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Chen SY, Yu HT, Kao JP, Yang CC, Chiang SS, Mishchuk DO, Mau JL, Slupsky CM. Consumption of vitamin D2 enhanced mushrooms is associated with improved bone health. J Nutr Biochem 2015; 26:696-703. [PMID: 25792284 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2015.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2014] [Revised: 11/25/2014] [Accepted: 01/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Mushrooms are the best nonanimal food source of vitamin D2. Pulsed irradiation can enhance vitamin D2 in mushrooms quickly. We investigated the effect of supplementing high vitamin D2Pleurotus ferulae mushrooms in a mouse model of osteoporosis. Thirty-two female C57BL/6JNarl mice were divided into four groups including sham, ovariectomized (OVX), OVX+nonpulsed mushroom (NPM) and OVX+pulsed mushroom (PM). After 23 weeks of treatment, serum samples were analyzed for osteoblast and osteoclast indicators, as well as metabolites using NMR spectroscopy. To examine bone density, femurs were analyzed using micro-computed tomography. The NPM and PM treatment mice showed increased bone density in comparison with OVX mice. In addition, the PM mice showed higher osteoblast and lower osteoclast indicators in comparison with OVX mice. Serum metabolomics analysis indicated several metabolites that were different in PM mice, some of which could be correlated with bone health. Taken together, these results suggest that pulsed irradiated mushrooms are able to increase bone density in osteoporotic mice possibly through enhanced bone metabolism. Further studies in humans are needed to show their efficacy in preventing osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin-Yu Chen
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan, R.O.C.; NCHU-UCD Plant and Food Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan, R.O.C.; Agricultural Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Hui-Tzu Yu
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Ju-Po Kao
- Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chung-Chun Yang
- Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Shen-Shih Chiang
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan, R.O.C.; NCHU-UCD Plant and Food Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Darya O Mishchuk
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Jeng-Leun Mau
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan, R.O.C.; NCHU-UCD Plant and Food Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan, R.O.C..
| | - Carolyn M Slupsky
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA; Department of Nutrition, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
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Zhao M, Li Y, Xu X, Wu J, Liao X, Chen F. Degradation kinetics of malvidin-3-glucoside and malvidin-3,5-diglucoside exposed to microwave treatment. J Agric Food Chem 2013; 61:373-378. [PMID: 23249282 DOI: 10.1021/jf304410t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the factors that contribute to the degradation of bioactive compounds during microwave treatment is meaningful for the practical application of this novel technology. The influence of microwave power, energy density, temperature, pH value, and initial concentration of anthocyanins (Acys) on the degradation behavior of malvidin-3-glucoside (Mv-3-glu) and malvidin-3,5-diglucoside (Mv-3,5-diglu) was investigated in this study. Results showed that the degradation of both Acys was accelerated with the increase of microwave power, energy density, temperature, pH value, and initial concentration of Acys. The degradation process of both Acys followed the first-order kinetics model (R² > 0.94), whereas the relationship between Acys degradation and energy density fitted to the logistic model well (R² > 0.98). In addition, Mv-3-glu was more susceptible to the microwave treatment than Mv-3,5-diglu. Compared with heating in a 98 ± 2 °C water bath, both Acys degraded more rapidly under microwave treatment at 100 °C, indicating the occurrence of microwave effect. The results provide a guide for the scientific application of microwave treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyao Zhao
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, National Engineering Research Centre for Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
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Onoue S, Uchida A, Kuriyama K, Nakamura T, Seto Y, Kato M, Hatanaka J, Tanaka T, Miyoshi H, Yamada S. Novel solid self-emulsifying drug delivery system of coenzyme Q₁₀ with improved photochemical and pharmacokinetic behaviors. Eur J Pharm Sci 2012; 46:492-9. [PMID: 22498005 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2012.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2012] [Revised: 03/23/2012] [Accepted: 03/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The present study was undertaken to develop a solid self-emulsifying drug delivery system of coenzyme Q(10) (CoQ(10)/s-SEDDS) with high photostability and oral bioavailability. The CoQ(10)/s-SEDDS was prepared by spray-drying an emulsion preconcentrate containing CoQ(10), medium-chain triglyceride, sucrose ester of fatty acid, and hydroxypropyl cellulose, and its physicochemical, photochemical, and pharmacokinetic properties were evaluated. The CoQ(10)/s-SEDDS powder with a diameter of ca. 15 μm was obtained by spray-drying, in which the CoQ(10) was mostly amorphized. The CoQ(10)/s-SEDDS exhibited immediate self-emulsification when introduced to aqueous media under gentle agitation, forming uniform fine droplets with a mean diameter of ca. 280 nm. There was marked generation of reactive oxygen species, in particular superoxide, from CoQ(10) exposed to simulated sunlight (250W/m(2)), suggesting potent photoreactivity. Nano-emulsified solution of CoQ(10) under light exposure underwent photodegradation with 22-fold higher degradation kinetics than crystalline CoQ(10), although the CoQ(10)/s-SEDDS was less photoreactive. After the oral administration of CoQ(10)/s-SEDDS (100 mg-CoQ(10)/kg) in rats, enhanced exposure of CoQ(10) was observed with increases in both C(max) and AUC of ca. 5-fold in comparison with those of orally administered crystalline CoQ(10). From the improved physicochemical and pharmacokinetic data, the s-SEDDS approach upon spray-drying might be a suitable dosage option for enhancing nutraceutical and pharmaceutical values of CoQ(10).
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Affiliation(s)
- Satomi Onoue
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan.
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