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Moutaharrik S, Palugan L, Cerea M, Meroni G, Casagni E, Roda G, Martino PA, Gazzaniga A, Maroni A, Foppoli A. Colon Drug Delivery Systems Based on Swellable and Microbially Degradable High-Methoxyl Pectin: Coating Process and In Vitro Performance. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:508. [PMID: 38675167 PMCID: PMC11054370 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16040508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Oral colon delivery systems based on a dual targeting strategy, harnessing time- and microbiota-dependent release mechanisms, were designed in the form of a drug-containing core, a swellable/biodegradable polysaccharide inner layer and a gastroresistant outer film. High-methoxyl pectin was employed as the functional coating polymer and was applied by spray-coating or powder-layering. Stratification of pectin powder required the use of low-viscosity hydroxypropyl methylcellulose in water solution as the binder. These coatings exhibited rough surfaces and higher thicknesses than the spray-coated ones. Using a finer powder fraction improved the process outcome, coating quality and inherent barrier properties in aqueous fluids. Pulsatile release profiles and reproducible lag phases of the pursued duration were obtained from systems manufactured by both techniques. This performance was confirmed by double-coated systems, provided with a Kollicoat® MAE outer film that yielded resistance in the acidic stage of the test. Moreover, HM pectin-based coatings manufactured by powder-layering, tested in the presence of bacteria from a Crohn's disease patient, showed earlier release, supporting the role of microbial degradation as a triggering mechanism at the target site. The overall results highlighted viable coating options and in vitro release characteristics, sparking new interest in naturally occurring pectin as a coating agent for oral colon delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saliha Moutaharrik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Section of Pharmaceutical Technology and Legislation “M.E. Sangalli”, University of Milan, Via G. Colombo 71, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Palugan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Section of Pharmaceutical Technology and Legislation “M.E. Sangalli”, University of Milan, Via G. Colombo 71, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Cerea
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Section of Pharmaceutical Technology and Legislation “M.E. Sangalli”, University of Milan, Via G. Colombo 71, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Gabriele Meroni
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, One Health Unit, University of Milan, Via Pascal 36, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Eleonora Casagni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Section of Medicinal Chemistry “P. Pratesi”, University of Milan, Via Trentacoste 2, 20134 Milan, Italy
| | - Gabriella Roda
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Section of Medicinal Chemistry “P. Pratesi”, University of Milan, Via Trentacoste 2, 20134 Milan, Italy
| | - Piera Anna Martino
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, One Health Unit, University of Milan, Via Pascal 36, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Gazzaniga
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Section of Pharmaceutical Technology and Legislation “M.E. Sangalli”, University of Milan, Via G. Colombo 71, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Maroni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Section of Pharmaceutical Technology and Legislation “M.E. Sangalli”, University of Milan, Via G. Colombo 71, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Anastasia Foppoli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Section of Pharmaceutical Technology and Legislation “M.E. Sangalli”, University of Milan, Via G. Colombo 71, 20133 Milan, Italy
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Foppoli A, Cerea M, Palugan L, Zema L, Melocchi A, Maroni A, Gazzaniga A. Evaluation of powder-layering vs. spray-coating techniques in the manufacturing of a swellable/erodible pulsatile delivery system. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2020; 46:1230-1237. [PMID: 32597251 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2020.1788060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A swellable/erodible system for oral time-dependent release, demonstrated to provide consistent pulsatile and colonic delivery performance, has been manufactured through a range of coating techniques to achieve the functional hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) layer. Although aqueous spray-coating has long been preferred, the processing times and yields still represent open issues, especially in view of the considerable amount of polymer required to give in vivo lag phases of proper duration. To make manufacturing of the delivery system more cost-efficient, different coating modes were thus evaluated, namely top and tangential spray-coating as well as powder-layering, using a fluid bed equipment. To this aim, disintegrating tablets of 5 mm in diameter, containing a tracer drug, were coated up to 50% weight gain with low-viscosity HPMC, either as a water solution or as a powder formulation. In all cases, process feasibility was assessed following setup of the operating conditions. Irrespective of the technique employed, the resulting dosage forms exhibited uniform coating layers able to defer the onset of release as a function of the amount of polymer applied. The structure and thickness of such layers differed depending on the deposition modes. With respect to top spray-, both tangential spray-coating and powder-layering were shown to remarkably ameliorate the process time, which was reduced to approximately 1/3 and 1/6, and to enhance the yield by almost 20 and 30%, respectively. Clear advantages associated with such techniques were thus highlighted, particularly with respect to powder-layering here newly proposed for application of a swellable hydrophilic cellulose derivative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Foppoli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy
| | - Matteo Cerea
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy
| | - Luca Palugan
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy
| | - Lucia Zema
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy
| | - Alice Melocchi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy
| | - Alessandra Maroni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy
| | - Andrea Gazzaniga
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy
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