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Sun MR, Gonzalez S, Huang JB, Zhou Q, Cherukuri A, Adavadkar R, Yan HL, Sun SH, Zhou G, Raj JU, Chen T. Bi-phasic regulation of miR-17~92 transcription during hypoxia: Roles of HIF1 and p53 hyperphosphorylation at ser15. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2024. [PMID: 38501173 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00127.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
We have reported previously that during hypoxia exposure, the expression of mature miR-17~92 was first upregulated and then downregulated in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMC) and in mouse lungs in vitro and in vivo. Here we investigated the mechanisms regulating this bi-phasic expression of miR-17~92 in PASMC in hypoxia. We measured the level of primary miR-17~92 in PASMC during hypoxia exposure and found that short-term hypoxia exposure (3%O2, 6 hours) induced the level of primary miR-17~92, while long-term hypoxia exposure (3%O2, 24 hours) decreased its level, suggesting a bi-phasic regulation of miR-17~92 expression at the transcriptional level. We found that short-term hypoxia-induced upregulation of miR-17~92 was HIF1α and E2F1 dependent. Two HIF1α binding sites on miR-17~92 promoter were identified. We also found that long-term hypoxia-induced suppression of miR-17~92 expression could be restored by silencing of p53. Mutation of the p53-binding sites in the miR-17~92 promoter increased miR-17~92 promoter activity in both normoxia and hypoxia. Our findings suggest that the bi-phasic transcriptional regulation of miR-17~92 during hypoxia is controlled by HIF1/E2F1 and p53 in PASMC: during short-term hypoxia exposure, stabilization of HIF1 and induction of E2F1 induces the transcription of miR-17~92; while during long-term hypoxia exposure, hyperphosphorylation of p53 suppresses the expression of miR-17~92.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miranda R Sun
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Susana Gonzalez
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Jason B Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Qiyuan Zhou
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Arjun Cherukuri
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Rohan Adavadkar
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Hong-Li Yan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Shu-Han Sun
- Department of Medical Genetics, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guofei Zhou
- Division of Lung Diseases, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - J Usha Raj
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Tianji Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
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Smith MD, Pillman K, Jankovic-Karasoulos T, McAninch D, Wan Q, Bogias KJ, McCullough D, Bianco-Miotto T, Breen J, Roberts CT. Large-scale transcriptome-wide profiling of microRNAs in human placenta and maternal plasma at early to mid gestation. RNA Biol 2021; 18:507-520. [PMID: 34412547 PMCID: PMC8677031 DOI: 10.1080/15476286.2021.1963105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are increasingly seen as important regulators of placental development and opportunistic biomarker targets. Given the difficulty in obtaining samples from early gestation and subsequent paucity of the same, investigation of the role of miRNAs in early gestation human placenta has been limited. To address this, we generated miRNA profiles using 96 placentas from presumed normal pregnancies, across early gestation, in combination with matched profiles from maternal plasma. Placenta samples range from 6 to 23 weeks' gestation, a time period that includes placenta from the early, relatively low but physiological (6-10 weeks' gestation) oxygen environment, and later, physiologically normal oxygen environment (11-23 weeks' gestation).We identified 637 miRNAs with expression in 86 samples (after removing poor quality samples), showing a clear gestational age gradient from 6 to 23 weeks' gestation. We identified 374 differentially expressed (DE) miRNAs between placentas from 6-10 weeks' versus 11-23 weeks' gestation. We see a clear gestational age group bias in miRNA clusters C19MC, C14MC, miR-17 ~ 92 and paralogs, regions that also include many DE miRNAs. Proportional change in expression of placenta-specific miRNA clusters was reflected in maternal plasma.The presumed introduction of oxygenated maternal blood into the placenta (between ~10 and 12 weeks' gestation) changes the miRNA profile of the chorionic villus, particularly in placenta-specific miRNA clusters. Data presented here comprise a clinically important reference set for studying early placenta development and may underpin the generation of minimally invasive methods for monitoring placental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie D Smith
- Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA, Australia
| | - Katherine Pillman
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia/SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Tanja Jankovic-Karasoulos
- Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA, Australia
| | - Dale McAninch
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Qianhui Wan
- Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA, Australia
| | - K Justinian Bogias
- Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Dylan McCullough
- Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA, Australia
| | - Tina Bianco-Miotto
- Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,School of Agriculture Food and Wine, Waite Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - James Breen
- Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,South Australian Genomics Centre, South Australian Health & Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Claire T Roberts
- Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA, Australia
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Mi QS, Wang J, Liu Q, Wu X, Zhou L. microRNA dynamic expression regulates invariant NKT cells. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:6003-6015. [PMID: 34236444 PMCID: PMC11073247 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-03895-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Invariant natural killer T cells (iNKT) are a prevalent population of innate-like T cells in mice, but quite rare in humans that are critical for regulation of the innate and adaptive immune responses during antimicrobial immunity, tumor rejection, and inflammatory diseases. Multiple transcription factors and signaling molecules that contribute to iNKT cell selection and functional differentiation have been identified. However, the full molecular network responsible for regulating and maintaining iNKT populations remains unclear. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are an abundant class of evolutionarily conserved, small, non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally. Previous reports uncovered the important roles of miRNAs in iNKT cell development and function using Dicer mutant mice. In this review, we discuss the emerging roles of individual miRNAs in iNKT cells reported by our group and other groups, including miR-150, miR-155, miR-181, let-7, miR-17 ~ 92 cluster, and miR-183-96-182 cluster. It is likely that iNKT cell development, differentiation, homeostasis, and functions are orchestrated through a multilayered network comprising interactions among master transcription factors, signaling molecules, and dynamically expressed miRNAs. We provide a comprehensive view of the molecular mechanisms underlying iNKT cell differentiation and function controlled by dynamically expressed miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Sheng Mi
- Center for Cutaneous Biology and Immunology, Department of Dermatology, Henry Ford Health System, 1 Ford Place, Detroit, MI, USA.
- Immunology Research Program, Henry Ford Cancer Institute, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA.
- Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Health System, 1 Ford Place, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA.
| | - Jie Wang
- Center for Cutaneous Biology and Immunology, Department of Dermatology, Henry Ford Health System, 1 Ford Place, Detroit, MI, USA
- Immunology Research Program, Henry Ford Cancer Institute, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Queping Liu
- Center for Cutaneous Biology and Immunology, Department of Dermatology, Henry Ford Health System, 1 Ford Place, Detroit, MI, USA
- Immunology Research Program, Henry Ford Cancer Institute, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Xiaojun Wu
- Center for Cutaneous Biology and Immunology, Department of Dermatology, Henry Ford Health System, 1 Ford Place, Detroit, MI, USA
- Immunology Research Program, Henry Ford Cancer Institute, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Li Zhou
- Center for Cutaneous Biology and Immunology, Department of Dermatology, Henry Ford Health System, 1 Ford Place, Detroit, MI, USA.
- Immunology Research Program, Henry Ford Cancer Institute, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA.
- Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Health System, 1 Ford Place, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA.
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Abstract
Small regulatory microRNAs (miRNAs) post-transcriptionally suppress gene expression. MiRNAs expressed in skeletal progenitor cells and chondrocytes regulate diverse aspects of cellular function and thus skeletal development. In this review, we discuss the role of miRNAs in skeletal development, particularly focusing on those whose physiological roles were revealed in vivo. Deregulation of miRNAs is found in multiple acquired diseases such as cancer; however congenital diseases caused by mutations in miRNA genes are very rare. Among those are mutations in miR-140 and miR-17~92 miRNAs which cause skeletal dysplasias. We also discuss pathological mechanisms underlining these skeletal dysplasias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Shvedova
- Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tatsuya Kobayashi
- Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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García-Martínez A, López-Muñoz B, Fajardo C, Cámara R, Lamas C, Silva-Ortega S, Aranda I, Picó A. Increased E2F1 mRNA and miR-17-5p Expression Is Correlated to Invasiveness and Proliferation of Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumours. Diagnostics (Basel) 2020; 10:diagnostics10040227. [PMID: 32316225 PMCID: PMC7235816 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics10040227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
miR-17-5p and E2F1 have been described as deregulated in cancer, but they have scarcely been studied in pituitary neuroendocrine tumours (PitNETs). This study evaluates the relationship of E2F1 and miR-17-5p with the invasiveness and proliferation of PitNETs. In this cross-sectional descriptive study, we evaluated the expression of E2F1, MYC, and miR-17-5p by quantitative real time PCR analysis in 60 PitNETs: 29 gonadotroph (GT), 15 functioning somatotroph (ST), and 16 corticotroph (CT) tumours, of which 8 were silent (sCT). The clinical data were collected from the Spanish Molecular Register of Pituitary Adenomas (REMAH) database. We defined invasiveness according to the Knosp classification and proliferation according to a molecular expression of Ki-67 ≥ 2.59. E2F1 was more expressed in invasive than in non-invasive tumours in the whole series (p = 0.004) and in STs (p = 0.01). In addition, it was overexpressed in the silent subtypes (GTs and sCTs; all macroadenomas) and normoexpressed in the functioning ones (fCTs and STs; some microadenomas). miR-17-5p was more expressed in proliferative than in non-proliferative tumours (p = 0.041) in the whole series but not by subtypes. Conclusions: Our study suggests that in PitNETs, E2F1 could be a good biomarker of invasiveness, and miR-17-5p of proliferation, helping the clinical management of these tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Araceli García-Martínez
- Research Laboratory, Hospital General Universitario de Alicante-Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL), 03010 Alicante, Spain;
| | - Beatriz López-Muñoz
- Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Hospital General Universitario de Alicante -ISABIAL, 03010 Alicante, Spain;
| | - Carmen Fajardo
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital La Ribera, Alzira, 46600 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Rosa Cámara
- Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Cristina Lamas
- Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Hospital General Universitario de Albacete, 02006 Albacete, Spain;
| | - Sandra Silva-Ortega
- Department of Pathology, Hospital General Universitario de Alicante -ISABIAL, 03010 Alicante, Spain; (S.S.-O.); (I.A.)
| | - Ignacio Aranda
- Department of Pathology, Hospital General Universitario de Alicante -ISABIAL, 03010 Alicante, Spain; (S.S.-O.); (I.A.)
| | - Antonio Picó
- Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Hospital General Universitario de Alicante, Miguel Hernández University, 03010 Alicante, Spain
- Correspondence:
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Jin HY, Gonzalez-Martin A, Miletic AV, Lai M, Knight S, Sabouri-Ghomi M, Head SR, Macauley MS, Rickert RC, Xiao C. Transfection of microRNA Mimics Should Be Used with Caution. Front Genet 2015; 6:340. [PMID: 26697058 PMCID: PMC4667072 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2015.00340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2015] [Accepted: 11/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Transient transfection of chemically synthesized microRNA (miRNA) mimics is being used extensively to study the functions and mechanisms of endogenous miRNAs. However, it remains unclear whether transfected miRNAs behave similarly to endogenous miRNAs. Here we show that transient transfection of miRNA mimics into HeLa cells by a commonly used method led to the accumulation of high molecular weight RNA species and a few hundred fold increase in mature miRNA levels. In contrast, expression of the same miRNAs through lentiviral infection or plasmid transfection of HeLa cells, transgenic expression in primary lymphocytes, and endogenous overexpression in lymphoma and leukemia cell lines did not lead to the appearance of high molecular weight RNA species. The increase of mature miRNA levels in these cells was below 10-fold, which was sufficient to suppress target gene expression and to drive lymphoma development in mice. Moreover, transient transfection of miRNA mimics at high concentrations caused non-specific alterations in gene expression, while at low concentrations achieved expression levels comparable to other methods but failed to efficiently suppress target gene expression. Small RNA deep sequencing analysis revealed that the guide strands of miRNA mimics were frequently mutated, while unnatural passenger strands of some miRNA mimics accumulated to high levels. The high molecular weight RNA species were a heterogeneous mixture of several classes of RNA species generated by concatemerization, 5'- and 3'-end tailing of miRNA mimics. We speculate that the supraphysiological levels of mature miRNAs and these artifactual RNA species led to non-specific changes in gene expression. Our results have important implications for the design and interpretation of experiments primarily employing transient transfection of miRNA mimics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Yong Jin
- Department of Immunology and Microbial Science, The Scripps Research Institute La Jolla, CA, USA ; Kellogg School of Science and Technology, The Scripps Research Institute La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Alicia Gonzalez-Martin
- Department of Immunology and Microbial Science, The Scripps Research Institute La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ana V Miletic
- Program on Immunity and Pathogenesis, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Maoyi Lai
- Department of Immunology and Microbial Science, The Scripps Research Institute La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Sarah Knight
- Department of Immunology and Microbial Science, The Scripps Research Institute La Jolla, CA, USA ; Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute La Jolla, CA, USA ; Department of Chemical Physiology, The Scripps Research Institute La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Mohsen Sabouri-Ghomi
- Department of Immunology and Microbial Science, The Scripps Research Institute La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Steven R Head
- Next Generation Sequencing Core, The Scripps Research Institute La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Matthew S Macauley
- Department of Immunology and Microbial Science, The Scripps Research Institute La Jolla, CA, USA ; Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute La Jolla, CA, USA ; Department of Chemical Physiology, The Scripps Research Institute La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Robert C Rickert
- Program on Immunity and Pathogenesis, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Changchun Xiao
- Department of Immunology and Microbial Science, The Scripps Research Institute La Jolla, CA, USA
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7
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Yong Jin
- Department of Immunology and Microbial Science; The Scripps Research Institute; La Jolla, CA USA; Kellogg School of Science and Technology; The Scripps Research Institute; La Jolla, CA USA
| | - Maoyi Lai
- Department of Immunology and Microbial Science; The Scripps Research Institute; La Jolla, CA USA
| | - Changchun Xiao
- Department of Immunology and Microbial Science; The Scripps Research Institute; La Jolla, CA USA
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