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Abdelkrim S, Jebara SH, Saadani O, Jebara M. Potential of efficient and resistant plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria in lead uptake and plant defence stimulation in Lathyrus sativus under lead stress. Plant Biol (Stuttg) 2018; 20:857-869. [PMID: 29907996 DOI: 10.1111/plb.12863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Revised: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The ability of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) to enhance Lathyrus sativus tolerance to lead (Pb) stress was investigated. Ten consortia formed by mixing four efficient and Pb-resistant PGPR strains were assessed for their beneficial effect in improving Pb (0.5 mM) uptake and in inducing the host defence system of L. sativus under hydroponic conditions based on various physiological and biochemical parameters. Lead stress significantly decreased shoot (SDW) and root (RDW) dry weight, but PGPR inoculation improved both dry weights, with highest increases in SDW and RDW of plants inoculated with I5 (R. leguminosarum (M5) + P. fluorescens (K23) + Luteibacter sp. + Variovorax sp.) and I9 (R. leguminosarum (M5) + Variovorax sp. + Luteibacter sp. + S. meliloti) by 151% and 94%, respectively. Additionally, inoculation significantly enhanced both chlorophyll and soluble sugar content, mainly in I5 inoculated leaves by 238% and 71%, respectively, despite the fact that Pb decreased these parameters. We also found that PGPR inoculation helps to reduce oxidative damage and enhances antioxidant enzyme activity, phenolic compound biosynthesis, carotenoids and proline content. PGPR inoculation increased Pb uptake in L. sativus, with highest increase in shoots of plants inoculated with I5 and I7, and in roots and nodules of plants inoculated with I1. Moreover, PGPR inoculation enhanced mineral homeostasis for Ca, Cu and Zn under Pb stress, mainly in plants inoculated with I1, I5, I7 and I9. Results of our study suggest the potential of efficient and Pb-resistant PGPR in alleviating harmful effects of metal stress via activation of various defence mechanisms and enhancing Pb uptake that promotes tolerance of L. sativus to Pb stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Abdelkrim
- Laboratory of Legumes, Center of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, Hammam Lif, Tunisia
- National Agronomic Institute of Tunisia, University of Carthage, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - S H Jebara
- Laboratory of Legumes, Center of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, Hammam Lif, Tunisia
| | - O Saadani
- Laboratory of Legumes, Center of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, Hammam Lif, Tunisia
| | - M Jebara
- Laboratory of Legumes, Center of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, Hammam Lif, Tunisia
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Guefrachi I, Rejili M, Mahdhi M, Mars M. Assessing genotypic diversity and symbiotic efficiency of five rhizobial legume interactions under cadmium stress for soil phytoremediation. Int J Phytoremediation 2013; 15:938-951. [PMID: 23819287 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2012.751350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
In the framework of soil phytoremediation using local legume plants coupled with their native root-nodulating bacteria to increase forage yields and preserve contaminated soils in arid regions of Tunisia, we investigated the diversity of bacteria from root nodules of Lathyrus sativus, Lens culinaris, Medicago marina, M. truncatula, and M. minima and the symbiotic efficiency of these five legume symbiosis under Cadmium stress. Fifty bacterial strains were characterized using physiological and biochemical features such heavy metals resistant, and PCR-RFLP of 16S rDNA. Taxonomically, the isolates nodulating L. sativus, and L. culinaris are species within the genera Rhizobium and the ones associated to Medicago sp, within the genera Sinorhizobium. The results revealed also that the cadmium tolerance of the different legumes-rhizobia interaction was as follows: M. minima < M. truncatula < M. marina < L. sativus < L. culinaris indicating that the effect of Cadmium on root nodulation and biomass production is more deleterious on M. minima-S. meliloti and M. truncatula-S. meliloti than in other symbiosis. Knowledge on genetic and functional diversity of M. marina, L. sativus and L. culinaris microsymbiotes is very useful for inoculant strain selection and can be selected to develop inoculants for soil phytoremediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Guefrachi
- Research Unit Biodiversity & Valorization of Arid Areas Bioressources (BVBAA) - Faculty of Sciences of Gabès Erriadh-Zrig, Tunisia
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Jiang J, Su M, Wang L, Jiao C, Sun Z, Cheng W, Li F, Wang C. Exogenous hydrogen peroxide reversibly inhibits root gravitropism and induces horizontal curvature of primary root during grass pea germination. Plant Physiol Biochem 2012; 53:84-93. [PMID: 22342943 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2012.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2011] [Accepted: 01/24/2012] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
During germination in distilled water (dH(2)O) on a horizontally positioned Petri dish, emerging primary roots of grass pea (Lathyrus sativus L.) grew perpendicular to the bottom of the Petri dish, due to gravitropism. However, when germinated in exogenous hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)), the primary roots grew parallel to the bottom of the Petri dish and asymmetrically, forming a horizontal curvature. Time-course experiments showed that the effect was strongest when H(2)O(2) was applied prior to the emergence of the primary root. H(2)O(2) failed to induce root curvature when applied post-germination. Dosage studies revealed that the frequency of primary root curvature was significantly enhanced with increased H(2)O(2) concentrations. This curvature could be directly counteracted by dimethylthiourea (DMTU), a scavenger of H(2)O(2), but not by diphenylene iodonium (DPI) and pyridine, inhibitors of H(2)O(2) production. Exogenous H(2)O(2) treatment caused both an increase in the activities of H(2)O(2)-scavenging enzymes [including ascorbate peroxidase (APX: EC 1.11.1.11), catalase (CAT: EC 1.11.1.6) and peroxidase (POD: EC 1.11.1.7)] and a reduction in endogenous H(2)O(2) levels and root vitality. Although grass pea seeds absorbed exogenous H(2)O(2) during seed germination, DAB staining of paraffin sections revealed that exogenous H(2)O(2) only entered the root epidermis and not inner tissues. These data indicated that exogenously applied H(2)O(2) could lead to a reversible loss of the root gravitropic response and a horizontal curvature in primary roots during radicle emergence of the seedling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinglong Jiang
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
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Chattopadhyay A, Subba P, Pandey A, Bhushan D, Kumar R, Datta A, Chakraborty S, Chakraborty N. Analysis of the grasspea proteome and identification of stress-responsive proteins upon exposure to high salinity, low temperature, and abscisic acid treatment. Phytochemistry 2011; 72:1293-307. [PMID: 21353267 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2011.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2010] [Revised: 01/08/2011] [Accepted: 01/17/2011] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Abiotic stress causes diverse biochemical and physiological changes in plants and limits crop productivity. Plants respond and adapt to such stress by altering their cellular metabolism and activating various defense machineries. To understand the molecular basis of stress tolerance in plants, we have developed differential proteomes in a hardy legume, grasspea (Lathyrus sativus L.). Five-week-old grasspea seedlings were subjected independently to high salinity, low temperature and abscisic acid treatment for duration of 36h. The physiological changes of stressed seedlings were monitored, and correlated with the temporal changes of proteome using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. Approximately, 400 protein spots were detected in each of the stress proteome with one-fourth showing more than 2-fold differences in expression values. Eighty such proteins were subjected to LC-tandem MS/MS analyses that led to the identification of 48 stress-responsive proteins (SRPs) presumably involved in a variety of functions, including metabolism, signal transduction, protein biogenesis and degradation, and cell defense and rescue. While 33 proteins were responsive to all three treatments, 15 proteins were expressed in stress-specific manner. Further, we explored the possible role of ROS in triggering the stress-induced degradation of large subunit (LSU) of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase (Rubisco). These results might help in understanding the spectrum of stress-regulated proteins and the biological processes they control as well as having implications for strategies to improve stress adaptation in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnab Chattopadhyay
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India
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Ganguly S, Bhattacharya S, Mandi S, Tarafdar J. Biological detection and analysis of toxicity of organophosphate- and azadirachtin-based insecticides in Lathyrus sativus L. Ecotoxicology 2010; 19:85-95. [PMID: 19618265 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-009-0391-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2008] [Accepted: 07/04/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
In this study, attention was paid to investigate the effect of organophosphate insecticides, profenofos 40% EC, methyl parathion (metacid) 50% EC, and neem-based product nimbecidine 0.03% EC (from Azadirachta indica) on somatic chromosomal behavior, level of leaf protein, and activity of antioxidant enzymes in Lathyrus sativus L., the leguminous herb. The experiments on somatic chromosomes of root tip cells of L. sativus L. revealed that most common type of abnormalities were anaphase bridge, chromosome fragment, breaks, giant interphase, etc. Also, the mitotic index reduced and abnormality index enhanced, which were directly proportional to the rise in concentration as well as time period of exposure of chemicals. The profenofos and metacid induced drastic changes in mitotic index when compared with nimbecidine. The electrophoretic studies of leaf protein of L. sativus L. showed alteration of some major and minor protein bands subjected to spraying of organophosphate insecticides and induced to synthesize additional high molecular mass protein compared to untreated control. Analysis of SOD, EST, and POD activity by non-denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showed different patterns of the isoforms. Complete inhibition of EST was observed in profenofos-treated plants, while with metacid- and nimbecidine-treated plants EST was suppressed. Induction and/or increased activities of SOD and POD were generally enhanced. Our present study not only provides the important information for better understanding of the toxic and tolerance mechanisms, but as well can be used as a bio-indicator for contamination by pesticides, which could cause genetic instabilities of natural plant populations and in crop varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susmita Ganguly
- Department of Botany, Kalyani University, Kalyani 741235, West Bengal, India.
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Brunet J, Varrault G, Zuily-Fodil Y, Repellin A. Accumulation of lead in the roots of grass pea (Lathyrus sativus L.) plants triggers systemic variation in gene expression in the shoots. Chemosphere 2009; 77:1113-20. [PMID: 19726070 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2009.07.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2009] [Revised: 07/24/2009] [Accepted: 07/27/2009] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The impact of lead nitrate (Pb(NO(3))(2); 0.5mM) on steady-state accumulation of messengers corresponding to stress responsive genes was studied in two local lines of 11-d grass pea (Lathyrus sativus L.) plants exposed for 96 h in a hydroponic system. Real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction technique was used with grass pea-specific primers designed from newly isolated partial cDNA. Increases in accumulation of glutathione reductase, ascorbate peroxidase and glutathione S-transferase transcripts suggested that roots enhanced detoxification mechanisms involving glutathione. In the leaves where no lead was translocated, the pollutant indirectly triggered increases in expression of several genes. This process probably resulted from systemic signals originating from the roots where lead accumulated in large amounts, approximately 150 mg Pbg(-1) dry weight. A preventive and/or adaptive role for the signal is assumed, since it concerned genes implicated in reactive oxygen species scavenging (ascorbate peroxidase), protein protection (heat shock protein 70) and proteolysis (cysteine and aspartic proteases).
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Affiliation(s)
- Judicaëlle Brunet
- Ecophysiologie Moléculaire (IBIOS, UMR Bioemco 7618), Université Paris Est-Créteil, 61 avenue du Général de Gaulle, 94010 Créteil Cedex, France
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Xiong YC, Xing GM, Li FM, Wang SM, Fan XW, Li ZX, Wang YF. Abscisic acid promotes accumulation of toxin ODAP in relation to free spermine level in grass pea seedlings (Lathyrus sativus L.). Plant Physiol Biochem 2006; 44:161-9. [PMID: 16650769 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2006.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2005] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Interrelationship among abscisic acid (ABA) content, accumulation of free polyamines and biosynthesis of beta-N-oxalyl-l-alpha,beta-diaminopropionic acid (ODAP) was studied in grass pea (Lathyrus sativus L.) seedlings under drought stress induced by 10% polyethylene glycol (PEG6000). Increase of ABA content occurred prior to that of ODAP and polyamine contents, and was found significantly positive correlation between ABA content and ODAP content. Addition of exogenous ABA increased ODAP content in leaves. On the other hand, pretreatment with alpha-difluoromethylarginine (DFMA), a polyamine biosynthesis inhibitor, significantly suppressed the accumulation of free putrescine (Put), free spermidine (Spd) and free spermine (Spm), which in turn inhibited biosynthesis of ODAP in well-watered leaves. Meanwhile, addition of exogenous Put alleviated DFMA-induced inhibition on the biosynthesis of Put and Spd, but did not affect the biosynthesis of Spm and ODAP in well-watered leaves. Same result was also achieved in drought-stressed leaves. Increasing accumulation of ODAP was significantly correlated with increasing Spm content (R=0.7957**) but not with that of Spd and Put. Therefore, it can be argued that ABA stimulated the biosynthesis of ODAP simultaneously with increasing the level of free Spm under drought stress condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- You-Cai Xiong
- MOE Key Laboratory of Arid and Grassland Ecology, Lanzhou University, Tianshui Road, 730000 Lanzhou, Gansu, China
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Tian HE, Gao YS, Li FM, Zeng F. Effects of europium ions (Eu3+) on the distribution and related biological activities of elements in Lathyrus sativus L roots. Biol Trace Elem Res 2003; 93:257-70. [PMID: 12835507 DOI: 10.1385/bter:93:1-3:257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2002] [Accepted: 08/25/2002] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Scanning electron microscopic and energy-dispersive X-ray analyses were used to study the distributions of different types of elements in the epidermis, exodermis, endodermis, and vascular cylinder of the fracture face in the Lathyrus sativus L. roots in the presence or absence of Eu3+. Some index of the biological activity related to the elements binding with protein were determined also. The results showed that the tissular distributions of elements in the fracture face are different in the presence and absence of Eu3+. The atomic percentages of P, S, Ca, and Mn were influenced more than those of other elements. Eu3+ promoted the biological activities of various kinds of element. The one possible mechanism changing the biological activities was that the reaction of Eu3+ +e--> Eu2+ would influence the electron capture or transport in elements of binding protein. Another mechanism was that CaM-Ca2+ becoming CaM-Eu3+ through Eu3+ instead of Ca2+ would affect the biological activity of elements by regulating the Ca2+ level in the plant cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Er Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Arid Agroecology, School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
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