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Ichimata S, Martinez-Valbuena I, Lee S, Li J, Karakani AM, Kovacs GG. Distinct Molecular Signatures of Amyloid-Beta and Tau in Alzheimer's Disease Associated with Down Syndrome. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11596. [PMID: 37511361 PMCID: PMC10380583 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Limited comparative data exist on the molecular spectrum of amyloid-beta (Aβ) and tau deposition in individuals with Down syndrome (DS) and sporadic Alzheimer's disease (sAD). We assessed Aβ and tau deposition severity in the temporal lobe and cerebellum of ten DS and ten sAD cases. Immunohistochemistry was performed using antibodies against eight different Aβ epitopes (6F/3D, Aβ38, Aβ39, Aβ40, Aβ42, Aβ43, pyroglutamate Aβ at third glutamic acid (AβNp3E), phosphorylated- (p-)Aβ at 8th serine (AβpSer8)), and six different pathological tau epitopes (p-Ser202/Thr205, p-Thr231, p-Ser396, Alz50, MC1, GT38). Findings were evaluated semi-quantitatively and quantitatively using digital pathology. DS cases had significantly higher neocortical parenchymal deposition (Aβ38, Aβ42, and AβpSer8), and cerebellar parenchymal deposition (Aβ40, Aβ42, AβNp3E, and AβpSer8) than sAD cases. Furthermore, DS cases had a significantly larger mean plaque size (6F/3D, Aβ42, AβNp3E) in the temporal lobe, and significantly greater deposition of cerebral and cerebellar Aβ42 than sAD cases in the quantitative analysis. Western blotting corroborated these findings. Regarding tau pathology, DS cases had significantly more severe cerebral tau deposition than sAD cases, especially in the white matter (p-Ser202/Thr205, p-Thr231, Alz50, and MC1). Greater total tau deposition in the white matter (p-Ser202/Thr205, p-Thr231, and Alz50) of DS cases was confirmed by quantitative analysis. Our data suggest that the Aβ and tau molecular signatures in DS are distinct from those in sAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shojiro Ichimata
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada; (S.I.); (I.M.-V.); (S.L.); (J.L.); (A.M.K.)
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada
- Department of Legal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-8555, Japan
| | - Ivan Martinez-Valbuena
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada; (S.I.); (I.M.-V.); (S.L.); (J.L.); (A.M.K.)
| | - Seojin Lee
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada; (S.I.); (I.M.-V.); (S.L.); (J.L.); (A.M.K.)
| | - Jun Li
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada; (S.I.); (I.M.-V.); (S.L.); (J.L.); (A.M.K.)
| | - Ali M. Karakani
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada; (S.I.); (I.M.-V.); (S.L.); (J.L.); (A.M.K.)
| | - Gabor G. Kovacs
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada; (S.I.); (I.M.-V.); (S.L.); (J.L.); (A.M.K.)
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada
- Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson’s Disease, Rossy Program for PSP Research and the Morton and Gloria Shulman Movement Disorders Clinic, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada
- Laboratory Medicine Program, Krembil Brain Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada
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