst Considering Animal Welfare and the Principles of the 3Rs. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:616. [PMID: 33652779 DOI: 10.3390/ani11030616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In aquatic ecology, studies have commonly employed a tagging technique known as visible implant elastomer (VIE). This method has not been widely adopted by the zebrafish research community and also lacks refinement with regard to animal welfare. The current paper introduces a new VIE tagging protocol, with the aim of improving existing tagging techniques by placing particular emphasis on the Three Rs. To improve animal welfare and fish survival, we added the use of an analgesic compound (lidocaine) through the marking procedure, followed by after-treatment with antiseptics (melaleuca, aloe vera, and PVP-I as active ingredients) to improve tissue regeneration and healing. The newly improved protocol has been quantitatively evaluated on different populations and age groups of zebrafish. This study will be useful to the scientific zebrafish community and to the wider field including biologist and aquarists, especially in consideration of animal welfare, where tagging techniques are considered as a potential noxious stimulus for fish.
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Yanagiya M, Sato M, Ueda K, Nagayama K, Kawahara T, Kawashima S, Yotsumoto T, Yoshioka T, Fukumoto KJ, Nakajima J. Preoperative lung surface localization for pulmonary wedge resection: a single-center experience. J Thorac Dis 2020; 12:2129-2136. [PMID: 32642117 PMCID: PMC7330346 DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2020.04.43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Background Preoperative lung surface localization is effective in sublobar resection for small lung nodules. However, the efficacy may vary depending on the underlying conditions of the lung and tumor, as well as the technique. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and limitations of preoperative lung surface localization for wedge resection by analyzing the outcomes of computed tomography (CT)-guided percutaneous marking and virtual-assisted lung mapping (VAL-MAP). Methods We investigated 215 patients who underwent curative wedge resection for malignant tumors using CT-guided localization or VAL-MAP from 1998 to 2018 in our institute. Each resected nodule was assessed for successful resection, which was defined as complete resection with adequate margins. Results One-hundred-and-nineteen patients with 153 nodules were included. The overall successful resection rate was 87.6%. The successful resection rate was significantly lower for nodules with intraoperative adhesion than those without intraoperative adhesion (75.0% vs. 90.1%; P=0.034), and for tumors requiring deep resection margins (>31 mm) than those requiring shallow margins (≤31 mm) (76.7% vs. 94.6%; P=0.002). Although the successful resection rate for nodules resected using CT-guided localization was significantly lower in cases with versus without intraoperative adhesion (54.5% vs. 86.7%; P=0.048), the successful resection rate for nodules resected using VAL-MAP was not influenced by the presence or absence of adhesion (85.7% vs. 93.4%; P=0.491). Conclusions A requirement for deeper resection and the presence of intraoperative adhesion were limitations of preoperative lung surface localization for curative pulmonary wedge resection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Yanagiya
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaaki Sato
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiko Ueda
- Management Division, Clinical Research Support Center, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Nagayama
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takuya Kawahara
- Biostatistics Division, Clinical Research Support Center, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shun Kawashima
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takuma Yotsumoto
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takafusa Yoshioka
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kento J Fukumoto
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jun Nakajima
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Malter W, Holtschmidt J, Thangarajah F, Mallmann P, Krug B, Warm M, Eichler C. First Reported Use of the Faxitron LOCalizer™ Radiofrequency Identification (RFID) System in Europe - A Feasibility Trial, Surgical Guide and Review for Non-palpable Breast Lesions. In Vivo 2020; 33:1559-1564. [PMID: 31471405 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.11637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM The problem of adequately marking any given lesion within a breast surgical site is commonly solved by introducing a titanium clip. However, clip dislocation and/or stereotactic hook-wire dislocation are common problems. An ideal solution would be a clip that can be easily found without the use of stereotactic intervention. This work reviews the available data on radiofrequency identification devices (RFID) in breast surgery, reports initial experience data in Europe and discusses surgical pitfalls, advantages and disadvantages. PATIENTS AND METHODS This study represents a single center, consecutively recruited, initiation trial with subsequent surgeon questionnaire for the first institution in Europe to report Faxitron LOCalizer™ chip data. Four patients with non-palpable tumors were marked with the system and were correlated via mammography, pre- and intra-operative ultrasound and pathology. Data were then compared to available literature and a literature review was added. RESULTS The four patients marked with this RFID system, displayed a 100% success location rate at a 0% complication rate. Surgeons evaluated the new system as being safe to use and only slightly more difficult to place compared to a standard clip. A significant improvement in ultrasound localization and intraoperative localization was also reported for the LOCalizer™ system when compared to a standard titanium clip. CONCLUSION This trial added a small number of consecutively recruited patients to an existing number of available data, resulting in a total of 121 evaluated and reviewed Faxitron LOCalizer™ marked non-palpable in-breast lesions worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfram Malter
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cologne, Germany
| | - Johannes Holtschmidt
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cologne, Germany
| | - Fabinshy Thangarajah
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cologne, Germany
| | - Peter Mallmann
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cologne, Germany
| | - Barbara Krug
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Department of Radiology, Cologne, Germany
| | - Mathias Warm
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cologne, Germany.,Breast Cancer Center, Municipal Hospital Holweide, Cologne, Germany
| | - Christian Eichler
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cologne, Germany
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15
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Rojas-Araya D, Alto BW, Burkett-Cadena N, Cummings DA. Detection of Fluorescent Powders and Their Effect on Survival and Recapture of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae). J Med Entomol 2020; 57:266-272. [PMID: 31587060 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjz142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The use of insect markers, such as fluorescent powders, is a useful tool for studying ecological and epidemiological questions. Evaluating their effect on vectors of human disease agents, such as the invasive mosquito vector Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus), is crucial for their practical and reliable use, especially in parameters linked to the risk of disease transmission such as adult survival, dispersal, and host-seeking. Seven fluorescent powders (Hercules Radiant, DayGlo (DG), Risk Reactor (RR), and Angstrom Technologies), applied externally on cohorts of Ae. aegypti female mosquitoes, were tested to determine their impact on survival and recapture by baited mosquito traps, and their detectability after being exposed to controlled laboratory and semifield environments. There were no significant differences in survival among marked and unmarked females across all powders. Marked females were significantly less likely to be captured in baited traps relative to unmarked females, except for one of the DG powders. All females remained visibly marked on five parts of their body for 30 d (under both environments), except for one of the RR powders. The tested powders and application method are suitable for tracking mosquitoes throughout most of their lives under different environments, without significantly affecting their survival, but with potential impact on recapture by baited traps, possibly due to effects on senses or other physiological traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Rojas-Araya
- Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory, Department of Entomology and Nematology, IFAS, University of Florida, 200 9th Street SE, Vero Beach, FL
| | - Barry W Alto
- Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory, Department of Entomology and Nematology, IFAS, University of Florida, 200 9th Street SE, Vero Beach, FL
| | - Nathan Burkett-Cadena
- Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory, Department of Entomology and Nematology, IFAS, University of Florida, 200 9th Street SE, Vero Beach, FL
| | - Derek At Cummings
- Department of Biology and Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, 2055 Mowry Road, Gainesville, FL
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16
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Abstract
Background Virtual-assisted lung mapping (VAL-MAP) is a preoperative multi-spot bronchoscopic dye-marking technique. Marking failure reportedly occurs in approximately 10% of marks. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether the patient position during dye injection in VAL-MAP affected the quality of markings. Methods This study was a retrospective review of patients with barely palpable pulmonary nodules who underwent VAL-MAP at a single institution between December 2016 and September 2017. Easily visible markings without bulla formation were defined as "appropriate", while other markings were defined as "inappropriate". Patients were divided in accordance with the position during dye injection into the supine position group (n=6) and the lateral position group (n=8). The two groups were compared regarding the appropriate markings rate. The Fisher exact test and logistic regression model were used for statistical analyses. Results Fourteen patients with 17 nodules underwent VAL-MAP with a total of 48 markings (3.4±0.9 markings per patient). Of these, 21 markings were performed in supine position, whereas 27 were performed in lateral position. There were no significant differences between the two groups in lesion size, depth, and characteristics. Almost all of the performed procedures were thoracoscopic wedge resections (94%), while one procedure was thoracoscopic left upper division segmentectomy. The appropriate markings rate was significantly greater in the lateral position group than in the supine position group (88% vs. 57%, P=0.02). Among the markings located in dorsal and ventral lung segments, the appropriate markings rate in the lateral position group tended to be greater than that in the supine position group (89% vs. 59%, P=0.06). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that the lateral position was independently associated with appropriate markings (P=0.014). Conclusions The lateral position may enable the creation of better quality markings in VAL-MAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Yanagiya
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, NTT Medical Center Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jun Matsumoto
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, NTT Medical Center Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Yamaguchi
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, NTT Medical Center Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jun Nakajima
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaaki Sato
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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17
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Morzycki A, Gillis J, Bezuhly M. What We Do: Povidone-Iodine Solution to Delineate the Cutaneous Roll. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 2018; 56:697-698. [PMID: 30304949 DOI: 10.1177/1055665618805883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Establishing continuity of the cutaneous roll is critical to cleft lip repair. Unfortunately, this landmark can be difficult to appreciate depending on the patient's skin tone, surgical lighting, or preexisting scar. SOLUTION When applied to the lip, dilute povidone-iodine solution beads off the cutaneous roll and dry vermilion, clearly defining these structures. WHAT WE DO We use dilute povidone-iodine solution not only to prep the lip but to delineate landmarks critical to cleft lip repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Morzycki
- 1 Division of Plastic Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Joshua Gillis
- 2 Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Michael Bezuhly
- 3 Division of Plastic Surgery, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
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18
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Riley WD, Ibbotson AT, Gregory SD, Russell IC, Lauridsen RB, Beaumont WRC, Cook AC, Maxwell DL. Under what circumstances does the capture and tagging of wild Atlantic salmon Salmo salar smolts affect probability of return as adults? J Fish Biol 2018; 93:477-489. [PMID: 29931783 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.13655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Adult return rates for wild Atlantic salmon Salmo salar smolts captured in a rotary screw trap and tagged with coded wire (CW) tags were compared with a control group, using detections from passive integrated transponder (PIT) antennae systems over 7 years in a small chalk stream in southern England, U.K. Compared with control smolts, capture and CW-tagging of experimental smolts affected detected return rates only under certain conditions, with a decreased return probability for smolts caught and tagged following mild winter river temperature anomalies and during the night. Similarly, analysis of the experimental smolts revealed that capture and CW-tagging following mild winters decreased their probability of return as adults. There were also marginal positive effects of length at PIT-tagging as parr and length at CW-tagging as smolts, on individual probability of return as adult. The results support the hypothesis that the effect of procedures involving the capture and tagging of migrating wild S. salar smolts will vary with the circumstances under which they are performed. The implications of the findings are considered in the context of ongoing investigations to derive and report marine return rates for S. salar in support of national and international stock assessments and in developing best practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- William D Riley
- The Centre for Environment, Fisheries & Aquaculture Science, Lowestoft Laboratory, Lowestoft, UK
| | - Anton T Ibbotson
- Game & Wildlife Conservation Trust, Salmon and Trout Research Centre, The River Laboratory, Wareham, UK
| | - Stephen D Gregory
- Game & Wildlife Conservation Trust, Salmon and Trout Research Centre, The River Laboratory, Wareham, UK
| | - Ian C Russell
- The Centre for Environment, Fisheries & Aquaculture Science, Lowestoft Laboratory, Lowestoft, UK
| | - Rasmus B Lauridsen
- Game & Wildlife Conservation Trust, Salmon and Trout Research Centre, The River Laboratory, Wareham, UK
| | - William R C Beaumont
- Game & Wildlife Conservation Trust, Salmon and Trout Research Centre, The River Laboratory, Wareham, UK
| | - Alastair C Cook
- The Centre for Environment, Fisheries & Aquaculture Science, Weymouth Laboratory, Weymouth, UK
| | - David L Maxwell
- The Centre for Environment, Fisheries & Aquaculture Science, Lowestoft Laboratory, Lowestoft, UK
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19
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Barcelos AM, McPeake K, Affenzeller N, Mills DS. Common Risk Factors for Urinary House Soiling (Periuria) in Cats and Its Differentiation: The Sensitivity and Specificity of Common Diagnostic Signs. Front Vet Sci 2018; 5:108. [PMID: 29892606 PMCID: PMC5985598 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2018.00108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Urinary house soiling (periuria) in the home is a common but serious behaviour problem in cats. Although many specific risk factors and triggers have been postulated, their importance is largely unknown. This study assessed: (1) the significance of purported risk factors for periuria as well as specifically marking and latrine behaviour in the home; (2) the specificity and sensitivity of signs commonly used to differentiate latrine and marking behaviour. Owner responses to an internet survey (n = 245) were classified into three groups: control, marking and latrine behaviour, along with 41 potential risk factors and 15 predictors used to diagnose marking and latrine problems. Univariate statistical analyses and non-parametric tests of association were used to determine simple associations. In addition the sensitivity and specificity of four cardinal signs (posture to urinate, attempt to cover soiled area, surface chosen and volume of urine deposited) were calculated. Significant potential risk factors were: age (marking cats were older than the other two groups); multi-cat household (increased risk of marking and latrine behaviours); free outside access and cat flaps in the house (higher frequency of marking); outside access in general (lower prevalence of latrine behaviour); defecation outside the litter box (higher frequency of latrine behaviour); a heavy dependence by the cat on its owner (lower frequency of latrine behaviour) and a relaxed personality (lower risk of marking behaviour). Litterbox attributes and disease related factors were not significant. Individual cardinal signs were generally not good predictors of diagnosis. This study challenges the poor quality of evidence that has underpinned some of the hypotheses concerning the causes of periuria in cats. The results, in particular, highlight the general importance of the social environment, with the presence of other cats in the household, the cat-owner bond and personality related factors, alongside factors like the use of a cat flap which might also alter the social environment, all implicated as significant risk factors. While the physical environment may be important in specific cases, it seems this is less important as a general risk factor. The findings quantify the risk of misdiagnosis if a single sign is considered sufficient for diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Maria Barcelos
- Animal Behaviour Cognition and Welfare Group, School of Life Sciences, University of Lincoln, Lincoln, United Kingdom
| | - Kevin McPeake
- Animal Behaviour Cognition and Welfare Group, School of Life Sciences, University of Lincoln, Lincoln, United Kingdom
| | - Nadja Affenzeller
- Animal Behaviour Cognition and Welfare Group, School of Life Sciences, University of Lincoln, Lincoln, United Kingdom.,Department for Companion Animals and Horses, Clinical Unit of Internal Medicine Small Animals, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Daniel Simon Mills
- Animal Behaviour Cognition and Welfare Group, School of Life Sciences, University of Lincoln, Lincoln, United Kingdom
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20
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Tang J, Liu A, Zhang J, Xiong NN, Zeng Z, Wang T. A Trust-Based Secure Routing Scheme Using the Traceback Approach for Energy-Harvesting Wireless Sensor Networks. Sensors (Basel) 2018; 18:s18030751. [PMID: 29494561 PMCID: PMC5876602 DOI: 10.3390/s18030751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Revised: 02/24/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The Internet of things (IoT) is composed of billions of sensing devices that are subject to threats stemming from increasing reliance on communications technologies. A Trust-Based Secure Routing (TBSR) scheme using the traceback approach is proposed to improve the security of data routing and maximize the use of available energy in Energy-Harvesting Wireless Sensor Networks (EHWSNs). The main contributions of a TBSR are (a) the source nodes send data and notification to sinks through disjoint paths, separately; in such a mechanism, the data and notification can be verified independently to ensure their security. (b) Furthermore, the data and notification adopt a dynamic probability of marking and logging approach during the routing. Therefore, when attacked, the network will adopt the traceback approach to locate and clear malicious nodes to ensure security. The probability of marking is determined based on the level of battery remaining; when nodes harvest more energy, the probability of marking is higher, which can improve network security. Because if the probability of marking is higher, the number of marked nodes on the data packet routing path will be more, and the sink will be more likely to trace back the data packet routing path and find malicious nodes according to this notification. When data packets are routed again, they tend to bypass these malicious nodes, which make the success rate of routing higher and lead to improved network security. When the battery level is low, the probability of marking will be decreased, which is able to save energy. For logging, when the battery level is high, the network adopts a larger probability of marking and smaller probability of logging to transmit notification to the sink, which can reserve enough storage space to meet the storage demand for the period of the battery on low level; when the battery level is low, increasing the probability of logging can reduce energy consumption. After the level of battery remaining is high enough, nodes then send the notification which was logged before to the sink. Compared with past solutions, our results indicate that the performance of the TBSR scheme has been improved comprehensively; it can effectively increase the quantity of notification received by the sink by 20%, increase energy efficiency by 11%, reduce the maximum storage capacity needed by nodes by 33.3% and improve the success rate of routing by approximately 16.30%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Tang
- School of Information Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
| | - Anfeng Liu
- School of Information Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
| | - Jian Zhang
- School of Information Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
| | - Neal N Xiong
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Northeastern State University, Tahlequah, OK 74464, USA.
| | - Zhiwen Zeng
- School of Information Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
| | - Tian Wang
- College of Computer Science & Technology, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China.
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21
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Boulay J, Deneubourg JL, Hédouin V, Charabidzé D. Interspecific shared collective decision-making in two forensically important species. Proc Biol Sci 2017; 283:rspb.2015.2676. [PMID: 26865296 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2015.2676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
To date, the study of collective behaviour has mainly focused on intraspecific situations: the collective decision-making of mixed-species groups involving interspecific aggregation-segregation has received little attention. Here, we show that, in both conspecific and heterospecific groups, the larvae of two species (Lucilia sericata and Calliphora vomitoria, calliphorid carrion-feeding flies) were able to make a collective choice. In all groups, the choice was made within a few minutes and persisted throughout the period of the experiment. The monitoring of a focal individual within a group showed that these aggregations were governed by attractive and retentive effects of the group. Furthermore, the similarity observed between the conspecific and heterospecific groups suggested the existence of shared aggregation signals. The group size was found to have a stronger influence than the species of necrophagous larvae. These results should be viewed in relation to the well-known correlation between group size and heat generation. This study provides the first experimental examination of the dynamics of collective decision-making in mixed-species groups of invertebrates, contributing to our understanding of the cooperation-competition phenomenon in animal social groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Boulay
- CHU Lille, Université Lille 2, EA 7367-UTML-Unité de Taphonomie Médico-Légale, Lille, France Unit of Social Ecology-CP 231, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Campus Plaine, Boulevard du Triomphe, Building NO-level 5, 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Jean-Louis Deneubourg
- Unit of Social Ecology-CP 231, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Campus Plaine, Boulevard du Triomphe, Building NO-level 5, 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Valéry Hédouin
- CHU Lille, Université Lille 2, EA 7367-UTML-Unité de Taphonomie Médico-Légale, Lille, France
| | - Damien Charabidzé
- CHU Lille, Université Lille 2, EA 7367-UTML-Unité de Taphonomie Médico-Légale, Lille, France
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22
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Wittman TN, Miller KA, King BH. Finding Prospective Mates by the Parasitoid Wasp Urolepis rufipes (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae). Environ Entomol 2016; 45:1489-1495. [PMID: 28028096 DOI: 10.1093/ee/nvw136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Accepted: 09/10/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Cues from emergence sites may be predictive of mating opportunities if potential mates are slow to disperse after emergence, and particularly if emergence sites are clumped, as in the solitary parasitoid wasp Urolepis rufipes Ashmead. Males emerge before females, and the present study suggests that males may use emergence sites of conspecific males to locate mates. In choice experiments, virgin males spent more time on a male-emerged host (a host from which a male had recently emerged) than on a female-emerged host. Relative to when no host was present, virgin males also marked more in the presence of a male-emerged host, but did not mark more in the presence of a female-emerged host. Females, but not other males, are known to be attracted to male marks. Unlike for males, there was no evidence that females distinguished between male-emerged and female-emerged hosts. Virgin females preferred areas where multiple males had marked over areas where a single male had marked. Such areas had more total marks, yet marks per male did not differ between aggregated and solitary males. Thus, through his own attraction to male-emerged hosts and by marking near other males a male may find and attract females, and with no apparent increase in the cost of attraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- T N Wittman
- Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL 60115 (; ; )
- Current address: Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904
| | - K A Miller
- Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL 60115 (; ; )
- Current address: Entomology Department, Monsanto, 8350 Minnegans Rd., Waterman, IL 60556
| | - B H King
- Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL 60115 (; ; )
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23
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Sato M, Murayama T, Nakajima J. Techniques of stapler-based navigational thoracoscopic segmentectomy using virtual assisted lung mapping (VAL-MAP). J Thorac Dis 2016; 8:S716-S730. [PMID: 28066675 DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2016.09.56] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Anatomical segmentectomies play an important role in oncological lung resection, particularly for ground-glass types of primary lung cancers. This operation can also be applied to metastatic lung tumors deep in the lung. Virtual assisted lung mapping (VAL-MAP) is a novel technique that allows for bronchoscopic multi-spot dye markings to provide "geometric information" to the lung surface, using three-dimensional virtual images. In addition to wedge resections, VAL-MAP has been found to be useful in thoracoscopic segmentectomies, particularly complex segmentectomies, such as combined subsegmentectomies or extended segmentectomies. There are five steps in VAL-MAP-assisted segmentectomies: (I) "standing" stitches along the resection lines; (II) cleaning hilar anatomy; (III) confirming hilar anatomy; (IV) going 1 cm deeper; (V) step-by-step stapling technique. Depending on the anatomy, segmentectomies can be classified into linear (lingular, S6, S2), V- or U-shaped (right S1, left S3, S2b + S3a), and three dimensional (S7, S8, S9, S10) segmentectomies. Particularly three dimensional segmentectomies are challenging in the complexity of stapling techniques. This review focuses on how VAL-MAP can be utilized in segmentectomy, and how this technique can assist the stapling process in even the most challenging ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaaki Sato
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomonori Murayama
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jun Nakajima
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
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24
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Marczewski T, Ma Y, Sun W. Evaluation of RFID Tags to Permanently Mark Trees in Natural Populations. Front Plant Sci 2016; 7:1342. [PMID: 27630662 PMCID: PMC5006006 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2016] [Accepted: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Long-term ecological and genetic studies in natural populations of tree species require marking techniques so that individuals can be re-visited over time, even in difficult terrain. Both GPS coordinates and physical labels have disadvantages that can make re-finding trees difficult. We tested passive and semi-active radio frequency identification (RFID) tags and readers as a means to relocate individual trees. Passive RFID tags do not provide a good solution because of low transmission power of hand-held readers and strong directionality. Semi-active RFID tags provide detection over longer distances, but also suffer from strong directionality. Active RFID tags promise an improvement over semi-passive tags, and could be evaluated in a future study. We conclude that RFID technology has the potential to improve the ability of researchers to locate individual trees repeatedly under natural conditions, and can be used in conjunction with other marking techniques such as physical tags and GPS coordinates.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Weibang Sun
- *Correspondence: Tobias Marczewski, Weibang Sun,
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25
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Henrichs LF, Chen LI, Bell AJ. Simple technique for high-throughput marking of distinguishable micro-areas for microscopy. J Microsc 2015; 262:28-32. [PMID: 26552050 DOI: 10.1111/jmi.12337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2015] [Accepted: 09/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Today's (nano)-functional materials, usually exhibiting complex physical properties require local investigation with different microscopy techniques covering different physical aspects such as dipolar and magnetic structure. However, often these must be employed on the very same sample position to be able to truly correlate those different information and corresponding properties. This can be very challenging if not impossible especially when samples lack prominent features for orientation. Here, we present a simple but effective method to mark hundreds of approximately 15×15 μm sample areas at one time by using a commercial transmission electron microscopy grid as shadow mask in combination with thin-film deposition. Areas can be easily distinguished when using a reference or finder grid structure as shadow mask. We show that the method is suitable to combine many techniques such as light microscopy, scanning probe microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Furthermore, we find that best results are achieved when depositing aluminium on a flat sample surface using electron-beam evaporation which ensures good line-of-sight deposition. This inexpensive high-throughput method has several advantageous over other marking techniques such as focused ion-beam processing especially when batch processing or marking of many areas is required. Nevertheless, the technique could be particularly valuable, when used in junction with, for example focused ion-beam sectioning to obtain a thin lamellar of a particular pre-selected area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonard F Henrichs
- Institute for Materials Research, Engineering Building, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - L I Chen
- School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew J Bell
- Institute for Materials Research, Engineering Building, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
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26
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Andrews M, Stormoen M, Schmidt-Posthaus H, Wahli T, Midtlyng PJ. Rapid temperature-dependent wound closure following adipose fin clipping of Atlantic salmon Salmo salar L. J Fish Dis 2015; 38:523-531. [PMID: 24917430 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.12261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2014] [Revised: 04/10/2014] [Accepted: 04/11/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Three groups of Atlantic salmon were kept at a constant temperature of 4, 10 and 14 °C. The adipose fins were removed; six fish/group were sampled at 11 subsequent time points post-clipping. Samples were prepared for histopathological examination to study the course of re-epithelization. A score sheet was developed to assess the regeneration of epidermal and dermal cell types. Wounds were covered by a thin epidermal layer between 4 and 6 h post-clipping at 10 and 14 °C. In contrast, wound closure was completed between 6 and 12 h in fish held at a constant temperature of 4 °C. By 18 h post-clipping, superficial cells, cuboidal cells, prismatic basal cells and mucous cells were discernible in all temperature groups, rapidly progressing towards normal epidermal structure and thickness. Within the observation period, only minor regeneration was found in the dermal layers. A positive correlation between water temperature and healing rates was established for the epidermis. The rapid wound closure rate, epidermal normalization and the absence of inflammatory reaction signs suggest that adipose fin clipping under anaesthesia constitutes a minimally invasive method that may be used to mark large numbers of salmon presmolts without compromising fish welfare.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Andrews
- Centre of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty for Veterinary Medicine and Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway
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Cooper JL, King BH. Substrate-Borne Marking in the Parasitoid Wasp Urolepis rufipes (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae). Environ Entomol 2015; 44:680-688. [PMID: 26313974 DOI: 10.1093/ee/nvv017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2014] [Accepted: 01/30/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Many animals use pheromone marking as a way to identify their territory or other resources. Among insects, substrate-borne marking is frequently reported for females, which in many species make marks containing oviposition-deterring pheromone, which other females avoid. However, there are fewer reports of substrate-borne marking for males. Here, marking in males of the parasitoid wasp Urolepis rufipes (Ashmead) is described. The conditions under which males mark and whether males and females respond to the males' marks were examined using behavioral observations. Males marked by dragging the tips of their abdomens across a substrate. They marked much more after mating and after consuming honey. They also marked more when with a female, irrespective of copulation, although not when with a male. Females spent more time on or near marked substrates, and males also responded to their own marks. Although males aggressively and successfully defended areas that they had marked against other males, males did not respond to another male's marks in the conspecific's absence. In contrast to males, females did not mark, either on the surface of hosts or on other surfaces, and males showed no detectable response to surfaces which females had recently occupied.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Cooper
- Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL 60115-2861.
| | - B H King
- Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL 60115-2861.
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Augusiak J, Van den Brink PJ. Studying the movement behavior of benthic macroinvertebrates with automated video tracking. Ecol Evol 2015; 5:1563-75. [PMID: 25937901 PMCID: PMC4409406 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.1425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2014] [Revised: 01/15/2015] [Accepted: 01/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Quantifying and understanding movement is critical for a wide range of questions in basic and applied ecology. Movement ecology is also fostered by technological advances that allow automated tracking for a wide range of animal species. However, for aquatic macroinvertebrates, such detailed methods do not yet exist. We developed a video tracking method for two different species of benthic macroinvertebrates, the crawling isopod Asellus aquaticus and the swimming fresh water amphipod Gammarus pulex. We tested the effects of different light sources and marking techniques on their movement behavior to establish the possibilities and limitations of the experimental protocol and to ensure that the basic handling of test specimens would not bias conclusions drawn from movement path analyses. To demonstrate the versatility of our method, we studied the influence of varying population densities on different movement parameters related to resting behavior, directionality, and step lengths. We found that our method allows studying species with different modes of dispersal and under different conditions. For example, we found that gammarids spend more time moving at higher population densities, while asellids rest more under similar conditions. At the same time, in response to higher densities, gammarids mostly decreased average step lengths, whereas asellids did not. Gammarids, however, were also more sensitive to general handling and marking than asellids. Our protocol for marking and video tracking can be easily adopted for other species of aquatic macroinvertebrates or testing conditions, for example, presence or absence of food sources, shelter, or predator cues. Nevertheless, limitations with regard to the marking protocol, material, and a species' physical build need to be considered and tested before a wider application, particularly for swimming species. Data obtained with this approach can deepen the understanding of population dynamics on larger spatial scales and of the effects of different management strategies on a species' dispersal potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline Augusiak
- Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management Group, Wageningen University and Research centre, Wageningen University P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Paul J Van den Brink
- Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management Group, Wageningen University and Research centre, Wageningen University P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands ; Alterra, Wageningen University and Research centre P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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Froerer KM, Peck SL, McQuate GT. Evaluation of readmission ink as a marker for dispersal studies with the oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis. J Insect Sci 2011; 11:125. [PMID: 22233346 PMCID: PMC3281325 DOI: 10.1673/031.011.12501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2010] [Accepted: 08/05/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
In this text we present a new marking dye, readmission ink, Blak-Ray, for the purpose of insect movement studies. The dye was tested in a controlled experiment with Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) (Diptera: Tephritidae) in anticipation of a long distance movement study planned for the following year with the same species. 700 individuals of both sexes were marked with the dye and placed in holding containers. Both the percentage of mortality and the ease of dye detection were monitored throughout a five-week period. Results showed minimal fly mortality and exceptional ease of dye detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen M. Froerer
- Department of Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602-5255
| | - Steven L. Peck
- Department of Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602-5255
| | - Grant T. McQuate
- USDA-ARS, US Pacific Basin Agricultural Research Center, 64 Nowelo Street, Hilo, HI 96720
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