Intelligent Wireless Capsule Endoscopy for the Diagnosis of Gastrointestinal Diseases

Through a wireless capsule endoscope (WCE) fitted with a miniature camera (about an inch), this study aims to examine the role of wireless capsule endoscopy (WCE) in the diagnosis, monitoring, and evaluation of GI (gastrointestinal) disorders. In a wearable belt recorder, a capsule travels through the digestive tract and takes pictures. It attempts to find tiny components that can be used to enhance the WCE. To accomplish this, we followed the steps below: Researching current capsule endoscopy through databases, designing and simulating the device using computers, implanting the system and finding tiny components compatible with capsule size, testing the system and eliminating noise and other problems, and analyzing the results. In the present study, it was shown that a spherical WCE shaper and a smaller WCE with a size of 13.5 diameter, a high resolution, and a high frame rate (8-32 fps) could help patients with pains due to the traditional capsules and provide more accurate pictures as well as prolong the battery life. In addition, the capsule can also be used to reconstruct 3D images. Simulation experiments showed that spherical endoscopic devices are more advantageous than commercial capsule-shaped endoscopic devices for wireless applications. We found that the sphere's velocity through the fluid was greater than the capsule's.

Divalent Yb-Doped Silica Glass and Fiber with High Quantum Efficiency for White Light Source

The 4f¹³5d–4f¹⁴ energy transition of Yb²⁺ ions can cover the whole white light wavelength, Yb²⁺-doped materials have thus been a hot research field. In order to obtain a white light source, many kinds of Yb²⁺-doped materials have been prepared. In this study, divalent Yb²⁺-doped silica fiber was fabricated using rod-in-tube technology. The fiber core of Yb²⁺-doped silica glass was prepared with high-temperature melting technology under vacuum conditions. The spectroscopic properties of the Yb²⁺-doped glass and fiber were studied. The experiments indicate that divalent Yb²⁺-doped glass has a high quantum efficiency and super-broadband fluorescence in the visible region with an excitation wavelength of 405 nm. In addition, the results suggest that Yb²⁺-doped fiber has a potential for application in visible fiber lasers and fiber amplification.