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Edwards CL, Engel JA, de Labastida Rivera F, Ng SS, Corvino D, Montes de Oca M, Frame TC, Chauhan SB, Singh SS, Kumar A, Wang Y, Na J, Mukhopadhyay P, Lee JS, Nylen S, Sundar S, Kumar R, Engwerda CR. A molecular signature for IL-10-producing Th1 cells in protozoan parasitic diseases. JCI Insight 2023; 8:e169362. [PMID: 37917177 PMCID: PMC10807716 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.169362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Control of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) depends on proinflammatory Th1 cells that activate infected tissue macrophages to kill resident intracellular parasites. However, proinflammatory cytokines produced by Th1 cells can damage tissues and require tight regulation. Th1 cell IL-10 production is an important cell-autologous mechanism to prevent such damage. However, IL-10-producing Th1 (type 1 regulatory; Tr1) cells can also delay control of parasites and the generation of immunity following drug treatment or vaccination. To identify molecules to target in order to alter the balance between Th1 and Tr1 cells for improved antiparasitic immunity, we compared the molecular and phenotypic profiles of Th1 and Tr1 cells in experimental VL caused by Leishmania donovani infection of C57BL/6J mice. We also identified a shared Tr1 cell protozoan signature by comparing the transcriptional profiles of Tr1 cells from mice with experimental VL and malaria. We identified LAG3 as an important coinhibitory receptor in patients with VL and experimental VL, and we reveal tissue-specific heterogeneity of coinhibitory receptor expression by Tr1 cells. We also discovered a role for the transcription factor Pbx1 in suppressing CD4+ T cell cytokine production. This work provides insights into the development and function of CD4+ T cells during protozoan parasitic infections and identifies key immunoregulatory molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chelsea L. Edwards
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
- University of Queensland, School of Medicine, Brisbane, Australia
| | | | | | - Susanna S. Ng
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
- Griffith University, School of Natural Sciences, Nathan, Australia
- Institute of Experimental Oncology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Dillon Corvino
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
- Institute of Experimental Oncology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Teija C.M. Frame
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
- University of Queensland, School of Medicine, Brisbane, Australia
| | | | | | - Awnish Kumar
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Yulin Wang
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
- Griffith University, School of Natural Sciences, Nathan, Australia
| | - Jinrui Na
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
- University of Queensland, School of Medicine, Brisbane, Australia
| | | | - Jason S. Lee
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
- University of Queensland, School of Medicine, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Susanne Nylen
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Rajiv Kumar
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
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