The Diagnostic Usefulness of Circulating Profile of Extracellular Matrix Components: Sulfated Glycosaminoglycans (sGAG), Hyaluronan (HA) and Extracellular Part of Syndecan-1 (sCD138) in Patients with Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis

The described research focused on the diagnostic usefulness of sulfated glycosaminoglycans (sGAG), hyaluronan (HA), and extracellular part of syndecan-1 (sCD138) as new markers related to extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling in the intestine during the two most common forms of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), i.e., ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’ disease (CD). Inflammatory markers belonging to ECM components were assessed in serum of patients with IBD using an immunoenzymatic method (HA and sCD138) and a method based on the reaction with dimethylmethylene blue (sulfated GAG). Measurements were carried out twice: at baseline and after one year of therapy with prednisone (patients with CD) or adalimumab (patients with UC). No quantitative changes were observed in serum sGAG, HA, and sCD138 concentrations between patients newly diagnosed with CD and the healthy group. In the case of patients with UC, the parameter which significantly differentiated healthy subjects and patients with IBD before biological therapy was HA. Significant correlation between serum HA level and inflammation activity, expressed as Mayo score, was also observed in patients with UC. Moreover, the obtained results have confirmed that steroid therapy with prednisone significantly influenced the circulating profile of all examined ECM components (sGAG, HA, and sCD138), whereas adalimumab therapy in patients with UC led to a significant change in only circulating sGAG levels. Moreover, the significant differences in serum HA levels between patients with UC and CD indicate that quantification of circulating HA may be useful in the differential diagnosis of CD and UC.