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Zeller-Péronnet V, Bretschneider N, Lausch J, Hanifi N, Pavlovic M, Zarske M, Luu HQ, Busch U, Stingl K, Huber I. Multiplex Real-Time PCR for the Detection of Tetracycline, Ciprofloxacin, and Erythromycin Resistance Determinants from Human and Foodborne Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2927. [PMID: 38138071 PMCID: PMC10745765 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11122927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli are the predominant thermophilic species responsible for foodborne gastroenteritis worldwide. Elevated resistance to certain antibiotics was observed due to antimicrobial therapy in farm animals and humans, while reduced antimicrobial usage partially reduced antibiotic resistance. Monitoring the antimicrobial resistance demonstrated a substantial fraction of multi-resistant isolates, indicating the necessity of reliable tools for their detection. In this study, resistance determinants in 129 German and 21 Vietnamese isolates were selected to establish a novel multiplex real-time PCR (qPCR), facilitating the simultaneous detection of four resistance determinants. These comprised tet(O) gene variants associated with tetracycline resistance, point mutations GyrA_T86I and GyrA_T86V associated with ciprofloxacin resistance, and the erm(B) gene together with the point mutation A2075G in the 23S rRNA gene, associated with erythromycin resistance. Moreover, the performance of the qPCR assay was evaluated by comparing the results of qPCR to phenotypic antimicrobial resistance profiles, obtained with standardized EUCAMP3 microdilution panel, which showed 100% similarity (inclusivity and exclusivity). Variation in measurement methods, including qPCR machines and master mixes showed robustness, essential for laboratories. The assay can be used for the rapid detection of resistance determinants, and is beneficial for monitoring the spread of antibiotic resistance in C. jejuni and C. coli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Véronique Zeller-Péronnet
- Department for Food and Food Hygiene, Bavarian Health and Food Safety Authority (LGL), 85764 Oberschleissheim, Germany; (V.Z.-P.); (N.B.); (N.H.); (M.P.); (U.B.)
| | - Nancy Bretschneider
- Department for Food and Food Hygiene, Bavarian Health and Food Safety Authority (LGL), 85764 Oberschleissheim, Germany; (V.Z.-P.); (N.B.); (N.H.); (M.P.); (U.B.)
| | - Johanna Lausch
- Department for Food and Food Hygiene, Bavarian Health and Food Safety Authority (LGL), 85764 Oberschleissheim, Germany; (V.Z.-P.); (N.B.); (N.H.); (M.P.); (U.B.)
| | - Nadera Hanifi
- Department for Food and Food Hygiene, Bavarian Health and Food Safety Authority (LGL), 85764 Oberschleissheim, Germany; (V.Z.-P.); (N.B.); (N.H.); (M.P.); (U.B.)
| | - Melanie Pavlovic
- Department for Food and Food Hygiene, Bavarian Health and Food Safety Authority (LGL), 85764 Oberschleissheim, Germany; (V.Z.-P.); (N.B.); (N.H.); (M.P.); (U.B.)
| | - Michael Zarske
- National Reference Laboratory for Campylobacter, Department of Biological Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), 10589 Berlin, Germany; (M.Z.); (K.S.)
| | - Huong Quynh Luu
- National Institute of Veterinary Research (NIVR), Hanoi 100000, Vietnam;
| | - Ulrich Busch
- Department for Food and Food Hygiene, Bavarian Health and Food Safety Authority (LGL), 85764 Oberschleissheim, Germany; (V.Z.-P.); (N.B.); (N.H.); (M.P.); (U.B.)
| | - Kerstin Stingl
- National Reference Laboratory for Campylobacter, Department of Biological Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), 10589 Berlin, Germany; (M.Z.); (K.S.)
| | - Ingrid Huber
- Department for Food and Food Hygiene, Bavarian Health and Food Safety Authority (LGL), 85764 Oberschleissheim, Germany; (V.Z.-P.); (N.B.); (N.H.); (M.P.); (U.B.)
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Bennypaul H, Sanderson D, Donaghy P, Abdullahi I. Development of a Real-Time PCR Assay for the Detection and Identification of Rubus Stunt Phytoplasma in Rubus spp. Plant Dis 2023; 107:2296-2306. [PMID: 36611241 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-09-22-2193-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Rubus stunt, caused by 'Candidatus Phytoplasma rubi' (Rubus stunt phytoplasma; RSP), is an economically important disease of Rubus. This disease occurs in wild and cultivated Rubus spp. in Europe but has not been reported from North America; however, its major leafhopper vector is well established in western Canada and the U.S.A. RSP has the potential to impact the cane-fruit industry by significantly compromising yields and impacting export potential for Rubus propagation material. To mitigate the risk of this disease entering or establishing, import and export testing of propagation material is a phytosanitary requirement in Canada, the U.S.A., and other countries regulating RSP. In the absence of a specific test for RSP, the current testing scheme involves the use of a generic test to screen for phytoplasmas followed by additional time-consuming procedures to confirm the phytoplasma species. In this study, a real-time PCR assay, targeting a 154-bp region of tuf gene, was developed for sensitive and specific detection of RSP in Rubus spp. The developed assay detected a minimum of five target copies, and no cross-reactivity was observed even with the 'Ca. P. rubi'-related strain associated with blackberry witches' broom, which differs from RSP only by a single nucleotide polymorphism in the target region. Repeatability of the developed assay was checked on two real-time PCR platforms with acceptable results. In conclusion, this real-time PCR assay provides a sensitive and specific detection of RSP for mitigating the introduction and spread of Rubus stunt disease in Rubus spp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harvinder Bennypaul
- Centre for Plant Health - Sidney Laboratory, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, North Saanich, British Columbia V8L 1H3, Canada
| | - Daniel Sanderson
- Centre for Plant Health - Sidney Laboratory, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, North Saanich, British Columbia V8L 1H3, Canada
| | - Peri Donaghy
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8P 5C2, Canada
| | - Ismail Abdullahi
- Centre for Plant Health - Sidney Laboratory, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, North Saanich, British Columbia V8L 1H3, Canada
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Pervin S, Islam MS, Tada N, Tsutsui T, Rahman MM, Yabuki A, Tacharina MR, Rakib TM, Maki S, Yamato O. Screening and Carrier Rate of Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis in Chihuahua Dogs in Japan. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:1210. [PMID: 35565635 PMCID: PMC9106037 DOI: 10.3390/ani12091210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (NCL) is a group of rare lethal neurodegenerative lysosomal storage diseases that occur in a range of dog breeds, including Chihuahuas. Recently, a homozygous single base-pair deletion (c.846delT), which causes a frame shift generating a premature stop codon (p.Phe282Leufs13*) in the canine CLN7/MFSD8 gene, has been identified as a causative mutation for NCL in Chihuahuas. The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of the mutant allele and/or carrier rate of NCL in Chihuahuas in Japan using a newly designed real-time PCR assay. Samples of saliva were randomly collected from 1007 Chihuahua puppies during physical examinations prior to the transportation to pet shops. Screening results revealed a carrier rate of 1.29%, indicating a mutant allele frequency (0.00645) that is considered sufficiently high to warrant measures for the control and prevention of this lethal disease. The genotyping assay designed in this study could make a valuable contribution to the control and prevention of NCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahnaj Pervin
- Laboratory of Clinical Pathology, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan; (S.P.); (M.S.I.); (N.T.); (M.M.R.); (A.Y.); (M.R.T.); (T.M.R.); (S.M.)
| | - Md Shafiqul Islam
- Laboratory of Clinical Pathology, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan; (S.P.); (M.S.I.); (N.T.); (M.M.R.); (A.Y.); (M.R.T.); (T.M.R.); (S.M.)
- Department of Pathology and Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Khulshi, Chattogram 4225, Bangladesh
| | - Naomi Tada
- Laboratory of Clinical Pathology, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan; (S.P.); (M.S.I.); (N.T.); (M.M.R.); (A.Y.); (M.R.T.); (T.M.R.); (S.M.)
- Japan Institute of Small Animal Reproduction (Bio Art), 3-16-9 Uchikanda, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0047, Japan;
| | - Toshihiko Tsutsui
- Japan Institute of Small Animal Reproduction (Bio Art), 3-16-9 Uchikanda, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0047, Japan;
| | - Mohammad Mahbubur Rahman
- Laboratory of Clinical Pathology, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan; (S.P.); (M.S.I.); (N.T.); (M.M.R.); (A.Y.); (M.R.T.); (T.M.R.); (S.M.)
- Department of Pathology and Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Khulshi, Chattogram 4225, Bangladesh
| | - Akira Yabuki
- Laboratory of Clinical Pathology, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan; (S.P.); (M.S.I.); (N.T.); (M.M.R.); (A.Y.); (M.R.T.); (T.M.R.); (S.M.)
| | - Martia Rani Tacharina
- Laboratory of Clinical Pathology, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan; (S.P.); (M.S.I.); (N.T.); (M.M.R.); (A.Y.); (M.R.T.); (T.M.R.); (S.M.)
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Airlangga University, Campus C, Jl. Mulyorejo, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia
| | - Tofazzal Md Rakib
- Laboratory of Clinical Pathology, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan; (S.P.); (M.S.I.); (N.T.); (M.M.R.); (A.Y.); (M.R.T.); (T.M.R.); (S.M.)
- Department of Pathology and Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Khulshi, Chattogram 4225, Bangladesh
| | - Shinichiro Maki
- Laboratory of Clinical Pathology, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan; (S.P.); (M.S.I.); (N.T.); (M.M.R.); (A.Y.); (M.R.T.); (T.M.R.); (S.M.)
| | - Osamu Yamato
- Laboratory of Clinical Pathology, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan; (S.P.); (M.S.I.); (N.T.); (M.M.R.); (A.Y.); (M.R.T.); (T.M.R.); (S.M.)
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Airlangga University, Campus C, Jl. Mulyorejo, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia
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Zerrouki H, Rebiahi SA, Hadjadj L, Rolain JM, Diene SM. Real-Time PCR Assay for Rapid and Simultaneous Detection of vanA and vanB Genes in Clinical Strains. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11112081. [PMID: 34829428 PMCID: PMC8618848 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11112081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Here, we develop a robust and sensitive real-time PCR assay which allows the simultaneous detection of vanA and vanB genes using common primers. The system was designed using the Primer3 online software. The specificity of primers and probes was first checked by in silico PCR and by BlastN analysis. The genomic DNA of 255 bacterial isolates, including Enterococcus spp., Gram-negative, and Gram-positive strains, as well as a collection of 50 stool and 50 rectal swab samples, were tested to evaluate the specificity of the new real-time PCR (RT-PCR) system. The results of the designed RT-PCR were 100% specific and 100% positive on tested vancomycin resistant isolates harboring either the vanA or vanB gene. RT-PCR assays were negative for all other bacterial species tested including vancomycin-sensitive Enterococci and Enterococcus strains harboring vanC genes. The limit of detection of vanA and vanB genes by RT-PCR assay was 47 CFU/mL and 32 CFU/mL, respectively. The rapid and accurate detection of vancomycin-resistant Enterococci is the cornerstone for minimizing the risk of nosocomial transmissions and outbreaks. We believe that this assay will strengthen routine diagnostics and surveillance programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanane Zerrouki
- Laboratoire de microbiologie appliquée à l’agroalimentaire, au biomédical et à l’environnement, Université de Tlemcen, Tlemcen 13000, Algeria; (H.Z.); (S.-A.R.)
- Aix-Marseille Univ., MEPHI, IRD, APHM, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France; (L.H.); (J.-M.R.)
| | - Sid-Ahmed Rebiahi
- Laboratoire de microbiologie appliquée à l’agroalimentaire, au biomédical et à l’environnement, Université de Tlemcen, Tlemcen 13000, Algeria; (H.Z.); (S.-A.R.)
| | - Linda Hadjadj
- Aix-Marseille Univ., MEPHI, IRD, APHM, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France; (L.H.); (J.-M.R.)
| | - Jean-Marc Rolain
- Aix-Marseille Univ., MEPHI, IRD, APHM, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France; (L.H.); (J.-M.R.)
| | - Seydina M. Diene
- Aix-Marseille Univ., MEPHI, IRD, APHM, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France; (L.H.); (J.-M.R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +(33)4-91-83-56-49
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Nguyen YTH, Nonaka N, Maruyama H, Yoshida A. Application of a real-time PCR assay for the detection of Ascaris suum DNA in the liver of experimentally infected chickens. J Vet Med Sci 2021; 83:671-674. [PMID: 33658451 PMCID: PMC8111357 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.20-0404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the sampling method for the detection of Ascaris
suum larval DNA in chicken livers using real-time PCR. Chickens were inoculated
with A. suum eggs of a single dose (Group A) or repeatedly low doses
(Group B). White spots (WSs) were continuously observed on liver from day 3 after the last
infection in Group B and day 14 in Group A. In Group A, larval DNA was detected in WS
lesions (78.6%) at a significantly higher rate than in the remaining tissue samples
(31.3%). In conclusion, applying WS lesions to the assay improved the detection rate of
A. suum DNA in chicken livers, especially in the case of a single
infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen Thi Hoang Nguyen
- Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitic Diseases, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuen-Kibanadai Nishi, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan.,Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Trau Quy, Gia Lam, Ha Noi 100000, Vietnam
| | - Nariaki Nonaka
- Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitic Diseases, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuen-Kibanadai Nishi, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan.,Laboratory of Parasitology, Department of Disease Control, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18, Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan
| | - Haruhiko Maruyama
- Division of Parasitology, Department of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, 5200 Kihara, Kiyotake-cho, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan
| | - Ayako Yoshida
- Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitic Diseases, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuen-Kibanadai Nishi, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan.,Centre for Animal Disease Control (CADIC), University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuen-Kibanadai Nishi, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan
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Maleki A, Mansournia F, Ghafourian S, Taherikalani M, Pakzad I, Mohammadi J, Kouhsari E, Mahmoudi M, Sadeghifard N. Rapid and direct molecular detection of Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae isolated in oropharynx and nasal cavity of children. New Microbes New Infect 2020; 33:100632. [PMID: 32021693 PMCID: PMC6994787 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmni.2019.100632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 11/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a direct correlation between asymptomatic oropharyngeal colonization by pathogenic bacteria and the prevalence of paediatric respiratory infections. Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae are common cause of serious bacterial infections such as meningitis in children. This study aimed to monitor healthy children to detect asymptomatic carriers of S. pneumoniae and H. influenzae. In the present cross-sectional study, real-time PCR assay was developed and evaluated in comparison with culture for direct detection of S. pneumoniae and H. influenzae in 123 oropharynx and nasal cavity specimens from healthy children in Ilam, Iran. In addition, virulence factor (ply and hpd) and iron uptake (tbpA and piuA) genes were evaluated by PCR. Our results demonstrated that among all isolates only 14 S. pneumoniae and eight H. influenzae were identified by phenotypic methods, whereas 37 and 21 S. pneumoniae and H. influenzae were identified, respectively, by real-time PCR assay. All S. pneumoniae and H. influenzae isolates possessed tbpA and piuA genes. Also, 81% (30/37) of S. pneumoniae isolates were positive for ply gene, which encoded pneumolysin, as well as 90% (19/21) of H. influenzae isolates were positive for hpd gene. Simultaneous colonization of S. pneumoniae and H. influenzae could indicate the importance of monitoring of healthy children to identification of carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Maleki
- Clinical Microbiology Research Centre, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - F Mansournia
- Clinical Microbiology Research Centre, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - S Ghafourian
- Clinical Microbiology Research Centre, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - M Taherikalani
- Clinical Microbiology Research Centre, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - I Pakzad
- Clinical Microbiology Research Centre, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - J Mohammadi
- Clinical Microbiology Research Centre, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - E Kouhsari
- Clinical Microbiology Research Centre, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - M Mahmoudi
- Clinical Microbiology Research Centre, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - N Sadeghifard
- Clinical Microbiology Research Centre, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
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Leach L, Zhu Y, Chaturvedi S. Development and Validation of a Real-Time PCR Assay for Rapid Detection of Candida auris from Surveillance Samples. J Clin Microbiol 2018; 56:e01223-17. [PMID: 29187562 DOI: 10.1128/JCM.01223-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Candida auris is an emerging multidrug-resistant yeast causing invasive health care-associated infection with high mortality worldwide. Rapid identification of C. auris is of primary importance for the implementation of public health measures to control the spread of infection. To achieve these goals, we developed and validated a TaqMan-based real-time PCR assay targeting the internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) region of the ribosomal gene. The assay was highly specific, reproducible, and sensitive, with the detection limit of 1 C. auris CFU/PCR. The performance of the C. auris real-time PCR assay was evaluated by using 623 surveillance samples, including 365 patient swabs and 258 environmental sponges. Real-time PCR yielded positive results from 49 swab and 58 sponge samples, with 89% and 100% clinical sensitivity with regard to their respective culture-positive results. The real-time PCR also detected C. auris DNA from 1% and 12% of swab and sponge samples with culture-negative results, indicating the presence of dead or culture-impaired C. auris. The real-time PCR yielded results within 4 h of sample processing, compared to 4 to 14 days for culture, reducing turnaround time significantly. The new real-time PCR assay allows for accurate and rapid screening of C. auris and can increase effective control and prevention of this emerging multidrug-resistant fungal pathogen in health care facilities.
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Islam MS, Barr NB, Braswell WE, Martinez M, Ledezma LA, Molongoski J, Mastro V, Schuenzel EL. A Multiplex Real-Time PCR Assay for Screening Gypsy Moths (Lepidoptera: Erebidae) in the United States for Evidence of an Asian Genotype. J Econ Entomol 2015; 108:2450-2457. [PMID: 26453734 DOI: 10.1093/jee/tov212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2015] [Accepted: 07/01/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
European gypsy moth populations (Lymantria dispar L.) are well established and a proven destructive force in hardwood trees throughout the United States and Canada. Introduction of the exotic Asian gypsy moth into North America would be even more impactful, as Asian gypsy moth populations have wider host ranges, and are capable of naturally dispersing more rapidly due to female flight ability. To support early detection and exclusion of Asian gypsy moth, the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) uses molecular techniques to screen moths trapped in North America for evidence of common Asian genotype. In order to strengthen U.S. domestic capacity to screen moths quickly and efficiently, we report a real-time PCR assay for this pest. A probe system using TaqMan 5' nuclease chemistry is reported for detection of an allele associated with common Asian gypsy moth genotypes. The targeted allele is located at the nuclear FS1 locus currently used by the USDA in conventional PCR tests to screen for evidence of Asian gypsy moth introductions or introgression. The diagnostic probe is successfully multiplexed with a conserved 18S probe system to detect reaction failure due to poor sample quality or quantity. The specificity, sensitivity, and repeatability of the FS1-18S multiplex real-time PCR assay were tested on laboratory-reared and field-collected moths to demonstrate diagnostic utility. Implications of the new assay as a screening tool for evidence of Asian gypsy moth introgression and introduction are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Islam
- Department of Biology, University of Texas-Pan American, 1201 W University Drive, Edinburg, TX 78539
| | - N B Barr
- Center for Plant Health Science and Technology, Mission Laboratory, USDA-APHIS, Moore Air Base, Edinburg, TX 78541
| | - W E Braswell
- Center for Plant Health Science and Technology, Mission Laboratory, USDA-APHIS, Moore Air Base, Edinburg, TX 78541
| | - M Martinez
- Department of Biology, University of Texas-Pan American, 1201 W University Drive, Edinburg, TX 78539
| | - L A Ledezma
- Center for Plant Health Science and Technology, Mission Laboratory, USDA-APHIS, Moore Air Base, Edinburg, TX 78541
| | - J Molongoski
- Center for Plant Health Science and Technology, Otis Laboratory, USDA-APHIS, 1398 W. Truck Rd., Joint Base Cape Cod, Buzzards Bay, MA 02542
| | - V Mastro
- Center for Plant Health Science and Technology, Otis Laboratory, USDA-APHIS, 1398 W. Truck Rd., Joint Base Cape Cod, Buzzards Bay, MA 02542
| | - E L Schuenzel
- Department of Biology, University of Texas-Pan American, 1201 W University Drive, Edinburg, TX 78539. Department of Biology, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, 1201 W University Drive, Edinburg, TX 78539.
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