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Yuan J, Yan Q, Xie J, Wang J, Zhang T. Effects of warming on seed germination of woody species in temperate secondary forests. Plant Biol (Stuttg) 2023; 25:579-592. [PMID: 36970946 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Seed germination, a critical stage of the plant life cycle providing a link between seeds and seedlings, is commonly temperature-dependent. The global average surface temperature is expected to rise, but little is known about the responses of seed germination of woody plants in temperate forests to warming. In the present study, dried seeds of 23 common woody species in temperate secondary forests were incubated at three temperature sequences without cold stratification and after experiencing cold stratification. We calculated five seed germination indices and the comprehensive membership function value that summarized the above indicators. Compared to the control, +2 and +4 °C treatments without cold stratification shortened germination time by 14% and 16% and increased the germination index by 17% and 26%, respectively. For stratified seeds, +4 °C treatment increased germination percentage by 49%, and +4 and +2 °C treatments increased duration of germination and the germination index, and shortened mean germination time by 69%, 458%, 29% and 68%, 110%, 12%, respectively. The germination of Fraxinus rhynchophylla and Larix kaempferi were most sensitive to warming without and with cold stratification, respectively. Seed germination of shrubs was the least sensitive to warming among functional types. These findings indicate warming (especially extreme warming) will enhance the seedling recruitment of temperate woody species, primarily via shortening the germination time, particularly for seeds that have undergone cold stratification. In addition, shrubs might narrow their distribution range.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Yuan
- Qingyuan Forest CERN, National Observation and Research Station, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Shenyang, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Terrestrial Ecosystem Carbon Neutrality, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Q Yan
- Qingyuan Forest CERN, National Observation and Research Station, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Terrestrial Ecosystem Carbon Neutrality, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - J Xie
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, Hebei Key Laboratory of Soil Ecology, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetic and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - J Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - T Zhang
- Qingyuan Forest CERN, National Observation and Research Station, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Terrestrial Ecosystem Carbon Neutrality, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
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Jagadish SVK, Way DA, Sharkey TD. Plant heat stress: Concepts directing future research. Plant Cell Environ 2021; 44:1992-2005. [PMID: 33745205 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Predicted increases in future global temperatures require us to better understand the dimensions of heat stress experienced by plants. Here we highlight four key areas for improving our approach towards understanding plant heat stress responses. First, although the term 'heat stress' is broadly used, that term encompasses heat shock, heat wave and warming experiments, which vary in the duration and magnitude of temperature increase imposed. A greater integration of results and tools across these approaches is needed to better understand how heat stress associated with global warming will affect plants. Secondly, there is a growing need to associate plant responses to tissue temperatures. We review how plant energy budgets determine tissue temperature and discuss the implications of using leaf versus air temperature for heat stress studies. Third, we need to better understand how heat stress affects reproduction, particularly understudied stages such as floral meristem initiation and development. Fourth, we emphasise the need to integrate heat stress recovery into breeding programs to complement recent progress in improving plant heat stress tolerance. Taken together, we provide insights into key research gaps in plant heat stress and provide suggestions on addressing these gaps to enhance heat stress resilience in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Danielle A Way
- Department of Biology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Terrestrial Ecosystem Science & Technology Group, Environmental & Climate Sciences Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, USA
| | - Thomas D Sharkey
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
- Department of Energy Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
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Zhang Y, Peng C, Wang Z, Zhang J, Li L, Huang S, Li D. The Species-Specific Responses of Freshwater Diatoms to Elevated Temperatures Are Affected by Interspecific Interactions. Microorganisms 2018; 6:microorganisms6030082. [PMID: 30087310 PMCID: PMC6163879 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms6030082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Revised: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous experimental simulations with different warming scenarios have been conducted to predict how algae will respond to warming, but their conclusions are sometimes contradictory to each other. This might be due to a failure to consider interspecific interactions. In this study, the dominant diatom species in a seasonal succession were isolated and verified to adapt to different temperature ranges by constant temperature experiment. Both unialgal and mixed cultures were exposed to two fluctuant temperature treatments that simulated the temperature variations from early spring to summer, with one treatment 4 °C higher (warming scenario) than the other. We found that the specific response of diatoms to warming was affected by interspecific interactions. Spring warming had no significant effect on eurythermal species and had a positive effect on the abundance of warm-adapted diatom species, but interspecific interactions reduced this promotional effect. Cold-adapted species had a negative response to spring warming in the presence of other diatom species but had a positive response to early spring warming in the absence of interspecific interactions. In addition, warming resulted in the growth of all diatom species peaking earlier in unialgal cultures, but this effect could be weakened or amplified by interspecies interactions in mixed cultures. Our results suggest that the specific diatom species with different optimal growth temperature ranges responding to warming were expected if there were no interspecific interactions. However, in natural environments, the inevitable and complex interspecific interactions will influence the responses of diatoms to warming. This important factor should not be ignored in the prediction of organism responses to climate warming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Chengrong Peng
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Zhicong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Jinli Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Lijie Li
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Shun Huang
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Dunhai Li
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China.
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