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Cao M, Xue T, Huo H, Zhang X, Wang NN, Yan X, Li C. Spatial transcriptomes and microbiota reveal immune mechanism that respond to pathogen infection in the posterior intestine of Sebastes schlegelii. Open Biol 2023; 13:220302. [PMID: 36974664 PMCID: PMC9944294 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.220302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The intestine is a site of immune cell priming at birth. Therefore, spatial transcriptomes were performed to define how the transcriptomic landscape was spatially organized in the posterior intestine of Sebastes schlegelii following Edwardsiella piscicida infection. In the healthy condition, we identified a previously unappreciated molecular regionalization of the posterior intestine. Following bacterial infection, most immune-related genes were identified in mucosa layer. Moreover, investigation of immune-related genes and genes in immune-related KEGG pathways based on spatial transcriptomes shed light on which sections of these genes are in the posterior intestine. Meanwhile, the high expression of genes related to regeneration also indicated that the posterior intestine was responding to the invasion of pathogens by constantly proliferating new cells. In addition, the increasing microbiota communities indicated that these bacteria maintained posterior intestine integrity and shaped the mucosal immune system. Taken together, spatial transcriptomes and microbiota compositions have significant implications for understanding the immune mechanism that responds to E. piscicida infection in the posterior intestine of S. schlegelii, which also provides a theoretical basis for the spatial distribution of immune genes and changes in bacterial flora in other teleosts in the process of resisting pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Cao
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Xue
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, People's Republic of China
| | - Huijun Huo
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhang
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Ning Wang
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Yan
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Li
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, People's Republic of China
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Zhu P, Wong MKS, Lin X, Chan TF, Wong CKC, Lai KP, Tse WKF. Changes of the intestinal microbiota along the gut of Japanese Eel (Anguilla japonica). Lett Appl Microbiol 2021; 73:529-541. [PMID: 34265084 DOI: 10.1111/lam.13539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Fish intestine contains different types of microbiomes, and bacteria are the dominant microbiota in fishes. Studies have identified various core gut bacteria in fishes. However, little is known about the composition and their relative functions of gut microbial community along the intestine. To explore this, the current study investigated the microbial community distribution along the gut in Anguilla japonica. By 16S rRNA gene sequencing, we profiled the gut microbiota in eel along the three regions (anterior intestine (AI), the middle intestine (MI) and the posterior intestine (PI)). Results suggested that the three regions did not have significant differences on the observed species and diversities. The cluster tree analysis showed that the bacteria community in MI was closer to PI than the AI. The dominant bacteria in AI were the Proteobacteria, in which the majority was graduated replaced by Bacteroidetes along the gut to PI region. Through PICRUSt analysis, shifts in the bacterial community along the gut were found to affect the genetic information processing pathways. Higher levels of translation and transcriptional pathway activities were found in MI and PI than in AI. The dominant bacterial species were different among the regions and contributed to various biological functions along the gut.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Zhu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Marine Biodiversity Conservation, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou, Guangxi, PR China
| | - M K-S Wong
- Laboratory of Physiology, Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - X Lin
- School of Life Sciences, Hong Kong Bioinformatics Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - T F Chan
- School of Life Sciences, Hong Kong Bioinformatics Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - C K C Wong
- Department of Biology, Croucher Institute for Environmental Sciences, Hong Kong Branch of the Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guanzhou), The Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - K P Lai
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Marine Biodiversity Conservation, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou, Guangxi, PR China.,Department of Biology, Croucher Institute for Environmental Sciences, Hong Kong Branch of the Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guanzhou), The Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Microenvironmental Regulation, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, PR China
| | - W K F Tse
- Center for Promotion of International Education and Research, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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