Adrenal Insufficiency Secondary to Monkeypox Infection: A Case Report

Our case report confirms adrenal insufficiency following three weeks of monkeypox infection in an immunocompetent patient. As there is no specific treatment for monkeypox, steroid replacement therapy remains the cornerstone of managing adrenal insufficiency. By highlighting the importance of early identification and tracing in our case report, we contribute to the growing body of knowledge on monkeypox and emphasize the importance of identifying adrenal insufficiency and other complications like meningoencephalitis, prompting a significant early intervention that can help manage these complications effectively, potentially improving patient outcomes. In addition, understanding disease progression by tracing monkeypox cases provides valuable information on the disease's natural history, including the timeline and sequence of symptoms, associated complications, and outcomes, to avoid any small chance related to our lack of validated knowledge or incorrect assessment of the disease or the associated complications between an exposure and an effect in the target organs.

The 2022 Monkeypox Epidemic and What Has Led to the Current State of the Disease in the US: A Systematic Review

Monkeypox virus (MPOX) is a zoonotic disease in humans. It is similar genetically to its virus family member, smallpox. This virus has been studied since the 1970s. The virus remains endemic to the Congo and West African regions, but non-endemic spreads have been cited. The most recent non-endemic outbreak in the spring of 2022 amidst the current COVID-19 pandemic is of interest due to its impact on global medical, economic, and societal climates. This literature review aims to highlight the virology, clinical signs and symptoms, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of MPOX and discuss the social implications of the recent 2022 outbreak. We hope this review can pinpoint important clinical pearls of the MPOX virus and its societal impacts to further promote important discussion of this virus and its disease.