1
|
Bardales-Valdivia J, Bargues M, Hoban-Vergara C, Bardales-Bardales C, Goicochea-Portal C, Bazán-Zurita H, Del Valle-Mendoza J, Ortiz P, Mas-Coma S. Spread of the fascioliasis endemic area assessed by seasonal follow-up of rDNA ITS-2 sequenced lymnaeid populations in Cajamarca, Peru. One Health 2021; 13:100265. [PMID: 34041348 PMCID: PMC8141929 DOI: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2021.100265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Fascioliasis is a worldwide emerging snail-borne zoonotic trematodiasis with a great spreading capacity linked to animal and human movements, climate change, and anthropogenic modifications of freshwater environments. South America is the continent with more human endemic areas caused by Fasciola hepatica, mainly in high altitude areas of Andean regions. The Peruvian Cajamarca area presents the highest human prevalences reported, only lower than those in the Bolivian Altiplano. Sequencing of the complete rDNA ITS-2 allowed for the specific and haplotype classification of lymnaeid snails collected in seasonal field surveys along a transect including 2007-3473 m altitudes. The species Galba truncatula (one haplotype preferentially in higher altitudes) and Pseudosuccinea columella (one haplotype in an isolated population), and the non-transmitting species Lymnaea schirazensis (two haplotypes mainly in lower altitudes) were found. Climatic seasonality proved to influence G. truncatula populations in temporarily dried habitats, whereas L. schirazensis appeared to be more climatologically independent due to its extreme amphibious ecology. Along the southeastern transect from Cajamarca city, G. truncatula and L. schirazensis shared the same site in 7 localities (46.7% of the water collections studied). The detection of G. truncatula in 11 new foci (73.3%), predominantly in northern localities closer to the city, demonstrate that the Cajamarca transmission risk area is markedly wider than previously considered. Lymnaea schirazensis progressively increases its presence when moving away from the city. Results highlight the usefulness of lymnaeid surveys to assess borders of the endemic area and inner distribution of transmission foci. Similar lymnaeid surveys are still in need to be performed in the wide northern and western zones of the Cajamarca city. The coexistence of more than one lymnaeid transmitting species, together with a morphologically indistinguishable non-transmitting species and livestock movements inside the area, conform a complex scenario which poses difficulties for the needed One Health control intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J.N. Bardales-Valdivia
- Departamento de Biología y Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional de Cajamarca, Carretera Baños del Inca km 3,5, Cajamarca, Peru
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional de Cajamarca, Carretera Baños del Inca km 3,5, Cajamarca, Peru
| | - M.D. Bargues
- Departamento de Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Valencia, Av. Vicente Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| | - C. Hoban-Vergara
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional de Cajamarca, Carretera Baños del Inca km 3,5, Cajamarca, Peru
| | - C. Bardales-Bardales
- Dirección Regional de Agricultura Cajamarca, Gobierno Regional de Cajamarca, Carretera Baños del Inca km 3,5, Cajamarca, Peru
| | - C. Goicochea-Portal
- Dirección Regional de Agricultura Cajamarca, Gobierno Regional de Cajamarca, Carretera Baños del Inca km 3,5, Cajamarca, Peru
| | - H. Bazán-Zurita
- Vice-Rectorado de Investigación, Universidad Privada Antonio Guillermo Urrelo, Jirón José Sabogal No. 913, Cajamarca, Peru
| | - J. Del Valle-Mendoza
- Escuela de Medicina, Centro de Investigación e Innovación, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, and Laboratorio de Biología Molecular y Celular, Instituto de Investigación Nutricional, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Prolongación Primavera No. 2390, Lima, Peru
| | - P. Ortiz
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional de Cajamarca, Carretera Baños del Inca km 3,5, Cajamarca, Peru
| | - S. Mas-Coma
- Departamento de Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Valencia, Av. Vicente Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|