Gonzalez-Solino C, Lorenzo MD. Enzymatic Fuel Cells: Towards Self-Powered Implantable and Wearable Diagnostics.
BIOSENSORS 2018;
8:E11. [PMID:
29382147 PMCID:
PMC5872059 DOI:
10.3390/bios8010011]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2017] [Revised: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
With the rapid progress in nanotechnology and microengineering, point-of-care and personalised healthcare, based on wearable and implantable diagnostics, is becoming a reality. Enzymatic fuel cells (EFCs) hold great potential as a sustainable means to power such devices by using physiological fluids as the fuel. This review summarises the fundamental operation of EFCs and discusses the most recent advances for their use as implantable and wearable self-powered sensors.
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