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Haude S, Matthes R, Pitchika V, Holtfreter B, Schlüter R, Gerling T, Kocher T, Jablonowski L. In-vitro biofilm removal from TiUnite® implant surface with an air polishing and two different plasma devices. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:558. [PMID: 38741081 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04230-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We investigated the efficacy of two different cold atmospheric pressure jet plasma devices (CAP09 and CAPmed) and an air polishing device with glycine powder (AP) either applied as monotherapies or combined therapies (AP + CAP09; AP + CAPmed), in microbial biofilm removal from discs with anodised titanium surface. METHODS Discs covered with 7-day-old microbial biofilm were treated either with CAP09, CAPmed, AP, AP + CAP09 or AP + CAPmed and compared with negative and positive controls. Biofilm removal was assessed with flourescence and electron microscopy immediately after treatment and after 5 days of reincubation of the treated discs. RESULTS Treatment with CAP09 or CAPmed did not lead to an effective biofilm removal, whereas treatment with AP detached the complete biofilm, which however regrew to baseline magnitude after 5 days of reincubation. Both combination therapies (AP + CAP09 and AP + CAPmed) achieved a complete biofilm removal immediately after cleaning. However, biofilm regrew after 5 days on 50% of the discs treated with the combination therapy. CONCLUSION AP treatment alone can remove gross biofilm immediately from anodised titanium surfaces. However, it did not impede regrowth after 5 days, because microorganisms were probably hidden in holes and troughs, from which they could regrow, and which were inaccessible to AP. The combination of AP and plasma treatment probably removed or inactivated microorganisms also from these hard to access spots. These results were independent of the choice of plasma device.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Haude
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology, Endodontology, Preventive Dentistry and Paediatric Dentistry, Dental School, University Medicine Greifswald, Walther-Rathenau-Str. 42a, Greifswald, D - 17475, Germany
| | - Rutger Matthes
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology, Endodontology, Preventive Dentistry and Paediatric Dentistry, Dental School, University Medicine Greifswald, Walther-Rathenau-Str. 42a, Greifswald, D - 17475, Germany
| | - Vinay Pitchika
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology, Endodontology, Preventive Dentistry and Paediatric Dentistry, Dental School, University Medicine Greifswald, Walther-Rathenau-Str. 42a, Greifswald, D - 17475, Germany
| | - Birte Holtfreter
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology, Endodontology, Preventive Dentistry and Paediatric Dentistry, Dental School, University Medicine Greifswald, Walther-Rathenau-Str. 42a, Greifswald, D - 17475, Germany
| | - Rabea Schlüter
- Imaging Center of the Department of Biology, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Torsten Gerling
- ZIK Plasmatis, Leibniz-Institute for Plasma Science and Technology e.V. (INP), a member of the Leibniz Research Alliance Leibniz Health Technology, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Thomas Kocher
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology, Endodontology, Preventive Dentistry and Paediatric Dentistry, Dental School, University Medicine Greifswald, Walther-Rathenau-Str. 42a, Greifswald, D - 17475, Germany
| | - Lukasz Jablonowski
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology, Endodontology, Preventive Dentistry and Paediatric Dentistry, Dental School, University Medicine Greifswald, Walther-Rathenau-Str. 42a, Greifswald, D - 17475, Germany.
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Hosseini Hooshiar M, Badkoobeh A, Kolahdouz S, Tadayonfard A, Mozaffari A, Nasiri K, Salari S, Safaralizadeh R, Yasamineh S. The potential use of nanozymes as an antibacterial agents in oral infection, periodontitis, and peri-implantitis. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:207. [PMID: 38664778 PMCID: PMC11044492 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02472-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Several studies suggest that oral pathogenic biofilms cause persistent oral infections. Among these is periodontitis, a prevalent condition brought on by plaque biofilm. It can even result in tooth loss. Furthermore, the accumulation of germs around a dental implant may lead to peri-implantitis, which damages the surrounding bone and gum tissue. Furthermore, bacterial biofilm contamination on the implant causes soft tissue irritation and adjacent bone resorption, severely compromising dental health. On decontaminated implant surfaces, however, re-osseointegration cannot be induced by standard biofilm removal techniques such as mechanical cleaning and antiseptic treatment. A family of nanoparticles known as nanozymes (NZs) comprise highly catalytically active multivalent metal components. The most often employed NZs with antibacterial activity are those that have peroxidase (POD) activity, among other types of NZs. Since NZs are less expensive, more easily produced, and more stable than natural enzymes, they hold great promise for use in various applications, including treating microbial infections. NZs have significantly contributed to studying implant success rates and periodontal health maintenance in periodontics and implantology. An extensive analysis of the research on various NZs and their applications in managing oral health conditions, including dental caries, dental pulp disorders, oral ulcers, peri-implantitis, and bacterial infections of the mouth. To combat bacteria, this review concentrates on NZs that imitate the activity of enzymes in implantology and periodontology. With a view to the future, there are several ways that NZs might be used to treat dental disorders antibacterially.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ashkan Badkoobeh
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
| | - Shirin Kolahdouz
- School of Dentistry, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Azadeh Tadayonfard
- Postgraduate Department of Prosthodontics, Dental Faculty, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Asieh Mozaffari
- Department of Periodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Kamyar Nasiri
- Department of Dentistry, Islamic Azad University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Salari
- Islamic Azad University of Medical Sciences, Esfahan, Iran
| | - Reza Safaralizadeh
- Restarative Dentistry, Department of Dental, Faculty Tabriz Medical University, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Saman Yasamineh
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran.
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Sinjab K, Sawant S, Ou A, Fenno JC, Wang HL, Kumar P. Impact of surface characteristics on the peri-implant microbiome in health and disease. J Periodontol 2024; 95:244-255. [PMID: 37665015 PMCID: PMC10909931 DOI: 10.1002/jper.23-0205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Because little is known about the impact of implant surface modifications on the peri-implant microbiome, we aimed to examine peri-implant communities in various surface types in order to better understand the impact of these surfaces on the development of peri-implantitis (PI). METHODS One hundred and six systemically healthy individuals with anodized (AN), hydroxyapatite-coated (HA), or sandblasted acid-etched (SLA) implants that were >6 months in function were recruited and categorized into health (H) or PI. Peri-implant biofilm was analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and compared between health/disease and HA/SLA/AN using community-level and taxa-level metrics. RESULTS Healthy implants did not demonstrate significant differences in clustering, alpha- or beta-diversity based on surface modification. AN and HA surfaces displayed significant differences between health and PI (p < 0.05); however, such a clustering was not evident with SLA (p > 0.05). AN and HA surfaces also differed in the magnitude and diversity of differences between health and PI. Six species belonging to the genera Shuttleworthia, Scardovia, and Prevotella demonstrated lower abundances in AN implants with PI, and 18 species belonging to the genera Fretibacterium, Tannerella, Treponema, and Fusobacterium were elevated, while in HA implants with PI, 20 species belonging to the genera Streptococcus, Lactobacillus, Veillonella, Rothia, and family Ruminococcaceae were depleted and Peptostreptococcaceae, Atopobiaceae, Veillonellaceae, Porphyromonadaceae, Desulfobulbaceae, and order Synergistales were enriched. CONCLUSIONS Within the limitations of this study, we demonstrate that implant surface can differentially modify the disease-associated microbiome, suggesting that surface topography must be considered in the multi-factorial etiology of peri-implant diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled Sinjab
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry University of Michigan 1011 N University Ave Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
| | - Shriya Sawant
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry University of Michigan 1011 N University Ave Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
| | - Alice Ou
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry University of Michigan 1011 N University Ave Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
| | - J. Christopher Fenno
- Department of Biological and Material Sciences and Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry University of Michigan 1011 N University Ave Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
| | - Hom-Lay Wang
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry University of Michigan 1011 N University Ave Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
| | - Purnima Kumar
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry University of Michigan 1011 N University Ave Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
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Hart I, Wells C, Tsigarida A, Bezerra B. Effectiveness of mechanical and chemical decontamination methods for the treatment of dental implant surfaces affected by peri-implantitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Exp Dent Res 2024; 10:e839. [PMID: 38345466 PMCID: PMC10847712 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess which decontamination method(s) used for the debridement of titanium surfaces (disks and dental implants) contaminated with bacterial, most efficiently eliminate bacterial biofilms. MATERIAL AND METHODS A systematic search was conducted in four electronic databases between January 1, 2010 and October 31, 2022. The search strategy followed the PICOS format and included only in vitro studies completed on either dental implant or titanium disk samples. The assessed outcome variable consisted of the most effective method(s)-chemical or mechanical- removing bacterial biofilm from titanium surfaces. A meta-analysis was conducted, and data was summarized through single- and multi-level random effects model (p < .05). RESULTS The initial search resulted in 5260 articles after the removal of duplicates. After assessment by title, abstract, and full-text review, a total of 13 articles met the inclusion criteria for this review. Different decontamination methods were assessed, including both mechanical and chemical, with the most common method across studies being chlorhexidine (CHX). Significant heterogeneity was noted across the included studies. The meta-analyses only identified a significant difference in biofilm reduction when CHX treatment was compared against PBS. The remaining comparisons did not identify significant differences between the various decontamination methods. CONCLUSIONS The present results do not demonstrate that one method of decontamination is superior in eliminating bacterial biofilm from titanium disk and implant surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iain Hart
- Department of Periodontology, Eastman Institute for Oral HealthUniversity of RochesterRochesterNew YorkUSA
| | - Christine Wells
- Statistical Methods and Data AnalyticsUCLA Office of Advanced Research ComputingLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Alexandra Tsigarida
- Department of Periodontology, Eastman Institute for Oral HealthUniversity of RochesterRochesterNew YorkUSA
| | - Beatriz Bezerra
- Section of Periodontics, Division of Regenerative and Reconstructive SciencesUCLA School of DentistryLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
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Dutra TP, Freitas Monteiro M, França-Grohmann IL, Casarin RCV, Casati MZ, Silvério Ruiz KG, Kumar PS, Sallum EA. Clinical, immunological and microbiological evaluation of experimental peri-implant mucositis and gingivitis in subjects with Grade C, stage III/IV periodontitis background. J Clin Periodontol 2024; 51:209-221. [PMID: 37941050 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
AIM To compare individuals with a periodontitis background (Grade C, stage III/IV-formerly generalized aggressive periodontitis) (H-GAP) with periodontally healthy subjects (H-Health) in terms of molecular changes (immunological/microbiological) accompanying experimental peri-implant mucositis and gingivitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS H-GAP and control (H-Health) subjects were recruited, and experimental mucositis/gingivitis was induced around a single screw-retained implant and one contralateral tooth. Participants refrained from oral hygiene for 21 days in the selected areas, followed by professional prophylaxis and hygiene instructions for 21 days. Clinical parameters, immunological markers (multiplex analysis) and microbial data (16S rRNA gene sequencing) were collected at baseline, during induction (7, 14 and 21 days) and following remission (42 days). RESULTS Clinically, no significant differences were observed between the groups (n = 10/each group) (H-GAP vs. H-Health) (p > .05, Mann-Whitney test) and the type of site (tooth vs. implant) (p > .05, Wilcoxon test) at the time of onset and resolution, or severity of gingival/mucosal inflammation. H-GAP displayed lower concentrations of the cytokines interleukin (IL)-1B, IL-4, IL-17, tumor necrosis factor-α and interferon-γ around implants than H-Health at baseline and during induction of mucositis (p < .05, Mann-Whitney test). In both groups, implants showed significantly higher inflammatory background at baseline and all subsequent visits when compared with teeth (p < .05, Wilcoxon test). Alpha and β-diversity metrics showed a significant shift in the microbiome composition and abundances of core species during induction and resolution of peri-implant mucositis and gingivitis (p < .05, restricted maximum likelihood method of Shannon and Bray-Curtis indices, respectively). Differences were not significant for these parameters between the H-Health and H-GAP groups when the periodontal and peri-implant microbiomes were compared separately; however, at each time point, the peri-implant microbiome differed significantly from the periodontal microbiome. CONCLUSIONS Within the limitations of this pilot study (e.g. low power), it can be concluded that different microbial shifts contribute to the onset and progression of inflammatory responses around teeth and implants and that history of periodontal disease experience plays an additional role in modulating the immune response of peri-implant and periodontal tissues to biofilm accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamires Pereira Dutra
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Division of Periodontics, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan - School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Mabelle Freitas Monteiro
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Division of Periodontics, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Isabela Lima França-Grohmann
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Division of Periodontics, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Renato Corrêa Viana Casarin
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Division of Periodontics, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Márcio Zaffalon Casati
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Division of Periodontics, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Karina Gonzalez Silvério Ruiz
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Division of Periodontics, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Purnima S Kumar
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan - School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Enílson Antônio Sallum
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Division of Periodontics, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
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Song L, Feng Z, Zhou Q, Wu X, Zhang L, Sun Y, Li R, Chen H, Yang F, Yu Y. Metagenomic analysis of healthy and diseased peri-implant microbiome under different periodontal conditions: a cross-sectional study. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:105. [PMID: 38233815 PMCID: PMC10795403 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03442-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peri-implantitis is a polybacterial infection that can lead to the failure of dental implant rehabilitation. This study aimed to profile the microbiome of the peri-implant plaque and estimate the effect of periodontitis on it among 40 Chinese participants with dental implant prostheses and presenting with varying peri-implant and periodontal health states. METHODS Submucosal plaque samples were collected from four distinct clinical categories based on both their implant and periodontal health status at sampling point. Clinical examinations of dental implant and remaining teeth were carried out. Metagenomic analysis was then performed. RESULTS The microbiome of the peri-implantitis sites differed from that of healthy implant sites, both taxonomically and functionally. Moreover, the predominant species in peri-implantitis sites were slightly affected by the presence of periodontitis. T. forsythia, P. gingivalis, T. denticola, and P. endodontalis were consistently associated with peri-implantitis and inflammatory clinical parameters regardless of the presence of periodontitis. Prevotella spp. and P. endodontalis showed significant differences in the peri-implantitis cohorts under different periodontal conditions. The most distinguishing function between diseased and healthy implants is related to flagellar assembly, which plays an important role in epithelial cell invasion. CONCLUSIONS The composition of the peri-implant microbiome varied in the diseased and healthy states of implants and is affected by individual periodontal conditions. Based on their correlations with clinical parameters, certain species are associated with disease and healthy implants. Flagellar assembly may play a vital role in the process of peri-implantitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Song
- Department of Stomatology, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, 801 Heqing Road, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Ziying Feng
- Department of Stomatology, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, 801 Heqing Road, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Qianrong Zhou
- Department of Stomatology, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xingwen Wu
- Department of Stomatology, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Limin Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, 801 Heqing Road, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Yang Sun
- Department of Stomatology, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Ruixue Li
- Department of Stomatology, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Huijuan Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, 801 Heqing Road, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Fei Yang
- Department of Stomatology, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Youcheng Yu
- Department of Stomatology, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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Carvalho ÉBS, Romandini M, Sadilina S, Sant'Ana ACP, Sanz M. Microbiota associated with peri-implantitis-A systematic review with meta-analyses. Clin Oral Implants Res 2023; 34:1176-1187. [PMID: 37523470 DOI: 10.1111/clr.14153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
AIM To answer the following PECO question: "In systemically healthy human subjects (P), which are the differences between peri-implantitis (E) and peri-implant health/mucositis (C) in terms of bacterial presence/count (O)?" MATERIALS AND METHODS Cross-sectional studies fulfilling specific inclusion criteria established to answer the PECO question were included. Two review authors independently searched for studies, screened the titles and abstracts, did full-text analysis, extracted the data from the included reports, and performed the risk of bias assessment through an adaptation of the Newcastle/Ottawa tool for cross-sectional studies and of the JBI critical appraisal checklist. In case of disagreement, a third reviewer author took the final decision. Study results were summarized using random effects meta-analyses. RESULTS A total of 12 studies were included, involving 1233 participants and 1513 implants. Peri-implantitis was associated with the presence of S. epidermidis (Odds ratio, OR = 10.28 [95% Confidence interval, CI: 1.26-83.98]), F. nucleatum (OR = 7.83 [95% CI: 2.24-27.36]), T. denticola (OR = 6.11 [95% CI: 2.72-13.76]), T. forsythia (OR = 4.25 [95% CI: 1.71-10.57]), P. intermedia (OR = 3.79 [95% CI: 1.07-13.35]), and P. gingivalis (OR = 2.46 [95% CI: 1.21-5.00]). Conversely, the presence of A. actinomycetemcomitans (OR = 3.82 [95% CI: 0.59-24.68]), S. aureus (OR = 1.05 [95% CI: 0.06-17.08]), and C. rectus (OR = 1.48 [95% CI: 0.69-3.17]) was not associated with peri-implantitis. CONCLUSIONS Peri-implantitis is associated with the presence of S. epidermidis and specific periodontopathogens (P. gingivalis, T. forsythia, T. denticola, F. nucleatum, and P. intermedia). (CRD42021254589).
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Affiliation(s)
- Érika B S Carvalho
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of Sao Paulo, Bauru, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mario Romandini
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sofya Sadilina
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Pavlov University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Adriana C P Sant'Ana
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of Sao Paulo, Bauru, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mariano Sanz
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- ETEP Research Group, Faculty of Odontology, University Complutense, Madrid, Spain
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Meier D, Astasov-Frauenhoffer M, Waltimo T, Zaugg LK, Rohr N, Zitzmann NU. Biofilm formation on metal alloys and coatings, zirconia, and hydroxyapatite as implant materials in vivo. Clin Oral Implants Res 2023; 34:1118-1126. [PMID: 37489537 DOI: 10.1111/clr.14146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Composition of implant material and its surface structure is decisive for oral biofilm accumulation. This study investigated biofilm formation on eight different materials. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eighteen healthy subjects wore intraoral splints fitted with two sets of eight materials for 24 h: zirconia [ZrO2 ]; silver-gold-palladium [AgAuPd]; titanium zirconium [TiZr]; Pagalinor [PA]; hydroxyapatite [HA]; silver-platinum [AgPt]; titanium aluminum niobium [TAN]; titanium grade4 [TiGr4]. Total biomass was stained by safranin to assess plaque accumulation while conventional culturing (CFU) was conducted to investigate viable parts of the biofilm. Cell viability of human gingival fibroblasts (HGF-1) was assessed in vitro. Statistical evaluation was performed with linear mixed-effects models to compare materials (geometric mean ratios, 95% CI), with the level of significance set at ɑ = .05. RESULTS Less biofilm mass and CFU were found on noble metal alloys (AgPt, AgAuPd, and PA). Compared to AgPt, PA had 2.7-times higher biofilm mass value, AgAuPd was 3.9-times, TiGr4 was 4.1-times, TiZr was 5.9-times, TAN was 7.7-times, HA was 7.8-times, and ZrO2 was 9.1-times higher (each p < .001). Similarly, CFU data were significantly lower on AgPt, AgAuPd had 4.1-times higher CFU values, PA was 8.9-times, TiGr4 was 11.2-times, HA was 12.5-times, TiZr was 13.3-times, TAN was 16.9-times, and ZrO2 was 18.5-times higher (each p < .001). HGF-1 viability varied between 47 ± 24.5% (HA) and 94.4 ± 24.6% (PA). CONCLUSION Noble alloys are considered as beneficial materials for the transmucosal part of oral implants, as less biofilm mass, lower bacterial counts, and greater cell viability were detected than on titanium- or zirconia-based materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donat Meier
- Department of Reconstructive Dentistry, University Center for Dental Medicine Basel (UZB), University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Monika Astasov-Frauenhoffer
- Department Research, University Center for Dental Medicine Basel (UZB), University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Tuomas Waltimo
- Department of Oral Health & Medicine, University Center for Dental Medicine Basel (UZB), University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Lucia K Zaugg
- Department of Reconstructive Dentistry, University Center for Dental Medicine Basel (UZB), University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nadja Rohr
- Department of Reconstructive Dentistry, University Center for Dental Medicine Basel (UZB), University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department Research, University Center for Dental Medicine Basel (UZB), University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nicola U Zitzmann
- Department of Reconstructive Dentistry, University Center for Dental Medicine Basel (UZB), University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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Jervøe-Storm PM, Jepsen S, Marder M, Kraus D, Stoilov M, Enkling N. Prevention of internal bacterial colonization of dental implants: A comparative longitudinal observational study. Clin Oral Implants Res 2023; 34:979-986. [PMID: 37394702 DOI: 10.1111/clr.14124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Previous studies have indicated a progressive internal bacterial colonization of implants and possible implications for peri-implant bone loss. The aim of this study was to evaluate a decontamination protocol, two disinfectants, and a sealant for their ability to prevent such a colonization. MATERIALS AND METHODS Bacterial samples were harvested from the peri-implant sulcus (external) and following abutment removal from the implant cavity (internal) during routine supportive peri-implant care in 30 edentulous patients 2 years after they had obtained two implants. In a split-mouth design, implants were randomly assigned to receive either internal decontamination alone (10% H2 O2 , brush) or additional placement of either sealant (GS), disinfectant agent (CHX-varnish) or disinfectant gel (1% CHX-gel), in the internal cavity before remounting of abutment/suprastructure. Twelve months later, internal and external sampling was repeated. Total bacterial counts (TBCs) were determined using real-time PCR in a total of 240 samples (eight per patient). RESULTS Total bacterial counts in the internal cavity significantly reduced overall treatment modalities 1 year after the treatments (4.0 [2.3-6.9]-fold reduction; p = .000). No significant differences between the four treatment types were found (p = .348). Comparison of internal and external sampling points revealed significant correlation (R2 = .366; p = .000) with systematically higher TBC counts in external samples. CONCLUSIONS Within the limitations of the present study, it can be concluded that the use of disinfectant agents or a sealant did not show an additional benefit in the prevention of internal bacterial colonization of implants compared to a decontamination protocol alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pia-Merete Jervøe-Storm
- Department of Periodontology, Operative and Preventive Dentistry, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Søren Jepsen
- Department of Periodontology, Operative and Preventive Dentistry, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Michael Marder
- Department of Prosthodontics, Preclinical Education and Dental Material Science, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Dominik Kraus
- Department of Prosthodontics, Preclinical Education and Dental Material Science, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Milan Stoilov
- Department of Prosthodontics, Preclinical Education and Dental Material Science, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Norbert Enkling
- Department of Prosthodontics, Preclinical Education and Dental Material Science, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Reconstructive Dentistry & Gerodontology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Li S, Sun F, Wei Y, Nie Y, Wu X, Hu W. Mucosal bleeding correlates with submucosal microbial dysbiosis in peri-implant mucositis of patients with periodontitis. Clin Oral Implants Res 2023; 34:947-957. [PMID: 37358250 DOI: 10.1111/clr.14120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to investigate the relationship between microbial communities and the severity of peri-implant mucosal bleeding in peri-implant mucositis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Submucosal plaque samples were collected from 54 implants divided into the healthy implant (HI) group, peri-implant mucositis (PM) group, and peri-implantitis (PI) group. Sequencing of 16S rRNA was performed using the Illumina MiSeq platform. Alpha diversity (i.e., Shannon and Chao index) and beta diversity were used to measure microbial diversity within and between microbial communities, respectively. Differences in microbial taxa between groups were assessed via linear discriminate analysis effect size. Correlation between the modified sulcus bleeding index (mSBI) and microbial dysbiosis index (MDI) was examined using Spearman correlation analysis and linear models. RESULTS The submucosal bacterial richness (Chao index) was positively correlated with the mean mSBI in the PM group. As the mean mSBI increased in the PM group, the beta diversity became closer to that of the PI group. In the PM group, the abundances of 47 genera were significantly correlated with the mean mSBI, and the MDI was positively associated with the mean mSBI. Fourteen of the forty-seven genera were discriminative taxa between the HI and PI groups, and the abundances of these biomarkers became closer to those in the PI group in the progression of peri-implant disease. CONCLUSIONS A higher mSBI value corresponded to a higher risk of microbial dysbiosis in peri-implant mucositis. The biomarkers identified may be useful for monitoring the progression of peri-implant disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Li
- Department of Periodontology, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Sun
- Department of Periodontology, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Yiping Wei
- Department of Periodontology, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Nie
- College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaolei Wu
- College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Institute of Ocean Research, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Institute of Ecology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenjie Hu
- Department of Periodontology, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
- NHC Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry, Peking University, Beijing, China
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11
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Jezdic M, Nikolic N, Krasavcevic AD, Milasin J, Aleksic Z, Carkic J, Jankovic S, Milinkovic I. Clinical, microbiological and osteoimmunological findings in different peri-implant conditions - A cross-sectional study. Clin Oral Implants Res 2023; 34:958-966. [PMID: 37392017 DOI: 10.1111/clr.14122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of certain microbiota and their potential correlation with clinical parameters, expression of proinflammatory cytokines, Notch signalling pathway molecules and bone remodelling mediators among different peri-implant conditions. MATERIALS AND METHODS Included participants had at least one dental implant minimally 1 year in function. They were divided into peri-implantitis (PI), peri-implant mucositis (PM) and healthy implants (HIs) groups. Prevalence of P. ginigvalis, Fusobacterium spp., EBV and C. albicans was detected in participants' crevicular fluid (CF) using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, different markers' expression, as well as clinical data, were correlated with the microbial presence. RESULTS CF samples taken from one chosen implant from each of the 102 participants were analyzed. Significantly higher levels of P. gingivalis were found in PI compared with HI (p = .012) and PM (p = .026). Fusobacterium spp. was also more prevalent in PI (p = .041) and PM (0.008) than in HI. P. gingivalis was a predictor of PPDi (p = .011, R2 = 0.063) and CALi (p = .049, R2 = 0.038). A positive correlation was found in PI for the level of Fusobacterium spp. and TNFα expression (ρ = 0.419, p = .017) while in PM, P. gingivalis and Notch 2 expression were correlated (ρ = 0.316, p = .047). CONCLUSIONS P. gingivalis appears to be involved in the osteolysis in patients with PI, while the positive correlation of its level with Notch 2 expression in patients with PM suggests a potential involvement of P. gingivalis in the progression of PM into PI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marija Jezdic
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Medicine, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nadja Nikolic
- Department of Human Genetics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ana Djinic Krasavcevic
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Medicine, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Milasin
- Department of Human Genetics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Zoran Aleksic
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Medicine, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Carkic
- Department of Human Genetics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Sasha Jankovic
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Medicine, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Iva Milinkovic
- Implant Center, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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12
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Wilensky A, Shapira L, Limones A, Martin C. The efficacy of implant surface decontamination using chemicals during surgical treatment of peri-implantitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Periodontol 2023; 50 Suppl 26:336-358. [PMID: 36792071 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
AIM To answer the following PICOS question: "In adult patients with peri-implantitis, what is the efficacy of surgical therapy with chemical surface decontamination of implant surfaces in comparison with surgical therapy alone or surgery with placebo decontamination, on probing pocket depth (PD) reduction and bleeding on probing (BoP)/suppuration on probing (SoP), in randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs) and non-RCTs with at least 6 months of follow-up?" MATERIALS AND METHODS Six databases were searched from their inception up to 20 May 2022. Data on clinical outcome variables were pooled and analysed using mean differences (MDs), risk ratios (RRs), or risk differences (RDs) as appropriate, 95% confidence intervals (CIs), and prediction intervals (PIs) in the case of significant heterogeneity. Primary outcomes were determined as changes in PD and BoP/SoP. Secondary outcomes were radiographic marginal bone loss (MBL), implant loss, and disease resolution. PROSPERO registration number: CRD42022325603. RESULTS Six RCTs-two with moderate, three with high, and one with low risk of bias (RoB)-were included. These studies test the adjunctive effect of photodynamic therapy (PDT), chlorhexidine (CHX), and administration of local antibiotics (LAbs) during surgery on the clinical outcome. In a single 12-month study, the adjunctive use of local antibiotics showed a clinically relevant reduction of PD [MD = 1.44; 95%CI (0.40 to -2.48)] and MBL [MD = 1.21; 95%CI (0.44-1.98); one trial, 32 participants]. PDT showed a small but significant reduction in BoP [MD = 7.41%; 95%CI (0.81-14.00); p = 0.028; two trials; 42 participants]. Treatment with CHX resulted in no significant changes in PD, BoP, or MBL compared to placebo (saline solution). None of the interventions affected disease resolution and implant loss. Certainty of the evidence was very low for all outcome measures assessed. CONCLUSIONS Within the limitations of this systematic review and the meta-analysis, adjunctive use of chemicals such as PDT, CHX, and LAbs for surface decontamination during surgery of peri-implantitis cannot be recommended as superior to standard debridement procedures (mechanical debridement with or without saline).
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Affiliation(s)
- Asaf Wilensky
- Department of Periodontology, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Lior Shapira
- Department of Periodontology, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Alvaro Limones
- Department of Conservative and Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Conchita Martin
- Department of Dental Clinical Specialties, Faculty of Dentistry, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain
- BIOCRAN Research group, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain
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13
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Cosgarea R, Roccuzzo A, Jepsen K, Sculean A, Jepsen S, Salvi GE. Efficacy of mechanical/physical approaches for implant surface decontamination in non-surgical submarginal instrumentation of peri-implantitis. A systematic review. J Clin Periodontol 2023; 50 Suppl 26:188-211. [PMID: 36550060 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the efficacy of non-surgical submarginal peri-implant instrumentation with mechanical/physical decontamination compared to non-surgical submarginal instrumentation alone or with placebo decontamination in patients with peri-implantitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Three focused questions were addressed, and a systematic search for randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs), controlled clinical trials, and prospective cohort studies with definitions of peri-implantitis and a minimal follow-up of 6 months was conducted. The main outcome variables were reduction in pocket probing depth (PD) and bleeding on probing (BOP). Suppuration on probing, marginal peri-implant bone level changes, patient-related outcomes and adverse events, implant survival, treatment success, and disease resolution were assessed as secondary outcomes. RESULTS Out of 239 findings, full-text articles were assessed for eligibility, and 9 (n = 9 RCTs) were included in the present review. Five studies evaluated the effects of various laser types, and in four studies efficacy of air-abrasive mechanisms and of a novel ultrasonic device was determined. At 6 months, PD reductions were observed in nine studies but only Er, Cr:YSGG laser-treated group showed statistically significant higher reductions compared to the control group. BOP was statistically significantly reduced at 6 months in two studies following the application of Er:YAG laser compared to controls. One study reported statistically significant reduction in BOP following application of air-polishing device compared to control treatment. No statistically significant differences between treatment groups were reported for the secondary outcome variables. Owing to the large heterogeneity of study designs, no meta-analysis was performed. CONCLUSIONS Available evidence on the efficacy of non-surgical submarginal peri-implant instrumentation with mechanical/physical decontamination is limited by the small number of controlled studies and the high heterogeneity of study protocols. Clinical and patient-reported benefits remain to be demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raluca Cosgarea
- Department of Periodontology, Operative and Preventive Dentistry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Periodontology and Peri-implant Diseases, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- School of Dental Medicine, University Iuliu-Hatieganu, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Andrea Roccuzzo
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Karin Jepsen
- Department of Periodontology, Operative and Preventive Dentistry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Anton Sculean
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Søren Jepsen
- Department of Periodontology, Operative and Preventive Dentistry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Giovanni E Salvi
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Teixeira W, do Nascimento C, Pereira RMA, Mendonça G, Fernandes GVDO, Wang HL, Pedrazzi V. Bacterial Leakage Evaluation Through DNA-DNA Checkerboard Hybridization Technique in Morse Taper Implant-Abutment Connections: An In Vitro Study. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 2023; 38:313-320. [PMID: 37083915 DOI: 10.11607/jomi.9886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: The objective of this in vitro study was to evaluate the activity of local gel containing metronidazole (MN) in the leakage area, which was analyzed by the DNA-DNA checkerboard hybridization method. Materials and Methods: Thirty-six sets of Morse taper/mini-pillar implants were used in this study. These implants were equally divided into the following three groups: MN gel (test group), no MN gel (negative test group), and no gel (control). The gel was prepared with metronidazole (15%). Unstimulated saliva samples were collected, transferred to a Falcon tube, and stored at 37°C. The sets were partially immersed in microtubes containing 300 μL of saliva and were incubated at 37°C ± 1°C for 7 days. Microbial infiltration was evaluated (37 bacterial species and 5 species of Candida). The results were analyzed with Wald-Type, ANOVA, and multiple comparisons analysis between groups. Results: After comparing the quantity of microorganisms, both gel-treated groups (no MN gel and MN gel) had more significant microorganism presence than the control group (P < .001), and no significant result was found between the no MN gel and MN gel groups (P > .05). Regarding the bacteria found, the most common were Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Prevotella melaninogenica, Bacteroides fragilis, and Candida tropicalis. Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study, it was concluded that the gel containing metronidazole used in this study was not effective in preventing the infiltration of microorganisms through the Morse taper implant-abutment interface.
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Sengupta S, Ganesh S, Meenakshi S, Bettahalli AS, Rao RM, Swamy KNR. Comparative evaluation of the antibacterial activity of red diode laser therapy and 0.2% chlorhexidine against Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans on implant healing abutments: An ex vivo study. J Indian Prosthodont Soc 2023; 23:12-20. [PMID: 36588370 PMCID: PMC10088439 DOI: 10.4103/jips.jips_158_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims The intraoral microbiota has a high potential to undergo dysbiosis, causing inflammatory changes with respect to the tissues surrounding either a natural tooth or an implant. Thus, the longevity of implant prosthesis depends on a thorough implant decontamination protocol. Among all the techniques available for doing so, laser is garnering increasing popularity, owing to minimal bleeding, high efficiency, and faster healing. However, limited literature exists regarding the superiority of lasers over chlorhexidine (CHX), the indisputable gold standard antibacterial chemical agent. The aim of this study was to compare the percentage of bacterial reduction of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans from implant healing abutments post red diode laser therapy versus 0.2% CHX treatment. Settings and Design The current study had an ex vivo, observational, case-control design. Materials and Methods Patients reporting for the second stage of the implant surgery were taken as the source of data and the healing abutments, the clinical samples. Eleven patients were chosen with one intraoral implant serving as the test site for laser treatment and another, the control site for CHX treatment. Microbiological analysis was performed via quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction to compare the bacterial reduction percentage after each treatment. Statistical Analysis Used Repeated measures ANOVA and independent sample t test were used. Results The mean bacterial viability of the test group (laser) was 1.2%-1.6%, and 0.6%-1.4% for the control group (CHX). The former caused a mean bacterial reduction of 96.1% while the latter, 96.3%. Both the treatments caused a highly statistically significant reduction of viable bacterial counts (P = 0.001). However, when compared, there was no statistically significant difference in the bacterial reduction, when compared in between the two (P = 0.902). Conclusion Laser treatment is at par with chemical implant surface decontamination. It can help bypass the complications of CHX and revolutionize the protocols for implant surface decontamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumee Sengupta
- Department of Prosthodontics and Crown and Bridge, JSS Dental College and Hospital, JSSAHER, Mysore, Karnataka, India
| | - S. Ganesh
- Department of Prosthodontics and Crown and Bridge, JSS Dental College and Hospital, JSSAHER, Mysore, Karnataka, India
| | - S. Meenakshi
- Department of Prosthodontics and Crown and Bridge, JSS Dental College and Hospital, JSSAHER, Mysore, Karnataka, India
| | - Avinash Singh Bettahalli
- Department of Periodontology, JSS Dental College and Hospital, JSSAHER, Mysore, Karnataka, India
| | - Raghavendra M. Rao
- Department of Microbiology, JSS Dental College and Hospital, JSSAHER, Mysore, Karnataka, India
| | - K. N. Raghavendra Swamy
- Department of Prosthodontics and Crown and Bridge, JSS Dental College and Hospital, JSSAHER, Mysore, Karnataka, India
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Kyaw TT, Abdou A, Nakata H, Pimkhaokham A. Efficacy of combined chemical and electrochemical decontamination treatments on contaminated healing abutments and their effect on surface topography: An in vitro study. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res 2022; 24:696-708. [PMID: 35852825 DOI: 10.1111/cid.13123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy of four decontamination protocols on contaminated healing abutments (HAs) and their effects on surface topography. METHODS Eighty contaminated single-use HA samples collected from human participants were stained with phloxine B and examined microscopically. The retrieved HAs were randomly divided into four test groups: (1) Autoclaving only (AU), (2) 5.25% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) + AU, (3) Electrochemical treatment (EC) + AU, (4) NaOCl + EC + AU, and positive control (contaminated without any treatment). Four new unused HAs served as negative controls (NC). The surface features were analyzed using stereo microscopy (SM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and optical profilometry. RESULTS The lowest decontamination efficacy was observed for the AU group. The NaOCl + AU and EC + AU groups effectively removed residual contamination, whereas EC + AU showed better decontamination results than NaOCl + AU. SM, SEM, and EDS analyses revealed the best decontamination efficacy in the combined NaOCl + EC + AU group compared to the other groups. Surface roughness (Sa), developed surface area ratio (Sdr), and texture-aspect ratio (Str) in AU, NaOCl + AU, EC + AU, and NaOCl + EC + AU groups were not statistically significant compared to the NC group. CONCLUSIONS The combination of NaOCl with subsequent EC can remove soft and hard deposits from the surface of HAs compared to NaOCl alone and EC alone, without altering the surface topography of HAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiha Tin Kyaw
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Ahmed Abdou
- Prosthodontic Dentistry Department, Division of Biomaterials, Faculty of Dentistry, King Salman International University, South Sinai, Egypt
| | - Hidemi Nakata
- Department of Regenerative & Reconstructive Dental Medicine, Division of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atiphan Pimkhaokham
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Monje A, Amerio E, Cha JK, Kotsakis G, Pons R, Renvert S, Sanz-Martin I, Schwarz F, Sculean A, Stavropoulos A, Tarnow D, Wang HL. Strategies for implant surface decontamination in peri-implantitis therapy. Int J Oral Implantol (Berl) 2022; 15:213-248. [PMID: 36082658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Peri-implantitis is an infectious disease that leads to progressive bone loss. Surgical therapy has been advocated as a way of halting its progression and re-establishing peri-implant health. One of the most challenging but crucial tasks in the management of peri-implantitis is biofilm removal to achieve reosseointegration and promote the reduction of peri-implant pockets. A wide variety of strategies have been used for implant surface decontamination. Mechanical means have been demonstrated to be effective in eliminating calculus deposits and residual debris; however, the presence of undercuts and the grooves and porosities along the roughened implant surface make it difficult to achieve an aseptic surface. In conjunction with mechanical measures, use of chemical adjuncts has been advocated to dilute bacterial concentrations, destroy the bacteria's organic components and eliminate endotoxins. Pharmacological adjuncts have also been recommended to diminish the bacterial load. Other strategies, such as use of lasers, implantoplasty and electrolysis, have been suggested for implant surface decontamination to promote predictable clinical and radiographic outcomes.
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Junior EF, Zubek MJG, Mazucatto Queiroz P, Salvatore Freitas KM, Lopes Ortiz MA, Salmeron S. Sodium Bicarbonate Jet Reduces Contamination of Dental Implants In Vitro Without Causing Visible Surface Changes. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 2022; 37:587-592. [PMID: 35727253 DOI: 10.11607/jomi.9338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The increasing use of dental implants in oral rehabilitation has contributed to the increase of cases of peri-implantitis, a complex clinical condition that persists without an ideal treatment protocol. Therefore, this study aimed to verify the decontaminating action of the sodium bicarbonate jet in vitro, using different protocols, and the presence of visible changes on the surface of dental implants. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sixteen titanium implants (BioHE, Bioconnect) were used, divided into four groups (four implants per group): sterile implants (S)-negative control; implants contaminated with oral biofilm (C)-positive control; and implants contaminated with oral biofilm and decontaminated with a sodium bicarbonate jet for 30 seconds (J30) or 60 seconds (J60). The implants of groups C, J30, and J60 were contaminated in vitro with oral biofilm, then groups J30 and J60 received the respective decontamination treatments. Microbiologic analysis was performed by counting the colony-forming units (CFUs), and a qualitative descriptive analysis of the implant surface was performed after microbiologic analysis using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Statistical analysis included one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey tests and the independent t test, with a .05 significance level. RESULTS There was a significant reduction (P < .01) in the number of CFUs in groups J30 (3.63 × 106 ± 0.32) and J60 (2.74 × 106 ± 0.21) compared with group C (5.05 × 106 ± 0.43). Both decontaminated groups were statistically different from group S, which did not show bacterial growth (P < .01). When groups J30 and J60 were compared, there was also a significant difference between them (P < .01), and the group J60 showed greater decontaminating potential. The descriptive qualitative analysis did not show any visible changes on the surface of the implants. CONCLUSION The sodium bicarbonate jet was effective in decontaminating titanium implants in vitro, causing no visible damage to the implant surface.
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Harder S, Freitag-Wolf S, Quabius ES, Becker M, Kern M. Sealing Behavior of a New Material Combination in Two-Part Dental Implant Systems: An In Vitro Examination. INT J PROSTHODONT 2022; 35:761–769. [PMID: 35234749 DOI: 10.11607/ijp.7732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To test a newly introduced implant-abutment material combination against bacterial endotoxin leakage in a human whole blood assay. MATERIALS AND METHODS Two dental implant systems with internal connections and the following material combinations at the implant-abutment interface (IAI) were used (implant material/abutment material): yttrium-stabilized tetragonal zirconium dioxide (Y-TZP)/polyetherketoneketone (PEKK), and titanium (Ti/Ti). Test implants were inoculated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and sealed and submerged in human whole blood. Untreated implants served as the control groups. Changes in gene expression levels of inflammatory markers indicating LPS leakage were assessed after 1, 8, and 24 hours using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS In the Y-TZP/PEKK test group, a significant influence of the implant system (P < .001) on increases in gene expression indicating leakage were detected after 8 hours for TLR-4 and after 24 hours for interleukin 1-β and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B-cells (NF-κB), indicating microleakage of LPS at the IAI. In the Ti/Ti test group, differences in gene expression were found only for NF-κB after 8 hours. CONCLUSION The internal hexalobe IAI of two-piece dental implants fabricated from Y-TZP and PEKK do not prevent LPS molecular microleakage.
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Bai Y, Wang L, Zhao L, Lingling E, Yang S, Jia S, Wen N. Antibacterial and Antioxidant Effects of Magnesium Alloy on Titanium Dental Implants. Comput Math Methods Med 2022; 2022:6537676. [PMID: 35035523 PMCID: PMC8758302 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6537676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In this study, a new type of dental implant by covering the surface of the titanium (Ti) implant with zinc-magnesium (Zn-Mg) alloy was designed, to study the antibacterial and antioxidant effects of Mg alloy on titanium (Ti) implants in oral implant restoration. METHODS Human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs), S. sanguinis, and F. nucleatum bacteria were used to detect the bioactivity and antibacterial properties of Mg alloy-coated Ti implants. In addition, B6/J mice implanted with different materials were used to further detect their antibacterial and antioxidant properties. RESULTS The results showed that Mg alloy could better promote the adhesion and proliferation and improve the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity of HGFs, which contributed to better improved stability of implant osseointegration. In addition, Mg alloy could better inhibit the proliferation of S. sanguinis, while no significant difference was found in the proliferation of F. nucleatum between the two implants. In the mouse model, the peripheral inflammatory reaction and oxidative stress of the Mg alloy implant were significantly lower than those of the Ti alloy implant. CONCLUSIONS Zn-Mg alloy-coated Ti implants could better inhibit the growth of Gram-positive bacteria in the oral cavity, inhibit oxidative stress, and facilitate the proliferation activity of HGFs and the potential of osteoblast differentiation, thus, better increasing the stability of implant osseointegration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Bai
- Department of Stomatology, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Stomatology, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Lisheng Zhao
- Department of Stomatology, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - E. Lingling
- Department of Stomatology, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Shuo Yang
- Department of Stomatology, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Shunyi Jia
- Department of Stomatology, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Ning Wen
- Department of Stomatology, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
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Zhou N, Huang H, Liu H, Li Q, Yang G, Zhang Y, Ding M, Dong H, Mou Y. Microbiota analysis of peri-implant mucositis in patients with periodontitis history. Clin Oral Investig 2022; 26:6223-6233. [PMID: 35672515 PMCID: PMC9525361 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-022-04571-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the bacterial diversity in peri-implant plaques and the effect of periodontitis history on the occurrence of peri-implant mucositis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Three groups of subgingival plaques were collected from peri-implant sulci in the first molar area. The three groups included healthy implants in patients without periodontitis (NH implant), healthy implants in patients with periodontitis history (PH implant), and peri-implant mucositis implants in patients with periodontitis history (PM implant). Subgingival plaques in periodontal pockets of contralateral natural first molars were also collected. Bacterial DNA was extracted and the V4 region of the 16S rDNA sequence was amplified and sequenced on an Illumina HiSeq platform. The operational taxonomic units obtained from amplicon sequencing were used to analyze the prevalence and identity of bacteria based on public databases and advanced techniques. RESULTS Analysis of similarities indicated a significant difference in bacterial structures between the NH implant and PM implant groups. Additionally, a significantly higher relative abundance of the genera Actinomyces and Streptococcus was found in the samples of the NH implant group. The genera Fusobacterium and Prevotella could be considered as potential biomarkers for peri-implant mucositis. Moreover, more gram-negative anaerobic bacteria (Porphyromonas and Prevotella) were detected in the samples from patients with periodontitis history. CONCLUSIONS The increased accumulation of Fusobacterium and Prevotella is associated with a higher risk of peri-implant mucositis. In addition, patients with periodontal history may be more likely to develop peri-implant mucositis. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The increase in periodontal pathogens and the decrease in health-associated bacteria in patients with periodontitis history may be more likely to develop peri-implant mucositis. These results provide a bacteriological basis for the prevention and treatment of peri-implant mucositis in patients with periodontitis history.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Zhou
- Department of Jiangbei, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Haohao Huang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Oral Implantology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of Oral Implantology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guangwen Yang
- Department of Oral Implantology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Oral Implantology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Meng Ding
- Department of Oral Implantology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Heng Dong
- Department of Oral Implantology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Yongbin Mou
- Department of Oral Implantology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
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AlMoharib HS, Steffensen B, Zoukhri D, Finkelman M, Gyurko R. Efficacy of an Er:YAG laser in the decontamination of dental implant surfaces: An in vitro study. J Periodontol 2021; 92:1613-1621. [PMID: 33687796 DOI: 10.1002/jper.20-0765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emergence of peri-implant diseases led to the development of various methods for implant surface decontamination. This study was designed to compare the efficacy of biofilm removal from implant-like titanium surfaces by an erbium-doped yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Er:YAG) laser, titanium brush, and carbon fiber curet. METHODS Eight study subjects were recruited. A custom mouth appliance that held eight sandblasted and acid-etched titanium discs was fabricated for each subject. Subjects were asked to wear this appliance for 72 hours to allow for biofilm development. After retrieval, discs were removed and randomized to one of four treatment groups. The discs were stained with a two-component nucleic acid dye kit, and the residual biofilm was visualized under fluorescence microscopy. Quantification of residual biofilm was performed using an image analysis software and expressed as the percentage surface area. RESULTS Fifty-nine titanium discs were randomized to the four treatment groups. The percentage of titanium disc area covered by residual biofilm was 74.0% ± 21.6%, 32.8% ± 24.0%, 11.8% ± 10.3%, and 20.1% ± 19.2% in the control, Er:YAG, titanium brush and carbon fiber curet groups, respectively (mean ± SD). The biofilm-covered area significantly decreased in each of the three treatment groups compared with control (P < 0.008). Comparisons between treatment groups did not reveal statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS Er:YAG laser treatment is an effective method for reducing the bacterial biofilm on titanium discs. However, on a threadless titanium surface, Er:YAG laser does not exhibit a significantly greater efficacy in biofilm removal than commonly used titanium brushes or carbon fiber curets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hani S AlMoharib
- Department of Periodontics and Community Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Periodontology, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Bjorn Steffensen
- Department of Periodontology, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Driss Zoukhri
- Department of Comprehensive Care, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Matthew Finkelman
- Department of Public Health and Community Service, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Robert Gyurko
- Department of Periodontology, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Leung K, Bi J, Giannelis G, Owen G, Larjava H. Decontamination of multispecies oral biofilm from rough implant surface by airflow with glycine. Clin Exp Dent Res 2021; 8:322-328. [PMID: 34704380 PMCID: PMC8874088 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Decontamination of biofilm‐colonized rough implant surfaces remains challenging. We investigated the effect of airflow with glycine powder (AFG) on decontamination of mature oral multispecies biofilm from a sandblasted and acid etched (SLA) titanium surface. Materials and Methods Subgingival dental plaque was cultured on SLA disks anaerobically for 21 days. AFG with various settings and distances was applied directly on the disks with or without previous rinse of 0.9% NaCl. The specimens were then analyzed through scanning electron microscope and remaining bacteria on the implant surface were quantified and statistically compared. Results Mature oral biofilm with cocci and rods as major morphotypes, as well as spiral‐ and filamentous‐shaped organisms, was formed on the untreated disks. Saline rinsing removed the thick biofilm layer but left numerous of coccoid bacteria in rough surface pits. AFG effectively removed most of the bacteria from the pits. Both 25% and 50% power settings were equally effective at 3‐mm distance. With 50% power, AFG successfully removed bacteria at both 3‐ and 6‐mm distance. When AFG was applied on native biofilm without prior rinsing with saline, it effectively removed the biofilm including bacteria in the pits. Conclusion Application of AFG appears effective in removing bacteria from rough implant surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyla Leung
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral Biological and Medical SciencesUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - Jiarui Bi
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral Biological and Medical SciencesUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - Georgios Giannelis
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral Biological and Medical SciencesUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - Gethin Owen
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral Biological and Medical SciencesUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - Hannu Larjava
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral Biological and Medical SciencesUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
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Körtvélyessy G, Tarjányi T, Baráth ZL, Minarovits J, Tóth Z. Bioactive coatings for dental implants: A review of alternative strategies to prevent peri-implantitis induced by anaerobic bacteria. Anaerobe 2021; 70:102404. [PMID: 34146701 DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2021.102404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Members of oral bacterial communities form biofilms not only on tooth surfaces but also on the surface of dental implants that replace natural teeth. Prolonged interaction of host cells with biofilm-forming anaerobes frequently elicits peri-implantitis, a destructive inflammatory disease accompanied by alveolar bone loss leading to implant failure. Here we wish to overview how the deposition of bioactive peptides to dental implant surfaces could potentially inhibit bacterial colonization and the development of peri-implantisis. One preventive strategy is based on natural antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) immobilized on titanium surfaces. AMPs are capable to destroy both Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria directly. An alternative strategy aims at coating implant surfaces - especially the transmucosal part - with peptides facilitating the attachment of gingival epithelial cells and connective tissue cells. These cells produce AMPs and may form a soft tissue seal that prevents oral bacteria from accessing the apical part of the osseointegrated implant. Because a wide variety of titanium-bound peptides were studied in vitro, we wish to concentrate on bioactive peptides of human origin and some of their derivatives. Furthermore, special attention will be given to peptides effective under in vivo test conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Győző Körtvélyessy
- Department of Oral Biology and Experimental Dental Research, University of Szeged, Faculty of Dentistry, 6720, Szeged, Tisza Lajos Krt. 64, Hungary
| | - Tamás Tarjányi
- Department of Oral Biology and Experimental Dental Research, University of Szeged, Faculty of Dentistry, 6720, Szeged, Tisza Lajos Krt. 64, Hungary
| | - Zoltán L Baráth
- Department of Prosthodontics, University of Szeged, Faculty of Dentistry, 6720, Szeged, Tisza Lajos Krt. 64, Hungary
| | - Janos Minarovits
- Department of Oral Biology and Experimental Dental Research, University of Szeged, Faculty of Dentistry, 6720, Szeged, Tisza Lajos Krt. 64, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Tóth
- Department of Oral Biology and Experimental Dental Research, University of Szeged, Faculty of Dentistry, 6720, Szeged, Tisza Lajos Krt. 64, Hungary; Department of Experimental Physics, University of Szeged, Faculty of Science and Informatics, 6720, Szeged, Dóm Tér 9, Hungary.
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Polizzi E, D'orto B, Tomasi S, Tetè G. A micromorphological/microbiological pilot study assessing three methods for the maintenance of the implant patient. Clin Exp Dent Res 2021; 7:156-162. [PMID: 33211411 PMCID: PMC8019768 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 10/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of the ultrasonic piezoelectric inserts of EMS Steel Tip A, EMS Peek, and IS-TiP-STS-3E© in reducing peri-implant bacterial load without compromising the surface of implants during professional oral hygiene in the follow-up. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirteen implants were examined (Winsix, Biosafin, Ancona, Italy). The implants were divided into five groups and analyzed with a SEM microscope and microbiological analysis to evaluate the possible modification of structure and the bacterial load reduction. RESULTS The control and A, B, and C test groups were initially contaminated in vitro with Streptococcus mutans. Subsequently, the A, B, and C test groups were treated by an only expert operator in standard conditions. Test groups A, B, and C were inoculated for 3 hr and, furthermore, microbiologically analyzed. CONCLUSION The gold standard of an implant maintenance is a significant reduction of the bacterial load without becoming aggressive. According to our results, despite the limitations of the study, the authors recommend the least aggressive IS-TiP-STS-3E© , but combined with an antimicrobial agent to reduce the bacterial load, because the IS-TiP-STS-3E© did not show appreciable results versus the EMS Peek in reducing the bacterial load.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Polizzi
- Department of Dentistry, IRCCS San Raffaele HospitalVita Salute UniversityMilanItaly
| | - Bianca D'orto
- Department of Dentistry, IRCCS San Raffaele HospitalVita Salute UniversityMilanItaly
| | | | - Giulia Tetè
- Department of Dentistry, IRCCS San Raffaele HospitalVita Salute UniversityMilanItaly
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Yin S, Sun N, Jiang F, Lu Y, Yang G, Wu X, Lin S, Zhang W, Jiang X. The Translation from In Vitro Bioactive Ion Concentration Screening to In Vivo Application for Preventing Peri-implantitis. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:5782-5794. [PMID: 33464812 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c19698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Peri-implantitis is a typical pathological condition characterized by the destructive inflammation in the soft tissue and the progressive loss of supporting bones. As the current effective treatments and preventive measures are inconsistent and unpredictable, the use of biomaterials as carriers of bioactive ion coatings is a promising approach. However, the translation from lab to large-scale production and clinical applications is difficult due to a technology barrier. Determining the effective dosage of each ion to achieve an in vivo application of the in vitro screening is challenging. Here, we selected zinc and strontium ions to provide multiple effects on antibacterial activity and osteogenesis. The optimal coating with effective release concentrations of the two ions was obtained after the two-step screening from in vitro testing. The results showed that this type of in vivo bioactive ion usage leads to an enhanced osseointegration during the immediate implantation in a periodontitis-affected environment and prevents soft tissue inflammation and bone resorption in an inflammatory environment. The new biologically active ion screening method could verify the effectiveness of this clinical translation and its potential for large-scale production and could determine the effective dosage of each ion for a specific application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi Yin
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Advanced Dental Technology and Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Ningjia Sun
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Advanced Dental Technology and Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Fei Jiang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Advanced Dental Technology and Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Yuezhi Lu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Advanced Dental Technology and Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Guangzheng Yang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Advanced Dental Technology and Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Xiaolin Wu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Advanced Dental Technology and Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Sihan Lin
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Advanced Dental Technology and Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Wenjie Zhang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Advanced Dental Technology and Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Xinquan Jiang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Advanced Dental Technology and Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, China
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Di Tinco R, Bertani G, Pisciotta A, Bertoni L, Bertacchini J, Colombari B, Conserva E, Blasi E, Consolo U, Carnevale G. Evaluation of Antimicrobial Effect of Air-Polishing Treatments and Their Influence on Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells Seeded on Titanium Disks. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22020865. [PMID: 33467097 PMCID: PMC7830275 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental implants are one of the most frequently used treatment options for tooth replacement, and titanium is the metal of choice due to its demonstrated superiority in resisting corrosion, lack of allergic reactions and mechanical strength. Surface roughness of titanium implants favors the osseointegration process; nevertheless, its topography may provide a suitable substrate for bacterial biofilm deposition, causing peri-implantitis and leading to implant failure. Subgingival prophylaxis treatments with cleansing powders aimed to remove the bacterial accumulation are under investigation. Two different air-polishing powders—glycine and tagatose—were assayed for their cleaning and antimicrobial potential against a Pseudomonas biofilm and for their effects on human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs), seeded on sandblasted titanium disks. Immunofluorescence analyses were carried out to evaluate cell adhesion, proliferation, stemness and osteogenic differentiation. The results demonstrate that both the powders have a great in vitro cleaning potential in the early period and do not show any negative effects during hDPSCs osteogenic differentiation process, suggesting their suitability for enhancing the biocompatibility of titanium implants. Our data suggest that the evaluated cleansing systems reduce microbial contamination and allow us to propose tagatose as an adequate alternative to the gold standard glycine for the air-polishing prophylaxis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosanna Di Tinco
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (R.D.T.); (G.B.); (A.P.); (L.B.); (J.B.); (B.C.); (E.C.); (E.B.); (U.C.)
| | - Giulia Bertani
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (R.D.T.); (G.B.); (A.P.); (L.B.); (J.B.); (B.C.); (E.C.); (E.B.); (U.C.)
| | - Alessandra Pisciotta
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (R.D.T.); (G.B.); (A.P.); (L.B.); (J.B.); (B.C.); (E.C.); (E.B.); (U.C.)
| | - Laura Bertoni
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (R.D.T.); (G.B.); (A.P.); (L.B.); (J.B.); (B.C.); (E.C.); (E.B.); (U.C.)
| | - Jessika Bertacchini
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (R.D.T.); (G.B.); (A.P.); (L.B.); (J.B.); (B.C.); (E.C.); (E.B.); (U.C.)
| | - Bruna Colombari
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (R.D.T.); (G.B.); (A.P.); (L.B.); (J.B.); (B.C.); (E.C.); (E.B.); (U.C.)
| | - Enrico Conserva
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (R.D.T.); (G.B.); (A.P.); (L.B.); (J.B.); (B.C.); (E.C.); (E.B.); (U.C.)
- Operative Unit of Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department Integrated Activity-Specialist Surgeries, University-Hospital of Modena, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Blasi
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (R.D.T.); (G.B.); (A.P.); (L.B.); (J.B.); (B.C.); (E.C.); (E.B.); (U.C.)
| | - Ugo Consolo
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (R.D.T.); (G.B.); (A.P.); (L.B.); (J.B.); (B.C.); (E.C.); (E.B.); (U.C.)
- Operative Unit of Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department Integrated Activity-Specialist Surgeries, University-Hospital of Modena, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Gianluca Carnevale
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (R.D.T.); (G.B.); (A.P.); (L.B.); (J.B.); (B.C.); (E.C.); (E.B.); (U.C.)
- Correspondence:
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Vyas N, Sammons RL, Kuehne SA, Johansson C, Stenport V, Wang QX, Walmsley AD. The effect of standoff distance and surface roughness on biofilm disruption using cavitation. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0236428. [PMID: 32730291 PMCID: PMC7392287 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0236428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Effective biofilm removal from surfaces in the mouth is a clinical challenge. Cavitation bubbles generated around a dental ultrasonic scaler are being investigated as a method to remove biofilms effectively. It is not known how parameters such as surface roughness and instrument distance from biofilm affect the removal. We grew Strepotococcus sanguinis biofilms on coverslips and titanium discs with varying surface roughness (between 0.02-3.15 μm). Experimental studies were carried out for the biofilm removal using high speed imaging and image analysis to calculate the area of biofilm removed at varying ultrasonic scaler standoff distances from the biofilm. We found that surface roughness up to 2 μm does not adversely affect biofilm removal but a surface roughness of 3 μm caused less biofilm removal. The standoff distance also has different effects depending on the surface roughness but overall a distance of 1 mm is just as effective as a distance of 0.5 mm. The results show significant biofilm removal due to an ultrasonic scaler tip operating for only 2s versus 15-60s in previous studies. The technique developed for high speed imaging and image analysis of biofilm removal can be used to investigate physical biofilm disruption from biomaterial surfaces in other fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. Vyas
- School of Dentistry, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - R. L. Sammons
- School of Dentistry, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - S. A. Kuehne
- School of Dentistry, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - C. Johansson
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry/Dental Materials Science, Institute of Odontology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - V. Stenport
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry/Dental Materials Science, Institute of Odontology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Q. X. Wang
- School of Mathematics, College of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - A. D. Walmsley
- School of Dentistry, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
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Souza JGS, Bertolini M, Costa RC, Cordeiro JM, Nagay BE, de Almeida AB, Retamal-Valdes B, Nociti FH, Feres M, Rangel EC, Barão VAR. Targeting Pathogenic Biofilms: Newly Developed Superhydrophobic Coating Favors a Host-Compatible Microbial Profile on the Titanium Surface. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2020; 12:10118-10129. [PMID: 32049483 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b22741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Polymicrobial infections are one of the most common reasons for inflammation of surrounding tissues and failure of implanted biomaterials. Because microorganism adhesion is the first step for biofilm formation, physical-chemical modifications of biomaterials have been proposed to reduce the initial microbial attachment. Thus, the use of superhydrophobic coatings has emerged because of their anti-biofilm properties. However, these coatings on the titanium (Ti) surface have been developed mainly by dual-step surface modification techniques and have not been tested using polymicrobial biofilms. Therefore, we developed a one-step superhydrophobic coating on the Ti surface by using a low-pressure plasma technology to create a biocompatible coating that reduces polymicrobial biofilm adhesion and formation. The superhydrophobic coating on Ti was created by the glow discharge plasma using Ar, O2, and hexamethyldisiloxane gases, and after full physical, chemical, and biological characterizations, we evaluated its properties regarding oral biofilm inhibition. The newly developed coating presented an increased surface roughness and, consequently, superhydrophobicity (contact angle over 150°) and enhanced corrosion resistance (p < 0.05) of the Ti surface. Furthermore, proteomic analysis showed a unique pattern of protein adsorption on the superhydrophobic coating without drastically changing the biologic processes mediated by proteins. Additionally, superhydrophobic treatment did not present a cytotoxic effect on fibroblasts or reduction of proliferation; however, it significantly reduced (≈8-fold change) polymicrobial adhesion (bacterial and fungal) and biofilm formation in vitro. Interestingly, superhydrophobic coating shifted the microbiological profile of biofilms formed in situ in the oral cavity, reducing by up to ≈7 fold pathogens associated with the peri-implant disease. Thus, this new superhydrophobic coating developed by a one-step glow discharge plasma technique is a promising biocompatible strategy to drastically reduce microbial adhesion and biofilm formation on Ti-based biomedical implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- João G S Souza
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), 901 Limeira Avenue, Piracicaba, São Paulo 13414-903, Brazil
| | - Martinna Bertolini
- Department of Oral Health and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Connecticut Health Center, 263 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, Connecticut 06030, United States
| | - Raphael C Costa
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), 901 Limeira Avenue, Piracicaba, São Paulo 13414-903, Brazil
| | - Jairo M Cordeiro
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), 901 Limeira Avenue, Piracicaba, São Paulo 13414-903, Brazil
| | - Bruna E Nagay
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), 901 Limeira Avenue, Piracicaba, São Paulo 13414-903, Brazil
| | - Amanda B de Almeida
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), 901 Limeira Avenue, Piracicaba, São Paulo 13414-903, Brazil
| | - Belén Retamal-Valdes
- Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, 88 Eng. Prestes Maia Street, Guarulhos, São Paulo 07023-070, Brazil
| | - Francisco H Nociti
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), 901 Limeira Avenue, Piracicaba, São Paulo 13414-903, Brazil
| | - Magda Feres
- Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, 88 Eng. Prestes Maia Street, Guarulhos, São Paulo 07023-070, Brazil
| | - Elidiane C Rangel
- Laboratory of Technological Plasmas, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), 511 Três de Março Avenue, Sorocaba, São Paulo 18087-180, Brazil
| | - Valentim A R Barão
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), 901 Limeira Avenue, Piracicaba, São Paulo 13414-903, Brazil
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30
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Alves de Sousa C, Conforte JJ, Caiaffa KS, Duque C, Assunção WG. Sealing agent reduces formation of single and dual-species biofilms of Candida albicans and Enterococcus faecalis on screw joints at the abutment/implant interface. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0223148. [PMID: 31639129 PMCID: PMC6804967 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0223148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this research was to evaluate the efficacy of a commercial sealing agent at the abutment/implant interface against microleakage of single and dual-species biofilms of Candida albicans and Enterococcus faecalis into external hexagon (EH) and Morse taper (MT) prosthetic connections. A total of 216 samples of implants and their abutments were tested. Six groups (n = 36) were evaluated based on biofilm and period of incubation (7 and 14 days). The implant connections EH and MT (n = 18) were divided according to the use of the material (n = 9) (EH-T and MT-T: with the sealing agent; EH-C and MT-C: control). The biofilms were analyzed by microbial counting (CFU/mL) and SEM analysis and photographs of the material in the screw joints were also taken. Data were analyzed by Student t test, two-way ANOVA and Bonferroni test. For the single-species biofilms, there was a significant reduction in the growth of E. faecalis when compared MT-C and MT-T or EH-C and EH-T at 7 and 14 days. The same was observed for C. albicans biofilms. For dual-species biofilms of E. faecalis and C. albicans, the sealing agent was more effective in preventing microbial infiltration into the MT connection at 14 days, while microbial infiltration did not occur into EH connections even in absence of the sealing agent for both periods of evaluation. Overall, these data suggest that the presence of the sealing agent reduces or eliminates the microleakage of E. faecalis and C. albicans biofilms into the implants regardless of the period of incubation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecília Alves de Sousa
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontic, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| | - Jadison Junio Conforte
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontic, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Karina Sampaio Caiaffa
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Public Health, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Duque
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Public Health, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Wirley Gonçalves Assunção
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Public Health, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
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Ingendoh‐Tsakmakidis A, Mikolai C, Winkel A, Szafrański SP, Falk CS, Rossi A, Walles H, Stiesch M. Commensal and pathogenic biofilms differently modulate peri-implant oral mucosa in an organotypic model. Cell Microbiol 2019; 21:e13078. [PMID: 31270923 PMCID: PMC6771885 DOI: 10.1111/cmi.13078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The impact of oral commensal and pathogenic bacteria on peri-implant mucosa is not well understood, despite the high prevalence of peri-implant infections. Hence, we investigated responses of the peri-implant mucosa to Streptococcus oralis or Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans biofilms using a novel in vitro peri-implant mucosa-biofilm model. Our 3D model combined three components, organotypic oral mucosa, implant material, and oral biofilm, with structural assembly close to native situation. S. oralis induced a protective stress response in the peri-implant mucosa through upregulation of heat shock protein (HSP70) genes. Attenuated inflammatory response was indicated by reduced cytokine levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (CXCL8), and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (CCL2). The inflammatory balance was preserved through increased levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). A. actinomycetemcomitans induced downregulation of genes important for cell survival and host inflammatory response. The reduced cytokine levels of chemokine ligand 1 (CXCL1), CXCL8, and CCL2 also indicated a diminished inflammatory response. The induced immune balance by S. oralis may support oral health, whereas the reduced inflammatory response to A. actinomycetemcomitans may provide colonisation advantage and facilitate later tissue invasion. The comprehensive characterisation of peri-implant mucosa-biofilm interactions using our 3D model can provide new knowledge to improve strategies for prevention and therapy of peri-implant disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carina Mikolai
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Biomedical Materials ScienceHannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany
| | - Andreas Winkel
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Biomedical Materials ScienceHannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany
| | - Szymon P. Szafrański
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Biomedical Materials ScienceHannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany
| | - Christine S. Falk
- Institute of Transplant ImmunologyHannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany
| | - Angela Rossi
- Translational Center for Regenerative TherapiesFraunhofer Institute of Silicate Research ISCWürzburgGermany
| | - Heike Walles
- Translational Center for Regenerative TherapiesFraunhofer Institute of Silicate Research ISCWürzburgGermany
- Chair of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative MedicineUniversity Hospital of WürzburgWürzburgGermany
| | - Meike Stiesch
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Biomedical Materials ScienceHannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany
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32
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Moraes C, Bruna CQM, de Lion Botero Couto Lope C, Graziano KU. Research: Recovery of Microorganisms in Nonsterile, Reusable, Loaned Orthopedic Implants. Biomed Instrum Technol 2019; 53:351-354. [PMID: 31524514 DOI: 10.2345/0899-8205-53.5.351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Currently, there are two orthopedic implant types: (1) Sterile implants (e.g., joint prostheses) are distributed in a ready-for-use sterile fashion, and (2) nonsterile implants (e.g., plates, screws, Schanz pins, intramedullary rods) are processed by a healthcare facility's central sterile service department (CSSD). The current study evaluated processed implants for presence of coagulase-negative staphylococci, which was observed in 30% of the cortical screws, spongy screws, and Schanz pins (37 total samples) processed by a CSSD. Some samples were resistant to antimicrobial agents, thereby demonstrating that risk exists in the current methods used in the processing of nonsterile implants. Also of important note, nonsterile implants are commonly loaned worldwide. Loaned implantable materials should not be processed in the same manner as materials routinely prepared in the CSSD, as it is not possible to know the quality of the cleaning performed before the materials are returned to the loaning company. It is not uncommon for hospitals to receive loaned materials with organic residues.
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Ren X, van der Mei HC, Ren Y, Busscher HJ. Keratinocytes protect soft-tissue integration of dental implant materials against bacterial challenges in a 3D-tissue infection model. Acta Biomater 2019; 96:237-246. [PMID: 31302293 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The soft-tissue seal around dental implants protects the osseo-integrated screw against bacterial challenges. Surface properties of the implant material are crucial for implant survival against bacterial challenges, but there is no adequate in vitro model mimicking the soft-tissue seal around dental implants. Here, we set up a 3D-tissue model of the soft-tissue seal, in order to establish the roles of oral keratinocytes, gingival fibroblasts and materials surface properties in the protective seal. To this end, keratinocytes were grown on membrane filters in a transwell system, while fibroblasts were adhering to TiO2 surfaces underneath the membrane. In absence of keratinocytes on the membrane, fibroblasts growing on the TiO2 surface could not withstand challenges by commensal streptococci or pathogenic staphylococci. Keratinocytes growing on the membrane filters could withstand bacterial challenges, but tight junctions widened to allow invasion of bacteria to the underlying fibroblast layer in lower numbers than in absence of keratinocytes. The challenge of this bacterial invasion to the fibroblast layer on the TiO2 surface negatively affected tissue integration of the surface, demonstrating the protective barrier role of keratinocytes. Streptococci caused less damage to fibroblasts than staphylococci. Importantly, the protection offered by the soft-tissue seal appeared sensitive to surface properties of the implant material. Integration by fibroblasts of a hydrophobic silicone rubber surface was affected more upon bacterial challenges than integration of more hydrophilic hydroxyapatite or TiO2 surfaces. This differential response to different surface-chemistries makes the 3D-tissue infection model presented a useful tool in the development of new infection-resistant dental implant materials. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Failure rates of dental implants due to infection are surprisingly low, considering their functioning in the highly un-sterile oral cavity. This is attributed to the soft-tissue seal, protecting the osseo-integrated implant part against bacterial invasion. The seal consists of a layer of keratinocytes covering gingival fibroblasts, integrating the implant. Implant failure involves high patient discomfort and costs of replacing an infected implant, which necessitates development of improved, infection-resistant dental implant materials. New materials are often evaluated in mono-culture, examining bacterial adhesion or tissue interactions separately and neglecting the 3D-structure of the tissue seal. A 3D-tissue model allows to study new materials in a more relevant way, in which interactions between keratinocytes, gingival fibroblast, bacteria and materials surfaces are accounted for.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiang Ren
- University of Groningen and University Medical Center of Groningen, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Henny C van der Mei
- University of Groningen and University Medical Center of Groningen, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Yijin Ren
- University of Groningen and University Medical Center of Groningen, Department of Orthodontics, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Henk J Busscher
- University of Groningen and University Medical Center of Groningen, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
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Mikhalchenko D, Poroyskiy S, Makedonova Y. [STRESS AS A PREDICTOR OF PERI-IMPLANTITIS DEVELOPMENT (REWIEV)]. Georgian Med News 2019:46-50. [PMID: 31687948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In the era of modern technology is becoming increasingly popular implantation. This method is one of the leading methods in prosthetics of dental patients. Implantation solves a number of problems both aesthetic and functional. However, the percentage of complications, such as peri-implantitis and mucositis, leading to a violation of the chewing function of the dentition, is steadily increasing. To date, the etiology and pathogenesis of post-implantation complications have not been definitively clarified. One of the leading predictors is psychoemotional stress. On the basis of the literature analysis method to study stress, its impact on the development of periimplantitis, is laser Doppler flowmetry, allows you to quickly assess the state of microcirculation of the oral cavity at the stage of diagnosis, prior to the commencement of pharmacotherapy and in the dynamics of treatment and to adjust treatment regimen to prevent postoperative complications. The obtained LDF-grams allow to reflect the state of the regulatory systems of the body, and therefore it is possible to use LDF for the diagnosis of psychological stress.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - S Poroyskiy
- 1Volgograd State Medical University; 2Volgograd Medical Scientific Center, Russia
| | - Y Makedonova
- 1Volgograd State Medical University; 2Volgograd Medical Scientific Center, Russia
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35
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Astasov-Frauenhoffer M, Koegel S, Waltimo T, Zimmermann A, Walker C, Hauser-Gerspach I, Jung C. Antimicrobial efficacy of copper-doped titanium surfaces for dental implants. J Mater Sci Mater Med 2019; 30:84. [PMID: 31292785 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-019-6286-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Revised: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/29/2019] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this in vitro study was to quantify the antibacterial effect of a copper-deposited titanium surface as a model for dental implants on the peri-implantitis-associated strain Porphyromonas gingivalis (DSM 20709). A spark-assisted anodization method in a combined deposition-anodization process was applied to deposit copper on discs made of titanium. This method allows the deposition of different concentrations of copper on the surface by varying the process time. Conventional culturing was used to investigate the adhesion of P. gingivalis onto the discs over 2, 4, and 6 h as well as to study the antibacterial effect of copper released in solution. The viability of the bacterial cells is strongly inhibited on copper-deposited discs and reaches a CFU reduction of 3 log-units after 6 h in comparison to the reference. The copper released in solution causes a reduction of 4 log-units after a 6 h incubation time. With a 6 h incubation time, the CFU count decreases with increasing copper concentrations on the disc (by 2% for the 1.3 µg/disc; 32% for the 5.6 µg/disc; and 34% for the 9.5 µg/disc). However, at a higher copper concentration of 17.7 µg/disc, after 6 h, the decrease in the CFU count is less pronounced than that observed in solution, where a further decrease is observed. In conclusion, copper-functionalized titanium significantly reduces the survival of adhered bacteria and decreases the viable bacterial count in the environment surrounding the titanium. Thus, the area surrounding implants is being protected by copper released from the surface, forming a "safe zone" for improved implant healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Astasov-Frauenhoffer
- Department of Oral Health & Medicine, University Center for Dental Medicine, University of Basel, Hebelstrasse 3, 4056, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Sally Koegel
- Department of Oral Health & Medicine, University Center for Dental Medicine, University of Basel, Hebelstrasse 3, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Tuomas Waltimo
- Department of Oral Health & Medicine, University Center for Dental Medicine, University of Basel, Hebelstrasse 3, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Zimmermann
- KKS Ultraschall AG, Medical Surface Center, Frauholzring 29, 6422, Steinen, Switzerland
| | - Cyril Walker
- KKS Ultraschall AG, Medical Surface Center, Frauholzring 29, 6422, Steinen, Switzerland
| | - Irmgard Hauser-Gerspach
- Department of Oral Health & Medicine, University Center for Dental Medicine, University of Basel, Hebelstrasse 3, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christiane Jung
- KKS Ultraschall AG, Medical Surface Center, Frauholzring 29, 6422, Steinen, Switzerland.
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Candotto V, Gabrione F, Oberti L, Lento D, Severino M. The role of implant-abutment connection in preventing bacterial leakage: a review. J BIOL REG HOMEOS AG 2019; 33:129-134. DENTAL SUPPLEMENT. [PMID: 31538459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Osseointegration can be affected by oral conditions; in particular, the micro gap at the implantabutment-connection (IAC) represents a site for dental plaque aggregation favoring bacterial leakage that can increase inflammatory cells at the level of the IAC, causing peri-implantitis. This micro gap, once early colonized, may constitute a bacterial reservoir that could subsequently contaminate fixture's surroundings and interfere with peri-implant tissues health. The aim of this review is to describe, according to the most recent literature, the different kind of implant-abutment connection and their ability to reduce bacterial leakage and thus preventing peri-implantitis. The following database were consulted: Pubmed (n=26), Scopus (n=90), Research gate (n=7) and 123 articles were found. Duplicates were excluded and after reading abstract and titles, those articles that were off topic were also excluded. The remaining ones (n=24) were assessed for full-text eligibility. We excluded 5 articles because they were case reports, 2 because there was no clear reference to the relationship between IAC and bacterial leakage and 2 because they were not pertinent to the argument. Fifteen articles were included in the review. From the review, it is clear that a relationship between the IAC and bacterial leakage exists. All the connections presented an amount of micro-gap and bacterial micro-leakage but conical and mixed connection systems seem to behave better. Moreover, both connections seem to have a better load distribution and the mixed one has anti-rotational properties, very useful during the positioning of the prosthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Candotto
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - D Lento
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - M Severino
- Department of Life, University of Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
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37
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Oberti L, Gabrione F, Greco G, Severino M. Efficacy of a new chemical device to minimize microbial contamination along implant-abutment connection: an in vitro study. J BIOL REG HOMEOS AG 2019; 33:161-167. DENTAL SUPPLEMENT. [PMID: 31538463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Osseointegrated dental implants showed elevated success rates on the long-term treatment in the last ten years. However, the risk of peri-implantitis and implant failure is the main complication of implantology. The presence of a micro gap at the implant-abutment connection (IAC) allows microorganisms to penetrate and colonize the inner part of the implant leading to biofilm accumulation and consequently to peri-implantitis development. Some chemical devices (CD) has been studied to reduce bacterial penetration at IAC level but no one have been demonstrated to be effective for this purpose. Aim of the present study is to evaluate the effectiveness of a new chemical formulation STCX-1, placed in the internal part of dental implants for killing bacteria present in the IAC. To identify the antibacterial power of SXTC-1 at interface between implant-abutment connection, the passage of genetically modified Escherichia coli across IAC was evaluated. A total of eight implants were used (Edierre Implant System, Edierre SpA, Genova, Italy). The inner side of four out of the eight implants were firstly contaminated with few microliters of pure bacteria, subsequently were treated with SXTC-1 for few second and finally, the antibacterial was replaced with Lysogeny Broth (LB) and antibiotics without bacteria. The remaining four implants were not treated with SXTC-1 and just filled with LB with antibiotics. Bacteria viability was determined by measuring their Optical Density (OD) at 600nm. The analysis revealed that, in untreated implants, bacteria grew (internally and externally) for the first 48 hours, but subsequently they started to dye. In treated implants, instead, bacteria grew just in the space surrounding the device suggesting that, even if bacteria were able to get into, they immediately died thanks to the presence of SXTC-1. The STCX-1 liquid formulation have been demonstrated to be an adjuvant CD effective for prevention of of bacterial colonization at IAC level.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - G Greco
- Private practice, Milan, Italy
| | - M Severino
- Department of Life, University of Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
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38
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Vyas N, Manmi K, Wang Q, Jadhav AJ, Barigou M, Sammons RL, Kuehne SA, Walmsley AD. Which Parameters Affect Biofilm Removal with Acoustic Cavitation? A Review. Ultrasound Med Biol 2019; 45:1044-1055. [PMID: 30792088 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2019.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Revised: 01/01/2019] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial biofilms are a cause of contamination in a wide range of medical and biological areas. Ultrasound is a mechanical energy that can remove these biofilms using cavitation and acoustic streaming, which generate shear forces to disrupt biofilm from a surface. The aim of this narrative review is to investigate the literature on the mechanical removal of biofilm using acoustic cavitation to identify the different operating parameters affecting its removal using this method. The properties of the liquid and the properties of the ultrasound have a large impact on the type of cavitation generated. These include gas content, temperature, surface tension, frequency of ultrasound and acoustic pressure. For many of these parameters, more research is required to understand their mechanisms in the area of ultrasonic biofilm removal, and further research will help to optimise this method for effective removal of biofilms from different surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Vyas
- School of Dentistry, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Kawa Manmi
- School of Mathematics, College of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Qianxi Wang
- School of Mathematics, College of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Ananda J Jadhav
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Mostafa Barigou
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Rachel L Sammons
- School of Dentistry, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah A Kuehne
- School of Dentistry, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - A Damien Walmsley
- School of Dentistry, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.
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Eggert FM, Levin L. Biology of teeth and implants: Host factors - pathology, regeneration, and the role of stem cells. Quintessence Int 2019; 49:497-509. [PMID: 29756133 DOI: 10.3290/j.qi.a40289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
In chronic periodontitis and peri-implantitis, cells of the innate and adaptive immune systems are involved directly in the lesions within the tissues of the patient. Absence of a periodontal ligament around implants does not prevent a biologic process similar to that of periodontitis from affecting osseointegration. Our first focus is on factors in the biology of individuals that are responsible for the susceptibility of such individuals to chronic periodontitis and to peri-implantitis. Genetic factors are of significant importance in susceptibility to these diseases. Genetic factors of the host affect the composition of the oral microbiome in the same manner that they influence other microbiomes, such as those of the intestines and of the lungs. Our second focus is on the central role of stem cells in tissue regeneration, in the functioning of innate and adaptive immune systems, and in metabolism of bone. Epithelial cell rests of Malassez (ERM) are stem cells of epithelial origin that maintain the periodontal ligament as well as the cementum and alveolar bone associated with the ligament. The tissue niche within which ERM are found extends into the supracrestal areas of collagen fiber-containing tissues of the gingivae above the bony alveolar crest. Maintenance and regeneration of all periodontal tissues involves the activity of a variety of stem cells. The success of dental implants indicates that important groups of stem cells in the periodontium are active to enable that biologic success. Successful replantation of avulsed teeth and auto-transplantation of teeth is comparable to placing dental implants, and so must also involve periodontal stem cells. Biology of teeth and biology of implants represents the biology of the various stem cells that inhabit specialized niches within the periodontal tissues. Diverse biologic processes must function together successfully to maintain periodontal health. Osseointegration of dental implants does not involve formation of cementum or collagen fibers inserted into cementum - indicating that some stem cells are not active around dental implants or their niches are not available. Investigation of these similarities and differences between teeth and implants will help to develop a better understanding of the biology and physiologic functioning of the periodontium.
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Pacha-Olivenza MÁ, Tejero R, Fernández-Calderón MC, Anitua E, Troya M, González-Martín ML. Relevance of Topographic Parameters on the Adhesion and Proliferation of Human Gingival Fibroblasts and Oral Bacterial Strains. Biomed Res Int 2019; 2019:8456342. [PMID: 30956987 PMCID: PMC6431371 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8456342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 01/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Dental implantology allows replacement of failing teeth providing the patient with a general improvement of health. Unfortunately not all reconstructions succeed, as a consequence of the development of infections of bacterial origin on the implant surface. Surface topography is known to modulate a differential response to bacterial and mammalian cells but topographical measurements are often limited to vertical parameters. In this work we have extended the topographical measurements also to lateral and hybrid parameters of the five most representative implant and prosthetic component surfaces and correlated the results with bacterial and mammalian cell adhesion and proliferation outcomes. Primary human oral gingival fibroblast (gum cells) and the bacterial strains: Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sanguinis and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, implicated in infectious processes in the oral/implant environment were employed in the presence or absence of human saliva. The results confirm that even though not all the measured surface is available for bacteria to adhere, the overall race for the surface between cells and bacteria is more favourable to the smoother surfaces (nitrided, as machined or lightly acid etched) than to the rougher ones (strong acid etched or sandblasted/acid etched).
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Ángel Pacha-Olivenza
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Extremadura, Avda de Elvas s/n, 06006 Badajoz, Spain
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Avda de Elvas s/n, 06006 Badajoz, Spain
| | | | - María Coronada Fernández-Calderón
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Extremadura, Avda de Elvas s/n, 06006 Badajoz, Spain
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Avda de Elvas s/n, 06006 Badajoz, Spain
| | - Eduardo Anitua
- Private Practice in Implantology and Oral Rehabilitation, 01007 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - María Troya
- BTI Biotechnology Institute IMASD, 01510 Miñano, Spain
| | - M. Luisa González-Martín
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Avda de Elvas s/n, 06006 Badajoz, Spain
- Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Extremadura, Avda de Elvas s/n, 06006 Badajoz, Spain
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Shah FA. Micro-Raman Spectroscopy Reveals the Presence of Octacalcium Phosphate and Whitlockite in Association with Bacteria-Free Zones Within the Mineralized Dental Biofilm. Microsc Microanal 2019; 25:129-134. [PMID: 30712523 DOI: 10.1017/s1431927618015659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Through a correlative analytical approach encompassing backscattered electron scanning electron microscopy (BSE-SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and micro-Raman spectroscopy, the composition of the mineralized biofilm around a dental implant, retrieved due to peri-implantitis, was investigated. The mineralized biofilm contains two morphologically distinct regions: (i) bacteria-containing zones (Bact+), characterized by aggregations of unmineralized and mineralized bacteria, and intermicrobial mineralization, and (ii) bacteria-free zones (Bact-), comprised mainly of randomly oriented mineral platelets. Intramicrobial mineralization, within Bact+, appears as smooth, solid mineral deposits resembling the morphologies of dental plaque bacteria. Bact- is associated with micrometer-sized Mg-rich mineral nodules. The Ca/P ratio of Bact+ is higher than Bact-. The inorganic phase of Bact+ is carbonated apatite (CHAp), while that of Bact- is predominantly octacalcium phosphate (OCP) and whitlockite (WL) inclusions. Compared with native bone, the inorganic phase of Bact+ (i.e., CHAp) exhibits higher mineral crystallinity, lower carbonate content, and lower Ca/P, C/Ca, Mg/Ca, and Mg/P ratios. The various CaPs found within the mineralized dental biofilm (CHAp, OCP, and WL) are related to the local presence/absence of bacteria. In combination with BSE-SEM and EDX, micro-Raman spectroscopy is a valuable analytical tool for nondestructive investigation of mineralized dental biofilm composition and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Furqan A Shah
- Department of Biomaterials, Sahlgrenska Academy,University of Gothenburg,Göteborg,Sweden
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Pistilli R, Genova T, Canullo L, Faga MG, Terlizzi ME, Gribaudo G, Mussano F. Effect of Bioactivation on Traditional Surfaces and Zirconium Nitride: Adhesion and Proliferation of Preosteoblastic Cells and Bacteria. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 2018; 33:1247-1254. [PMID: 30427955 DOI: 10.11607/jomi.6654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this vitro study was to reproduce and evaluate the response of bone and bacteria to traditional and innovative implant surfaces with difference wettability. MATERIALS AND METHODS Two hundred fifty-two samples made of grade 4 titanium with different coating (machined [MAC]; double-etched, Ti-AE; zirconium nitride [Ti-ZrN]) were used for this in vitro study. Disks were divided into test (bioactivated using plasma of argon) and control group (untreated). To assess the surface morphology of the specimens, representative images were acquired via scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Murine preosteoblasts (MC3T3-E1) were used to study the biologic response in vitro, while the quantification of protein adsorption was achieved through the incubation of the titanium samples in a 2% solution of fetal bovine serum (FBS) in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). The sterilized titanium disks were then colonized by bacterial species from a single sputum sample obtained from a healthy volunteer. For every analysis, 24 disks were used (12 for each group). RESULTS SEM and topographic analyses demonstrated a Sa value of 0.33 (Ti-ZrN), 0.34 (MAC), and 0.62 (Ti-AE). Compared with the control groups, plasma treatment significantly increased the protein adsorption level on all the different titanium surfaces (5.88 ± 0.21 vs 7.85 ± 0.21, 7.13 ± 0.14 vs 9.74 ± 0.65, 4.41 ± 0.62 vs 6.13 ± 0.52, respectively, for MAC, Ti-treated, and Ti-ZrN). Similar behavior was described for cell adhesion (27.67 ± 2.03 vs 58.00 ± 20.13, 116.67 ± 12.02 vs 159.33 ± 8.09, 52.00 ± 4.73 vs 78.33 ± 4.67, respectively, for MAC, Ti-treated, and Ti-ZrN). Plasma treatment significantly augmented the number of CFU only in MAC and ZrN samples. CONCLUSION With the limitations of this in vitro study, the following conclusions could be drawn: (1) rough implant surfaces present a higher adhesion and proliferation of preosteoblastic cells and bacterial biofilm; (2) rough implant surfaces benefited the most by the plasma of argon treatment.
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Vilarrasa J, Delgado LM, Galofré M, Àlvarez G, Violant D, Manero JM, Blanc V, Gil FJ, Nart J. In vitro evaluation of a multispecies oral biofilm over antibacterial coated titanium surfaces. J Mater Sci Mater Med 2018; 29:164. [PMID: 30392142 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-018-6168-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Peri-implantitis is an infectious disease that affects the supporting soft and hard tissues around dental implants and its prevalence is increasing considerably. The development of antibacterial strategies, such as titanium antibacterial-coated surfaces, may be a promising strategy to prevent the onset and progression of peri-implantitis. The aim of this study was to quantify the biofilm adhesion and bacterial cell viability over titanium disc with or without antibacterial surface treatment. Five bacterial strains were used to develop a multispecies oral biofilm. The selected species represent initial (Streptococcus oralis and Actinomyces viscosus), early (Veillonella parvula), secondary (Fusobacterium nucleatum) and late (Porphyromonas gingivalis) colonizers. Bacteria were sequentially inoculated over seven different types of titanium surfaces, combining different roughness level and antibacterial coatings: silver nanoparticles and TESPSA silanization. Biofilm formation, cellular viability and bacterial quantification over each surface were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy, confocal microscopy and real time PCR. Biofilm formation over titanium surfaces with different bacterial morphologies could be observed. TESPSA was able to significantly reduce the cellular viability when compared to all the surfaces (p < 0.05). Silver deposition on titanium surface did not show improved results in terms of biofilm adhesion and cellular viability when compared to its corresponding non-coated surface. The total amount of bacterial biofilm did not significantly differ between groups (p > 0.05). TESPSA was able to reduce biofilm adhesion and cellular viability. However, silver deposition on titanium surface seemed not to confer these antibacterial properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javi Vilarrasa
- Department of Periodontology Faculty of Dentistry, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Av. Josep Trueta s/n, Sant Cugat del Vallés, 08195, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Luis M Delgado
- Bioengineering Institute of Technology, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Av. Josep Trueta s/n, Sant Cugat del Vallés, 08195, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Galofré
- Department of Periodontology Faculty of Dentistry, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Av. Josep Trueta s/n, Sant Cugat del Vallés, 08195, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gerard Àlvarez
- Department of Microbiology, Dentaid Research Center, Dentaid S.L., Ronda Can Fatjò 10, Parc Tecnològic del Vallès, 08290, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Deborah Violant
- Faculty of Dentistry, Universitat Internacional de Cataluny, Av. Josep Trueta s/n, Sant Cugat del Vallés, 08195, Barcelona, Spain
| | - José María Manero
- Biomaterials, Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering Group (BBT), Department of Materials Science and Metallurgical Engineering Technical University of Catalonia (UPC), 08019, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Vanessa Blanc
- Department of Microbiology, Dentaid Research Center, Dentaid S.L., Ronda Can Fatjò 10, Parc Tecnològic del Vallès, 08290, Barcelona, Spain
| | - F Javier Gil
- Faculty of Dentistry, Universitat Internacional de Cataluny, Av. Josep Trueta s/n, Sant Cugat del Vallés, 08195, Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Nart
- Department of Periodontology Faculty of Dentistry, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Av. Josep Trueta s/n, Sant Cugat del Vallés, 08195, Barcelona, Spain.
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Koidou VP, Argyris PP, Skoe EP, Mota Siqueira J, Chen X, Zhang L, Hinrichs JE, Costalonga M, Aparicio C. Peptide coatings enhance keratinocyte attachment towards improving the peri-implant mucosal seal. Biomater Sci 2018; 6:1936-1945. [PMID: 29850754 PMCID: PMC6019193 DOI: 10.1039/c8bm00300a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
There is a critical need for preventing peri-implantitis as its prevalence has increased and dental implants lack features to prevent it. Research strategies to prevent peri-implantitis have focused on modifying dental implants to incorporate different antimicrobial agents. An alternative strategy consists of barring the expansion of the biofilm subgingivally by forming a long-lasting permucosal seal between the soft tissue and the implant surface. Here, we innovatively biofunctionalized titanium with bioinspired peptide coatings to strengthen biological interactions between epithelial cells and the titanium surface. We selected laminin 332- and ameloblastin-derived peptides (Lam, Ambn). Laminin 332 participates in the formation of hemidesmosomes by keratinocytes and promotes epithelial attachment around teeth; and ameloblastin, an enamel derived protein, is involved in tissue regeneration events following disruption of the periodontium. Lam, Ambn or combinations of both peptides were covalently immobilized on titanium discs. Successful immobilization of the peptides was confirmed by contact angle goniometry, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and fluorescent labelling of the peptides. Additionally, we confirmed the mechanical and thermochemical stability of the peptides on Ti substrates. Proliferation and hemidesmosome formation of human keratinocytes (TERT-2/OKF-6) were assessed by immunofluorescence labelling. The peptide-coated surfaces increased cell proliferation for up to 48 h in culture compared to control surfaces. Most importantly, formation of hemidesmosomes by keratinocytes was significantly increased on surfaces coated with Ambn + Lam peptides compared to control (p < 0.01) and monopeptide coatings (p < 0.005). Together, these results support the Ambn + Lam multipeptide coating as a promising candidate for inducing a permucosal seal around dental implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasiliki P Koidou
- Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics (MDRCBB), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
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Canullo L, Genova T, Wang HL, Carossa S, Mussano F. Plasma of Argon Increases Cell Attachment and Bacterial Decontamination on Different Implant Surfaces. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 2018; 32:1315-1323. [PMID: 29140375 DOI: 10.11607/jomi.5777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This in vitro study tested the effects of argon atmospheric pressure dielectric barrier discharge (APDBD) on different implant surfaces with regard to physical changes, bacterial decontamination, and osteoblast adhesion. MATERIALS AND METHODS Seven hundred twenty disks with three different surface topographies-machined (MAC), titanium plasma-sprayed (TPS), and zirconia-blasted and acid-etched (ZRT)-were tested in this experiment. Bacterial adhesion tests were performed repeatedly on a simplified biofilm of Streptococcus mitis. Bacteria were incubated in the presence of the samples, which were subsequently either left untreated as controls or treated with APDBD for 30, 60, and 120 seconds. Samples were then metalized, prior to the recurring acquisition of images using a scanning electronic microscope (SEM). Protein adsorption, surface wettability, and early biologic response were determined for both treated (120 seconds) and untreated implant surfaces. For depicting the eukaryotic cell behavior, preosteoblastic murine cells were used. Cells were conveniently stained, and nuclei were counted. Cell viability was assessed by a chemiluminescent assay at 1, 2, and 3 days. RESULTS On all treated samples, values of the contact angle measurements were lower than 10 degrees. The untreated samples showed values of contact angle of 80, 100, and 110 degrees, respectively, for MAC, TPS, and ZRT. The protein adsorption on TPS and ZRT was significantly increased after the plasma of argon treatment. However, no significant effect was noted on the MAC disks. The number and the cell spreading area of adherent osteoblasts significantly increased in all treated surfaces. Nonetheless, argon treatment did not influence the osteoblast proliferation and viability at different time points. Bacteria adhesion was significantly reduced, even after 60 seconds of argon treatment. CONCLUSION Preliminary data showed that argon atmospheric pressure dielectric barrier discharge disinfected the implant surface, with potential to promote osteoblast attachment and spreading, suggesting this may be a possible approach to clean a peri-implantitis-contaminated implant surface.
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Canullo L, Peñarrocha M, Monje A, Catena A, Wang HL, Peñarrocha D. Association Between Clinical and Microbiologic Cluster Profiles and Peri-implantitis. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 2018; 32:1054-1064. [PMID: 28906504 DOI: 10.11607/jomi.6043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The correlation between associated local factors and peri-implantitis remains unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between the clinical and microbiologic profiles and peri-implantitis to eventually categorize different groups of this disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS Subjects with at least one implant presenting signs of peri-implantitis were selected. The clinical, radiographic, occlusal, and microbiologic profiles of these infected implants were collected. Cases were classified into five peri-implantitis groups according to potential disease-triggering factors: surgically, prosthetically, biomechanically, purely plaque-associated, and a combination of them. Generalized estimating equations models were used to study differences among the potential risk factors. Cluster analyses were applied to investigate the correlation between clinical and microbiologic profiles and diseased implant samples. RESULTS Overall, 110 diseased and 121 healthy implants were included. The biomechanically associated group showed higher levels of microbiologic contamination inside the connection; however, the plaque-associated group had a higher level of microbial variety in the peri-implant sulcus. Cluster analyses demonstrated a significant ability to predict the associated factor of peri-implantitis. Moreover, radiographic marginal bone loss and implant width demonstrated the largest influence on the model. CONCLUSION While peri-implantitis represents a plaque-induced inflammatory condition, certain local factors might be associated with this biologic complication, as they imply plaque retention. Therefore, disease classification could be further implemented with the associated surgical, prosthetic, and biomechanical factors to better target the etiology.
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Bevilacqua L, Milan A, Del Lupo V, Maglione M, Dolzani L. Biofilms Developed on Dental Implant Titanium Surfaces with Different Roughness: Comparison Between In Vitro and In Vivo Studies. Curr Microbiol 2018; 75:766-772. [PMID: 29487988 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-018-1446-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Microbial biofilms developed on dental implants play a major role in perimplantitis' pathogenesis. Many studies have indicated that surface roughness is the main feature favoring biofilm development in vitro, but its actual influence in vivo has still to be confirmed. In this study, the amount of biofilm formed on differently treated titanium surfaces, showing distinct roughness, has been examined both in vivo and in vitro by Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy. In vitro studies availed of biofilm developed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa or by salivary bacteria from volunteer donors. In vivo biofilm production was obtained by exposing titanium discs to the oral cavity of healthy volunteers. In vitro experiments showed that P. aeruginosa and, to a lesser extent, salivary bacteria produce more biomass and develop thicker biofilms on laser-treated and sandblasted titanium surfaces with respect to machined ones. In vivo experiments confirmed that bacterial colonization starts on sites of surface unevenness, but failed to disclose biomass differences among biofilms formed on surfaces with different roughness. Our study revealed that biofilm developed in vitro is more easily influenced by surface features than biofilm formed by complex communities in the mouth, where the cooperation of a variety of bacterial species and the presence of a wide range of nutrients and conditions allow bacteria to optimize substrate colonization. Therefore, quantitative differences observed in vitro among surfaces with different characteristics may not be predictive of different colonization rates in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Bevilacqua
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Piazza dell'Ospitale 1, 34125, Trieste, Italy
| | - Annalisa Milan
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, via Fleming 22, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Veronica Del Lupo
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Piazza dell'Ospitale 1, 34125, Trieste, Italy
| | - Michele Maglione
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Piazza dell'Ospitale 1, 34125, Trieste, Italy
| | - Lucilla Dolzani
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, via Fleming 22, 34127, Trieste, Italy.
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Azizi B, Budimir A, Bago I, Mehmeti B, Jakovljević S, Kelmendi J, Stanko AP, Gabrić D. Antimicrobial efficacy of photodynamic therapy and light-activated disinfection on contaminated zirconia implants: An in vitro study. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2018; 21:328-333. [PMID: 29410255 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2018.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Revised: 01/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial efficacy of photodynamic therapy (PDT) and light-activated disinfection (LAD) on zirconia dental implants contaminated with three bacterial species and investigate if the PDT and LAD cause implant surface alterations. METHODS Seventy-two zirconia dental implants were contaminated with a bacterial suspension of Prevotella intermedia, Actinomyces actinomycetemcomitans, and Porphyromonas gingivalis. The implants were subsequently randomly divided into four groups (n = 12 dental implants/each) according to the decontamination protocol: Group 1 (PDT1) - PDT (660 nm, 100 mW) with toluidine blue; Group 2 (PDT2) - PDT (660 nm, 100 mW) with phenothiazine chloride dye; Group 3 (LAD) - light emitting diode (LED) with toluidine blue; and Group 4 (TB) - toluidine blue without the application of light. Implants in the positive control (PC) group were treated with a 0.2% chlorhexidine-based solution, and implants assigned to the negative control (NC) group did not undergo any treatment. Each implant was then placed in tubes containing phosphate buffered saline (PBS) and vortexed for 60 s to remove the remaining bacteria from the implant surface. After 10-fold serial dilutions, 30 μl of the suspension was plated on Brucella agar plates. After 72 h, the colony forming units (CFU) were counted. Distinctive colonies were confirmed with MALDI Biotyper. The implants were analyzed using scanning electron microscope (SEM) to evaluate the possible surface alterations due to PDT or LAD. RESULTS All study groups had significant reductions in the number of CFUs compared with the NC (p < 0.05). PDT1, the PDT2, and the LAD groups had the largest bacterial reduction with respect to each bacterial species separately and the total bacterial count, and they were more efficient compared with the TB group (p < 0.05). SEM analysis did not reveal any alterations of the implant surface after the treatment procedures. CONCLUSION Both PDT protocols and LAD showed high and equal effectiveness in decontamination of zirconia dental implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bleron Azizi
- School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Gundulićeva 5, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ana Budimir
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Microbiology, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Kišpatićeva 12, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivona Bago
- Department of Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Gundulićeva 5, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Blerim Mehmeti
- School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Gundulićeva 5, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Suzana Jakovljević
- Department for Materials, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture, University of Zagreb, Ivana Lučića 5, 10002 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Jeta Kelmendi
- School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Gundulićeva 5, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Aleksandra Presecki Stanko
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Microbiology, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Kišpatićeva 12, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Dragana Gabrić
- Department of Oral Surgery, University Hospital Center Zagreb, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Gundulićeva 5, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia.
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Raffaini FC, Freitas AR, Silva TSO, Cavagioni T, Oliveira JF, Albuquerque Junior RF, Pedrazzi V, Ribeiro RF, do Nascimento C. Genome analysis and clinical implications of the bacterial communities in early biofilm formation on dental implants restored with titanium or zirconia abutments. Biofouling 2018; 34:173-182. [PMID: 29336173 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2017.1417396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This cross-sectional study aimed to identify and quantify up to 42 target species colonizing the early biofilm of dental implants restored with titanium or zirconia abutments. A total of 720 samples from 20 healthy individuals were investigated. Biofilm samples were collected from the peri-implant sulci, inner parts of implants, abutment surfaces and prosthetic crowns over a functioning period of 30 days. Checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization was used for microbial detection and quantitation. Clinical characteristics (probing depth, bleeding on probing, clinical attachment level and marginal bone loss) were also investigated during the monitoring period. Genome counts were low at the implant loading time point for both the abutment materials, and increased over time. Both the titanium and the zirconia groups presented similar microbial counts and diversity over time, and the microbiota was very similar to that colonizing the remaining teeth. Clinical findings were consistent with a healthy condition with no significant difference regarding marginal bone loss between the two materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flávia Correa Raffaini
- a Faculty of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics , University of São Paulo , Ribeirão Preto , Brazil
| | - Alice Ramos Freitas
- a Faculty of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics , University of São Paulo , Ribeirão Preto , Brazil
| | - Thalisson Saymo Oliveira Silva
- a Faculty of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics , University of São Paulo , Ribeirão Preto , Brazil
| | - Tarsis Cavagioni
- a Faculty of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics , University of São Paulo , Ribeirão Preto , Brazil
| | - Jessica Felix Oliveira
- a Faculty of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics , University of São Paulo , Ribeirão Preto , Brazil
| | - Rubens Ferreira Albuquerque Junior
- a Faculty of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics , University of São Paulo , Ribeirão Preto , Brazil
| | - Vinícius Pedrazzi
- a Faculty of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics , University of São Paulo , Ribeirão Preto , Brazil
| | - Ricardo Faria Ribeiro
- a Faculty of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics , University of São Paulo , Ribeirão Preto , Brazil
| | - Cássio do Nascimento
- a Faculty of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics , University of São Paulo , Ribeirão Preto , Brazil
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Tsarev VN, Stepanov AG, Ippolitov EV, Podporin MS, Tsareva TV. [Control of primary adhesion of microorganisms and formation of biofilms on stomatological materials used for transdental implantation in dental stabilizing operations.]. Klin Lab Diagn 2018; 63:568-573. [PMID: 30735324 DOI: 10.18821/0869-2084-2018-63-9-568-573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Transdental implantation is an effective way to restore the lost biomechanical properties of a resected or amputated tooth. The choice of structural materials for the implant is the most important stage of treatment, in relation to the adhesion of aggressive microbiota to them. To characterize the adhesion of microorganisms of periodontopathogenic and cariogenic groups in vitro to experimental samples of zirconium dioxide and titanium alloys using cultural and electronic microscopic methods of adhesion evaluation as the first stage of biofilm formation. Samples for the experiment were prepared in the form of a tablet of standard form, on which the test strains were applied in an amount of 106CFU/ml. After shaking the unattached cells with ultrasound, they were seeded into dense nutrient medium to determine their number. In total, 14 strains of perodontopathogenic and cariogenic groups (including 3 reference strains) were used in the experiment. Scanning electron microscopy was used to visualize the adhesion of microorganisms. The results of the adhesion test to titanium nickelide and zirconium dioxide showed a significant reduction in adhesion for all microorganism species. In all variants (with all strains) the adhesion values to titanium nickelide and zirconium dioxide were statistically significantly lower than when using samples from a traditional titanium alloy. In scanning electron microscopy, single cells of test strains of perodontopathogenic microorganisms were determined on zirconium dioxide samples, while a considerable number of cells and the initial phase of biofilm formation were observed on the compared structural materials. Zirconium dioxide can be considered as an optimal choice material for the manufacture of transdental implants, which, in terms of its technological characteristics and low adhesion characteristics of microbes, is superior to the traditionally used titanium alloys.
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Affiliation(s)
- V N Tsarev
- Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry n.a. A.I. Yevdokimov. Ministry Of Health Of Russia, 127473, Moscow, Russia
| | - A G Stepanov
- Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry n.a. A.I. Yevdokimov. Ministry Of Health Of Russia, 127473, Moscow, Russia
| | - E V Ippolitov
- Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry n.a. A.I. Yevdokimov. Ministry Of Health Of Russia, 127473, Moscow, Russia
| | - M S Podporin
- Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry n.a. A.I. Yevdokimov. Ministry Of Health Of Russia, 127473, Moscow, Russia
| | - T V Tsareva
- Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry n.a. A.I. Yevdokimov. Ministry Of Health Of Russia, 127473, Moscow, Russia
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