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Hong X, Nadeau K, Wang G, Larman B, Smith KN, Pearson C, Ji H, Frischmeyer-Guerrerio P, Liang L, Hu FB, Wang X. Metabolomic profiles during early childhood and risk of food allergies and asthma in multiethnic children from a prospective birth cohort. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2024:S0091-6749(24)00295-1. [PMID: 38548091 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2024.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are increasing numbers of metabolomic studies in food allergy (FA) and asthma, which, however, are predominantly limited by cross-sectional designs, small sample size, and being conducted in European populations. OBJECTIVE We sought to identify metabolites unique to and shared by children with FA and/or asthma in a racially diverse prospective birth cohort, the Boston Birth Cohort. METHODS Mass spectrometry-based untargeted metabolomic profiling was performed using venous plasma collected in early childhood (n = 811). FA was diagnosed according to clinical symptoms consistent with an acute hypersensitivity reaction at food ingestion and food specific-IgE > 0.35 kU/L. Asthma was defined on the basis of physician diagnosis. Generalized estimating equations were applied to analyze metabolomic associations with FA and asthma, adjusting for potential confounders. RESULTS During a mean ± standard deviation follow-up of 11.8 ± 5.2 years from birth, 78 children developed FA and 171 developed asthma. Androgenic and pregnenolone steroids were significantly associated with a lower risk of FA, especially for egg allergy. N,N,N-trimethyl-5-aminovalerate (odds ratio [OR] = 0.65, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.48-0.87), and 1-oleoyl-2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoinositol (OR = 0.77; 95% CI = 0.66-0.90) were inversely associated with FA risk. Orotidine (OR = 4.73; 95% CI = 2.2-10.2) and 4-cholesten-3-one (OR = 0.52; 95% CI = 0.35-0.77) were the top 2 metabolites associated with risk of asthma, although they had no association with FA. In comparison, children with both FA and asthma exhibited an altered metabolomic profile that aligned with that of FA, including altered levels of lipids and steroids. CONCLUSION In this US multiethnic prospective birth cohort, unique and shared alterations in plasma metabolites during early childhood were associated with risk of developing FA and/or asthma. These findings await further validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiumei Hong
- Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Center on the Early Life Origins of Disease, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Md.
| | - Kari Nadeau
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Mass
| | - Guoying Wang
- Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Center on the Early Life Origins of Disease, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Md
| | - Ben Larman
- Department of Pathology, Division of Immunology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md
| | - Kellie N Smith
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, and the Bloomberg-Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy and Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md
| | - Colleen Pearson
- Department of Pediatrics, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center, Boston, Mass
| | - Hongkai Ji
- Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Md
| | - Pamela Frischmeyer-Guerrerio
- Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md
| | - Liming Liang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Mass
| | - Frank B Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Mass; Department of Nutrition, T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Mass; Department of Medicine, Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Xiaobin Wang
- Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Center on the Early Life Origins of Disease, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Md; Department of Pediatrics, Division of General Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md
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