1
|
Sæther JC, Vesterbekkmo EK, Gigante B, Giskeødegård GF, Bathen TF, Follestad T, Wiseth R, Madssen E, Bye A. The association between circulating lipoprotein subfractions and lipid content in coronary atheromatous plaques assessed by near-infrared spectroscopy. Int J Cardiol Heart Vasc 2023; 46:101215. [PMID: 37255857 PMCID: PMC10225625 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcha.2023.101215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Background Lipid content in coronary atheromatous plaques, measured by near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), can predict the risk of future coronary events. Biomarkers that reflect lipid content in coronary plaques may therefore improve coronary artery disease (CAD) risk assessment. Purpose We aimed to investigate the association between circulating lipoprotein subfractions and lipid content in coronary atheromatous plaques in statin-treated patients with stable CAD undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. Methods 56 patients with stable CAD underwent three-vessel imaging with NIRS when feasible. The coronary artery segment with the highest lipid content, defined as the maximum lipid core burden index within any 4 mm length across the entire lesion (maxLCBI4mm), was defined as target segment. Lipoprotein subfractions and Lipoprotein a (Lp(a)) were analyzed in fasting serum samples by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and by standard in-hospital procedures, respectively. Penalized linear regression analyses were used to identify the best predictors of maxLCBI4mm. The uncertainty of the lasso estimates was assessed as the percentage presence of a variable in resampled datasets by bootstrapping. Results Only modest evidence was found for an association between lipoprotein subfractions and maxLCBI4mm. The lipoprotein subfractions with strongest potential as predictors according to the percentage presence in resampled datasets were Lp(a) (78.1 % presence) and free cholesterol in the smallest high-density lipoprotein (HDL) subfractions (74.3 % presence). When including established cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in the regression model, none of the lipoprotein subfractions were considered potential predictors of maxLCBI4mm. Conclusion In this study, serum levels of Lp(a) and free cholesterol in the smallest HDL subfractions showed the strongest potential as predictors for lipid content in coronary atheromatous plaques. Although the evidence is modest, our study suggests that measurement of lipoprotein subfractions may provide additional information with respect to coronary plaque composition compared to traditional lipid measurements, but not in addition to established risk factors. Further and larger studies are needed to assess the potential of circulating lipoprotein subfractions as meaningful biomarkers both for lipid content in coronary atheromatous plaques and as CVD risk markers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julie Caroline Sæther
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Clinic of Cardiology, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Elisabeth Kleivhaug Vesterbekkmo
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Clinic of Cardiology, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
- National Advisory Unit on Exercise Training as Medicine for Cardiopulmonary Conditions, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Bruna Gigante
- Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Guro Fanneløb Giskeødegård
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Tone Frost Bathen
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Turid Follestad
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Clinical Research Unit Central Norway, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim Norway
| | - Rune Wiseth
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Clinic of Cardiology, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Erik Madssen
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Clinic of Cardiology, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Anja Bye
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Clinic of Cardiology, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zanchin C, Ueki Y, Losdat S, Fahrni G, Daemen J, Ondracek AS, Häner JD, Stortecky S, Otsuka T, Siontis GCM, Rigamonti F, Radu M, Spirk D, Kaiser C, Engstrom T, Lang I, Koskinas KC, Räber L. In vivo relationship between near-infrared spectroscopy-detected lipid-rich plaques and morphological plaque characteristics by optical coherence tomography and intravascular ultrasound: a multimodality intravascular imaging study. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2021; 22:824-834. [PMID: 31990323 DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jez318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS We assessed morphological features of near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS)-detected lipid-rich plaques (LRPs) by using optical coherence tomography (OCT) and intravascular ultrasound (IVUS). METHODS AND RESULTS IVUS-NIRS and OCT were performed in the two non-infarct-related arteries (non-IRAs) in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention for treatment of an acute coronary syndrome. A lesion was defined as the 4 mm segment with the maximum amount of lipid core burden index (maxLCBI4mm) of each LRP detected by NIRS. We divided the lesions into three groups based on the maxLCBI4mm value: <250, 250-399, and ≥400. OCT analysis and IVUS analysis were performed blinded for NIRS. We measured fibrous cap thickness (FCT) by using a semi-automated method. A total of 104 patients underwent multimodality imaging of 209 non-IRAs. NIRS detected 299 LRPs. Of those, 41% showed a maxLCBI4mm <250, 39% a maxLCBI4mm 251-399, and 19% a maxLCBI4mm ≥400. LRPs with a maxLCBI4mm ≥400, as compared with LRPs with a maxLCBI4mm 250-399 and <250, were more frequently thin-cap fibroatheroma (TCFA) (42.1% vs. 5.1% and 0.8%; P < 0.001) with a smaller minimum FCT (80 μm vs. 110 μm and 120 μm; P < 0.001); a higher IVUS-derived percent atheroma volume (53% vs. 53% and 44%; P < 0.001) and a higher remodelling index (1.08 vs. 1.02 and 1.01; P < 0.001). MaxLCBI4mm correlated with OCT-derived FCT (r = 0.404; P < 0.001) and was the best predictor for TCFA with an optimal cut-off value of 401 (area under the curve = 0.882; P < 0.001). CONCLUSION LRPs with increasing maxLCBI4mm exhibit OCT and IVUS features of presumed plaque vulnerability including TCFA morphology, increased plaque burden, and positive remodelling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Zanchin
- Cardiology Department, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Yasushi Ueki
- Cardiology Department, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Sylvain Losdat
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Clinical Trials Unit, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Bern University Hospital, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Gregor Fahrni
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Joost Daemen
- Department of Cardiology, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015 Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Anna S Ondracek
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Jonas D Häner
- Cardiology Department, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Stortecky
- Cardiology Department, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Tatsuhiko Otsuka
- Cardiology Department, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - George C M Siontis
- Cardiology Department, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Fabio Rigamonti
- Department of Cardiology, Geneva University Hospital, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Maria Radu
- Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - David Spirk
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Kaiser
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Engstrom
- Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Irene Lang
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Lorenz Räber
- Cardiology Department, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|