Ruile P, Minners J, Breitbart P, Schoechlin S, Gick M, Pache G, Neumann FJ, Hein M. Medium-Term Follow-Up of Early Leaflet Thrombosis After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement.
JACC Cardiovasc Interv 2019;
11:1164-1171. [PMID:
29929639 DOI:
10.1016/j.jcin.2018.04.006]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Revised: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
The aim of this study was to investigate medium-term outcomes in patients with leaflet thrombosis (LT).
BACKGROUND
The clinical significance of early LT after transcatheter aortic valve replacement, diagnosed by computed tomography angiography in approximately 10% of patients, is uncertain.
METHODS
In this observational study, computed tomographic angiography was performed a median of 5 days after transcatheter aortic valve replacement and assessed for evidence of LT. Follow-up consisted of clinical visits, telephone contact, or questionnaire.
RESULTS
LT was diagnosed in 120 of 754 patients (15.9%). Patients with LT were less likely male (36.7% vs. 47.0%, p = 0.045), with a lower rate of atrial fibrillation (28.3% vs. 41.5%, p = 0.008). Peri- and post-procedural characteristics were comparable between groups (e.g., valve implantation technique; p = 0.116). During a median follow-up period of 406 days, there were no significant differences in the primary endpoint of all-cause mortality and the secondary combined endpoint of stroke and transient ischemic attack between patients with LT and those without LT (18-month Kaplan-Meier estimate for mortality 86.6% vs. 85.4%, p = 0.912; for stroke- or transient ischemic attack-free survival 98.5% vs. 96.8%, p = 0.331). In univariate and multivariate analyses, LT was not predictive of either endpoint, whereas male sex (p = 0.03), atrial fibrillation (p = 0.002), and more than mild paravalvular leak (p = 0.015) were associated with all-cause mortality.
CONCLUSIONS
In this prospective observational cohort undergoing post-transcatheter aortic valve replacement computed tomographic angiography, LT was not associated with increased mortality or rates of stroke over a follow-up period of 406 days.
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