Alblewi FF, Okasha RM, Eskandrani AA, Afifi TH, Mohamed HM, Halawa AH, Fouda AM, Al-Dies AAM, Mora A, El-Agrody AM. Design and Synthesis of Novel Heterocyclic-Based 4
H-benzo[
h]chromene Moieties: Targeting Antitumor Caspase 3/7 Activities and Cell Cycle Analysis.
Molecules 2019;
24:molecules24061060. [PMID:
30889862 PMCID:
PMC6471608 DOI:
10.3390/molecules24061060]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Revised: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel fused chromenes (4,7–11) and pyrimidines (12–16) were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for their mammary gland breast cancer (MCF-7), human colon cancer (HCT-116), and liver cancer (HepG-2) activities. The structural identity of the synthesized compounds was established according to their spectroscopic analysis, such as FT-IR, NMR, and mass spectroscopy. The preliminary results of the bioassay disclosed that some of the target compounds were proven to have a significant antiproliferative effect against the three cell lines, as compared to Doxorubicin, Vinblastine, and Colchicine, used as reference drugs. Particularly, compounds 7 and 14 exerted promising anticancer activity towards all cell lines and were chosen for further studies, such as cell cycle analysis, cell apoptosis, caspase 3/7 activity, DNA fragmentation, cell invasion, and migration. We found that these potent cytotoxic compounds induced cell cycle arrest at the S and G2/M phases, prompting apoptosis. Furthermore, these compounds significantly inhibit the invasion and migration of the different tested cancer cells. The structure-activity relationship (SAR) survey highlights that the antitumor activity of the desired compounds was affected by the hydrophobic or hydrophilic nature of the substituent at different positions.
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