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Hassan M, Shaaban SA, El Ziat RA, Khaled KA. Laser-induced changes in the gene expression, growth and development of Gladiolus grandiflorus cv. "White Prosperity". Sci Rep 2024; 14:6257. [PMID: 38491044 PMCID: PMC10943131 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56430-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Corms of Gladiolus grandiflorus cv. "White Prosperity" was irradiated via red laser at wavelength 635 nm. Various morphological, flowering, elemental and chemical characterizations were studied. Irradiation with different power (5, 20, and 50 mW) and various irradiation time (0.0, 0.5, 1, 3, 5 and 10 min) was studied. Several characters), totaletermined include vegetative growth parameter (spouting days, plant height (cm), leaves number, leaves fresh and dry weights (g/plant), diameter of plant middle part (mm) and leaf area (cm2), floral parameters (flowering days, vase life (day), fresh and dry weights of inflorescence (g/plant), number of flowers per inflorescence, inflorescence length(cm), flowers diameter(cm), number of corms per plant, corms fresh weight(g/plant), circumference/ corms), pigments [total chlorophylls in leaves (SPAD), anthocyanin content (mg/100 g F.W.) in petals], NPK (%) in new corms and chemical composition in corms; total carbohydrates (%),total phenol (μg CE/g (%),total flavonoid (μg CE/g) (%), antioxidant (DPPH IC50 (μg /ml (%), and proline content (μ moles/g). The results showed that the medium level (20 mW) of He-Ne laser at 5 min caused favorable changes in the leaf anatomical structures and other studied characters followed by the low level (5 mW) of He-Ne laser at 5min. 112 bands emerged from 22 SSR primers, ranging between 130 and 540 bp, with 32 bands having polymorphism ranging from 17-100%. Out of the 22 SSR primers, 3 primers exhibited a high polymorphism percentage, i.e., SSR6, SSR16 and SSR22 which exhibited 7 positive markers. These findings revealed the efficiency of SSR primers for differentiating gladiolus plants and revealed that some alleles were affected by laser in their corms and the expression resulted in color or abnormalities in leaves and/or flowers. Mutation in some alleles could result in abnormalities like mutation in the allele with 410 bp revealed by SSR16.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manar Hassan
- National Institute of Laser Enhanced Sciences (NILES), Department of Laser Application in Metrology, Photochemistry and Agriculture (LAMPA,), Cairo University, PO 12613, Giza, Egypt
| | - Shimaa A Shaaban
- Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Agricultural Botany, Cairo University, PO 12613, Giza, 12613, Egypt
| | - Rasha A El Ziat
- Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Ornamental Horticulture, Cairo University, PO 12613, Giza, Egypt
| | - Khaled A Khaled
- Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Genetics, Beni-Suef University, PO box 62517, Beni Suef, Egypt.
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Sun Z, Li Q, Zhang J, Sun Z, Wu H, Liang H, Ma M, Huang L, Xu X, Ma G. Phenolic constituents with antibacterial activity from Eleutherine bulbosa. Fitoterapia 2024; 172:105787. [PMID: 38122855 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2023.105787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Eleutherine bulbosa (Mill.) Urb. is a medicinal and edible plant with various benefits for humans and animals. In this work, four new phenolic constituents (1-4), along with six known phenolic compounds (5-10) were obtained from the red bulbs of E. bulbosa. Their structures with absolute configurations were characterized by extensive spectroscopic analysis, combined with HR-ESI-MS and quantum mechanical electronic circular dichroism (ECD). Compounds 1 and 2 are novel homologous and heterodimers, respectively, featuring an unusual spiro ring system. All isolated phenolic constituents were tested for their antibacterial effects. The results revealed four phenolic compounds 1-3 and 7 showed moderate antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values ranging from 15.6 to 250.0 μg/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaocui Sun
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Qinglong Li
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jiawen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhonghao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Haifeng Wu
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Hanqiao Liang
- Department of Biomedicine, Beijing City University, Beijing 100094, China
| | - Min Ma
- Key Laboratory of Resource Chemistry and Eco-environmental Protection in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, Qinghai Minzu University, Xining 810007, China
| | - Linfang Huang
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xudong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Guoxu Ma
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
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Milliana A, Listiyana A, Mutiah R, Annisa R, Firdausi AF, Faradila VA, Febriani A, Ainina EI, Nabila Kirana NL, Yueniwati Y. The Potential of Eleutherine bulbosa in Inducing Apoptosis and Inhibiting Cell Cycle in Breast Cancer: A Network Pharmacology Approach and In Vitro Experiments. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2023; 24:3783-3794. [PMID: 38019236 PMCID: PMC10772747 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2023.24.11.3783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential and mechanisms of phytochemicals in Eleutherine bulbosa (EBE) in inducing apoptosis and inhibiting the cell cycle in breast cancer through a network pharmacology approach and in vitro validation. METHODS This research employed a literature review approach to identify active anti-cancer compounds and utilized a network pharmacology approach to predict the mechanisms of action of EBE compounds in breast cancer. In addition, in vitro experiments were conducted using MTT method to evaluate the effects of EBE on the cytotoxicity of T47D cells, and the flow cytometry method was employed to determine the impact of EBE on apoptosis and the cell cycle. RESULTS The network pharmacology analysis revealed that EBE had an impact on 42 genes involved in breast cancer, including 23 important target genes implicated in the pathophysiology of breast cancer. Pathway analysis using the KEGG database showed a close association between EBE and crucial signaling pathways in breast cancer, including P53 signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, apoptosis and cell cycle. In vitro experiments demonstrated that EBE exhibited moderate anti-cancer activity. Furthermore, EBE demonstrated significant potential in inducing apoptosis in breast cancer cells, with a percentage of apoptotic cells reaching 93.6%. Additionally, EBE was observed to disrupt the cell cycle, leading to a significant increase in the sub G1 and S phases, and a significant decrease in the G2-M and G1 phases. CONCLUSION EBE has the potential to be an anti-cancer agent through various mechanisms, including apoptosis induction and cell cycle inhibition in breast cancer cells. These findings provide new insights into the potential of EBE as an alternative treatment for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvi Milliana
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang, East Java, Indonesia.
| | - Anik Listiyana
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang, East Java, Indonesia.
| | - Roihatul Mutiah
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang, East Java, Indonesia.
| | - Rahmi Annisa
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang, East Java, Indonesia.
| | - Alif Firman Firdausi
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang, East Java, Indonesia.
| | - Vira Azzara Faradila
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang, East Java, Indonesia.
| | - Anisa Febriani
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang, East Java, Indonesia.
| | - Elsa Iftita Ainina
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang, East Java, Indonesia.
| | - Nariswari Lutfi Nabila Kirana
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang, East Java, Indonesia.
| | - Yuyun Yueniwati
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia, East Java, Indonesia.
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Alvarez-Quinto R, Grinstead S, Jones R, Mollov D. Complete genome sequence of a new mitovirus associated with walking iris (Trimezia northiana). Arch Virol 2023; 168:273. [PMID: 37845386 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-023-05901-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
The complete genome sequence of a new member of the family Mitoviridae was obtained from walking iris (Trimezia northiana (Schneev.) Ravenna by high-throughput sequencing. This is the first putative mitovirus identified in a monocotyledonous plant. The new mitovirus was tentatively named "walking iris virus 1" (WIV1). The complete genome of WIV1 is 2,858 nt in length with a single ORF encoding a viral replicase (RdRp). The highest level of amino acid sequence identity was 45% to Beta vulgaris mitovirus 1. In the viral replicase, a conserved protein domain for mitovirus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase and six highly conserved motifs were detected, consistent with other members of the family Mitoviridae. Phylogenetic inferences placed WIV1 among members of the genus Duamitovirus (family Mitoviridae) in a monophyletic clade with other plant mitoviruses. Sequence comparison and phylogenetic analysis support the classification of WIV1 as a new member of the genus Duamitovirus (family Mitoviridae).
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Alvarez-Quinto
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Cordley Hall, 2701 SW Campus Way, Corvallis, OR, 97333, USA
| | - Samuel Grinstead
- USDA-ARS, National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, MD, 20705, USA
- USDA-ARS, Molecular Plant Pathology Laboratory, Beltsville, MD, 20705, USA
| | - Richard Jones
- Genetic Improvement for Fruits & Vegetables Laboratory, USDA-ARS, Beltsville, MD, USA
| | - Dimitre Mollov
- USDA-ARS, National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, MD, 20705, USA.
- USDA-ARS, Horticultural Crops Disease and Pest Management Research Unit, Corvallis, OR, 97330, USA.
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Lovo J, Alcantara S, Vasconcelos TNC, Sajo MDG, Rudall PJ, Prenner G, Aguiar AJC, Mello-Silva R. Evolutionary lability in floral ontogeny affects pollination biology in Trimezieae. Am J Bot 2021; 108:828-843. [PMID: 34019302 DOI: 10.1002/ajb2.1655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
PREMISE There is little direct evidence linking floral development and pollination biology in plants. We characterize both aspects in plain and ornamented flowers of Trimezieae (Iridaceae) to investigate how changes in floral ontogeny may affect their interactions with pollinators through time. METHODS We examined floral ontogeny in 11 species and documented pollination biology in five species displaying a wide range of floral morphologies. We coded and reconstructed ancestral states of flower types over the tribal phylogeny to estimate the frequency of transition between different floral types. RESULTS All Trimezieae flowers are similar in early floral development, but ornamented flowers have additional ontogenetic steps compared with plain flowers, indicating heterochrony. Ornamented flowers have a hinge pollination mechanism (newly described here) and attract more pollinator guilds, while plain flowers offer less variety of resources for a shorter time. Although the ornamented condition is plesiomorphic in this clade, shifts to plain flowers have occurred frequently and abruptly during the past 5 million years, with some subsequent reversals. CONCLUSIONS Heterochrony has resulted in labile morphological changes during flower evolution in Trimezieae. Counterintuitively, species with plain flowers, which are endemic to the campo rupestre, are derived within the tribe and show a higher specialization than the ornamented species, with the former being visited by pollen-collecting bees only.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Lovo
- Departamento de Sistemática e Ecologia, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Caixa Postal 5065, Cidade Universitária, João Pessoa, PB, 58051-970, Brazil
- Departamento de Botânica, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, 277, São Paulo, SP, 05508-090, Brazil
| | - Suzana Alcantara
- Departamento de Botânica, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, 277, São Paulo, SP, 05508-090, Brazil
- Departamento de Botânica, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Trindade, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Thais N C Vasconcelos
- Departamento de Botânica, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, 277, São Paulo, SP, 05508-090, Brazil
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, 72701, USA
| | | | - Paula J Rudall
- Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey, TW9 3DS, United Kingdom
| | - Gerhard Prenner
- Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey, TW9 3DS, United Kingdom
| | - Antônio J C Aguiar
- Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF, 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Renato Mello-Silva
- Departamento de Botânica, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, 277, São Paulo, SP, 05508-090, Brazil
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Shan X, Li Y, Yang S, Yang Z, Qiu M, Gao R, Han T, Meng X, Xu Z, Wang L, Gao X. The spatio-temporal biosynthesis of floral flavonols is controlled by differential phylogenetic MYB regulators in Freesia hybrida. New Phytol 2020; 228:1864-1879. [PMID: 32696979 DOI: 10.1111/nph.16818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Floral flavonols play specific pivotal roles in pollinator attraction, pollen germination and fertility, in addition to other functions in vegetative organs. For many plants, the process of flavonol biosynthesis in late flower development stages and in mature flower tissues is poorly understood, in contrast to early flower development stages. It is thought that this process may be regulated independently of subgroup 7 R2R3 MYB (SG7 MYB) transcription factors. In this study, two FLS genes were shown to be expressed synchronously with the flower development-specific and tissue-specific biosynthesis of flavonols in Freesia hybrida. FhFLS1 contributed to flavonol biosynthesis in early flower buds, toruses and calyxes, and was regulated by four well-known SG7 MYB proteins, designated as FhMYBFs, with at least partial regulatory redundancy. FhFLS2 accounted for flavonols in late developed flowers and in the petals, stamens and pistils, and was targeted directly by non SG7 MYB protein FhMYB21L2. In parallel, AtMYB21 and AtMYB24 also activated AtFLS1, a gene highly expressed in Arabidopsis anthers and pollen, indicating the conserved regulatory roles of MYB21 against FLS genes in these two evolutionarily divergent angiosperm plants. Our results reveal a novel regulatory and synthetic mechanism underlying flavonol biosynthesis in floral organs and tissues which may be exploited to investigate supplementary roles of flavonols in flowers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotong Shan
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE and Institute of Genetics & Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Yueqing Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE and Institute of Genetics & Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Song Yang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE and Institute of Genetics & Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Zhongzhou Yang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE and Institute of Genetics & Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Meng Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE and Institute of Genetics & Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Ruifang Gao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE and Institute of Genetics & Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Taotao Han
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE and Institute of Genetics & Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Xiangyu Meng
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE and Institute of Genetics & Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Zhengyi Xu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE and Institute of Genetics & Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Li Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE and Institute of Genetics & Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Xiang Gao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE and Institute of Genetics & Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
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Ngoupaye GT, Bum EN, Taiwe GS, Moto FCO, Talla E. Antidepressant properties of aqueous macerate from Gladiolus dalenii corms. Afr J Tradit Complement Altern Med 2013; 11:53-61. [PMID: 24653553 PMCID: PMC3957241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gladiolus dalenii Van Geel (Iridaceae) has been used for the treatment of depression and psychotic disorders in African traditional medicine. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of the aqueous extract from the corm of Gladiolus dalenii and its possible mechanisms of action. MATERIALS AND METHODS We assessed the antidepressant properties of G. dalenii corm aqueous extract in mice, using the open field, forced swimming, and tail suspension tests. Spontaneous locomotor activity of mice given various doses of G. dalenii extract (per os) was determined in the open field, whereas immobility was evaluated in the other two tests. RESULTS Extract maximal effect was observed at 15 mg/kg, as mice displayed a marked reduction in immobility time in both the forced swimming test (80%) and the tail suspension test (66%). In further studies aimed at investigating the mechanism of action of G. dalenii extract, the latter significantly antagonized the effect of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA, 75 mg/kg) at both the doses 15 mg/kg (p<0.001) and 150 mg/kg (p=0.004). A significant reduction in immobility time was also observed following treatment with combinations of a sub-effective dose of extract (7.5 mg/kg) with either the NMDA receptor antagonist D-(-)-2-amino-7-phosphonoheptanoic acid (D-AP7, 50 mg/kg, P< 0.001), the serotonin reuptake inhibitor fluoxetine (5 and 10 mg/kg, P< 0.001 and P< 0.001 respectively), and the multi-target antidepressant imipramine (5 and 10 mg/kg, P< 0.001 and P< 0.001 respectively). Moreover, neither G. dalenii extract alone nor its combinations with NMDA ligands imipramine and fluoxetine enhanced mouse spontaneous locomotor activity. CONCLUSION Altogether, these results suggest that G. dalenii has antidepressant properties, probably mediated through interactions with NMDA, serotonin and/ or noradrenergic systems, and may justify its use in traditional medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gwladys Temkou Ngoupaye
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Ngaoundéré, P.O. Box 454, Ngaoundéré, Cameroon ; Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Elisabeth Ngo Bum
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Ngaoundéré, P.O. Box 454, Ngaoundéré, Cameroon
| | - Germain Sotoing Taiwe
- Department of Zoology and Animal Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, P.O. Box 63 Buea, Cameroon ; Department of Zoology and Animal Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, P.O. Box 63 Buea, Cameroon
| | - Fleur Clarisse Okomolo Moto
- Department of Zoology and Animal Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, P.O. Box 63 Buea, Cameroon
| | - Emmanuel Talla
- Department of Zoology and Animal Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, P.O. Box 63 Buea, Cameroon
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Upadhyay A, Chattopadhyay P, Goyary D, Mazumder PM, Veer V. Eleutherine indica L. accelerates in vivo cutaneous wound healing by stimulating Smad-mediated collagen production. J Ethnopharmacol 2013; 146:490-494. [PMID: 23337744 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2013.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2012] [Revised: 12/21/2012] [Accepted: 01/08/2013] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Eleutherine indica L. has been used for healing of wound, painful and irregular menstruation, dysentery and lesions, and topically used as antiseptic and antimicrobial agent in folk medicine. In the present study, methanolic extracts of Eleutherine indica was subjected to scientific investigation for in-vivo cutaneous wound healing in wistar rat. MATERIALS AND METHODS In-vivo wound healing activity of Eleutherine indica was evaluated by using circular excision experimental models, followed by histopathological and western blot analysis. The healing potential was comparatively assessed with a reference gentamicin sulfate hydrogel (0.01% w/w). Wound contraction measurement, hydroxyproline estimation and western blot for COL3A1, bFGF, Smad-2, -3, -4, and -7 were performed. RESULTS The methanolic extract of Eleutherine indica showed accelerated wound healing activity as evidenced by fast wound contraction rate and higher hydroxyproline content of granulation tissue. Western blot revealed the Smad-mediated collagen production promoting property of Eleutherine indica methanolic extract. Histopathological examinations also supported the experimental findings. CONCLUSION The study revealed that Eleutherine indica promotes wound healing by augmenting Smad-mediated collagen production in wound granulation tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aadesh Upadhyay
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Defence Research Laboratory, DRDO, Tezpur, Assam 784001, India
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Kusuma IW, Arung ET, Rosamah E, Purwatiningsih S, Kuspradini H, Astuti J, Kim YU, Shimizu K. Antidermatophyte and antimelanogenesis compound from Eleutherine americana grown in Indonesia. J Nat Med 2010; 64:223-6. [PMID: 20155402 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-010-0396-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2009] [Accepted: 01/18/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
An active compound from the bulb of Eleutherine americana L. Merr. (Iridaceae) collected from East Kalimantan, Indonesia, was tested for its antidermatophyte and antimelanogenesis activity. Antifungal assay-directed fractionation of the n-hexane-soluble fraction of the methanolic extract of the bulb of E. americana led to the isolation of 1 as an active compound. The compound was identified as the naphthoquinone eleutherin by EI-MS and (1)H-, (13)C-, and two-dimensional NMR analyses. Antidermatophyte assay of 1 at concentrations of 10, 20, 40, 60, and 80 microg/disk and myconazole, a commercial antidermatophyte, at 10 microg/disk displayed 7, 8, 13, 16, 17, and 14 mm of inhibition zone against Trichophyton mentagrophytes, respectively. In a melanin formation inhibition assay, compound 1 displayed potent antimelanogenesis activity at 5 ppm with low toxicity compared with arbutin, a commercial skin-whitening agent. The results showed the high potential of 1, an active compound from E. americana, to be applied as an antidermatophyte and antimelanogenesis agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irawan Wijaya Kusuma
- Department of Forest Products Technology, Faculty of Forestry, Mulawarman University, Samarinda, Indonesia
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Lucena GMRDS, Franco JL, Ribas CM, Azevedo MS, Meotti FC, Gadotti VM, Dafre AL, Santos ARS, Farina M. Cipura paludosa extract prevents methyl mercury-induced neurotoxicity in mice. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2007; 101:127-31. [PMID: 17651315 DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-7843.2007.00091.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Cipura paludosa (Iridaceae), a native plant widely distributed in the north of Brazil, is used in traditional medicine as an anti-inflammatory and analgesic agent, against tuberculosis and gonorrhoea and for regulation of menstrual flow. However, scientific studies on the pharmacological properties of C. paludosa are scarce. We have examined the potential protective effects of the ethanolic extract of C. paludosa against methyl mercury (MeHg)-induced neurotoxicity in adult mice. MeHg was diluted in drinking water (40 mg/l, freely available) and the ethanolic C. paludosa extract (CE) was diluted in a 150 mM NaCl solution and administered by gavage (10 and 100 mg/kg body weight, respectively, twice a day). Because treatment lasted for 14 days and each animal weighed around 40 g, the total dosage of plant extract given to each mouse was 5.6 and 56 g, respectively. After the treatment period, MeHg exposure induced a significant deficit in the motor coordination, which was evident by a reduction (90%) in the falling latency in the rotarod apparatus. Interestingly, this phenomenon was completely recovered to control levels by CE co-administration, independent of dosages. MeHg exposure inhibited cerebellar glutathione peroxidase (mean percentage inhibition of 42%) - an important enzyme involved in the detoxification of endogenous peroxides - and this effect was prevented by co-administration of CE. Conversely, MeHg exposure increased cerebellar glutathione reductase activity (mean percentage inhibition of 70%), and this phenomenon was not affected by C. paludosa co-administration. Neither MeHg nor CE changed the cerebellar glutathione levels. This study has shown for the first time, the in vivo protective effects of CE against MeHg-induced neurotoxicity. In addition, our findings encourage studies concerning the beneficial effects of C. paludosa on neurological conditions related to excitotoxicity and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greice M R de S Lucena
- Health Center, Federal University of Rondônia, Campus Universitário, José Ribeiro Filho, Porto Velho, RO, Brazil
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Lucena GMRS, Gadotti VM, Maffi LC, Silva GS, Azevedo MS, Santos ARS. Antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory properties from the bulbs of Cipura paludosa Aubl. J Ethnopharmacol 2007; 112:19-25. [PMID: 17350194 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2007.01.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2006] [Revised: 12/28/2006] [Accepted: 01/25/2007] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
This study examined the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory actions of Cipura paludosa Aubl. in several models of inflammatory pain in mice and rats. The ethanolic extract (EE) from Cipura paludosa (1-300mg/kg) given by i.p. and p.o. routes, 30 or 60min earlier, produced a dose-dependent inhibition of the acetic acid-induced pain and Evans blue leakage in mice with ID(50) values of 2.8 and 17.6mg/kg and 17.2 and 176.1mg/kg, respectively. The EE (10mg/kg, i.p.) also inhibited the allodynia (39+/-6%)- and oedema (97+/-6%)-induced by the intraplantar injection of CFA. In addition, the EE (1-30mg/kg, i.p.) inhibited both mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia induced by prostaglandin E(2), PMA and bradykinin in the rat paw, with ID(50) values of 7.3, 12.1 and 4.7 and 13.9, 18.9 and 1.5mg/kg, respectively. These data demonstrate that EE of Cipura paludosa elicited pronounced antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory actions against some models of inflammatory pain in mice and rats. The mechanism by which the extract produced antinociception still remains unclear, but a great part of this effect seems to be related to modulation of the release or action of pro-inflammatory mediators. Moreover, the antinociceptive action demonstrated in the present study supports, at least partly, the ethnomedical uses of this plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greice M R S Lucena
- Núcleo da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Rondônia, Campus Universitário, José Ribeiro Filho, BR 364, Km 9.5, Porto Velho 78980-500, RO, Brazil
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Morrissey C, Bektic J, Spengler B, Galvin D, Christoffel V, Klocker H, Fitzpatrick JM, Watson RWG. Phytoestrogens derived from Belamcanda chinensis have an antiproliferative effect on prostate cancer cells in vitro. J Urol 2006; 172:2426-33. [PMID: 15538285 DOI: 10.1097/01.ju.0000143537.86596.66] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Phytoestrogens are nonsteroidal plant derived compounds with estrogenic activity that have been implicated in protecting against prostate cancer progression. We hypothesized that these compounds would alter cell number and increase the ability of antiandrogens to induce cell death in prostate cancer cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS RWPE-1, LNCaP and PC-3 cells were treated with or without an extract of Belamcanda chinensis, 2 purified phytoestrogens derived from this extract (irigenin and tectorigenin) and the antiandrogen bicalutamide. We assessed the effect on cell number, proliferation and apoptosis. RESULTS Phytoestrogens (50 to 100 microM) and bicalutamide (10 to 50 microM) alone decreased the cell number in all 3 cell lines. Phytoestrogens (50 microM) combined with bicalutamide (10 microM) further decreased the number of RWPE-1 and PC-3 cells compared to these agents alone. Tectorigenin and irigenin inhibited the proliferation of RWPE-1, LNCaP and PC-3 cells, causing G1 arrest and the induction of p21WAF1 or p27 protein expression, whereas bicalutamide induced apoptosis in a dose dependent manner in all 3 cell lines. Phytoestrogens did not have antiandrogenic activity. CONCLUSIONS These in vitro studies demonstrate a role for tectorigenin and irigenin in regulating prostate cancer cell number by inhibiting proliferation through cell cycle regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colm Morrissey
- Department of Surgery, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, Dublin Molecular Medicine Centre, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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O'Toole SA, Sheppard BL, Sheils O, O'Leary JJ, Spengler B, Christoffel V. Analysis of DNA in endometrial cancer cells treated with phyto-estrogenic compounds using comparative genomic hybridisation microarrays. Planta Med 2005; 71:435-9. [PMID: 15931582 DOI: 10.1055/s-2005-864139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to identify genomic aberrations in endometrial cancer cells treated with the phyto-estrogenic compounds tectorigenin, irigenin and apigenin and to compare with those treated with beta-estradiol using array-based comparative genomic hybridisation (array CGH). The microarray contains 287 targets and includes telomeres, microdeletions, oncogenes and tumour suppressor genes and has increased mapping resolution compared to conventional CGH. An endometrial cancer cell line (Ishikawa) was cultured and treated with the phyto-estrogens. Treated cells were examined using the CGH microarray. Over 20 % of the array genes were aberrated in the cells treated with beta-estradiol, tectorigenin and irigenin compared to 3 % in those treated with the same concentration of apigenin. Protein kinase c zeta form, insulin, insulin receptor and protein-tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor-type 1 which are involved in insulin metabolism were aberrated by tectorigenin and irigenin. Apigenin may play a role in the treatment of endometrial cancer and in the treatment of postmenopausal women. Further studies in normal endometrium and primary endometrial cancer cells are needed to elucidate the role of the phyto-estrogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon A O'Toole
- Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, St. James's Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
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Seidlová-Wuttke D, Hesse O, Jarry H, Rimoldi G, Thelen P, Christoffel V, Wuttke W. Belamcanda chinensis and the thereof purified tectorigenin have selective estrogen receptor modulator activities. Phytomedicine 2004; 11:392-403. [PMID: 15330494 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2004.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Belamcanda chinensis (BC) belongs to the family of iridaceae and the isoflavone tectorigenin has been isolated from the rhizome of this plant. Whether this isoflavone has estrogenic, possibly selective estrogen receptor modulator activities and if so, whether they are mediated via the estrogen receptor alpha or beta is unknown at present. Therefore, we performed binding studies with recombinant human ERalpha and ERbeta to show that tectorigenin binds to both receptor subtypes. In ERalpha-expressing MCF7 and ERbeta-expressing MDA-MB231 reporter gene transfected cells tectorigenin causes transactivation. When given intravenously to ovariectomized (ovx) rats, it inhibits pulsatile pituitary LH secretion. In postmenopausal women estrogen-unopposed LH pulses correlate with hot flushes. Therefore, suppression of pulsatile LH secretion may be beneficial in women suffering from hot flushes. Upon chronic application to ovx rats a BC extract containing 5% Belamcanda at a daily dose of 33 mg or 130 mg of the extract had no effect on uterine weight or on estrogen-regulated uterine gene expression while estrogenic effects in the bone, on bone mineral density of the metaphysis of the tibia could be established. Hence, tectorigenin may have antiosteoporotic effects also in postmenopausal women. Immunohistochemical staining of proliferating cell nuclear antigen--a proliferation marker--in the mammary gland did not indicate a mammotrophic effect of the tectorigenin-containing BC extract at both tested doses. In summary, tectorigenin or the B. chinensis extract containing tectorigenin had a strong hypothalamotropic and osteotropic effect but no effect in the uterus or the mammary gland. Therefore, tectorigenin may be in the future a clinically useful selective estrogen receptor modulator.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Seidlová-Wuttke
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, University of Goettingen, Robert-Koch-Strasse 40, D-37075 Goettingen, Germany
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Abstract
Two new anthraquinones, methyl 8-hydroxy-3-methoxy-6,7-methylenedioxy-1-methylanthraquinone-2-carboxylate (gandavensin A, 1) and methyl 8-hydroxy-3,6,7-trimethoxy-1-methylanthraquinone-2-carboxylate (gandavensin B, 2), have been isolated from the light petroleum extract of the subterranean corm of Gladiolus gandavensis Van Houtt., along with methyl 8-hydroxy-3,6-dimethoxy-1-methylanthraquinone-2-carboxylate (3), methyl trans-p-methoxycinnamate (4), 5,7-dimethoxy-2-methylchromone (5), and 5-hydroxy-2-hydroxymethyl-7-methoxychromone (6). Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectral data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ding-Yong Wang
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
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Orhan I, Sener B, Hashimoto T, Asakawa Y, Ozgüven M, Ayanoğlu F. Iristectorone K, a novel monocyclic triterpene ester from Iris germanica rhizomes growing in Turkey. Fitoterapia 2002; 73:316-9. [PMID: 12234575 DOI: 10.1016/s0367-326x(02)00090-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A new monocyclic triterpene ester (1) was isolated from the rhizomes of Iris germanica from Turkey. Structure elucidation of compound (1) was carried out by the combined application of HMQC, HMBC, DEPT, COSY and NOESY experiments and named as iristectorone K.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilkay Orhan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, 06330 Ankara, Turkey.
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Abstract
Previously, we reported that the isoflavones tectorigenin and tectoridin, a glycosylated tectorigenin, isolated from the rhizomes of Belamcanda chinensis have an activity to inhibit prostaglandin (PG) E2 production in 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA)-stimulated rat peritoneal macrophages. The inhibitory effect of tectorigenin is more potent than that of tectoridin. In this study, we investigated the structure-activity relationship of various isoflavones in the inhibition of PGE2 production in TPA-stimulated rat peritoneal macrophages. The isoflavones examined were isolated from the rhizomes of B. chinensis, and the flowers and the rhizomes of Pueraria thunbergiana. The order of potency to inhibit PGE2 production was as follows; irisolidone, tectorigenin > genistein > tectoridin (tectorigenin 7-glucoside), glycitein > daidzein. Kakkalide (irisolidone 7-xylosylglucoside), glycitin (glycitein 7-glucoside), daidzin (daidzein 7-glucoside), puerarin (daizein 8-glucoside), and genistin (genistein 7-glucoside) showed no significant inhibition. These findings indicated that 6-methoxylation and 5-hydroxylation increase the potency to inhibit PGE2 production and 7-O-glycosylation decreases the inhibitory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kouya Yamaki
- Laboratory of Pathophysiological Biochemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
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McCLELLAN WD, STUART NW. The influence of nutrition on Fusarium basal rot of narcissus and on Fusarium yellows of gladiolus. Am J Bot 1947; 34:88-93. [PMID: 20286319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
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HAWKER LE. Diseases of the gladiolus; note on the incidence and control of scab disease Bacterium marginatum McCull. Ann Appl Biol 1946; 33:209. [PMID: 20997961 DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-7348.1946.tb06299.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
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HAWKER LE. Diseases of the gladiolus; Botrytis rot of corms and its control. Ann Appl Biol 1946; 33:200-208. [PMID: 20997960 DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-7348.1946.tb06298.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
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