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Inoue S, Nakanishi N, Amaya F, Fujinami Y, Hatakeyama J, Hifumi T, Iida Y, Kawakami D, Kawai Y, Kondo Y, Liu K, Nakamura K, Nishida T, Sumita H, Taito S, Takaki S, Tsuboi N, Unoki T, Yoshino Y, Nishida O. Post-intensive care syndrome: Recent advances and future directions. Acute Med Surg 2024; 11:e929. [PMID: 38385144 PMCID: PMC10879727 DOI: 10.1002/ams2.929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Post-intensive care syndrome comprises physical, cognitive, and mental impairments in patients treated in an intensive care unit (ICU). It occurs either during the ICU stay or following ICU discharge and is related to the patients' long-term prognosis. The same concept also applies to pediatric patients, and it can greatly affect the mental status of family members. In the 10 years since post-intensive care syndrome was first proposed, research has greatly expanded. Here, we summarize the recent evidence on post-intensive care syndrome regarding its pathophysiology, epidemiology, assessment, risk factors, prevention, and treatments. We highlight new topics, future directions, and strategies to overcome post-intensive care syndrome among people treated in an ICU. Clinical and basic research are still needed to elucidate the mechanistic insights and to discover therapeutic targets and new interventions for post-intensive care syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeaki Inoue
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care MedicineWakayama Medical UniversityWakayamaJapan
| | - Nobuto Nakanishi
- Division of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Department of SurgeryKobe University Graduate School of MedicineKobeJapan
| | - Fumimasa Amaya
- Department of Pain Management and Palliative Care MedicineKyoto Prefectural University of MedicineKyotoJapan
| | - Yoshihisa Fujinami
- Department of Emergency MedicineKakogawa Central City HospitalKakogawaJapan
| | - Junji Hatakeyama
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care MedicineOsaka Medical and Pharmaceutical UniversityTakatsukiJapan
| | - Toru Hifumi
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care MedicineSt. Luke's International HospitalTokyoJapan
| | - Yuki Iida
- Faculty of Physical Therapy, School of Health SciencesToyohashi Sozo UniversityToyohashiJapan
| | - Daisuke Kawakami
- Department of Intensive Care MedicineAso Iizuka HospitalFukuokaJapan
| | - Yusuke Kawai
- Department of NursingFujita Health University HospitalToyoakeJapan
| | - Yutaka Kondo
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care MedicineJuntendo University Urayasu HospitalUrayasuJapan
| | - Keibun Liu
- Critical Care Research GroupThe Prince Charles HospitalChermsideQueenslandAustralia
- Faculty of MedicineThe University of Queensland, Mayne Medical SchoolHerstonQueenslandAustralia
- Non‐Profit Organization ICU Collaboration Network (ICON)TokyoJapan
| | - Kensuke Nakamura
- Department of Critical Care MedicineYokohama City University School of MedicineYokohamaJapan
| | - Takeshi Nishida
- Division of Trauma and Surgical Critical CareOsaka General Medical CenterOsakaJapan
| | | | - Shunsuke Taito
- Division of Rehabilitation, Department of Clinical Practice and SupportHiroshima University HospitalHiroshimaJapan
| | - Shunsuke Takaki
- Department of Critical Care MedicineYokohama City University School of MedicineYokohamaJapan
| | - Norihiko Tsuboi
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Critical Care and AnesthesiaNational Center for Child Health and DevelopmentSetagayaJapan
| | - Takeshi Unoki
- Department of Acute and Critical Care Nursing, School of NursingSapporo City UniversitySapporoJapan
- Teine Keijinkai HospitalSapporoJapan
| | - Yasuyo Yoshino
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of NursingKomazawa Women's UniversityTokyoJapan
| | - Osamu Nishida
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care MedicineFujita Health University School of MedicineToyoakeJapan
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Froehlich M, Zahner A, Schmalzing M, Gernert M, Strunz PP, Hueper S, Portegys J, Schwaneck EC, Gadeholt O, Kübler A, Hewig J, Ziebell P. Patient-reported outcomes provide evidence for increased depressive symptoms and increased mental impairment in giant cell arteritis. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1146815. [PMID: 37324155 PMCID: PMC10262919 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1146815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives The spectrum of giant cell arteritis (GCA) and polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) represents highly inflammatory rheumatic diseases. Patients mostly report severe physical impairment. Possible consequences for mental health have been scarcely studied. The aim of this study was to investigate psychological well-being in the context of GCA and PMR. Methods Cross-sectional study with N = 100 patients with GCA and/or PMR (GCA-PMR). Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) were measured using the Short Form 36 Version 2 (SF-36v2) and visual analog scale (VAS) assessment. Moreover, the Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9) was used in 35 of 100 patients to detect depression. To compare PROs with physician assessment, VAS was also rated from physician perspective. To assess a possible association with inflammation itself, serological parameters of inflammation (C-reactive protein [CRP], erythrocyte sedimentation rate [ESR]) were included. Results In all scales of the SF-36v2 except General Health (GH) and in the physical and mental sum score (PCS, MCS), a significant impairment compared to the German reference collective was evident (MCS: d = 0.533, p < 0.001). In the PHQ-9 categorization, 14 of the 35 (40%) showed evidence of major depression disorder. VAS Patient correlated significantly with PHQ-9 and SF-36 in all categories, while VAS Physician showed only correlations to physical categories and not in the mental dimensions. Regarding inflammatory parameters, linear regression showed CRP to be a complementary significant positive predictor of mental health subscale score, independent of pain. Conclusion PRO show a relevant impairment of mental health up to symptoms of major depression disorder. The degree of depressive symptoms is also distinctly associated with the serological inflammatory marker CRP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Froehlich
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Rheumatology/Clinical Immunology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Antonia Zahner
- Department of Psychology I, Institute of Psychology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Marc Schmalzing
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Rheumatology/Clinical Immunology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Michael Gernert
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Rheumatology/Clinical Immunology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Patrick-Pascal Strunz
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Rheumatology/Clinical Immunology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Hueper
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Rheumatology/Clinical Immunology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jan Portegys
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Rheumatology/Clinical Immunology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | | | - Ottar Gadeholt
- Rheumatologische Schwerpunktpraxis Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Andrea Kübler
- Department of Psychology I, Institute of Psychology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Johannes Hewig
- Department of Psychology I, Institute of Psychology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Philipp Ziebell
- Department of Psychology I, Institute of Psychology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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Sachdeva S, Kolarova MZ, Foreman BE, Kaplan SJ, Jasien JM. A Systematic Review of Cognitive Function in Adults with Spina Bifida. Dev Neurorehabil 2021; 24:569-582. [PMID: 33872130 DOI: 10.1080/17518423.2021.1907813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Background: Though much research has been done on the cognitive profiles of children, the abilities of patients with SBM as they age into adulthood are not well understood.Objective: Determine if adults with SBM have impairments in overall cognition, attention, executive function, and memory compared to typically developing adults or a standardized population mean.Methods: A medical librarian composed a search of spina bifida, adults, and cognitive function. 549 results were screened using title and abstract. Data were extracted using Covidence review software, including risk of bias assessments. 24 studies were included.Results: Memory impairments, notably working and prospective, have been reported. Results in other domains varied. Average VIQ or PIQ did not imply lack of impairment in other specific domains.Conclusion: Memory impairments should be accounted for and neuropsychological testing should be considered when providing care to adults with SBM. Future longitudinal cognitive aging and interventional studies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Joan M Jasien
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Duke University Health System, Durham, United States
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Fujinami Y, Inoue S, Ono Y, Miyazaki Y, Fujioka K, Yamashita K, Kotani J. Sepsis Induces Physical and Mental Impairments in a Mouse Model of Post-Intensive Care Syndrome. J Clin Med 2021; 10:1593. [PMID: 33918862 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10081593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-intensive care syndrome (PICS) is a physical, cognitive, and mental impairment observed in intensive care unit (ICU) survivors. Although this is an emerging problem in the ICU, how sepsis induces the characteristic symptoms of PICS remains unclear. To develop a model of PICS, we induced sepsis in male C57/B6 mice via sublethal cecum slurry injection and subsequently treated them using ICU-like interventions. At 1–2 weeks post-sepsis induction, we simultaneously evaluated the abilities of the surviving mice using the following behavioral tests: (1) a grip strength test (GST) and a treadmill test for physical assessment, (2) a novel object recognition test (NORT) for cognitive assessment, and (3) an open field test (OFT) and a marble burying test (MBT) for mental assessment. The surviving mice showed a range of deficits, including muscle weakness with significantly decreased grip strength in the GST; decreased total mileage during the treadmill test; anxiety and decreased activity, with significantly decreased time in the central area, and increased duration of immobility in the OFT; and an increased number of buried marbles in the MBT. Given these physical and mental impairments in the surviving mice, our model has the potential to elucidate mechanistic insights and to discover therapeutic targets and new interventions for PICS.
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Freckelton I. Methamphetamine-induced Psychosis and Mental Impairment: A Challenge from New Zealand. J Law Med 2019; 27:284-293. [PMID: 32129036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
While knowledge about chronic amphetamine-induced psychosis and its similarity to schizophrenia is at an early stage, its incidence and ramifications are posing a serious issue for the criminal law. The condition has the potential in principle to result in findings of insanity/mental impairment and diminished responsibility, as well as to be significantly mitigating at the time of sentencing. However, difficult legal questions arise as to whether an ongoing (as against transient) chronic methamphetamine-induced psychosis constitutes a "disease of the mind" as well as complex public policy issues by reason of the condition being self-induced. This column reviews the law generally on the subject, as well as the ruling by Jagose J in R v Brackenridge [2019] NZHC 1004, and explores the ramifications of the reasoning in the ruling for decisions by courts outside New Zealand. It calls for further and more nuanced analysis of the ramifications of drug-induced psychoses being self-induced in the context of the law on criminal responsibility and culpability.
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Inoue S, Hatakeyama J, Kondo Y, Hifumi T, Sakuramoto H, Kawasaki T, Taito S, Nakamura K, Unoki T, Kawai Y, Kenmotsu Y, Saito M, Yamakawa K, Nishida O. Post-intensive care syndrome: its pathophysiology, prevention, and future directions. Acute Med Surg 2019; 6:233-246. [PMID: 31304024 PMCID: PMC6603316 DOI: 10.1002/ams2.415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 238] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Expanding elderly populations are a major social challenge in advanced countries worldwide and have led to a rapid increase in the number of elderly patients in intensive care units (ICUs). Innovative advances in medical technology have enabled lifesaving of patients in ICUs, but there remain various problems to improve their long-term prognoses. Post-intensive care syndrome (PICS) refers to physical, cognition, and mental impairments that occur during ICU stay, after ICU discharge or hospital discharge, as well as the long-term prognosis of ICU patients. Its concept also applies to pediatric patients (PICS-p) and the mental status of their family (PICS-F). Intensive care unit-acquired weakness, a syndrome characterized by acute symmetrical limb muscle weakness after ICU admission, belongs to physical impairments in three domains of PICS. Prevention of PICS requires performance of the ABCDEFGH bundle, which incorporates the prevention of delirium, early rehabilitation, family intervention, and follow-up from the time of ICU admission to the time of discharge. Diary, nutrition, nursing care, and environmental management for healing are also important in the prevention of PICS. This review outlines the pathophysiology, prevention, and future directions of PICS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeaki Inoue
- Department of Disaster and Emergency and Critical Care Medicine Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine Kobe Hyogo Japan
| | - Junji Hatakeyama
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine Yokohama City Minato Red Cross Hospital Yokohama Kanagawa Japan
| | - Yutaka Kondo
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital Urayasu Chiba Japan
| | - Toru Hifumi
- Emergency and Critical Care Medicine St. Luke's International Hospital Tokyo Japan
| | - Hideaki Sakuramoto
- Department of Adult Health Nursing College of Nursing Ibaraki Christian University Hitachi Japan
| | - Tatsuya Kawasaki
- Department of Pediatric Critical Care Shizuoka Children's Hospital Shizuoka Japan
| | - Shunsuke Taito
- Department of Clinical Practice and Support Division of Rehabilitation Hiroshima University Hospital Hiroshima Japan
| | - Kensuke Nakamura
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine Hitachi General Hospital Hitachi Ibaraki Japan
| | - Takeshi Unoki
- Department of Adult Health Nursing School of Nursing Sapporo City University Sapporo Japan
| | - Yusuke Kawai
- Department of Nursing Fujita Health University Hospital Toyoake Aichi Japan
| | - Yuji Kenmotsu
- Department of Nursing Tokai University Hachioji Hospital Hachioji Tokyo Japan
| | - Masafumi Saito
- Department of Disaster and Emergency and Critical Care Medicine Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine Kobe Hyogo Japan
| | - Kazuma Yamakawa
- Division of Trauma and Surgical Critical Care Osaka General Medical Center Osaka City Osaka Japan
| | - Osamu Nishida
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine Fujita Health University School of Medicine Toyoake Aichi Japan
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Chukwu NE, Onyeneho NG. Sociocultural Factors Associated With Abuse of Mentally Impaired Persons in Imo State, Nigeria. Int Q Community Health Educ 2015; 35:349-70. [PMID: 26470398 DOI: 10.1177/0272684x15596094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This study examined sociocultural factors associated with abuse of mentally impaired persons (MIP) in Imo state, Nigeria. A cross-sectional survey of 1,147 persons aged 10 years and above who had at least one MIP in their household was conducted. Six in-depth interviews and 21 focus group discussion (FGD) sessions with 160 study participants comprising adult male and female members of the communities, respectively, were conducted. The study established that a multitude of cultural and social factors shape the attitude of individuals toward mental impairment and MIPs. It was found that cultural perceptions of the cause of mental impairment as supernatural and evil forces were widespread within the study communities. Among those surveyed, 74.6% were aware that MIPs are victims of abuse. Perpetrators identified were mostly relatives and persons close to MIPs. The findings provide useful insights into gaps in conventional understanding of mental impairment and abuse of MIPs in Imo State.
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Abstract
Concussion research generally centers on physical challenges, though aspects such as social functioning and returning to school also warrant attention in pediatric populations. Restoring academic performance postconcussion remains a challenge. Here we provide recommendations addressing a uniform policy for pediatric concussion patients in academic institutions. Tools that may minimize difficulty with academic re-entry include independent educational evaluations, individualized educational programs (IEPs), student support teams (SSTs), letters of academic accommodation, time off, and 504 Plans. Recognition and treatment is crucial for symptom relief and prevention of functional disruption, as is specialist referral during the acute window. We recommend early intervention with a letter of academic accommodation and SST and suggest that 504 Plans and IEPs be reserved for protracted or medically complicated cases. Students with concussion should be observed for anxiety and depression because these symptoms can lead to prolonged recovery, decreased quality of life, and other social challenges.
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McMillan EL, Kamps AL, Lake SS, Svendsen CN, Bhattacharyya A. Gene expression changes in the MAPK pathway in both Fragile X and Down syndrome human neural progenitor cells. Am J Stem Cells 2012; 1:154-162. [PMID: 22822472 PMCID: PMC3399245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2012] [Accepted: 05/28/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The two most common genetic developmental disorders that cause intellectual disability are Down syndrome (DS) and Fragile X syndrome (FXS). Although the genetics and behavioral hallmarks of these two disorders are distinct, common underlying defects in neural development may lead to the cognitive impairment characteristic of both. Human neural progenitor cells (hNPCs) enable the study of prenatal human brain development in these developmental disorders. We therefore tested whether there are common affected molecular pathways in FXS and DS hNPCs that may be indicators of the fundamental developmental causes of intellectual disability. Comparison of gene expression data from FXS and DS (disorder group) hNPCs to unaffected hNPCs indicated genes in specific signal transduction cascades are dysregulated. Importantly, altered expression of genes in these signaling pathways did not emerge when the two disorder hNPCs were analyzed separately. Specifically, genes in the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK/ERK) and calcium signaling pathways are mis-expressed in disorder hNPCs. These results suggest that DS and FXS hNPCs do not communicate or respond appropriately to extracellular cues during neural development. These results validate the use of hNPCs as a tool to assess complex cell functions during neural development and suggest that defects in the pathways identified could have profound effects on how neural progenitor cells survive, proliferate and differentiate, thereby leading to intellectual disability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin L McMillan
- Stem Cell Research Program, Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-MadisonWI 53705, USA
| | - Allison L Kamps
- Stem Cell Research Program, Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-MadisonWI 53705, USA
| | - Samuel S Lake
- Stem Cell Research Program, Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-MadisonWI 53705, USA
| | - Clive N Svendsen
- Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical CenterLos Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Anita Bhattacharyya
- Stem Cell Research Program, Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-MadisonWI 53705, USA
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Hirano M, Ohishi M, Yamashita T, Ikuno Y, Iwahashi H, Mano T, Ishihara R, Tanaka I, Yanagihara K, Isono C, Sakamoto H, Nakamura Y, Kusunoki S. Abnormal cystatin C levels in two patients with bardet-biedl syndrome. Clin Med Insights Case Rep 2011; 4:17-20. [PMID: 21769262 PMCID: PMC3096431 DOI: 10.4137/ccrep.s6622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Bardet-Biedl syndrome (BBS) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by central obesity, mental impairment, rod-cone dystrophy, polydactyly, hypogonadism in males, and renal abnormalities. The causative genes have been identified as BBS1-14. In the Western countries, the prevalence of this disease ranges from 1/13,500 to 1/160,000, while only a few Japanese patients have been reported in the English-language literature. The incidence of renal dysfunction or anomalies in previous reports varies considerably ranging from ∼20% to universal occurrence. We here report that two Japanese patients who had BBS with normal BUN and creatinine levels had elevated levels of cystatin C, a sensitive marker of glomerular filtration rate. A urine albumin level increased only in the elder patient. Thus, cystatin C may be useful for detecting renal abnormalities in patients with an apparent normal renal function. Because this disease is diagnosed by accumulation of symptoms, such a sensitive marker might help early diagnosis of BBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makito Hirano
- Department of Neurology, Sakai Hospital Kinki University Faculty of Medicine
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