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Kelly C, Raymond C, Han S, Lin Y, Chen L, Huang G, Dong J. DNA variants detected in primary and metastatic lung adenocarcinoma: a case report and review of the literature. Lab Med 2024:lmae019. [PMID: 38527227 DOI: 10.1093/labmed/lmae019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has been found to have recurrent genetic abnormalities, and novel therapies targeting these aberrations have improved patient survival. In this study, specimens from benign tissue, primary tumors, and brain metastases were obtained at autopsy from a 55-year-old White female patient diagnosed with NSCLC and were examined using next-generation sequencing (NGS) and chromosomal microarray assay (CMA). No genetic aberrations were noted in the benign tissue; however, NGS identified a mutation in the KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase (KRAS): KRAS exon 2 p.G12D in primary and metastatic tumor specimens. We observed 7 DNA copy number aberrations (CNAs) in primary and metastatic tumor specimens; an additional 7 CNAs were exclusively detected in the metastatic tumor specimens. These DNA alterations may be genetic drivers in the pathogenesis of the tumor specimen from our patient and may serve as biomarkers for the classification and prognosis of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Kelly
- John Sealy School of Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX
| | - Caitlin Raymond
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX
| | - Song Han
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX
| | - Youmin Lin
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX
| | - Linyijia Chen
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX
| | - Gengming Huang
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX
| | - Jianli Dong
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX
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2
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Küffer S, Müller D, Marx A, Ströbel P. Non-Mutational Key Features in the Biology of Thymomas. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:942. [PMID: 38473304 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16050942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Thymomas (THs) are a unique group of heterogeneous tumors of the thymic epithelium. In particular, the subtypes B2 and B3 tend to be aggressive and metastatic. Radical tumor resection remains the only curative option for localized tumors, while more advanced THs require multimodal treatment. Deep sequencing analyses have failed to identify known oncogenic driver mutations in TH, with the notable exception of the GTF2I mutation, which occurs predominantly in type A and AB THs. However, there are multiple alternative non-mutational mechanisms (e.g., perturbed thymic developmental programs, metabolism, non-coding RNA networks) that control cellular behavior and tumorigenesis through the deregulation of critical molecular pathways. Here, we attempted to show how the results of studies investigating such alternative mechanisms could be integrated into a current model of TH biology. This model could be used to focus ongoing research and therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Küffer
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Göttingen, University of Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Denise Müller
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Göttingen, University of Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Alexander Marx
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Göttingen, University of Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Philipp Ströbel
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Göttingen, University of Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
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3
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Rawat C, Ben-Salem S, Singh N, Chauhan G, Rabljenovic A, Vaghela V, Venkadakrishnan VB, Macdonald JD, Dahiya UR, Ghanem Y, Bachour S, Su Y, DePriest AD, Lee S, Muldong M, Kim HT, Kumari S, Valenzuela MM, Zhang D, Hu Q, Cortes Gomez E, Dehm SM, Zoubeidi A, Jamieson CAM, Nicolas M, McKenney J, Willard B, Klein EA, Magi-Galluzzi C, Stauffer SR, Liu S, Heemers HV. Prostate Cancer Progression Relies on the Mitotic Kinase Citron Kinase. Cancer Res 2023; 83:4142-4160. [PMID: 37801613 PMCID: PMC10841833 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-23-0883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer remains the second leading cause of cancer death in men in Western cultures. A deeper understanding of the mechanisms by which prostate cancer cells divide to support tumor growth could help devise strategies to overcome treatment resistance and improve survival. Here, we identified that the mitotic AGC family protein kinase citron kinase (CIT) is a pivotal regulator of prostate cancer growth that mediates prostate cancer cell interphase progression. Increased CIT expression correlated with prostate cancer growth induction and aggressive prostate cancer progression, and CIT was overexpressed in prostate cancer compared with benign prostate tissue. CIT overexpression was controlled by an E2F2-Skp2-p27 signaling axis and conferred resistance to androgen-targeted treatment strategies. The effects of CIT relied entirely on its kinase activity. Conversely, CIT silencing inhibited the growth of cell lines and xenografts representing different stages of prostate cancer progression and treatment resistance but did not affect benign epithelial prostate cells or nonprostatic normal cells, indicating a potential therapeutic window for CIT inhibition. CIT kinase activity was identified as druggable and was potently inhibited by the multikinase inhibitor OTS-167, which decreased the proliferation of treatment-resistant prostate cancer cells and patient-derived organoids. Isolation of the in vivo CIT substrates identified proteins involved in diverse cellular functions ranging from proliferation to alternative splicing events that are enriched in treatment-resistant prostate cancer. These findings provide insights into the regulation of aggressive prostate cancer cell behavior by CIT and identify CIT as a functionally diverse and druggable driver of prostate cancer progression. SIGNIFICANCE The poorly characterized protein kinase citron kinase is a therapeutic target in prostate cancer that drives tumor growth by regulating diverse substrates, which control several hallmarks of aggressive prostate cancer progression. See related commentary by Mishra et al., p. 4008.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chitra Rawat
- Department of Cancer Biology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Salma Ben-Salem
- Department of Cancer Biology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Nidhi Singh
- Department of Cancer Biology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Gaurav Chauhan
- Department of Cancer Biology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | | | - Vishwa Vaghela
- Department of Cancer Biology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Varadha Balaji Venkadakrishnan
- Department of Cancer Biology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | | | - Ujjwal R Dahiya
- Department of Cancer Biology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Yara Ghanem
- Department of Cancer Biology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Salam Bachour
- Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Yixue Su
- Department of Cancer Biology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Adam D DePriest
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
| | - Sanghee Lee
- Department of Urology, UC San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | | | - Hyun-Tae Kim
- Department of Urology, UC San Diego, La Jolla, California
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangeeta Kumari
- Department of Cancer Biology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | | | - Dingxiao Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Hunan University, Changsa, China
| | - Qiang Hu
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
| | - Eduardo Cortes Gomez
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
| | - Scott M Dehm
- Masonic Cancer Center and Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology and Urology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Amina Zoubeidi
- Vancouver Prostate Centre and Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Canada
| | | | - Marlo Nicolas
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Jesse McKenney
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | | | - Eric A Klein
- Department of Urology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | | | - Shaun R Stauffer
- Center for Therapeutics Discovery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Song Liu
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
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4
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Li Z, Jiang M, Wang J, Zhuo Z, Zhang S, Tan Y, Hu W, Zhang H, Meng G. Transcription factor 12-mediated self-feedback regulatory mechanism is required in DUX4 fusion leukaemia. Clin Transl Med 2023; 13:e1514. [PMID: 38115701 PMCID: PMC10731121 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND IGH::DUX4 is frequently observed in 4% B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia patients. Regarding the IGH::DUX4-driven transactivation and alternative splicing, which are the main reasons behind this acute leukaemia outbreak, it remains unclear how transcriptional cofactors contribute to this oncogenic process. Further investigation is required to elucidate their specific role in leukaemogenesis. METHODS In order to investigate the cofactors of IGH::DUX4, integrated mining of Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP)-sequencing and RNA-sequencing of leukaemia cells and patient samples were conducted. Furthermore, to elucidate the synergistic interaction between transcription factor 12 (TCF12) and IGH::DUX4, knockdown and knockout experiment, mammalian two-hybridisation assay, co-immunoprecipitation and in situ proximity ligation assays were carried out. Additionally, to further investigate the direct interaction between TCF12 and IGH::DUX4, AI-based structural simulations were utilised. Finally, to validate the synergistic role of TCF12 in promoting IGH::DUX4 leukaemia, cell proliferation, apoptosis and drug sensitivity experiments were performed. RESULTS In this study, we observed that the IGH::DUX4 target gene TCF12 might be an important cofactor/helper for this oncogenic driver. The co-expression of IGH::DUX4 and TCF12 resulted in enhanced DUX4-driven transactivation. Supportively, knockdown and knockout of TCF12 significantly reduced expression of IGH::DUX4-driven target genes in leukaemia REH (a precursor B-cell leukaemia cell line) and NALM-6 cells (a precursor B-cell leukaemia cell line). Consistently, in TCF12 knockout cells, the expression of structure-based TCF12 mutant, but not wild-type TCF12, failed to restore the TCF12-IGH::DUX4 crosstalk and the synergistic transactivation. More importantly, the breakdown in TCF12-IGH::DUX4 cooperation impaired IGH::DUX4-driven leukaemia cell survival, caused sensitivity to the chemotherapy. CONCLUSIONS Altogether, these results helped to define a previously unrecognised TCF12-mediated positive self-feedback regulatory mechanism in IGH::DUX4 leukaemia, which holds the potential to function as a pivotal drug target for the management of this particular form of leukaemia. HIGHLIGHTS Transcription factor 12 (TCF12) is a new novel cofactor in IGH::DUX4 transcriptional complexes/machinery. TCF12 mediates a positive self-feedback regulatory mechanism in IGH::DUX4-driven oncogenic transaction. IGH::DUX4-TCF12 structure/cooperation might represent a potent target/direction in future drug design against B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihui Li
- Shanghai Institute of HematologyState Key Laboratory of Medical GenomicsNational Research Center for Translational MedicineRui‐Jin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiP. R. China
| | - Minghao Jiang
- Shanghai Institute of HematologyState Key Laboratory of Medical GenomicsNational Research Center for Translational MedicineRui‐Jin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiP. R. China
| | - Junfei Wang
- Shanghai Institute of HematologyState Key Laboratory of Medical GenomicsNational Research Center for Translational MedicineRui‐Jin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiP. R. China
| | - Zhiyi Zhuo
- Shanghai Institute of HematologyState Key Laboratory of Medical GenomicsNational Research Center for Translational MedicineRui‐Jin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiP. R. China
| | - Shiyan Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of HematologyState Key Laboratory of Medical GenomicsNational Research Center for Translational MedicineRui‐Jin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiP. R. China
| | - Yangxia Tan
- Shanghai Institute of HematologyState Key Laboratory of Medical GenomicsNational Research Center for Translational MedicineRui‐Jin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiP. R. China
| | - Weiguo Hu
- Shanghai Institute of HematologyState Key Laboratory of Medical GenomicsNational Research Center for Translational MedicineRui‐Jin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiP. R. China
- Department of Geriatrics and Medical Center on AgingRuijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiP. R. China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of HematologyState Key Laboratory of Medical GenomicsNational Research Center for Translational MedicineRui‐Jin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiP. R. China
- Institute for Translational Brain ResearchState Key Laboratory of Medical NeurobiologyMOE Frontiers Center for Brain ScienceJinshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiP. R. China
| | - Guoyu Meng
- Shanghai Institute of HematologyState Key Laboratory of Medical GenomicsNational Research Center for Translational MedicineRui‐Jin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiP. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of PathogenesisPrevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical UniversityXinjiangP. R. China
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5
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Patil K, Wang Y, Chen Z, Suresh K, Radhakrishnan R. Activating mutations drive human MEK1 kinase using a gear-shifting mechanism. Biochem J 2023; 480:1733-1751. [PMID: 37869794 PMCID: PMC10872882 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20230281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
There is an unmet need to classify cancer-promoting kinase mutations in a mechanistically cognizant way. The challenge is to understand how mutations stabilize different kinase configurations to alter function, and how this influences pathogenic potential of the kinase and its responses to therapeutic inhibitors. This goal is made more challenging by the complexity of the mutational landscape of diseases, and is further compounded by the conformational plasticity of each variant where multiple conformations coexist. We focus here on the human MEK1 kinase, a vital component of the RAS/MAPK pathway in which mutations cause cancers and developmental disorders called RASopathies. We sought to explore how these mutations alter the human MEK1 kinase at atomic resolution by utilizing enhanced sampling simulations and free energy calculations. We computationally mapped the different conformational stabilities of individual mutated systems by delineating the free energy landscapes, and showed how this relates directly to experimentally quantified developmental transformation potentials of the mutations. We conclude that mutations leverage variations in the hydrogen bonding network associated with the conformational plasticity to progressively stabilize the active-like conformational state of the kinase while destabilizing the inactive-like state. The mutations alter residue-level internal molecular correlations by differentially prioritizing different conformational states, delineating the various modes of MEK1 activation reminiscent of a gear-shifting mechanism. We define the molecular basis of conversion of this kinase from its inactive to its active state, connecting structure, dynamics, and function by delineating the energy landscape and conformational plasticity, thus augmenting our understanding of MEK1 regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keshav Patil
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, U.S.A
| | - Yiming Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, U.S.A
| | - Zhangtao Chen
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, U.S.A
| | - Krishna Suresh
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, U.S.A
| | - Ravi Radhakrishnan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, U.S.A
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, U.S.A
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6
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Kervarrec T, Lo Bello G, Pissaloux D, Tirode F, Poulalhon N, Samimi M, Houlier A, de la Fouchardière A. GRM1 Gene Fusions as an Alternative Molecular Driver in Blue Nevi and Related Melanomas. Mod Pathol 2023; 36:100264. [PMID: 37391170 DOI: 10.1016/j.modpat.2023.100264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
Activating mutations in GNAQ, GNA11, CYSLTR2, and PLCB4 genes are regarded as the main oncogenic drivers of blue nevi (BN) and blue malignant melanocytic tumors. Here we report 4 cases of blue melanocytic neoplasms devoid of these mutations but harboring GRM1 gene fusions. In this short series, there was no gender predominance (sex ratio, 1). The mean age at diagnosis was 40 years (range, 12-72). Tumors were located on the face (n = 2), forearm (n = 1), and dorsum of the foot (n = 1). Clinically, a plaque-like pre-existing BN was found in 2 cases, including a deep location; another case presented as an Ota nevus. Two cases were diagnosed as melanoma ex-BN, one as an atypical BN, and one as a plaque-like BN. Microscopic examination revealed a dermal proliferation of dendritic melanocytes in a sclerotic stroma. A dermal cellular nodule with atypia and mitotic activity was observed in 3 cases. Genetic investigation by whole exome RNA sequencing revealed MYO10::GRM1 (n = 2) and ZEB2::GRM1 (n = 1) fusions. A GRM1 rearrangement was identified by fluorescence in situ hybridization in the remaining case. SF3B1 comutations were present in the 2 melanomas, and both had a MYO10::GRM1 fusion. Array comparative genomic hybridization was feasible for 3 cases and displayed multiple copy number alterations in the 2 melanomas and limited copy number alterations in the atypical BN, all genomic profiles compatible with those of classical blue lesions. GRM1 was overexpressed in all cases compared with a control group of blue lesions with other typical mutations. Both melanomas rapidly developed visceral metastases following diagnosis, with a fatal outcome in one case and tumor progression under palliative care in the other. These data suggest that GRM1 gene fusions could represent an additional rare oncogenic driver in the setting of BN, mutually exclusive of classical canonical mutations, especially in plaque-type or Ota subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thibault Kervarrec
- Department of Pathology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Tours, Tours, France; Biologie des infections à Polyomavirus, INRA UMR 1282 ISP, Université de Tours, Tours, France
| | | | - Daniel Pissaloux
- Department of Biopathology, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France; INSERM U 1052 CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Cancer Research Center of Lyon, Equipe Labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Franck Tirode
- INSERM U 1052 CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Cancer Research Center of Lyon, Equipe Labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Nicolas Poulalhon
- Department of Dermatology, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Lyon Sud, Pierre-Bénite, France
| | - Mahtab Samimi
- Department of Dermatology, Tours University Hospital, France
| | - Aurélie Houlier
- Department of Biopathology, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Arnaud de la Fouchardière
- Division of Pathology, St. Anna Hospital, ASST Lariana, Como, Italy; Department of Biopathology, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France.
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7
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Li Y, Porta-Pardo E, Tokheim C, Bailey MH, Yaron TM, Stathias V, Geffen Y, Imbach KJ, Cao S, Anand S, Akiyama Y, Liu W, Wyczalkowski MA, Song Y, Storrs EP, Wendl MC, Zhang W, Sibai M, Ruiz-Serra V, Liang WW, Terekhanova NV, Rodrigues FM, Clauser KR, Heiman DI, Zhang Q, Aguet F, Calinawan AP, Dhanasekaran SM, Birger C, Satpathy S, Zhou DC, Wang LB, Baral J, Johnson JL, Huntsman EM, Pugliese P, Colaprico A, Iavarone A, Chheda MG, Ricketts CJ, Fenyö D, Payne SH, Rodriguez H, Robles AI, Gillette MA, Kumar-Sinha C, Lazar AJ, Cantley LC, Getz G, Ding L. Pan-cancer proteogenomics connects oncogenic drivers to functional states. Cell 2023; 186:3921-3944.e25. [PMID: 37582357 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
Cancer driver events refer to key genetic aberrations that drive oncogenesis; however, their exact molecular mechanisms remain insufficiently understood. Here, our multi-omics pan-cancer analysis uncovers insights into the impacts of cancer drivers by identifying their significant cis-effects and distal trans-effects quantified at the RNA, protein, and phosphoprotein levels. Salient observations include the association of point mutations and copy-number alterations with the rewiring of protein interaction networks, and notably, most cancer genes converge toward similar molecular states denoted by sequence-based kinase activity profiles. A correlation between predicted neoantigen burden and measured T cell infiltration suggests potential vulnerabilities for immunotherapies. Patterns of cancer hallmarks vary by polygenic protein abundance ranging from uniform to heterogeneous. Overall, our work demonstrates the value of comprehensive proteogenomics in understanding the functional states of oncogenic drivers and their links to cancer development, surpassing the limitations of studying individual cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yize Li
- Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA
| | - Eduard Porta-Pardo
- Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), Badalona 08916, Spain; Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), Barcelona 08034, Spain
| | - Collin Tokheim
- Department of Data Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Matthew H Bailey
- Department of Biology and Simmons Center for Cancer Research, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Tomer M Yaron
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA; Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Vasileios Stathias
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA; Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Yifat Geffen
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Cancer Center and Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Kathleen J Imbach
- Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), Badalona 08916, Spain; Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), Barcelona 08034, Spain
| | - Song Cao
- Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA
| | - Shankara Anand
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Yo Akiyama
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Wenke Liu
- Institute for Systems Genetics, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Matthew A Wyczalkowski
- Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA
| | - Yizhe Song
- Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA
| | - Erik P Storrs
- Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA
| | - Michael C Wendl
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA; Department of Genetics, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA; Department of Mathematics, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Wubing Zhang
- Department of Data Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Mustafa Sibai
- Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), Badalona 08916, Spain; Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), Barcelona 08034, Spain
| | - Victoria Ruiz-Serra
- Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), Badalona 08916, Spain; Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), Barcelona 08034, Spain
| | - Wen-Wei Liang
- Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA
| | - Nadezhda V Terekhanova
- Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA
| | - Fernanda Martins Rodrigues
- Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA
| | - Karl R Clauser
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - David I Heiman
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Qing Zhang
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Francois Aguet
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Anna P Calinawan
- Department of Genetic and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Saravana M Dhanasekaran
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Chet Birger
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Shankha Satpathy
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Daniel Cui Zhou
- Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA
| | - Liang-Bo Wang
- Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA
| | - Jessika Baral
- Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA
| | - Jared L Johnson
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Emily M Huntsman
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Pietro Pugliese
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, 82100 Benevento, Italy
| | - Antonio Colaprico
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA; Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Antonio Iavarone
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA; Department of Neurological Surgery, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Milan G Chheda
- Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA; Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Christopher J Ricketts
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - David Fenyö
- Institute for Systems Genetics, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Samuel H Payne
- Department of Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Henry Rodriguez
- Office of Cancer Clinical Proteomics Research, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Ana I Robles
- Office of Cancer Clinical Proteomics Research, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Michael A Gillette
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Chandan Kumar-Sinha
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Alexander J Lazar
- Departments of Pathology & Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Lewis C Cantley
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA.
| | - Gad Getz
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Cancer Center and Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Li Ding
- Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA; Department of Genetics, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA; Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA.
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8
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Naiyer S, Dwivedi L, Singh N, Phulera S, Mohan V, Kamran M. Role of Transcription Factor BEND3 and Its Potential Effect on Cancer Progression. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3685. [PMID: 37509346 PMCID: PMC10377563 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15143685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BEND3 is a transcription factor that plays a critical role in the regulation of gene expression in mammals. While there is limited research on the role of BEND3 as a tumor suppressor or an oncogene and its potential role in cancer therapy is still emerging, several studies suggest that it may be involved in both the processes. Its interaction and regulation with multiple other factors via p21 have already been reported to play a significant role in cancer development, which serves as an indication of its potential role in oncogenesis. Its interaction with chromatin modifiers such as NuRD and NoRC and its role in the recruitment of polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) are some of the additional events indicative of its potential role in cancer development. Moreover, a few recent studies indicate BEND3 as a potential target for cancer therapy. Since the specific mechanisms by which BEND3 may contribute to cancer progression are not yet fully elucidated, in this review, we have discussed the possible pathways BEND3 may take to serve as an oncogenic driver or suppressor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Naiyer
- Department of Biomedical Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Lalita Dwivedi
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biotechnology, Invertis University, Bareilly 243122, UP, India
| | - Nishant Singh
- Cell and Gene Therapy Division Absorption System, Exton, PA 19341, USA
| | - Swastik Phulera
- Initium Therapeutics, 22 Strathmore Rd., STE 453, Natick, MA 01760, USA
| | - Vijay Mohan
- Department of Biosciences, School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Galgotias University, Greater Noida 203201, UP, India
| | - Mohammad Kamran
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
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9
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Desai A, Reddy NK, Subbiah V. Top advances of the year: Precision oncology. Cancer 2023; 129:1634-1642. [PMID: 36946766 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.34743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
The advent of precision medicine has changed the landscape of oncologic biomarkers, drug discovery, drug development, and, more importantly, outcomes for patients with cancer. Precision oncology entails the genomic profiling of tumors to detect actionable aberrations. The advances in clinical next-generation sequencing from both tumor tissue and liquid biopsy and availability of targeted therapies has rapidly entered mainstream clinical practice. In this review, recent major developments in precision oncology that have affected outcomes for patients with cancer are discussed. Rapid clinical development was seen of targeted agents across various mutational profiles such as KRASG12C (which was considered "undruggable" for almost 4 decades), Exon 20 insertions, and RET mutations. Approaches to precision chemotherapy delivery by the introduction of antibody drug conjugates in the armamentarium against lung cancer has been appreciated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aakash Desai
- Division of Medical Oncology, MayoClinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Neha K Reddy
- Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas at Austin Dell Medical School, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Vivek Subbiah
- Division of Cancer Medicine, Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
- Division of Pediatrics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
- MD Anderson Cancer Network, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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10
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Yamada S, Sekine A, Hagiwara E, Onodera Y, Tabata E, Ikeda S, Kitamura H, Baba T, Komatsu S, Ogura T. Cumulative Incidence of Thromboembolism and Prognostic Impact of Stroke in BRAF V600E-mutant Non-small-cell Lung Cancer. Anticancer Res 2023; 43:935-938. [PMID: 36697098 DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.16237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Cancer and ischemic stroke are closely associated. Thromboembolism susceptibility in lung cancer may differ depending on oncogenic alterations. However, the clinical characteristics of thromboembolism in patients with BRAF-mutant non-small-cell lung cancer remain unknown. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the cumulative incidence of thromboembolism in this population and describe such cases in detail. PATIENTS AND METHODS We retrospectively investigated consecutive patients with BRAF V600E-mutant non-small-cell lung cancer. Cumulative incidence was calculated using a competing risk analysis. RESULTS Of 10 patients with BRAF-V600E mutant lung cancer, five developed a total of seven thromboembolic events, showing a 1-year cumulative incidence of 43% (95% confidence interval=11-72%). These events consisted of four cancer-related stroke (CRS) events and three venous events including deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism. Of note, most of the early thrombotic events were CRS. Two patients with CRS had multiple brain infarctions during anticancer drug therapy, characterized by high D-dimer levels, resulting in short-term mortality (13 and 22 days after stroke onset). CONCLUSION A substantial proportion of patients with BRAF V600E-mutant lung cancer experienced thromboembolism during their disease course. CRS of undetermined source may predict a worse prognosis in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sho Yamada
- Respiratory Medicine, Kanagawa Cardiovascular and Respiratory Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Akimasa Sekine
- Respiratory Medicine, Kanagawa Cardiovascular and Respiratory Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Eri Hagiwara
- Respiratory Medicine, Kanagawa Cardiovascular and Respiratory Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yoko Onodera
- Respiratory Medicine, Kanagawa Cardiovascular and Respiratory Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Erina Tabata
- Respiratory Medicine, Kanagawa Cardiovascular and Respiratory Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Satoshi Ikeda
- Respiratory Medicine, Kanagawa Cardiovascular and Respiratory Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Hideya Kitamura
- Respiratory Medicine, Kanagawa Cardiovascular and Respiratory Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Tomohisa Baba
- Respiratory Medicine, Kanagawa Cardiovascular and Respiratory Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Shigeru Komatsu
- Respiratory Medicine, Kanagawa Cardiovascular and Respiratory Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Takashi Ogura
- Respiratory Medicine, Kanagawa Cardiovascular and Respiratory Center, Yokohama, Japan
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11
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Seguin L, Durandy M, Feral CC. Lung Adenocarcinoma Tumor Origin: A Guide for Personalized Medicine. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14071759. [PMID: 35406531 PMCID: PMC8996976 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14071759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide, with an average 5-year survival rate of approximately 15%. Among the multiple histological type of lung cancer, adenocarcinoma is the most common. Adenocarcinoma is characterized by a high degree of heterogeneity at many levels, including histological, cellular, and molecular. Understanding the cell of origin of adenocarcinoma, and the molecular changes during tumor progression, will allow better therapeutic strategies. Abstract Lung adenocarcinoma, the major form of lung cancer, is the deadliest cancer worldwide, due to its late diagnosis and its high heterogeneity. Indeed, lung adenocarcinoma exhibits pronounced inter- and intra-tumor heterogeneity cofounding precision medicine. Tumor heterogeneity is a clinical challenge driving tumor progression and drug resistance. Several key pieces of evidence demonstrated that lung adenocarcinoma results from the transformation of progenitor cells that accumulate genetic abnormalities. Thus, a better understanding of the cell of origin of lung adenocarcinoma represents an opportunity to unveil new therapeutic alternatives and stratify patient tumors. While the lung is remarkably quiescent during homeostasis, it presents an extensive ability to respond to injury and regenerate lost or damaged cells. As the lung is constantly exposed to potential insult, its regenerative potential is assured by several stem and progenitor cells. These can be induced to proliferate in response to injury as well as differentiate into multiple cell types. A better understanding of how genetic alterations and perturbed microenvironments impact progenitor-mediated tumorigenesis and treatment response is of the utmost importance to develop new therapeutic opportunities.
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12
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Fasano M, Della Corte CM, Caterino M, Pirozzi M, Rauso R, Troiani T, Martini G, Napolitano S, Morgillo F, Ciardiello F. Dramatic Therapeutic Response to Dabrafenib Plus Trametinib in BRAF V600E Mutated Papillary Craniopharyngiomas: A Case Report and Literature Review. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 8:652005. [PMID: 35155453 PMCID: PMC8825802 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.652005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Craniopharyngioma is a rare intracranial tumor, with a high morbidity rate due to its common refractiveness to conventional treatments. BRAF V600E mutation has recently been identified as the principal oncogenic molecular driver of papillary craniopharyngiomas (PCP), one of the two main variants of craniopharyngioma. Case Presentation A 49-year-old man with recurrent craniopharyngioma, harboring BRAF V600E mutation, has been treated with targeted therapy based on a combination of a BRAF-inhibitor, dabrafenib (150 mg, orally two times daily), and a MEK-inhibitor, trametinib (2 mg, orally two times daily). Before starting treatment, the patient was symptomatic: he lamented confusion, dysphasia, and intense fatigue, that did not allow him to work normally. After just one cycle of treatment, the patient showed an important clinical improvement, reporting a progressive regression of the basal symptoms, hinting at a rapid and dramatic response, which was confirmed at the first radiological assessment. Thus, treatment was continued and at the time of writing, the treatment is still ongoing (total duration of treatment: 14 months) and it is well tolerated, with very good quality of life: the patient has no limitations in daily activities and he has even been able to restart to work. Conclusion The use of targeted therapies—as a clinical practice or in clinical trials—represents an important therapeutic alternative and a great evolution for patients' prognosis vs. the standard of care, historically represented by unselected chemotherapies. The discovery of the BRAF V600E mutation in patients with PCP is very rare, resulting in a lack of data on the efficacy of the combination of dabrafenib and trametinib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morena Fasano
- Oncology, Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Marianna Caterino
- Oncology, Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania, Naples, Italy
| | - Mario Pirozzi
- Oncology, Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania, Naples, Italy
| | - Raffaele Rauso
- Oral Surgery, Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Dental Specialties, University of Campania, Naples, Italy
| | - Teresa Troiani
- Oncology, Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania, Naples, Italy
| | - Giulia Martini
- Oncology, Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania, Naples, Italy
| | - Stefania Napolitano
- Oncology, Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania, Naples, Italy
| | - Floriana Morgillo
- Oncology, Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania, Naples, Italy
| | - Fortunato Ciardiello
- Oncology, Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania, Naples, Italy
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13
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Domènech M, Muñoz Marmol AM, Mate JL, Estival A, Moran T, Cucurull M, Saigi M, Hernandez A, Sanz C, Hernandez-Gallego A, Urbizu A, Martinez-Cardus A, Bernat A, Carcereny E. Correlation between PD-L1 expression and MET gene amplification in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer and no other actionable oncogenic driver. Oncotarget 2021; 12:1802-1810. [PMID: 34504652 PMCID: PMC8416561 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.28045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC) are the most common type of lung cancer and can be classified according to the presence of mutually exclusive oncogenic drivers. The majority of NSCLC patients present a non-actionable oncogenic driver, and treatment resistance through the amplification of the METproto-oncogene (MET) or the expression of programmed cell death protein 1 ligand (PD-L1) is common. Herein, we investigated the relation between MET gene amplification and PD-L1 expression in patients with advanced NSCLC and no other actionable oncogenic driver (i.e., EGFR, ALK, ROS1). Our retrospective observational study analyzed data from 48 patients (78% men, median age 66 years) admitted to the Germans Trias i Pujol Hospital, Spain, between July 2015 and February 2019. Patients presenting MET amplification showed a higher proportion of PD-L1 expression (93% vs. 39%; p < 0.001) and overexpression (64% vs. 27%; p = 0.020) than those with non-amplified MET. PD-L1 expression was not significantly different when analyzed by sex (p = 0.624), smoking history (p = 0.429), and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status (p = 0.597) Overall survival rates were not significantly affected by MET amplification (high and intermediate amplification vs low amplification and non-amplificated) (p = 0.252) nor PD-L1 expression (> vs =< 50%) (p = 0.893). In conclusion, a positive correlation was found between MET gene amplification and PD-L1 expression and highly expressed (above 50%) in patients with NSCLC and no other actionable oncogenic driver. It could be translated as new guided-treatment oportunities for these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Domènech
- Medical Oncology Department, Catalan Institute of Oncology Badalona, Germans Trias i Pujol Hospital, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain.,Badalona Applied Research Group in Oncology (BARGO), Institut d'Investigació en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana M Muñoz Marmol
- Pathology Department, Germans Trias i Pujol Hospital, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jose Luis Mate
- Pathology Department, Germans Trias i Pujol Hospital, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Estival
- Medical Oncology Department, Catalan Institute of Oncology Badalona, Germans Trias i Pujol Hospital, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain.,Badalona Applied Research Group in Oncology (BARGO), Institut d'Investigació en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Teresa Moran
- Medical Oncology Department, Catalan Institute of Oncology Badalona, Germans Trias i Pujol Hospital, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain.,Badalona Applied Research Group in Oncology (BARGO), Institut d'Investigació en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marc Cucurull
- Medical Oncology Department, Catalan Institute of Oncology Badalona, Germans Trias i Pujol Hospital, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain.,Badalona Applied Research Group in Oncology (BARGO), Institut d'Investigació en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Saigi
- Medical Oncology Department, Catalan Institute of Oncology Badalona, Germans Trias i Pujol Hospital, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain.,Badalona Applied Research Group in Oncology (BARGO), Institut d'Investigació en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ainhoa Hernandez
- Medical Oncology Department, Catalan Institute of Oncology Badalona, Germans Trias i Pujol Hospital, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain.,Badalona Applied Research Group in Oncology (BARGO), Institut d'Investigació en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carolina Sanz
- Pathology Department, Germans Trias i Pujol Hospital, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Aintzane Urbizu
- Pathology Department, Germans Trias i Pujol Hospital, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Martinez-Cardus
- Badalona Applied Research Group in Oncology (BARGO), Institut d'Investigació en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Adrià Bernat
- Badalona Applied Research Group in Oncology (BARGO), Institut d'Investigació en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Enric Carcereny
- Medical Oncology Department, Catalan Institute of Oncology Badalona, Germans Trias i Pujol Hospital, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain.,Badalona Applied Research Group in Oncology (BARGO), Institut d'Investigació en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
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14
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Mielgo-Rubio X, Martín M, Remon J, Higuera O, Calvo V, Jarabo JR, Conde E, Luna J, Provencio M, De Castro J, López-Ríos F, Hernando-Trancho F, Couñago F. Targeted therapy moves to earlier stages of non-small-cell lung cancer: emerging evidence, controversies and future challenges. Future Oncol 2021; 17:4011-4025. [PMID: 34337973 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2020-1255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer continues to be the leading cause of cancer mortality and a serious health problem despite the numerous advances made in the last decade and the rapid advance of research in this field. In recent years, there has been a decrease in mortality from lung cancer coinciding with the approval times of targeted therapy. To date, targeted therapy has been used in the context of advanced disease in clinical practice, with great benefits in survival and quality of life. The next step will be to incorporate targeted therapy into the treatment of earlier stages of non-small-cell lung cancer, and there is already a randomized trial showing a disease-free survival benefit. However, there are many questions that need to be resolved first. In the present review, the authors discuss the findings of published reports and ongoing clinical trials assessing the role of targeted therapies in nonmetastatic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xabier Mielgo-Rubio
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón, Budapest 1 Alcorcón, Madrid 28922, Spain
| | - Margarita Martín
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ramón y Cajal University Hospital, M-607, km. 9, 100, Madrid 28034, Spain
| | - Jordi Remon
- Department of Medical Oncology, Centro Integral Oncológico Clara Campal, Hospital HM Delfos, HM Hospitales, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Oliver Higuera
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Paseo de la Castellana 261, Madrid 28046, Spain
| | - Virginia Calvo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Puerta de Hierro Hospital, Joaquín Rodrigo 1, Majadahonda, Madrid 28222, Spain
| | - José Ramón Jarabo
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Calle del Profesor Martín Lagos, s/n, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Esther Conde
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid 28041, Spain
| | - Javier Luna
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Oncohealth Institute, Avda. Reyes Católicos 2, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Mariano Provencio
- Department of Medical Oncology, Puerta de Hierro Hospital, Joaquín Rodrigo 1, Majadahonda, Madrid 28222, Spain
| | - Javier De Castro
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Paseo de la Castellana 261, Madrid 28046, Spain
| | - Fernando López-Ríos
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid 28041, Spain
| | - Florentino Hernando-Trancho
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Calle del Profesor Martín Lagos, s/n, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Felipe Couñago
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hospital Universitario Quirónsalud Madrid, Madrid 28223, Spain.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Hospital La Luz, Madrid 28003, Spain.,Medicine Department, School of Biomedical Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Villaviciosa de Odón 28670, Spain
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15
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Dantoing E, Piton N, Salaün M, Thiberville L, Guisier F. Anti-PD1/PD-L1 Immunotherapy for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer with Actionable Oncogenic Driver Mutations. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:6288. [PMID: 34208111 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Anti-PD1/PD-L1 immunotherapy has emerged as a standard of care for stage III-IV non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) over the past decade. Patient selection is usually based on PD-L1 expression by tumor cells and/or tumor mutational burden. However, mutations in oncogenic drivers such as EGFR, ALK, BRAF, or MET modify the immune tumor microenvironment and may promote anti-PD1/PD-L1 resistance. In this review, we discuss the molecular mechanisms associated with these mutations, which shape the immune tumor microenvironment and may impede anti-PD1/PD-L1 efficacy. We provide an overview of the current clinical data on anti-PD1/PD-L1 efficacy in NSCLC with oncogenic driver mutation.
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16
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Nita A, Abraham SP, Krejci P, Bosakova M. Oncogenic FGFR Fusions Produce Centrosome and Cilia Defects by Ectopic Signaling. Cells 2021; 10:1445. [PMID: 34207779 PMCID: PMC8227969 DOI: 10.3390/cells10061445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A single primary cilium projects from most vertebrate cells to guide cell fate decisions. A growing list of signaling molecules is found to function through cilia and control ciliogenesis, including the fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFR). Aberrant FGFR activity produces abnormal cilia with deregulated signaling, which contributes to pathogenesis of the FGFR-mediated genetic disorders. FGFR lesions are also found in cancer, raising a possibility of cilia involvement in the neoplastic transformation and tumor progression. Here, we focus on FGFR gene fusions, and discuss the possible mechanisms by which they function as oncogenic drivers. We show that a substantial portion of the FGFR fusion partners are proteins associated with the centrosome cycle, including organization of the mitotic spindle and ciliogenesis. The functions of centrosome proteins are often lost with the gene fusion, leading to haploinsufficiency that induces cilia loss and deregulated cell division. We speculate that this complements the ectopic FGFR activity and drives the FGFR fusion cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandru Nita
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic; (A.N.); (S.P.A.); (P.K.)
| | - Sara P. Abraham
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic; (A.N.); (S.P.A.); (P.K.)
| | - Pavel Krejci
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic; (A.N.); (S.P.A.); (P.K.)
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics of the CAS, 60200 Brno, Czech Republic
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne’s University Hospital, 65691 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Michaela Bosakova
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic; (A.N.); (S.P.A.); (P.K.)
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics of the CAS, 60200 Brno, Czech Republic
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne’s University Hospital, 65691 Brno, Czech Republic
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17
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Freiberger SN, Turko P, Hüllner M, Dummer R, Morand GB, Levesque MP, Holzmann D, Rupp NJ. Who's Driving? Switch of Drivers in Immunotherapy-Treated Progressing Sinonasal Melanoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13112725. [PMID: 34072863 PMCID: PMC8198298 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13112725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Here, we monitored the course of the disease and treatment of sinonasal melanoma patients. Since treatment options are rare, immunotherapy is often the treatment of choice. However, intrinsic or acquired resistance to treatment may occur. We assessed the mutational status of the tumors and metastases during the course of therapy and recognized a switch of the oncogenic drivers to mutant NRAS in progressing disease. As a switch of drivers (other than the addition of a second driver) has not been reported yet, longitudinal molecular testing and the awareness of molecular heterogeneity of sinonasal melanoma is crucial. Abstract Mucosal melanoma can be driven by various driver mutations in genes such as NRAS, KIT, or KRAS. However, some cases present with only weak drivers, or lacking known oncogenic drivers, suggesting immunotherapy over targeted therapy. While resistance mechanisms to immunotherapy in cutaneous melanoma have been uncovered, including alterations in JAK1/2, B2M, or STK11, a switch of oncogenic drivers under immunotherapy has not yet been observed. We report three cases of metastatic sinonasal melanoma that switched oncogenic drivers from KRAS, KIT, or no driver to NRAS during or after immunotherapy, thereby showing progressive disease. One of the cases presented with three spatially separate driver mutations in the primary tumor, whereas the NRAS clone persisted under immunotherapy. In comparison, three different control cases receiving radiotherapy only did not show a change of the detectable molecular drivers in their respective recurrences or metastases. In summary, these data provide an important rationale for longitudinal molecular testing, based on evidence for an unforeseen recurrent event of molecular driver switch to NRAS in progressing sinonasal melanoma. These findings provide the basis for further studies on a potential causal relation of emerging NRAS mutant clones and immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra N. Freiberger
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland;
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich, 8006 Zurich, Switzerland; (M.H.); (R.D.); (G.B.M.); (M.P.L.); (D.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +41-44-255-3929
| | - Patrick Turko
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, 8058 Zurich, Switzerland;
| | - Martin Hüllner
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich, 8006 Zurich, Switzerland; (M.H.); (R.D.); (G.B.M.); (M.P.L.); (D.H.)
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Reinhard Dummer
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich, 8006 Zurich, Switzerland; (M.H.); (R.D.); (G.B.M.); (M.P.L.); (D.H.)
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, 8058 Zurich, Switzerland;
| | - Grégoire B. Morand
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich, 8006 Zurich, Switzerland; (M.H.); (R.D.); (G.B.M.); (M.P.L.); (D.H.)
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Sir Mortimer B. Davis—Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3T1E2, Canada
| | - Mitchell P. Levesque
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich, 8006 Zurich, Switzerland; (M.H.); (R.D.); (G.B.M.); (M.P.L.); (D.H.)
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, 8058 Zurich, Switzerland;
| | - David Holzmann
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich, 8006 Zurich, Switzerland; (M.H.); (R.D.); (G.B.M.); (M.P.L.); (D.H.)
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Niels J. Rupp
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland;
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich, 8006 Zurich, Switzerland; (M.H.); (R.D.); (G.B.M.); (M.P.L.); (D.H.)
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18
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Auliac JB, Bayle S, Do P, Le Garff G, Roa M, Falchero L, Huchot E, Quéré G, Jeannin G, Métivier AC, Hobeika J, Guisier F, Chouaid C. Efficacy of Dabrafenib Plus Trametinib Combination in Patients with BRAF V600E-Mutant NSCLC in Real-World Setting: GFPC 01-2019. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E3608. [PMID: 33276639 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12123608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Mutations of the BRAF oncogene are reported in tumors of patients with non-small-cell lung cancer in 2–4% of cases (about half of them are V600E mutation). Dabrafenib plus trametinib combination is approved in Europe for BRAF V600E-mutant metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer. However, there are few published data on the efficacy and safety of this combination outside of formal clinical trials. In this retrospective multicentric observational study, we describe in a real-life setting the characteristics and the outcomes of patients with BRAF V600E-mutant NSCLC treated with the dabrafenib and trametinib combination. The results in 40 patients suggest that efficacy and safety of dabrafenib plus trametinib combination in patients with metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer harboring this mutation are comparable in a real-world setting and in clinical trials for both previously untreated and treated patients. Abstract Dabrafenib plus trametinib combination is approved in Europe for BRAF V600E-mutant metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The objective of this study was to assess efficacy and safety of this combination in a real-world setting. This retrospective multicentric study included 40 patients with advanced NSCLC harboring BRAF V600E mutation and receiving dabrafenib plus trametinib. The median progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were 17.5 (95% CI 7.1–23.0) months and 25.5 (95% CI 16.6–not reached) months in the entire cohort, respectively. For the 9 patients with first-line treatment, median PFS was 16.8 (95% CI 6.1–23.2) months and median OS was 21.8 (95% CI 1.0–not reached) months; for the 31 patients with second-line or more treatments, median PFS and OS were 16.8 (95% CI 6.1–23.2) months and 25.5 (95% CI 16.6–not reached) months, respectively. Adverse events led to permanent discontinuation in 7 (18%) patients, treatment interruption in 8 (20%) and dose reduction in 12 (30%). In conclusion, these results suggest that efficacy and safety of dabrafenib plus trametinib combination in patients with BRAF V600E metastatic NSCLC are comparable in a real-world setting and in clinical trials for both previously untreated and treated patients.
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19
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Ma J, Hong Y, Chen W, Li D, Tian K, Wang K, Yang Y, Zhang Y, Chen Y, Song L, Chen L, Zhang L, Du J, Zhang J, Wu Z, Zhang D, Wang L. High Copy-Number Variation Burdens in Cranial Meningiomas From Patients With Diverse Clinical Phenotypes Characterized by Hot Genomic Structure Changes. Front Oncol 2020; 10:1382. [PMID: 32923390 PMCID: PMC7457130 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.01382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Meningiomas, as the most common primary tumor of the central nervous system, are known to harbor genomic aberrations that associate with clinical phenotypes. Here we performed genome-wide genotyping for cranial meningiomas in 383 Chinese patients and identified 9,821 copy-number variations (CNVs). Particularly, patients with diverse clinical features had distinct tumor CNV profiles. CNV burdens were greater in high-grade (WHO grade II and III) samples, recurrent lesions, large tumors (diameter >4.3 cm), and those collected from male patients. Nevertheless, the level of CNV burden did not relate to tumor locations, peritumoral brain edema, bone invasion, or multiple lesions. Overall, the most common tumor CNVs were the copy-number gain (CNG) at 22q11.1 and the copy-number losses (CNLs) at 22q13.2, 14q11.2, 1p34.3, and 1p31.3. Recurrent lesions were featured by the CNLs at 1p31.3, 6q22.31, 9p21.3, and 11p12, and high-grade samples had more CNVs at 4q13.3 and 6q22.31. Meanwhile, large tumors were more likely to have the CNVs at 1p31.3 and 1p34.3. Additionally, recurrence prediction indicated the CNLs at 4p16.3 (p = 0.009, hazard ratio = 5.69) and 10p11.22 (p = 0.037, hazard ratio = 4.53) were candidate independent risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junpeng Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yaqiang Hong
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Da Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Kaibing Tian
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ke Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yujia Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lairong Song
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Liangpeng Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Liwei Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China.,Center of Brain Tumor, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Brain Tumor, Beijing, China
| | - Jiang Du
- Department of Neuropathology, Beijing Neurological Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Junting Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Center of Brain Tumor, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Brain Tumor, Beijing, China
| | - Zhen Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China.,Center of Brain Tumor, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Brain Tumor, Beijing, China
| | - Dake Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Liang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China.,Center of Brain Tumor, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China
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20
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Liu M, Yan Q, Sun Y, Nam Y, Hu L, Loong JH, Ouyang Q, Zhang Y, Li HL, Kong FE, Li L, Li Y, Li MM, Cheng W, Jiang LX, Fang S, Yang XD, Mo JQ, Gong YF, Tang YQ, Li Y, Yuan YF, Ma NF, Lin G, Ma S, Wang JG, Guan XY. A hepatocyte differentiation model reveals two subtypes of liver cancer with different oncofetal properties and therapeutic targets. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:6103-13. [PMID: 32123069 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1912146117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical observation of the association between cancer aggressiveness and embryonic development stage implies the importance of developmental signals in cancer initiation and therapeutic resistance. However, the dynamic gene expression during organogenesis and the master oncofetal drivers are still unclear, which impeded the efficient elimination of poor prognostic tumors, including human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this study, human embryonic stem cells were induced to differentiate into adult hepatocytes along hepatic lineages to mimic liver development in vitro. Combining transcriptomic data from liver cancer patients with the hepatocyte differentiation model, the active genes derived from different hepatic developmental stages and the tumor tissues were selected. Bioinformatic analysis followed by experimental assays was used to validate the tumor subtype-specific oncofetal signatures and potential therapeutic values. Hierarchical clustering analysis revealed the existence of two subtypes of liver cancer with different oncofetal properties. The gene signatures and their clinical significance were further validated in an independent clinical cohort and The Cancer Genome Atlas database. Upstream activator analysis and functional screening further identified E2F1 and SMAD3 as master transcriptional regulators. Small-molecule inhibitors specifically targeting the oncofetal drivers extensively down-regulated subtype-specific developmental signaling and inhibited tumorigenicity. Liver cancer cells and primary HCC tumors with different oncofetal properties also showed selective vulnerability to their specific inhibitors. Further precise targeting of the tumor initiating steps and driving events according to subtype-specific biomarkers might eliminate tumor progression and provide novel therapeutic strategy.
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21
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Guo Y, Cao R, Zhang X, Huang L, Sun L, Zhao J, Ma J, Han C. Recent Progress in Rare Oncogenic Drivers and Targeted Therapy For Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:10343-10360. [PMID: 31819518 PMCID: PMC6886531 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s230309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 11/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is frequently associated with oncogenic driver mutations, which play an important role in carcinogenesis and cancer progression. Targeting epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations and anaplastic lymphoma kinase rearrangements has become standard therapy for patients with these aberrations because of the greater improvement of survival, tolerance, and quality-of-life compared to chemotherapy. Clinical trials for emerging therapies that target other less common driver genes are generating mixed results. Here, we review the literature on rare drivers in NSCLC with frequencies lower than 5% (e.g., ROS1, RET, MET, BRAF, NTRK, HER2, NRG1, FGFR1, PIK3CA, DDR2, and EGFR exon 20 insertions). In summary, targeting rare oncogenic drivers in NSCLC has achieved some success. With the development of new inhibitors that target these rare drivers, the spectrum of targeted therapy has been expanded, although acquired resistance is still an unavoidable problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijia Guo
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Cao
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangyan Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Letian Huang
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Sun
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianzhu Zhao
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jietao Ma
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengbo Han
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
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22
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Shang G, Jin Y, Zheng Q, Shen X, Yang M, Li Y, Zhang L. Histology and oncogenic driver alterations of lung adenocarcinoma in Chinese. Am J Cancer Res 2019; 9:1212-1223. [PMID: 31285953 PMCID: PMC6610061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Little is known about association of mucin abundancy with oncogenic-driver alterations, immunohistochemical and clinicopathologic features in lung adenocarcinomas among Chinese. We here retrospectively examined the clinicopathologic and molecular characteristics of pulmonary mucin-producing adenocarcinoma (PMPA) and previously-reported non-mucinous lung adenocarcinomas collected at our institution. Among the 897 non-mucinous adenocarcinomas, 61 PMPA with ≤90% mucin and 39 PMPA with >90% mucin, ALK rearrangements were found in 47 (5.2%) non-mucinous adenocarcinomas, 9 (14.8%) PMPA with ≤90% mucin and 12 (30.8%) PMPA with >90% mucin, respectively, with an ordinal association (coefficient, 95% CI=0.11, 0.06 to 0.17). Similarly, KRAS mutations was found in 53 (5.9%) non-mucinous adenocarcinomas, 7 (11.5%) PMPA with ≤90% mucin and 14 (35.9%) PMPA with >90% mucin (coefficient, 95% CI=0.11, 0.05 to 0.16). However, mucinous abundancy was inversely, ordinally linked to the EGFR mutations (coefficient, 95% CI=-0.28, -0.33 to -0.22). Mucin abundancy seemed not associated with the alterations of HER2, BRAF, ROS1, MET and RET. We divided PMPA with >90% mucin into three histologic types, namely columnar mucinous cell with basal nuclei (type I, n=11), cuboidal cell with goblet cell feature (type II, n=16) and mucinous cribriform pattern (type III, n=12). These histologic subtypes were associated with alterations of ALK, KRAS and MET, and the immunohistochemical reactivity of MUC1, MUC2, MUC5ac, MUC6, TTF-1 and CK20, including high positive rate of MUC6 (90.9%) and CK20 (36.4%) in type I, MUC2 (50%) in type II and MUC1 (100%) in type III. In summary, mucin abundancy is associated with immunohistochemical and oncogenic-driver profiles of lung adenocarcinomas among Chinese.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoguo Shang
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan UniversityShanghai, China
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Zhongshan HospitalShanghai, China
| | - Yan Jin
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan UniversityShanghai, China
| | - Qiang Zheng
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan UniversityShanghai, China
| | - Xuxia Shen
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan UniversityShanghai, China
| | - Mu Yang
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai First People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineShanghai, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan UniversityShanghai, China
| | - Lanjing Zhang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers UniversityNewark, NJ, USA
- Department of Pathology, Princeton Medical CenterPlainsboro, NJ, USA
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New JerseyNew Brunswick, NJ, USA
- Department of Chemical Biology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers UniversityPiscataway, NJ, USA
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23
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Miura Y, Sunaga N. Role of Immunotherapy for Oncogene-Driven Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2018; 10:E245. [PMID: 30060457 DOI: 10.3390/cancers10080245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Revised: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The clinical application of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has led to dramatic changes in the treatment strategy for patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Despite the observation of improved overall survival in NSCLC patients treated with ICIs, their efficacy varies greatly among different immune and molecular profiles in tumors. Particularly, the clinical significance of ICIs for oncogene-driven NSCLC has been controversial. In this review, we provide recent clinical and preclinical data focused on the relationship between oncogenic drivers and immunological characteristics and discuss the future direction of immunotherapy in NSCLC patients harboring such genetic alterations.
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24
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Lee MS, Kim RN, I H, Oh DY, Song JY, Noh KW, Kim YJ, Yang JW, Lira ME, Lee CH, Lee MK, Kim YD, Mao M, Han J, Kim J, Choi YL. Identification of a novel partner gene, KIAA1217, fused to RET: Functional characterization and inhibitor sensitivity of two isoforms in lung adenocarcinoma. Oncotarget 2016; 7:36101-14. [PMID: 27150058 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2015] [Accepted: 04/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
REarranged during Transfection (RET) fusion genes are detected in approximately 1% of lung adenocarcinomas and known primarily as oncogenic driver factors. Here, we found a novel RET fusion gene, KIAA1217-RET, and examined the functional differences of RET51 and RET9 protein, fused with KIAA1217 in cancer progression and drug response. KIAA1217-RET, resulting from the rearrangement of chromosome 10, was generated by the fusion of KIAA1217 exon 11 and RET exon 11 from a non-small cell lung cancer patient. Expression of this gene led to increased cell growth and invasive properties through activations of the PI3K/AKT and ERK signaling pathways and subsequently enabled oncogenic transformation of lung cells. We observed that cells expressing KIAA1217-RET9 fusion protein were more sensitive to vandetanib than those expressing KIAA1217-RET51 and both isoforms attenuated cellular growth via cell cycle arrest. These results demonstrated that KIAA1217-RET fusion represents a novel oncogenic driver gene, the products of which are sensitive to vandetanib treatment, and suggested that the KIAA1217-RET-fusion gene is a promising target for lung cancer treatment.
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25
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Jiang L, Su X, Zhang T, Yin X, Zhang M, Fu H, Han H, Sun Y, Dong L, Qian J, Xu Y, Fu X, Gavine PR, Zhou Y, Tian K, Huang J, Shen D, Jiang H, Yao Y, Han B, Gu Y. PD-L1 expression and its relationship with oncogenic drivers in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Oncotarget 2017; 8:26845-26857. [PMID: 28460468 PMCID: PMC5432301 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In order to explore the potential patient population who could benefit from anti PD-1/PD-L1 mono or combination therapies, this study aimed to profile a panel of immunotherapy related biomarkers (PD-1, PD-L1, CTLA-4 and CD8) and targeted therapy biomarkers (EGFR, KRAS, ALK, ROS1 and MET) in NSCLC.Tumor samples from 297 NSCLC patients, including 156 adenocarcinomas (AD) and 129 squamous cell carcinomas (SCC), were analyzed using immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, sequencing and fluorescence in situ hybridization.43.1% of NSCLC patients had PD-L1 positive staining on ≥ 5% tumor cells (TC). Furthermore, dual color immunofluorescence revealed that the majority of PD-L1/CD8 dual positive tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) had infiltrated into the tumor core. Finally, combined analysis of all eight biomarkers showed that tumor PD-L1 positivity overlapped with known alterations in NSCLC oncogenic tumor drivers in 26% of SCC and 76% of AD samples.Our illustration of the eight biomarkers' overlap provides an intuitive overview of NSCLC for personalized therapeutic strategies using anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immune therapies, either as single agents, or in combination with targeted therapies. For the first time, we also report that PD-L1 and CD8 dual positive TILs are predominantly located within the tumor core.
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MESH Headings
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- B7-H1 Antigen/genetics
- B7-H1 Antigen/metabolism
- Biomarkers, Tumor
- CTLA-4 Antigen/genetics
- CTLA-4 Antigen/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/genetics
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/pathology
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/surgery
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/genetics
- Female
- Gene Amplification
- Gene Expression
- Humans
- Immunohistochemistry
- In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence
- Lung Neoplasms/genetics
- Lung Neoplasms/metabolism
- Lung Neoplasms/pathology
- Lung Neoplasms/surgery
- Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/immunology
- Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/metabolism
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Mutation
- Neoplasm Grading
- Neoplasm Staging
- Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor/genetics
- Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyan Jiang
- Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinying Su
- Asia & Emerging Markets, iMed, AstraZeneca, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianwei Zhang
- Asia & Emerging Markets, iMed, AstraZeneca, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaolu Yin
- Asia & Emerging Markets, iMed, AstraZeneca, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Haihua Fu
- Asia & Emerging Markets, iMed, AstraZeneca, Shanghai, China
| | - Hulin Han
- Asia & Emerging Markets, iMed, AstraZeneca, Shanghai, China
| | - Yun Sun
- Asia & Emerging Markets, iMed, AstraZeneca, Shanghai, China
| | - Lili Dong
- Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jialin Qian
- Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanhua Xu
- Global Medicines Development, AstraZeneca, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuan Fu
- Global Medicines Development, AstraZeneca, Shanghai, China
| | - Paul R. Gavine
- Asia & Emerging Markets, iMed, AstraZeneca, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanbin Zhou
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong, China
| | - Kun Tian
- General Hospital of Chengdu Military Region of PLA, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiaqi Huang
- R&D, MedImmune, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Dong Shen
- R&D, MedImmune, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Haiyi Jiang
- Global Medicines Development, AstraZeneca, Shanghai, China
| | - Yihong Yao
- R&D, MedImmune, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Baohui Han
- Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Gu
- Asia & Emerging Markets, iMed, AstraZeneca, Shanghai, China
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26
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Abstract
BACKGROUND To determine the prevalence and clinicopathological features of ROS1 fusions in Chinese patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). METHODS Formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue sections from 392 patients with NSCLC were screened for ROS1 fusions by multiplex RT-PCR and all ROS1 fusions were validated by direct sequencing. The relationship between ROS1 fusions and clinicopathological features and the prognostic effect of the ROS1 fusion status on survival were analyzed. RESULTS In this study, 8 of 392 (2.0%) evaluable samples were found to harbor ROS1 fusions. Of the ROS1-positive patients, seven presented with adenocarcinoma, and one with adenosquamous carcinoma. The ratio of female to male and never smoker to smokers in a ROS1 fusion-positive group was 5:3. There was no statistically significant difference in age, sex, smoking history, histological type and pathological stage between ROS1 fusion-positive and ROS1 fusion-negative patients. ROS1 fusion-negative patients had a significantly longer survival when compared with ROS1 fusion-positive patients (P = 0.041). Lower pathological stage, younger age and ROS1 fusion-negative status were significantly associated with better prognosis on multivariate analysis. CONCLUSIONS ROS1 fusions occurred in ∼2.0% of Chinese patients with NSCLC and had no specific clinicopathological feature. ROS1 fusion-negative patients may have a better survival than ROS1 fusion-positive patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Cai
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Shanghai
| | - X Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Shanghai
| | - C Su
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Shanghai
| | - L Fan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Shanghai
| | - L Zheng
- Translational Medical Center, Xiamen University, Xiamen
| | - K Fei
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China.
| | - C Zhou
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Shanghai
| | - C Manegold
- Interdisciplinary Thoracic Oncology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - G Schmid-Bindert
- Interdisciplinary Thoracic Oncology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
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