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Eschrig S, Schäffer M, Shu LJ, Illig T, Eibel S, Fernandez A, Ranf S. LORE receptor homomerization is required for 3-hydroxydecanoic acid-induced immune signaling and determines the natural variation of immunosensitivity within the Arabidopsis genus. New Phytol 2024; 242:2163-2179. [PMID: 38532564 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
The S-domain-type receptor-like kinase (SD-RLK) LIPOOLIGOSACCHARIDE-SPECIFIC REDUCED ELICITATION (LORE) from Arabidopsis thaliana is a pattern recognition receptor that senses medium-chain 3-hydroxy fatty acids, such as 3-hydroxydecanoic acid (3-OH-C10:0), to activate pattern-triggered immunity. Here, we show that LORE homomerization is required to activate 3-OH-C10:0-induced immune signaling. Fluorescence lifetime imaging in Nicotiana benthamiana demonstrates that AtLORE homomerizes via the extracellular and transmembrane domains. Co-expression of AtLORE truncations lacking the intracellular domain exerts a dominant negative effect on AtLORE signaling in both N. benthamiana and A. thaliana, highlighting that homomerization is essential for signaling. Screening for 3-OH-C10:0-induced reactive oxygen species production revealed natural variation within the Arabidopsis genus. Arabidopsis lyrata and Arabidopsis halleri do not respond to 3-OH-C10:0, although both possess a putative LORE ortholog. Both LORE orthologs have defective extracellular domains that bind 3-OH-C10:0 to a similar level as AtLORE, but lack the ability to homomerize. Thus, ligand binding is independent of LORE homomerization. Analysis of AtLORE and AlyrLORE chimera suggests that the loss of AlyrLORE homomerization is caused by several amino acid polymorphisms across the extracellular domain. Our findings shed light on the activation mechanism of LORE and the loss of 3-OH-C10:0 perception within the Arabidopsis genus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Eschrig
- TUM School of Life Sciences, Chair of Phytopathology, Technical University of Munich, Freising-Weihenstephan, 85354, Germany
| | - Milena Schäffer
- TUM School of Life Sciences, Chair of Phytopathology, Technical University of Munich, Freising-Weihenstephan, 85354, Germany
| | - Lin-Jie Shu
- TUM School of Life Sciences, Chair of Phytopathology, Technical University of Munich, Freising-Weihenstephan, 85354, Germany
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, 1700, Switzerland
| | - Tina Illig
- TUM School of Life Sciences, Chair of Phytopathology, Technical University of Munich, Freising-Weihenstephan, 85354, Germany
| | - Sonja Eibel
- TUM School of Life Sciences, Chair of Phytopathology, Technical University of Munich, Freising-Weihenstephan, 85354, Germany
| | - Atiara Fernandez
- TUM School of Life Sciences, Chair of Phytopathology, Technical University of Munich, Freising-Weihenstephan, 85354, Germany
| | - Stefanie Ranf
- TUM School of Life Sciences, Chair of Phytopathology, Technical University of Munich, Freising-Weihenstephan, 85354, Germany
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, 1700, Switzerland
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Zhang N, Ali S, Huang Q, Yang C, Ali B, Chen W, Zhang K, Ali S, Ulhassan Z, Zhou W. Seed pretreatment with brassinosteroids stimulates sunflower immunity against parasitic weed (Orobanche cumana) infection. Physiol Plant 2024; 176:e14324. [PMID: 38705866 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Broomrape (Orobanche cumana) negatively affects sunflower, causing severe yield losses, and thus, there is a need to control O. cumana infestation. Brassinosteroids (BRs) play key roles in plant growth and provide resilience to weed infection. This study aims to evaluate the mechanisms by which BRs ameliorate O. cumana infection in sunflower (Helianthus annuus). Seeds were pretreated with BRs (1, 10, and 100 nM) and O. cumana inoculation for 4 weeks under soil conditions. O. cumana infection significantly reduced plant growth traits, photosynthesis, endogenous BRs and regulated the plant defence (POX, GST), BRs signalling (BAK1, BSK1 to BSK4) and synthesis (BRI1, BR6OX2) genes. O. cumana also elevated the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), hydroxyl radical (OH-), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and superoxide (O2 •-) in leaves/roots by 77/112, 63/103, 56/97 and 54/89%, as well as caused ultrastructural cellular damages in both leaves and roots. In response, plants activated a few enzymes, superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and reduced glutathione but were unable to stimulate the activity of ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and catalase (CAT) enzymes. The addition of BRs (especially at 10 nM) notably recovered the ultrastructural cellular damages, lowered the production of oxidative stress, activated the key enzymatic antioxidants and induced the phenolic and lignin contents. The downregulation in the particular genes by BRs is attributed to the increased resilience of sunflower via a susceptible reaction. In a nutshell, BRs notably enhanced the sunflower resistance to O. cumana infection by escalating the plant immunity responses, inducing systemic acquired resistance, reducing oxidative or cellular damages, and modulating the expression of BR synthesis or signalling genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Zhang
- Institute of Crop Science, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Spectroscopy Sensing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Skhawat Ali
- Institute of Crop Science, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Spectroscopy Sensing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qian Huang
- Institute of Crop Science, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Spectroscopy Sensing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chong Yang
- Institute of Biotechnology, Xianghu Laboratory, Hangzhou, China
| | - Basharat Ali
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Pakistan
| | - Weiqi Chen
- Institute of Crop Science, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Spectroscopy Sensing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kangni Zhang
- Institute of Crop Science, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Spectroscopy Sensing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Sharafat Ali
- Institute of Crop Science, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Spectroscopy Sensing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zaid Ulhassan
- Institute of Crop Science, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Spectroscopy Sensing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weijun Zhou
- Institute of Crop Science, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Spectroscopy Sensing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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3
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Cui Y, Wang K, Zhang C. Carbon Nanomaterials for Plant Priming through Mechanostimulation: Emphasizing the Role of Shape. ACS Nano 2024; 18:10829-10839. [PMID: 38607639 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c00557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
The use of nanomaterials to improve plant immunity for sustainable agriculture is gaining increasing attention; yet, the mechanisms involved remain unclear. In contrast to metal-based counterparts, carbon-based nanomaterials do not release components. Determining how these carbon-based nanomaterials strengthen the resistance of plants to diseases is essential as well as whether shape influences this process. Our study compared single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) and graphene oxide (GO) infiltration against the phytopathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv tomato DC3000. Compared with plants treated with GO, plants primed with SWNTs showed a 29% improvement in the pathogen resistance. Upon nanopriming, the plant displayed wound signaling with transcriptional regulation similar to that observed under brushing-induced mechanostimulation. Compared with GO, SWNTs penetrated more greatly into the leaf and improved transport, resulting in a heightened wound response; this effect resulted from the tubular structure of SWNTs, which differed from the planar form of GO. The shape effect was further demonstrated by wrapping SWNTs with bovine serum albumin, which masked the sharp edges of SWNTs and resulted in a significant decrease in the overall plant wound response. Finally, we clarified how the local wound response led to systemic immunity through increased calcium ion signaling in distant plant areas, which increased the antimicrobial efficacy. In summary, our systematic investigation established connections among carbon nanomaterial priming, mechanostimulation, and wound response, revealing recognition patterns in plant immunity. These findings promise to advance nanotechnology in sustainable agriculture by strengthening plant defenses, enhancing resilience, and reducing reliance on traditional chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueting Cui
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Kean Wang
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Chengdong Zhang
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100875, China
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4
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Liang B, Wang H, Yang C, Wang L, Qi L, Guo Z, Chen X. Salicylic Acid Is Required for Broad-Spectrum Disease Resistance in Rice. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031354. [PMID: 35163275 PMCID: PMC8836234 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Rice plants contain high basal levels of salicylic acid (SA), but some of their functions remain elusive. To elucidate the importance of SA homeostasis in rice immunity, we characterized four rice SA hydroxylase genes (OsSAHs) and verified their roles in SA metabolism and disease resistance. Recombinant OsSAH proteins catalyzed SA in vitro, while OsSAH3 protein showed only SA 5-hydroxylase (SA5H) activity, which was remarkably higher than that of other OsSAHs that presented both SA3H and SA5H activities. Amino acid substitutions revealed that three amino acids in the binding pocket affected SAH enzyme activity and/or specificity. Knockout OsSAH2 and OsSAH3 (sahKO) genes conferred enhanced resistance to both hemibiotrophic and necrotrophic pathogens, whereas overexpression of each OsSAH gene increased susceptibility to the pathogens. sahKO mutants showed increased SA and jasmonate levels compared to those of the wild type and OsSAH-overexpressing plants. Analysis of the OsSAH3 promoter indicated that its induction was mainly restricted around Magnaporthe oryzae infection sites. Taken together, our findings indicate that SA plays a vital role in immune signaling. Moreover, fine-tuning SA homeostasis through suppression of SA metabolism is an effective approach in studying broad-spectrum disease resistance in rice.
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Calla B. Diverse defenses: O-methylated flavonoids contribute to the maize arsenal against fungal pathogens. Plant Physiol 2022; 188:24-25. [PMID: 34747476 PMCID: PMC8774709 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiab518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bernarda Calla
- Department of Entomology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
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Moreno JE, Campos ML. Waking up for defense! Melatonin as a regulator of stomatal immunity in plants. Plant Physiol 2022; 188:14-15. [PMID: 35051290 PMCID: PMC8774749 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiab481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Javier Edgardo Moreno
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral (UNL-Conicet), Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Marcelo Lattarulo Campos
- Integrative Plant Research Laboratory, Departamento de Botânica e Ecologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, MT, Brazil
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Song GC, Jeon J, Choi HK, Sim H, Kim S, Ryu C. Bacterial type III effector-induced plant C8 volatiles elicit antibacterial immunity in heterospecific neighbouring plants via airborne signalling. Plant Cell Environ 2022; 45:236-247. [PMID: 34708407 PMCID: PMC9298316 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Upon sensing attack by pathogens and insect herbivores, plants release complex mixtures of volatile compounds. Here, we show that the infection of lima bean (Phaseolus lunatus L.) plants with the non-host bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato led to the production of microbe-induced plant volatiles (MIPVs). Surprisingly, the bacterial type III secretion system, which injects effector proteins directly into the plant cytosol to subvert host functions, was found to prime both intra- and inter-specific defense responses in neighbouring wild tobacco (Nicotiana benthamiana) plants. Screening of each of 16 effectors using the Pseudomonas fluorescens effector-to-host analyser revealed that an effector, HopP1, was responsible for immune activation in receiver tobacco plants. Further study demonstrated that 1-octen-3-ol, 3-octanone and 3-octanol are novel MIPVs emitted by the lima bean plant in a HopP1-dependent manner. Exposure to synthetic 1-octen-3-ol activated immunity in tobacco plants against a virulent pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. tabaci. Our results show for the first time that a bacterial type III effector can trigger the emission of C8 plant volatiles that mediate defense priming via plant-plant interactions. These results provide novel insights into the role of airborne chemicals in bacterial pathogen-induced inter-specific plant-plant interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geun Cheol Song
- Molecular Phytobacteriology LaboratoryInfectious Disease Research Center, KRIBBDaejeonSouth Korea
| | - Je‐Seung Jeon
- Molecular Phytobacteriology LaboratoryInfectious Disease Research Center, KRIBBDaejeonSouth Korea
| | - Hye Kyung Choi
- Molecular Phytobacteriology LaboratoryInfectious Disease Research Center, KRIBBDaejeonSouth Korea
| | - Hee‐Jung Sim
- Environmental Chemistry Research GroupKorea Institute of Toxicology (KIT)JinjuSouth Korea
| | - Sang‐Gyu Kim
- Department of Biological SciencesKorea Advanced Institute of Science and TechnologyDaejeonSouth Korea
| | - Choong‐Min Ryu
- Molecular Phytobacteriology LaboratoryInfectious Disease Research Center, KRIBBDaejeonSouth Korea
- Biosystems and Bioengineering ProgramUniversity of Science and Technology (UST)DaejeonSouth Korea
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Hussain A, Khan MI, Albaqami M, Mahpara S, Noorka IR, Ahmed MAA, Aljuaid BS, El-Shehawi AM, Liu Z, Farooq S, Zuan ATK. CaWRKY30 Positively Regulates Pepper Immunity by Targeting CaWRKY40 against Ralstonia solanacearum Inoculation through Modulating Defense-Related Genes. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222112091. [PMID: 34769521 PMCID: PMC8584995 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222112091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The WRKY transcription factors (TFs) network is composed of WRKY TFs’ subset, which performs a critical role in immunity regulation of plants. However, functions of WRKY TFs’ network remain unclear, particularly in non-model plants such as pepper (Capsicum annuum L.). This study functionally characterized CaWRKY30—a member of group III Pepper WRKY protein—for immunity of pepper against Ralstonia solanacearum infection. The CaWRKY30 was detected in nucleus, and its transcriptional expression levels were significantly upregulated by R. solanacearum inoculation (RSI), and foliar application ethylene (ET), abscisic acid (ABA), and salicylic acid (SA). Virus induced gene silencing (VIGS) of CaWRKY30 amplified pepper’s vulnerability to RSI. Additionally, the silencing of CaWRKY30 by VIGS compromised HR-like cell death triggered by RSI and downregulated defense-associated marker genes, like CaPR1, CaNPR1, CaDEF1, CaABR1, CaHIR1, and CaWRKY40. Conversely, transient over-expression of CaWRKY30 in pepper leaves instigated HR-like cell death and upregulated defense-related maker genes. Furthermore, transient over-expression of CaWRKY30 upregulated transcriptional levels of CaWRKY6, CaWRKY22, CaWRKY27, and CaWRKY40. On the other hand, transient over-expression of CaWRKY6, CaWRKY22, CaWRKY27, and CaWRKY40 upregulated transcriptional expression levels of CaWRKY30. The results recommend that newly characterized CaWRKY30 positively regulates pepper’s immunity against Ralstonia attack, which is governed by synergistically mediated signaling by phytohormones like ET, ABA, and SA, and transcriptionally assimilating into WRKY TFs networks, consisting of CaWRKY6, CaWRKY22, CaWRKY27, and CaWRKY40. Collectively, our data will facilitate to explicate the underlying mechanism of crosstalk between pepper’s immunity and response to RSI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ansar Hussain
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan 32200, Pakistan; (A.H.); (M.I.K.); (S.M.); (I.R.N.)
| | - Muhammad Ifnan Khan
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan 32200, Pakistan; (A.H.); (M.I.K.); (S.M.); (I.R.N.)
| | - Mohammed Albaqami
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Shahzadi Mahpara
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan 32200, Pakistan; (A.H.); (M.I.K.); (S.M.); (I.R.N.)
| | - Ijaz Rasool Noorka
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan 32200, Pakistan; (A.H.); (M.I.K.); (S.M.); (I.R.N.)
| | - Mohamed A. A. Ahmed
- Plant Production Department (Horticulture—Medicinal and Aromatic Plants), Faculty of Agriculture (Saba Basha), Alexandria University, Alexandria 21531, Egypt;
| | - Bandar S. Aljuaid
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia; (B.S.A.); (A.M.E.-S.)
| | - Ahmed M. El-Shehawi
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia; (B.S.A.); (A.M.E.-S.)
| | - Zhiqin Liu
- College of Crop Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350001, China
- Correspondence: (Z.L.); (A.T.K.Z.)
| | - Shahid Farooq
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Harran University, Şanlıurfa 63050, Turkey;
| | - Ali Tan Kee Zuan
- Department of Land Management, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
- Correspondence: (Z.L.); (A.T.K.Z.)
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Liu L, Hao L, Liu N, Zhao Y, Zhong N, Zhao P. iTRAQ-Based Proteomics Analysis of Response to Solanum tuberosum Leaves Treated with the Plant Phytotoxin Thaxtomin A. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222112036. [PMID: 34769466 PMCID: PMC8585116 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222112036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Thaxtomin A (TA) is a phytotoxin secreted by Streptomyces scabies that causes common scab in potatoes. However, the mechanism of potato proteomic changes in response to TA is barely known. In this study, the proteomic changes in potato leaves treated with TA were determined using the Isobaric Tags for Relative and Absolute Quantitation (iTRAQ) technique. A total of 693 proteins were considered as differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) following a comparison of leaves treated with TA and sterile water (as a control). Among the identified DEPs, 460 and 233 were upregulated and downregulated, respectively. Based on Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses, many DEPs were found to be involved in defense and stress responses. Most DEPs were grouped in carbohydrate metabolism, amino acid metabolism, energy metabolism, and secondary metabolism including oxidation-reduction process, response to stress, plant-pathogen interaction, and plant hormone signal transduction. In this study, we analyzed the changes in proteins to elucidate the mechanism of potato response to TA, and we provided a molecular basis to further study the interaction between plant and TA. These results also offer the option for potato breeding through analysis of the resistant common scab.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Liu
- College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Liaoyang Hao
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; (L.H.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Ning Liu
- National Engineering Research Center for Vegetables (Beijing Vegetable Research Center), Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China;
| | - Yonglong Zhao
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; (L.H.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Naiqin Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Microbial Technology of Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- The Enterprise Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Potato Fertilizer and Pesticide, Hulunbuir 021000, China
- Correspondence: (N.Z.); (P.Z.)
| | - Pan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Microbial Technology of Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- The Enterprise Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Potato Fertilizer and Pesticide, Hulunbuir 021000, China
- Correspondence: (N.Z.); (P.Z.)
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Laloum Y, Gangneux C, Gügi B, Lanoue A, Munsch T, Blum A, Gauthier A, Trinsoutrot-Gattin I, Boulogne I, Vicré M, Driouich A, Laval K, Follet-Gueye ML. Faba bean root exudates alter pea root colonization by the oomycete Aphanomyces euteiches at early stages of infection. Plant Sci 2021; 312:111032. [PMID: 34620436 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2021.111032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Aphanomyces euteiches is an oomycete pathogen that causes the pea root rot. We investigated the potential role of early belowground defense in pea (susceptible plant) and faba bean (tolerant plant) at three days after inoculation. Pea and faba bean were inoculated with A. euteiches zoospores. Root colonization was examined. Root exudates from pea and faba bean were harvested and their impact on A. euteiches development were assessed by using in vitro assays. A. euteiches root colonization and the influence of the oomycete inoculation on specialized metabolites patterns and arabinogalactan protein (AGP) concentration of root exudates were also determined. In faba bean root, A. euteiches colonization was very low as compared with that of pea. Whereas infected pea root exudates have a positive chemotaxis index (CI) on zoospores, faba bean exudate CI was negative suggesting a repellent effect. While furanoacetylenic compounds were only detected in faba bean exudates, AGP concentration was specifically increased in pea.This work showed that early in the course of infection, host susceptibility to A. euteiches is involved via a plant-species specific root exudation opening new perspectives in pea root rot disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohana Laloum
- AGHYLE research unit, UP 2018.C101, UniLaSalle Rouen 3 rue du tronquet CS 40118, 76134, Mont Saint Aignan, France; Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, Glyco-MEV, EA4358, SFR NORVEGE FED 4277, I2C Carnot, IRIB, 76000, Rouen, France
| | - Christophe Gangneux
- AGHYLE research unit, UP 2018.C101, UniLaSalle Rouen 3 rue du tronquet CS 40118, 76134, Mont Saint Aignan, France
| | - Bruno Gügi
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, Glyco-MEV, EA4358, SFR NORVEGE FED 4277, I2C Carnot, IRIB, 76000, Rouen, France
| | - Arnaud Lanoue
- Université de Tours, EA 2106 «Biomolécules et Biotechnologies Végétales», UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques, 31 Av. Monge, F37200, Tours, France
| | - Thibaut Munsch
- Université de Tours, EA 2106 «Biomolécules et Biotechnologies Végétales», UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques, 31 Av. Monge, F37200, Tours, France
| | - Adrien Blum
- AGHYLE research unit, UP 2018.C101, UniLaSalle Rouen 3 rue du tronquet CS 40118, 76134, Mont Saint Aignan, France
| | - Adrien Gauthier
- AGHYLE research unit, UP 2018.C101, UniLaSalle Rouen 3 rue du tronquet CS 40118, 76134, Mont Saint Aignan, France
| | - Isabelle Trinsoutrot-Gattin
- AGHYLE research unit, UP 2018.C101, UniLaSalle Rouen 3 rue du tronquet CS 40118, 76134, Mont Saint Aignan, France
| | - Isabelle Boulogne
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, Glyco-MEV, EA4358, SFR NORVEGE FED 4277, I2C Carnot, IRIB, 76000, Rouen, France
| | - Maïté Vicré
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, Glyco-MEV, EA4358, SFR NORVEGE FED 4277, I2C Carnot, IRIB, 76000, Rouen, France
| | - Azeddine Driouich
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, Glyco-MEV, EA4358, SFR NORVEGE FED 4277, I2C Carnot, IRIB, 76000, Rouen, France
| | - Karine Laval
- AGHYLE research unit, UP 2018.C101, UniLaSalle Rouen 3 rue du tronquet CS 40118, 76134, Mont Saint Aignan, France
| | - Marie-Laure Follet-Gueye
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, Glyco-MEV, EA4358, SFR NORVEGE FED 4277, I2C Carnot, IRIB, 76000, Rouen, France.
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Luo X, Wu W, Feng L, Treves H, Ren M. Short Peptides Make a Big Difference: The Role of Botany-Derived AMPs in Disease Control and Protection of Human Health. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:11363. [PMID: 34768793 PMCID: PMC8583512 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Botany-derived antimicrobial peptides (BAMPs), a class of small, cysteine-rich peptides produced in plants, are an important component of the plant immune system. Both in vivo and in vitro experiments have demonstrated their powerful antimicrobial activity. Besides in plants, BAMPs have cross-kingdom applications in human health, with toxic and/or inhibitory effects against a variety of tumor cells and viruses. With their diverse molecular structures, broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, multiple mechanisms of action, and low cytotoxicity, BAMPs provide ideal backbones for drug design, and are potential candidates for plant protection and disease treatment. Lots of original research has elucidated the properties and antimicrobial mechanisms of BAMPs, and characterized their surface receptors and in vivo targets in pathogens. In this paper, we review and introduce five kinds of representative BAMPs belonging to the pathogenesis-related protein family, dissect their antifungal, antiviral, and anticancer mechanisms, and forecast their prospects in agriculture and global human health. Through the deeper understanding of BAMPs, we provide novel insights for their applications in broad-spectrum and durable plant disease prevention and control, and an outlook on the use of BAMPs in anticancer and antiviral drug design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiumei Luo
- Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu Agricultural Science and Technology Center, Chengdu 610000, China; (X.L.); (W.W.); (L.F.)
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Science of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Wenxian Wu
- Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu Agricultural Science and Technology Center, Chengdu 610000, China; (X.L.); (W.W.); (L.F.)
| | - Li Feng
- Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu Agricultural Science and Technology Center, Chengdu 610000, China; (X.L.); (W.W.); (L.F.)
| | - Haim Treves
- School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 69978, Israel;
| | - Maozhi Ren
- Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu Agricultural Science and Technology Center, Chengdu 610000, China; (X.L.); (W.W.); (L.F.)
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Science of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya 572025, China
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12
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Pizarro L, Munoz D, Marash I, Gupta R, Anand G, Leibman-Markus M, Bar M. Cytokinin Modulates Cellular Trafficking and the Cytoskeleton, Enhancing Defense Responses. Cells 2021; 10:1634. [PMID: 34209875 PMCID: PMC8307962 DOI: 10.3390/cells10071634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The plant hormone cytokinin (CK) plays central roles in plant development and throughout plant life. The perception of CKs initiating their signaling cascade is mediated by histidine kinase receptors (AHKs). Traditionally thought to be perceived mostly at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) due to receptor localization, CK was recently reported to be perceived at the plasma membrane (PM), with CK and its AHK receptors being trafficked between the PM and the ER. Some of the downstream mechanisms CK employs to regulate developmental processes are unknown. A seminal report in this field demonstrated that CK regulates auxin-mediated lateral root organogenesis by regulating the endocytic recycling of the auxin carrier PIN1, but since then, few works have addressed this issue. Modulation of the cellular cytoskeleton and trafficking could potentially be a mechanism executing responses downstream of CK signaling. We recently reported that CK affects the trafficking of the pattern recognition receptor LeEIX2, influencing the resultant defense output. We have also recently found that CK affects cellular trafficking and the actin cytoskeleton in fungi. In this work, we take an in-depth look at the effects of CK on cellular trafficking and on the actin cytoskeleton in plant cells. We find that CK influences the actin cytoskeleton and endomembrane compartments, both in the context of defense signaling-where CK acts to amplify the signal-as well as in steady state. We show that CK affects the distribution of FLS2, increasing its presence in the plasma membrane. Furthermore, CK enhances the cellular response to flg22, and flg22 sensing activates the CK response. Our results are in agreement with what we previously reported for fungi, suggesting a fundamental role for CK in regulating cellular integrity and trafficking as a mechanism for controlling and executing CK-mediated processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Pizarro
- Institute of Agri-Food, Animal and Environmental Sciences, Universidad de O’Higgins, Rancagua 2820000, Chile;
| | - Daniela Munoz
- Institute of Agri-Food, Animal and Environmental Sciences, Universidad de O’Higgins, Rancagua 2820000, Chile;
| | - Iftah Marash
- Department of Plant Pathology and Weed Research, Institute of Plant Protection, ARO, Volcani Institute, Rishon LeZion 7505101, Israel; (I.M.); (R.G.); (G.A.); (M.L.-M.)
- School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Rupali Gupta
- Department of Plant Pathology and Weed Research, Institute of Plant Protection, ARO, Volcani Institute, Rishon LeZion 7505101, Israel; (I.M.); (R.G.); (G.A.); (M.L.-M.)
| | - Gautam Anand
- Department of Plant Pathology and Weed Research, Institute of Plant Protection, ARO, Volcani Institute, Rishon LeZion 7505101, Israel; (I.M.); (R.G.); (G.A.); (M.L.-M.)
| | - Meirav Leibman-Markus
- Department of Plant Pathology and Weed Research, Institute of Plant Protection, ARO, Volcani Institute, Rishon LeZion 7505101, Israel; (I.M.); (R.G.); (G.A.); (M.L.-M.)
| | - Maya Bar
- Department of Plant Pathology and Weed Research, Institute of Plant Protection, ARO, Volcani Institute, Rishon LeZion 7505101, Israel; (I.M.); (R.G.); (G.A.); (M.L.-M.)
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13
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Lyapina I, Filippova A, Kovalchuk S, Ziganshin R, Mamaeva A, Lazarev V, Latsis I, Mikhalchik E, Panasenko O, Ivanov O, Ivanov V, Fesenko I. Possible role of small secreted peptides (SSPs) in immune signaling in bryophytes. Plant Mol Biol 2021; 106:123-143. [PMID: 33713297 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-021-01133-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Plants utilize a plethora of peptide signals to regulate their immune response. Peptide ligands and their cognate receptors involved in immune signaling share common motifs among many species of vascular plants. However, the origin and evolution of immune peptides is still poorly understood. Here, we searched for genes encoding small secreted peptides in the genomes of three bryophyte lineages-mosses, liverworts and hornworts-that occupy a critical position in the study of land plant evolution. We found that bryophytes shared common predicted small secreted peptides (SSPs) with vascular plants. The number of SSPs is higher in the genomes of mosses than in both the liverwort Marchantia polymorpha and the hornwort Anthoceros sp. The synthetic peptide elicitors-AtPEP and StPEP-specific for vascular plants, triggered ROS production in the protonema of the moss Physcomitrella patens, suggesting the possibility of recognizing peptide ligands from angiosperms by moss receptors. Mass spectrometry analysis of the moss Physcomitrella patens, both the wild type and the Δcerk mutant secretomes, revealed peptides that specifically responded to chitosan treatment, suggesting their role in immune signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Lyapina
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anna Filippova
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey Kovalchuk
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Rustam Ziganshin
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anna Mamaeva
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vassili Lazarev
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ivan Latsis
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena Mikhalchik
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia
| | - Oleg Panasenko
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia
| | - Oleg Ivanov
- V.F. Kuprevich Institute of Experimental Botany of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Minsk, Republic of Belarus
| | - Vadim Ivanov
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Igor Fesenko
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
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14
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Kurokawa M, Nakano M, Kitahata N, Kuchitsu K, Furuya T. An efficient direct screening system for microorganisms that activate plant immune responses based on plant-microbe interactions using cultured plant cells. Sci Rep 2021; 11:7396. [PMID: 33795728 PMCID: PMC8016971 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-86560-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Microorganisms that activate plant immune responses have attracted considerable attention as potential biocontrol agents in agriculture because they could reduce agrochemical use. However, conventional methods to screen for such microorganisms using whole plants and pathogens are generally laborious and time consuming. Here, we describe a general strategy using cultured plant cells to identify microorganisms that activate plant defense responses based on plant-microbe interactions. Microbial cells were incubated with tobacco BY-2 cells, followed by treatment with cryptogein, a proteinaceous elicitor of tobacco immune responses secreted by an oomycete. Cryptogein-induced production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in BY-2 cells served as a marker to evaluate the potential of microorganisms to activate plant defense responses. Twenty-nine bacterial strains isolated from the interior of Brassica rapa var. perviridis plants were screened, and 8 strains that enhanced cryptogein-induced ROS production in BY-2 cells were selected. Following application of these strains to the root tip of Arabidopsis seedlings, two strains, Delftia sp. BR1R-2 and Arthrobacter sp. BR2S-6, were found to induce whole-plant resistance to bacterial pathogens (Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 and Pectobacterium carotovora subsp. carotovora NBRC 14082). Pathogen-induced expression of plant defense-related genes (PR-1, PR-5, and PDF1.2) was enhanced by the pretreatment with strain BR1R-2. This cell-cell interaction-based platform is readily applicable to large-scale screening for microorganisms that enhance plant defense responses under various environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mari Kurokawa
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641, Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Masataka Nakano
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641, Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Nobutaka Kitahata
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641, Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Kuchitsu
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641, Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Toshiki Furuya
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641, Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan.
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15
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Janse van Rensburg HC, Limami AM, Van den Ende W. Spermine and Spermidine Priming against Botrytis cinerea Modulates ROS Dynamics and Metabolism in Arabidopsis. Biomolecules 2021; 11:223. [PMID: 33562549 PMCID: PMC7914871 DOI: 10.3390/biom11020223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyamines (PAs) are ubiquitous small aliphatic polycations important for growth, development, and environmental stress responses in plants. Here, we demonstrate that exogenous application of spermine (Spm) and spermidine (Spd) induced cell death at high concentrations, but primed resistance against the necrotrophic fungus Botrytis cinerea in Arabidopsis. At low concentrations, Spm was more effective than Spd. Treatments with higher exogenous Spd and Spm concentrations resulted in a biphasic endogenous PA accumulation. Exogenous Spm induced the accumulation of H2O2 after treatment but also after infection with B. cinerea. Both Spm and Spd induced the activities of catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, and guaiacol peroxidase after treatment but also after infection with B. cinerea. The soluble sugars glucose, fructose, and sucrose accumulated after treatment with high concentrations of PAs, whereas only Spm induced sugar accumulation after infection. Total and active nitrate reductase (NR) activities were inhibited by Spm treatment, whereas Spd inhibited active NR at low concentrations but promoted active NR at high concentrations. Finally, γaminobutyric acid accumulated after treatment and infection in plants treated with high concentrations of Spm. Phenylalanine and asparagine also accumulated after infection in plants treated with a high concentration of Spm. Our data illustrate that Spm and Spd are effective in priming resistance against B. cinerea, opening the door for the development of sustainable alternatives for chemical pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anis M. Limami
- Univ Angers, Institut Agro, INRAE, IRHS, SFR QUASAV, F-49000 Angers, France;
| | - Wim Van den Ende
- Laboratory of Molecular Plant Biology, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31, 3001 Leuven, Belgium;
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16
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Shukla PS, Borza T, Critchley AT, Prithiviraj B. Seaweed-Based Compounds and Products for Sustainable Protection against Plant Pathogens. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:59. [PMID: 33504049 PMCID: PMC7911005 DOI: 10.3390/md19020059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sustainable agricultural practices increasingly demand novel, environmentally friendly compounds which induce plant immunity against pathogens. Stimulating plant immunity using seaweed extracts is a highly viable strategy, as these formulations contain many bio-elicitors (phyco-elicitors) which can significantly boost natural plant immunity. Certain bioactive elicitors present in a multitude of extracts of seaweeds (both commercially available and bench-scale laboratory formulations) activate pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) due to their structural similarity (i.e., analogous structure) with pathogen-derived molecules. This is achieved via the priming and/or elicitation of the defense responses of the induced systemic resistance (ISR) and systemic acquired resistance (SAR) pathways. Knowledge accumulated over the past few decades is reviewed here, aiming to explain why certain seaweed-derived bioactives have such tremendous potential to elicit plant defense responses with considerable economic significance, particularly with increasing biotic stress impacts due to climate change and the concomitant move to sustainable agriculture and away from synthetic chemistry and environmental damage. Various extracts of seaweeds display remarkably different modes of action(s) which can manipulate the plant defense responses when applied. This review focuses on both the similarities and differences amongst the modes of actions of several different seaweed extracts, as well as their individual components. Novel biotechnological approaches for the development of new commercial products for crop protection, in a sustainable manner, are also suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pushp Sheel Shukla
- Marine Bio-Products Research Laboratory, Department of Plant, Food and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS B2N5E3, Canada; (P.S.S.); (T.B.)
| | - Tudor Borza
- Marine Bio-Products Research Laboratory, Department of Plant, Food and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS B2N5E3, Canada; (P.S.S.); (T.B.)
| | - Alan T. Critchley
- Verschuren Centre for Sustainability in Energy and Environment, Cape Breton University, Sydney, NS B1M1A2, Canada;
| | - Balakrishnan Prithiviraj
- Marine Bio-Products Research Laboratory, Department of Plant, Food and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS B2N5E3, Canada; (P.S.S.); (T.B.)
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17
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Habash SS, Könen PP, Loeschcke A, Wüst M, Jaeger KE, Drepper T, Grundler FMW, Schleker ASS. The Plant Sesquiterpene Nootkatone Efficiently Reduces Heterodera schachtii Parasitism by Activating Plant Defense. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21249627. [PMID: 33348829 PMCID: PMC7765886 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21249627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant parasitic nematodes, including the beet cyst nematode Heterodera schachtii, constitute a devastating problem for crops worldwide. The limited availability of sustainable management options illustrates the need for new eco-friendly control means. Plant metabolites represent an invaluable source of active compounds for the discovery of such novel antagonistic agents. Here, we evaluated the impact of eight plant terpenoids on the H. schachtii parasitism of Arabidopsis thaliana. None of the metabolites affected the plant development (5 or 10 ppm). Nootkatone decreased the number of adult nematodes on A. thaliana to 50%, with the female nematodes being smaller compared to the control. In contrast, three other terpenoids increased the parasitism and/or female size. We discovered that nootkatone considerably decreased the number of nematodes that penetrated A. thaliana roots, but neither affected the nematode viability or attraction to plant roots, nor triggered the production of plant reactive oxygen species or changed the plant's sesquiterpene profile. However, we demonstrated that nootkatone led to a significant upregulation of defense-related genes involved in salicylic and jasmonic acid pathways. Our results indicate that nootkatone is a promising candidate to be developed into a novel plant protection agent acting as a stimulator of plant immunity against parasitic nematodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samer S. Habash
- Molecular Phytomedicine, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bonn, Karlrobert-Kreiten-Straße 13, 53115 Bonn, Germany;
- Bioeconomy Science Center (BioSC), Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany; (A.L.); k.- (K.-E.J.); (T.D.)
- Correspondence: (S.S.H.); (A.S.S.S.)
| | - Philipp P. Könen
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Institute of Nutritional and Food Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bonn, Endenicher Allee 19C, 53115 Bonn, Germany; (P.P.K.); (M.W.)
| | - Anita Loeschcke
- Bioeconomy Science Center (BioSC), Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany; (A.L.); k.- (K.-E.J.); (T.D.)
- Institute of Molecular Enzyme Technology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52426 Jülich, Germany
| | - Matthias Wüst
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Institute of Nutritional and Food Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bonn, Endenicher Allee 19C, 53115 Bonn, Germany; (P.P.K.); (M.W.)
| | - Karl-Erich Jaeger
- Bioeconomy Science Center (BioSC), Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany; (A.L.); k.- (K.-E.J.); (T.D.)
- Institute of Molecular Enzyme Technology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52426 Jülich, Germany
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences IBG-1: Biotechnology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Thomas Drepper
- Bioeconomy Science Center (BioSC), Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany; (A.L.); k.- (K.-E.J.); (T.D.)
- Institute of Molecular Enzyme Technology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52426 Jülich, Germany
| | - Florian M. W. Grundler
- Molecular Phytomedicine, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bonn, Karlrobert-Kreiten-Straße 13, 53115 Bonn, Germany;
- Bioeconomy Science Center (BioSC), Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany; (A.L.); k.- (K.-E.J.); (T.D.)
| | - A. Sylvia S. Schleker
- Molecular Phytomedicine, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bonn, Karlrobert-Kreiten-Straße 13, 53115 Bonn, Germany;
- Bioeconomy Science Center (BioSC), Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany; (A.L.); k.- (K.-E.J.); (T.D.)
- Correspondence: (S.S.H.); (A.S.S.S.)
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18
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Zhou Y, Jing M, Levy A, Wang H, Jiang S, Dou D. Molecular mechanism of nanochitin whisker elicits plant resistance against Phytophthora and the receptors in plants. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 165:2660-2667. [PMID: 33096175 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.10.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Revised: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Rod-like nanochitin (NC) whisker with cationic nature has a strong synergistic effect with fungicides on inhibition of tobacco root rot disease. This study we explored the activity of NC against Phytophthora and the mechanism for eliciting plant defense response and the receptors in planta. P. capsici isolates, model Nicotiana benthamiana plants and Arabidopsis thaliana were treated with 0.005% of NC suspension and 1 μM of flg22. Infection control efficacy against P. capsici isolates, biosynthetic enzyme activities and the PR genes expression were determined at different hours post treatment in plant. The infection control efficacy, ROS generation, and PTI maker gene expression were re-analyzed in A. thaliana Col-0, bak1 and cerk1 mutants. The results showed that NC did not exhibit inhibitory effect on vegetative growth of P. capsici, but enhanced the resistance against P. capsici by systemically enhanced phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity and PR gene expression. P. capsici resistance, PTI maker gene promotion, and ROS production in A. thaliana induced by NC depended not only on chitin receptor CERK1, but also BAK1. NC and flg22 induced oomycete immunity through a mechanism of a cross-microbe protection via the BAK1-CERK1 pathway in plant, pointing to the complexity of the plant immunity system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhou
- Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China; College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450002, China
| | - Maofeng Jing
- Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
| | - Amit Levy
- Citrus Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Lake Alfred, FL 33850, USA
| | - Hezhong Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450002, China; NanoAgro Center, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450002, China.
| | - Shijun Jiang
- College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450002, China; NanoAgro Center, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450002, China
| | - Daolong Dou
- Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China.
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Gupta A, Bhardwaj M, Tran LSP. Jasmonic Acid at the Crossroads of Plant Immunity and Pseudomonas syringae Virulence. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E7482. [PMID: 33050569 PMCID: PMC7589129 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21207482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Sensing of pathogen infection by plants elicits early signals that are transduced to affect defense mechanisms, such as effective blockage of pathogen entry by regulation of stomatal closure, cuticle, or callose deposition, change in water potential, and resource acquisition among many others. Pathogens, on the other hand, interfere with plant physiology and protein functioning to counteract plant defense responses. In plants, hormonal homeostasis and signaling are tightly regulated; thus, the phytohormones are qualified as a major group of signaling molecules controlling the most widely tinkered regulatory networks of defense and counter-defense strategies. Notably, the phytohormone jasmonic acid mediates plant defense responses to a wide array of pathogens. In this review, we present the synopsis on the jasmonic acid metabolism and signaling, and the regulatory roles of this hormone in plant defense against the hemibiotrophic bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syringae. We also elaborate on how this pathogen releases virulence factors and effectors to gain control over plant jasmonic acid signaling to effectively cause disease. The findings discussed in this review may lead to ideas for the development of crop cultivars with enhanced disease resistance by genetic manipulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aarti Gupta
- Department of Life Sciences, POSTECH Biotech Center, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Korea;
| | - Mamta Bhardwaj
- Department of Botany, Hindu Girls College, Maharshi Dayanand University, Sonipat 131001, India;
| | - Lam-Son Phan Tran
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, 03 Quang Trung, Da Nang 550000, Vietnam
- Stress Adaptation Research Unit, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 1-7-19 22, Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
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20
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Martin RL, Le Boulch P, Clin P, Schwarzenberg A, Yvin JC, Andrivon D, Nguema-Ona E, Val F. A comparison of PTI defense profiles induced in Solanum tuberosum by PAMP and non-PAMP elicitors shows distinct, elicitor-specific responses. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0236633. [PMID: 32785249 PMCID: PMC7423108 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0236633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The induction of general plant defense responses following the perception of external elicitors is now regarded as the first level of the plant immune response. Depending on the involvement or not of these molecules in pathogenicity, this induction of defense is called either Pathogen-Associated Molecular Pattern (PAMP) Triggered Immunity or Pattern Triggered Immunity-both abbreviated to PTI. Because PTI is assumed to be a widespread and stable form of resistance to infection, understanding the mechanisms driving it becomes a major goal for the sustainable management of plant-pathogen interactions. However, the induction of PTI is complex. Our hypotheses are that (i) the recognition by the plant of PAMPs vs non-PAMP elicitors leads to specific defense profiles and (ii) the responses specifically induced by PAMPs target critical life history traits of the pathogen that produced them. We thus analyzed, using a metabolomic approach coupled with transcriptomic and hormonal analyses, the defense profiles induced in potato foliage treated with either a Concentrated Culture Filtrate (CCF) from Phytophthora infestans or two non-PAMP preparations, β-aminobutyric acid (BABA) and an Ulva spp. Extract, used separately. Each elicitor induced specific defense profiles. CCF up-regulated sesquiterpenes but down-regulated sterols and phenols, notably α-chaconine, caffeoyl quinic acid and rutin, which decreased spore production of P. infestans in vitro. CCF thus induces both defense and counter-defense responses. By contrast, the Ulva extract triggered the synthesis of a large-spectrum of antimicrobial compounds through the phenylpropanoid/flavonoid pathways, while BABA targeted the primary metabolism. Hence, PTI can be regarded as a heterogeneous set of general and pathogen-specific responses triggered by the molecular signatures of each elicitor, rather than as a uniform, non-specific and broad-spectrum set of general defense reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafaela Lopes Martin
- AGROCAMPUS-OUEST, UMR IGEPP 1349-Institut de Génétique, Environnement et Protection des Plantes, Rennes, France
- Centre Mondial de l’Innovation Roullier, Laboratoire de Nutrition Végétale, Pôle Stress Biotiques, Saint Malo, France
| | - Pauline Le Boulch
- AGROCAMPUS-OUEST, UMR IGEPP 1349-Institut de Génétique, Environnement et Protection des Plantes, Rennes, France
| | - Pauline Clin
- AGROCAMPUS-OUEST, UMR IGEPP 1349-Institut de Génétique, Environnement et Protection des Plantes, Rennes, France
| | - Adrián Schwarzenberg
- Centre Mondial de l’Innovation Roullier, Laboratoire de Nutrition Végétale, Pôle Stress Biotiques, Saint Malo, France
| | - Jean-Claude Yvin
- Centre Mondial de l’Innovation Roullier, Laboratoire de Nutrition Végétale, Pôle Stress Biotiques, Saint Malo, France
| | - Didier Andrivon
- INRAE, UMR IGEPP 1349-Institut de Génétique, Environnement et Protection des Plantes, Le Rheu, France
| | - Eric Nguema-Ona
- Centre Mondial de l’Innovation Roullier, Laboratoire de Nutrition Végétale, Pôle Stress Biotiques, Saint Malo, France
| | - Florence Val
- AGROCAMPUS-OUEST, UMR IGEPP 1349-Institut de Génétique, Environnement et Protection des Plantes, Rennes, France
- Centre Mondial de l’Innovation Roullier, Laboratoire de Nutrition Végétale, Pôle Stress Biotiques, Saint Malo, France
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21
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Naseem M, Osmanoğlu Ö, Kaltdorf M, Alblooshi AAMA, Iqbal J, Howari FM, Srivastava M, Dandekar T. Integrated Framework of the Immune-Defense Transcriptional Signatures in the Arabidopsis Shoot Apical Meristem. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21165745. [PMID: 32796535 PMCID: PMC7460820 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21165745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The growing tips of plants grow sterile; therefore, disease-free plants can be generated from them. How plants safeguard growing apices from pathogen infection is still a mystery. The shoot apical meristem (SAM) is one of the three stem cells niches that give rise to the above ground plant organs. This is very well explored; however, how signaling networks orchestrate immune responses against pathogen infections in the SAM remains unclear. To reconstruct a transcriptional framework of the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) pertaining to various SAM cellular populations, we acquired large-scale transcriptome datasets from the public repository Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). We identify here distinct sets of genes for various SAM cellular populations that are enriched in immune functions, such as immune defense, pathogen infection, biotic stress, and response to salicylic acid and jasmonic acid and their biosynthetic pathways in the SAM. We further linked those immune genes to their respective proteins and identify interactions among them by mapping a transcriptome-guided SAM-interactome. Furthermore, we compared stem-cells regulated transcriptome with innate immune responses in plants showing transcriptional separation among their DEGs in Arabidopsis. Besides unleashing a repertoire of immune-related genes in the SAM, our analysis provides a SAM-interactome that will help the community in designing functional experiments to study the specific defense dynamics of the SAM-cellular populations. Moreover, our study promotes the essence of large-scale omics data re-analysis, allowing a fresh look at the SAM-cellular transcriptome repurposing data-sets for new questions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Naseem
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, College of Natural and Health Sciences, Zayed University, PO Box 144534-D, Abu Dhabi 4783, UAE; (A.A.M.A.A.); (J.I.); (F.M.H.)
- Department of Bioinformatics, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany; (Ö.O.); (M.K.); (M.S.)
- Correspondence: (M.N.); (T.D.)
| | - Özge Osmanoğlu
- Department of Bioinformatics, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany; (Ö.O.); (M.K.); (M.S.)
| | - Martin Kaltdorf
- Department of Bioinformatics, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany; (Ö.O.); (M.K.); (M.S.)
| | - Afnan Ali M. A. Alblooshi
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, College of Natural and Health Sciences, Zayed University, PO Box 144534-D, Abu Dhabi 4783, UAE; (A.A.M.A.A.); (J.I.); (F.M.H.)
| | - Jibran Iqbal
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, College of Natural and Health Sciences, Zayed University, PO Box 144534-D, Abu Dhabi 4783, UAE; (A.A.M.A.A.); (J.I.); (F.M.H.)
| | - Fares M. Howari
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, College of Natural and Health Sciences, Zayed University, PO Box 144534-D, Abu Dhabi 4783, UAE; (A.A.M.A.A.); (J.I.); (F.M.H.)
| | - Mugdha Srivastava
- Department of Bioinformatics, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany; (Ö.O.); (M.K.); (M.S.)
| | - Thomas Dandekar
- Department of Bioinformatics, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany; (Ö.O.); (M.K.); (M.S.)
- Correspondence: (M.N.); (T.D.)
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22
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Robineau M, Le Guenic S, Sanchez L, Chaveriat L, Lequart V, Joly N, Calonne M, Jacquard C, Declerck S, Martin P, Dorey S, Ait Barka E. Synthetic Mono-Rhamnolipids Display Direct Antifungal Effects and Trigger an Innate Immune Response in Tomato against Botrytis Cinerea. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25143108. [PMID: 32650401 PMCID: PMC7397090 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25143108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural rhamnolipids are potential biocontrol agents for plant protection against bacterial and fungal diseases. In this work, we synthetized new synthetic mono-rhamnolipids (smRLs) consisting in a rhamnose connected to a simple acyl chain and differing by the nature of the link and the length of the lipid tail. We then investigated the effects of these ether, ester, carbamate or succinate smRL derivatives on Botrytis cinerea development, symptoms spreading on tomato leaves and immune responses in tomato plants. Our results demonstrate that synthetic smRLs are able to trigger early and late immunity-related plant defense responses in tomato and increase plant resistance against B. cinerea in controlled conditions. Structure-function analysis showed that chain length of the lipidic part and type of acyl chain were critical to smRLs immune activity and to the extent of symptoms caused by the fungus on tomato leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathilde Robineau
- RIBP-EA 4707, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 51100 Reims, France
| | - Sarah Le Guenic
- UnilaSalle, Unité Transformations & Agroressources, Université d'Artois, ULR7519, F-62408 Béthune, France
| | - Lisa Sanchez
- RIBP-EA 4707, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 51100 Reims, France
| | - Ludovic Chaveriat
- UnilaSalle, Unité Transformations & Agroressources, Université d'Artois, ULR7519, F-62408 Béthune, France
| | - Vincent Lequart
- UnilaSalle, Unité Transformations & Agroressources, Université d'Artois, ULR7519, F-62408 Béthune, France
| | - Nicolas Joly
- UnilaSalle, Unité Transformations & Agroressources, Université d'Artois, ULR7519, F-62408 Béthune, France
| | - Maryline Calonne
- Earth and Life Institute, Applied Microbiology, Mycology, Université catholique de Louvain, Croix du Sud, 2 box L7.05.06, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Cédric Jacquard
- RIBP-EA 4707, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 51100 Reims, France
| | - Stéphane Declerck
- Earth and Life Institute, Applied Microbiology, Mycology, Université catholique de Louvain, Croix du Sud, 2 box L7.05.06, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Patrick Martin
- UnilaSalle, Unité Transformations & Agroressources, Université d'Artois, ULR7519, F-62408 Béthune, France
| | - Stephan Dorey
- RIBP-EA 4707, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 51100 Reims, France
| | - Essaid Ait Barka
- RIBP-EA 4707, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 51100 Reims, France
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Chan C, Panzeri D, Okuma E, Tõldsepp K, Wang YY, Louh GY, Chin TC, Yeh YH, Yeh HL, Yekondi S, Huang YH, Huang TY, Chiou TJ, Murata Y, Kollist H, Zimmerli L. STRESS INDUCED FACTOR 2 Regulates Arabidopsis Stomatal Immunity through Phosphorylation of the Anion Channel SLAC1. Plant Cell 2020; 32:2216-2236. [PMID: 32327536 PMCID: PMC7346559 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.19.00578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Upon recognition of microbes, pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) activate pattern-triggered immunity. FLAGELLIN SENSING2 (FLS2) and BRASSINOSTEROID INSENSITIVE1-ASSOCIATED KINASE1 (BAK1) form a typical PRR complex that senses bacteria. Here, we report that the kinase activity of the malectin-like receptor-like kinase STRESS INDUCED FACTOR 2 (SIF2) is critical for Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) resistance to bacteria by regulating stomatal immunity. SIF2 physically associates with the FLS2-BAK1 PRR complex and interacts with and phosphorylates the guard cell SLOW ANION CHANNEL1 (SLAC1), which is necessary for abscisic acid (ABA)-mediated stomatal closure. SIF2 is also required for the activation of ABA-induced S-type anion currents in Arabidopsis protoplasts, and SIF2 is sufficient to activate SLAC1 anion channels in Xenopus oocytes. SIF2-mediated activation of SLAC1 depends on specific phosphorylation of Ser 65. This work reveals that SIF2 functions between the FLS2-BAK1 initial immunity receptor complex and the final actuator SLAC1 in stomatal immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching Chan
- Department of Life Science and Institute of Plant Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Dario Panzeri
- Department of Life Science and Institute of Plant Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Eiji Okuma
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | | | - Ya-Yun Wang
- Department of Life Science and Institute of Plant Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Guan-Yu Louh
- Department of Life Science and Institute of Plant Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Chuan Chin
- Department of Life Science and Institute of Plant Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hung Yeh
- Department of Life Science and Institute of Plant Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Ling Yeh
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Shweta Yekondi
- Department of Life Science and Institute of Plant Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - You-Huei Huang
- Department of Life Science and Institute of Plant Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Tai-Yuan Huang
- Department of Life Science and Institute of Plant Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Tzyy-Jen Chiou
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Yoshiyuki Murata
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | | | - Laurent Zimmerli
- Department of Life Science and Institute of Plant Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
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24
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Jing Y, Shen N, Zheng X, Fu A, Zhao F, Lan W, Luan S. Danger-Associated Peptide Regulates Root Immune Responses and Root Growth by Affecting ROS Formation in Arabidopsis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21134590. [PMID: 32605179 PMCID: PMC7369728 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21134590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant elicitor peptides (Peps) are damage/danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) that are perceived by a pair of receptor-like kinases, PEPR1 and PEPR2, to enhance innate immunity and induce the growth inhibition of root in Arabidopsis thaliana. In this study, we show that PEPR1 and PEPR2 function vitally in roots to regulate the root immune responses when treating the roots with bacterial pathogen Pst DC3000. PEPR2, rather than PEPR1, played a predominant role in the perception of Pep1 in the roots and further triggered a strong ROS accumulation—the substance acts as an antimicrobial agent or as a secondary messenger in plant cells. Consistently, seedlings mutating two major ROS-generating enzyme genes, respiratory burst oxidase homologs D and F (RBOHD and RBOHF), abolished the root ROS accumulation and impaired the growth inhibition of the roots induced by Pep1. Furthermore, we revealed that botrytis-induced kinase 1 (BIK1) physically interacted with PEPRs and RBOHD/F, respectively, and served downstream of the Pep1-PEPRs signaling pathway to regulate Pep1-induced ROS production and root growth inhibition. In conclusion, this study demonstrates a previously unrecognized signaling crosstalk between Pep1 and ROS signaling to regulate root immune response and root growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Jing
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China; (Y.J.); (X.Z.); (A.F.)
- Nanjing University-Nanjing Forestry University Joint Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; (N.S.); (F.Z.)
| | - Nuo Shen
- Nanjing University-Nanjing Forestry University Joint Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; (N.S.); (F.Z.)
| | - Xiaojiang Zheng
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China; (Y.J.); (X.Z.); (A.F.)
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Aigen Fu
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China; (Y.J.); (X.Z.); (A.F.)
| | - Fugeng Zhao
- Nanjing University-Nanjing Forestry University Joint Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; (N.S.); (F.Z.)
| | - Wenzhi Lan
- Nanjing University-Nanjing Forestry University Joint Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; (N.S.); (F.Z.)
- Correspondence: (W.L.); (S.L.)
| | - Sheng Luan
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Correspondence: (W.L.); (S.L.)
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25
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Gao S, Ma W, Lyu X, Cao X, Yao Y. Melatonin may increase disease resistance and flavonoid biosynthesis through effects on DNA methylation and gene expression in grape berries. BMC Plant Biol 2020; 20:231. [PMID: 32448301 PMCID: PMC7247213 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-020-02445-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Melatonin can regulate plant growth, development and biotic responses by causing global changes in gene expression; however, the melatonin-induced changes in gene expression via the modification of DNA methylation remain unclear in plants. RESULTS A total of 1,169,852 and 1,008,894 methylated cytosines (mCs) were identified in the control and melatonin-treated grape berries, respectively, and mCs occurred primarily at CG sites, followed by CHG sites and CHH sites. Compared to the control, melatonin treatment broadly decreased methylation levels at CHG and particularly CHH sites in various gene regions. Melatonin treatment generated a total of 25,125 differentially methylated regions (DMRs), which included 6517 DMR-associated genes. RNA-Seq demonstrated that 2479 genes were upregulated, and 1072 genes were repressed by melatonin treatment. The evaluation of the interconnection of the DNA methylome and transcriptome identified 144 genes showing a negative correlation between promoter methylation and gene expression, which were primarily related to biotic stress responses and flavonoid biosynthesis. Additionally, the application of 5́-azacytidine and melatonin led to similar effects on mycelial growth of B. cinerea, berry decay rate and flavonoid biosynthesis. Moreover, EDS1 was used to show that melatonin increased gene expression by decreasing promoter methylation levels. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrated that melatonin broadly decreased DNA methylation and altered gene expression in grape berries. We propose that melatonin increases disease resistance and flavonoid biosynthesis by decreasing the methylation levels of the promoters of the genes involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiwei Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Wanyun Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Xinning Lyu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaolei Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Yuxin Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, 271018, Shandong, China.
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26
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Li SF, Allen PJ, Napoli RS, Browne RG, Pham H, Parish RW. MYB-bHLH-TTG1 Regulates Arabidopsis Seed Coat Biosynthesis Pathways Directly and Indirectly via Multiple Tiers of Transcription Factors. Plant Cell Physiol 2020; 61:1005-1018. [PMID: 32154880 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcaa027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
MYB-bHLH-WDR (MBW) transcription factor (TF) complexes regulate Arabidopsis seed coat development including mucilage and tannin biosynthesis. The R2R3 MYBs MYB5, MYB23 and TRANSPARENT TESTA2 (TT2) participate in the MBW complexes with the WD-repeat protein TRANSPARENT TESTA GLABRA1 (TTG1). These complexes regulate GLABRA2 (GL2) and TTG2 expression in developing seeds. Microarray transcriptome analysis of ttg1-1- and wild-type (Ler) developing seeds identified 246 TTG1-regulated genes, which include all known metabolic genes of the tannin biosynthetic pathway. The first detailed TTG1-dependent metabolic pathways could be proposed for the biosynthesis of mucilage, jasmonic acid (JA) and cuticle including wax ester in developing seeds. We also assigned many known and previously uncharacterized genes to the activation/inactivation of hormones, plant immunity and nutrient transport. The promoters of six cuticle pathway genes were active in developing seeds. Expression of 11 genes was determined in the developing seeds of the combinatorial mutants of MYB5, MYB23 and TT2, and in the combinatorial mutants of GL2, HOMEODOMAIN GLABROUS2 (HDG2) and TTG2. These six TFs positively co-regulated the expression of four repressor genes while three of the six TFs repressed the wax biosynthesis genes examined, suggesting that the three TFs upregulate the expression of these repressor genes, which, in turn, repress the wax biosynthesis genes. Chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis identified 21 genes directly regulated by MYB5 including GL2, HDG2, TTG2, four repressor genes and various metabolic genes. We propose a multi-tiered regulatory mechanism by which MBWs regulate tannin, mucilage, JA and cuticle biosynthetic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Feng Li
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, AgriBio, Centre for AgriBioscience, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia
| | - Patrick J Allen
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, AgriBio, Centre for AgriBioscience, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia
| | - Ross S Napoli
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, AgriBio, Centre for AgriBioscience, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia
| | - Richard G Browne
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, AgriBio, Centre for AgriBioscience, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia
| | - Hanh Pham
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, AgriBio, Centre for AgriBioscience, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia
| | - Roger W Parish
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, AgriBio, Centre for AgriBioscience, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia
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27
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Patel JS, Selvaraj V, Gunupuru LR, Rathor PK, Prithiviraj B. Combined application of Ascophyllum nodosum extract and chitosan synergistically activates host-defense of peas against powdery mildew. BMC Plant Biol 2020; 20:113. [PMID: 32164536 PMCID: PMC7069196 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-020-2287-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Powdery mildew (PM) is an important disease of pea that reduce yield. Ascophyllum nodosum extract (ANE) and chitosan (CHT) are biostimulants used to improve plant health. Efficacy of ANE and CHT was assessed individually and in combination against pea powdery mildew. RESULTS Combined applications of ANE and CHT had a significant inhibitory effect on pathogen development and it reduced disease severity to 35%, as compared to control (90.5%). The combination of ANE and CHT enhanced the activity of plant defense enzymes; phenylalanine ammonia lyases (PAL), peroxidase (PO) and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Further, the treatment increased the expression of a number of plant defense genes in jasmonic acid (JA) signaling pathway such as LOX1 and COI and salicylic acid (SA)-mediated signaling pathway such as NPR1 and PR1. Other genes involved in defense mechanisms like NADPH oxidase and C4H were also upregulated by the combination treatment. CONCLUSION The combination of ANE and CHT suppresses pea powdery mildew largely by modulating JA and SA-mediated signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jai Singh Patel
- Department of Plant Food and Environmental Sciences, Dalhousie University, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Vinodkumar Selvaraj
- Department of Plant Food and Environmental Sciences, Dalhousie University, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Lokanadha Rao Gunupuru
- Department of Plant Food and Environmental Sciences, Dalhousie University, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Pramod Kumar Rathor
- Department of Plant Food and Environmental Sciences, Dalhousie University, Nova Scotia, Canada
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28
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Arruebarrena Di Palma A, Di Fino LM, Salvatore SR, D'Ambrosio JM, García-Mata C, Schopfer FJ, Laxalt AM. Nitro-oleic acid triggers ROS production via NADPH oxidase activation in plants: A pharmacological approach. J Plant Physiol 2020; 246-247:153128. [PMID: 32065921 PMCID: PMC7153499 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2020.153128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Nitrated fatty acids (NO2-FAs) are important signaling molecules in mammals. NO2-FAs are formed by the addition reaction of nitric oxide- and nitrite-derived nitrogen dioxide with unsaturated fatty acid double bonds. The study of NO2-FAs in plant systems constitutes an interesting and emerging area. The presence of NO2-FA has been reported in olives, peas, rice and Arabidopsis. To gain a better understanding of the role of NO2-FA on plant physiology, we analyzed the effects of exogenous application of nitro-oleic acid (NO2-OA). In tomato cell suspensions we found that NO2-OA induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in a dose-dependent manner via activation of NADPH oxidases, a mechanism that requires calcium entry from the extracellular compartment and protein kinase activation. In tomato and Arabidopsis leaves, NO2-OA treatments induced two waves of ROS production, resembling plant defense responses. Arabidopsis NADPH oxidase mutants showed that NADPH isoform D (RBOHD) was required for NO2-OA-induced ROS production. In addition, on Arabidopsis isolated epidermis, NO2-OA induced stomatal closure via RBOHD and F. Altogether, these results indicate that NO2-OA triggers NADPH oxidase activation revealing a new signaling role in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés Arruebarrena Di Palma
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas, CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Luciano M Di Fino
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas, CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Sonia R Salvatore
- Department of Pharmacology & Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Juan Martín D'Ambrosio
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas, CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Carlos García-Mata
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas, CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Francisco J Schopfer
- Department of Pharmacology & Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| | - Ana M Laxalt
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas, CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Mar del Plata, Argentina.
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Goto Y, Maki N, Ichihashi Y, Kitazawa D, Igarashi D, Kadota Y, Shirasu K. Exogenous Treatment with Glutamate Induces Immune Responses in Arabidopsis. Mol Plant Microbe Interact 2020; 33:474-487. [PMID: 31721650 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-09-19-0262-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Plant resistance inducers (PRIs) are compounds that protect plants from diseases by activating immunity responses. Exogenous treatment with glutamate (Glu), an important amino acid for all living organisms, induces resistance against fungal pathogens in rice and tomato. To understand the molecular mechanisms of Glu-induced immunity, we used the Arabidopsis model system. We found that exogenous treatment with Glu induces resistance against pathogens in Arabidopsis. Consistent with this, transcriptome analyses of Arabidopsis seedlings showed that Glu significantly induces the expression of wound-, defense-, and stress-related genes. Interestingly, Glu activates the expression of genes induced by pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) or damage-associated molecular patterns at much later time points than the flg22 peptide, which is a bacterial-derived PAMP. The Glu receptor-like (GLR) proteins GLR3.3 and GLR3.6 are involved in the early expression of Glu-inducible genes; however, the sustained expression of these genes does not require the GLR proteins. Glu-inducible gene expression is also not affected by mutations in genes that encode PAMP receptors (EFR, FLS2, and CERK1), regulators of pattern-triggered immunity (BAK1, BKK1, BIK1, and PBL1), or a salicylic acid biosynthesis enzyme (SID2). The treatment of roots with Glu activates the expression of PAMP-, salicylic acid-, and jasmonic acid-inducible genes in leaves. Moreover, the treatment of roots with Glu primes chitin-induced responses in leaves, possibly through transcriptional activation of LYSIN-MOTIF RECEPTOR-LIKE KINASE 5 (LYK5), which encodes a chitin receptor. Because Glu treatment does not cause discernible growth retardation, Glu can be used as an effective PRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukihisa Goto
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Plant Immunity Research Group, Suehiro-cho 1-7-22 Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
- Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8654, Japan
| | - Noriko Maki
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Plant Immunity Research Group, Suehiro-cho 1-7-22 Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Yasunori Ichihashi
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Plant Immunity Research Group, Suehiro-cho 1-7-22 Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
- JST, PRESTO, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - Daisuke Kitazawa
- Frontier Research Labs, Institute for Innovation, Ajinomoto Co., Inc., 1-1 Suzuki-cho, Kawasaki 210-8681, Japan
| | - Daisuke Igarashi
- Frontier Research Labs, Institute for Innovation, Ajinomoto Co., Inc., 1-1 Suzuki-cho, Kawasaki 210-8681, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Kadota
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Plant Immunity Research Group, Suehiro-cho 1-7-22 Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Ken Shirasu
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Plant Immunity Research Group, Suehiro-cho 1-7-22 Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
- Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8654, Japan
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Peng Q, Wang Z, Liu P, Liang Y, Zhao Z, Li W, Liu X, Xia Y. Oxathiapiprolin, a Novel Chemical Inducer Activates the Plant Disease Resistance. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E1223. [PMID: 32059380 PMCID: PMC7072870 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21041223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxathiapiprolin was developed as a specific plant pathogenic oomycete inhibitor, previously shown to have highly curative and protective activities against the pepper Phytophthora blight disease under field and greenhouse tests. Therefore, it was hypothesized that oxathiapiprolin might potentially activate the plant disease resistance against pathogen infections. This study investigated the potential and related mechanism of oxathiapiprolin to activate the plant disease resistance using the bacterium Pseudomonas syringae pv tomato (Pst) and plant Arabidopsis interaction as the targeted system. Our results showed that oxathiapiprolin could activate the plant disease resistance against Pst DC3000, a non-target pathogen of oxathiapiprolin, in Arabidopsis, tobacco, and tomato plants. Our results also showed the enhanced callose deposition and H2O2 accumulation in the oxathiapiprolin-treated Arabidopsis under the induction of flg22 as the pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP) treatment. Furthermore, increased levels of free salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA) were detected in the oxathiapiprolin-treated Arabidopsis plants compared to the mock-treated ones under the challenge of Pst DC3000. Besides, the gene expression results confirmed that at 24 h after the infiltration with Pst DC3000, the oxathiapiprolin-treated Arabidopsis plants had upregulated expression levels of the respiratory burst oxidase homolog D (RBOHD), JA-responsive gene (PDF1.2), and SA-responsive genes (PR1, PR2, and PR5) compared to the control. Taken together, oxathiapiprolin is identified as a novel chemical inducer which activates the plant disease resistance against Pst DC3000 by enhancing the callose deposition, H2O2 accumulation, and hormone SA and JA production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Peng
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (Q.P.); (Z.W.); (P.L.)
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Food, Agricultural, and Environmental Science, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA;
| | - Zhiwen Wang
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (Q.P.); (Z.W.); (P.L.)
| | - Pengfei Liu
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (Q.P.); (Z.W.); (P.L.)
| | - Yinping Liang
- College of Agronomy & Key Laboratory for Major Crop Diseases, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China;
| | - Zhenzhen Zhao
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Food, Agricultural, and Environmental Science, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA;
| | - Wenhui Li
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China;
| | - Xili Liu
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (Q.P.); (Z.W.); (P.L.)
| | - Ye Xia
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Food, Agricultural, and Environmental Science, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA;
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Han B, Jiang Y, Cui G, Mi J, Roelfsema MRG, Mouille G, Sechet J, Al-Babili S, Aranda M, Hirt H. CATION-CHLORIDE CO-TRANSPORTER 1 (CCC1) Mediates Plant Resistance against Pseudomonas syringae. Plant Physiol 2020; 182:1052-1065. [PMID: 31806735 PMCID: PMC6997689 DOI: 10.1104/pp.19.01279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Plasma membrane (PM) depolarization functions as an initial step in plant defense signaling pathways. However, only a few ion channels/transporters have been characterized in the context of plant immunity. Here, we show that the Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) Na+:K+:2Cl- (NKCC) cotransporter CCC1 has a dual function in plant immunity. CCC1 functions independently of PM depolarization and negatively regulates pathogen-associated molecular pattern-triggered immunity. However, CCC1 positively regulates plant basal and effector-triggered resistance to Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (Pst) DC3000. In line with the compromised immunity to Pst DC3000, ccc1 mutants show reduced expression of genes encoding enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of antimicrobial peptides, camalexin, and 4-OH-ICN, as well as pathogenesis-related proteins. Moreover, genes involved in cell wall and cuticle biosynthesis are constitutively down-regulated in ccc1 mutants, and the cell walls of these mutants exhibit major changes in monosaccharide composition. The role of CCC1 ion transporter activity in the regulation of plant immunity is corroborated by experiments using the specific NKCC inhibitor bumetanide. These results reveal a function for ion transporters in immunity-related cell wall fortification and antimicrobial biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoda Han
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), DARWIN21, Biological and Environmental Science & Engineering Division (BESE), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yunhe Jiang
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), DARWIN21, Biological and Environmental Science & Engineering Division (BESE), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Guoxin Cui
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Red Sea Research Center (RSRC), Biological and Environmental Science & Engineering Division (BESE), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jianing Mi
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), DARWIN21, Biological and Environmental Science & Engineering Division (BESE), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - M Rob G Roelfsema
- Department of Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, University of Würzburg, D-97082 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Grégory Mouille
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, INRA, AgroParisTech, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 78000 Versailles, France
| | - Julien Sechet
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, INRA, AgroParisTech, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 78000 Versailles, France
| | - Salim Al-Babili
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), DARWIN21, Biological and Environmental Science & Engineering Division (BESE), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manuel Aranda
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Red Sea Research Center (RSRC), Biological and Environmental Science & Engineering Division (BESE), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Heribert Hirt
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), DARWIN21, Biological and Environmental Science & Engineering Division (BESE), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
- Max Perutz Laboratories, University of Vienna, 1030 Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay IPS2, CNRS, INRA, Université Paris-Sud, Université Evry, Université Paris-Saclay, Bâtiment 630, 91405 Orsay, France
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Zhang P, Zheng F, Chen L, Lu X, Tian W. CIP elicitors on the defense response of A. macrocephala and its related gene expression analysis. J Plant Physiol 2020; 245:153107. [PMID: 31881440 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2019.153107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Plant-derived elicitor is a new type of plant vaccine developed in the contemporary era, and it has safe and broad application prospects in organic agriculture. Research on defense mechanisms triggered by elicitor has become a hot topic in recent years. The Chrysanthemum indicum polysaccharide (CIP) obtained by separation and purification from Chrysanthemum indicum was used as an elicitor in this work. This elicitor has been shown to be effective in Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz (A. macrocephala) against Sclerotium rolfsii sacc (S. rolfsii) infection and soil-borne diseases. However, the mechanism of induced disease resistance has not been elucidated. In this research, we study the CIP-induced A. macrocephala defense response from the level of signal molecules and the defensive enzyme gene expression. Several defense responses to CIP treatment have been found in A. macrocephala, including early hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production, accumulation of salicylic acid (SA) and increased phytoalexin (PA) content. In addition, CIP significantly increased the activity of related defense enzymes in A. macrocephala. RT-qPCR analysis showed that defense-related genes such as polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) were up-regulated after CIP treatment. To obtain the sequence of the defense enzyme gene, we are the first to provide a public and comprehensive A. macrocephala database by transcriptome sequencing. These results together demonstrate that CIP triggers defense responses in A. macrocephala. Our research not only provides further research on immune mechanism between plant and elicitor, but also sheds new light on strategy for biocontrol in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peifeng Zhang
- Department of Forestry and Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Forest Culture Cultivation Base, Natural Medicine Laboratory, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, PR China
| | - Fang Zheng
- Department of Forestry and Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Forest Culture Cultivation Base, Natural Medicine Laboratory, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, PR China
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Forestry and Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Forest Culture Cultivation Base, Natural Medicine Laboratory, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, PR China
| | - Xiaofang Lu
- Department of Forestry and Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Forest Culture Cultivation Base, Natural Medicine Laboratory, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, PR China
| | - Wei Tian
- Department of Forestry and Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Forest Culture Cultivation Base, Natural Medicine Laboratory, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, PR China.
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Hu J, Ren B, Dong S, Liu P, Zhao B, Zhang J. Comparative proteomic analysis reveals that exogenous 6-benzyladenine (6-BA) improves the defense system activity of waterlogged summer maize. BMC Plant Biol 2020; 20:44. [PMID: 31996151 PMCID: PMC6988316 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-020-2261-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exogenous 6-benzyladenine (6-BA) could improve leaf defense system activity. In order to better understand the regulation mechanism of exogenous 6-benzyladenine (6-BA) on waterlogged summer maize, three treatments including control (CK), waterlogging at the third leaf stage for 6 days (V3-6), and application of 100 mg dm- 3 6-BA after waterlogging for 6 days (V3-6-B), were employed using summer maize hybrid DengHai 605 (DH605) as the experimental material. We used a labeling liquid chromatography-based quantitative proteomics approach with tandem mass tags to determine the changes in leaf protein abundance level at the tasseling stage. RESULTS Waterlogging significantly hindered plant growth and decreased the activities of SOD, POD and CAT. In addition, the activity of LOX was significantly increased after waterlogging. As a result, the content of MDA and H2O2 was significantly increased which incurred serious damages on cell membrane and cellular metabolism of summer maize. And, the leaf emergence rate, plant height and grain yield were significantly decreased by waterlogging. However, application of 6-BA effectively mitigated these adverse effects induced by waterlogging. Compared with V3-6, SOD, POD and CAT activity of V3-6-B were increased by 6.9, 12.4, and 18.5%, LOX were decreased by 13.6%. As a consequence, the contents of MDA and H2O2 in V3-6-B were decreased by 22.1 and 17.2%, respectively, compared to that of V3-6. In addition, the leaf emergence rate, plant height and grain yield were significantly increased by application of 6-BA. Based on proteomics profiling, the proteins involved in protein metabolism, ROS scavenging and fatty acid metabolism were significantly regulated by 6-BA, which suggested that application of 6-BA exaggerated the defensive response of summer maize at proteomic level. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrated that 6-BA had contrastive effects on waterlogged summer maize. By regulating key proteins related to ROS scavenging and fatty acid metabolism, 6-BA effectively increased the defense system activity of waterlogged summer maize, then balanced the protein metabolism and improved the plant physiological traits and grain yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology and College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018 People’s Republic of China
| | - Baizhao Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology and College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018 People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuting Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology and College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018 People’s Republic of China
| | - Peng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology and College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018 People’s Republic of China
| | - Bin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology and College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiwang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology and College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018 People’s Republic of China
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Liu F, Zhao Q, Jia Z, Song C, Huang Y, Ma H, Song S. N-3-oxo-octanoyl-homoserine lactone-mediated priming of resistance to Pseudomonas syringae requires the salicylic acid signaling pathway in Arabidopsis thaliana. BMC Plant Biol 2020; 20:38. [PMID: 31992205 PMCID: PMC6986161 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-019-2228-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUD Many Gram-negative bacteria use N-acyl-homoserine lactones (AHLs) to communicate each other and to coordinate their collective behaviors. Recently, accumulating evidence shows that host plants are able to sense and respond to bacterial AHLs. Once primed, plants are in an altered state that enables plant cells to more quickly and/or strongly respond to subsequent pathogen infection or abiotic stress. RESULTS In this study, we report that pretreatment with N-3-oxo-octanoyl-homoserine lactone (3OC8-HSL) confers resistance against the pathogenic bacterium Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 (PstDC3000) in Arabidopsis. Pretreatment with 3OC8-HSL and subsequent pathogen invasion triggered an augmented burst of hydrogen peroxide, salicylic acid accumulation, and fortified expression of the pathogenesis-related genes PR1 and PR5. Upon PstDC3000 challenge, plants treated with 3OC8-HSL showed increased activities of defense-related enzymes including peroxidase, catalase, phenylalanine ammonialyase, and superoxide dismutase. In addition, the 3OC8-HSL-primed resistance to PstDC3000 in wild-type plants was impaired in plants expressing the bacterial NahG gene and in the npr1 mutant. Moreover, the expression levels of isochorismate synthases (ICS1), a critical salicylic acid biosynthesis enzyme, and two regulators of its expression, SARD1 and CBP60g, were potentiated by 3OC8-HSL pretreatment followed by pathogen inoculation. CONCLUSIONS Our data indicate that 3OC8-HSL primes the Arabidopsis defense response upon hemibiotrophic bacterial infection and that 3OC8-HSL-primed resistance is dependent on the SA signaling pathway. These findings may help establish a novel strategy for the control of plant disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Liu
- Biology Institute, Hebei Academy of Sciences, 46th South Street of Friendship, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China
- Hebei Engineering and Technology Center of Microbiological Control on Main Crop Disease, 46th South Street of Friendship, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China
| | - Qian Zhao
- Biology Institute, Hebei Academy of Sciences, 46th South Street of Friendship, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China
- Hebei Engineering and Technology Center of Microbiological Control on Main Crop Disease, 46th South Street of Friendship, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China
| | - Zhenhua Jia
- Biology Institute, Hebei Academy of Sciences, 46th South Street of Friendship, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China.
- Hebei Engineering and Technology Center of Microbiological Control on Main Crop Disease, 46th South Street of Friendship, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China.
| | - Cong Song
- Biology Institute, Hebei Academy of Sciences, 46th South Street of Friendship, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China
- Hebei Engineering and Technology Center of Microbiological Control on Main Crop Disease, 46th South Street of Friendship, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China
| | - Yali Huang
- Biology Institute, Hebei Academy of Sciences, 46th South Street of Friendship, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China
- Hebei Engineering and Technology Center of Microbiological Control on Main Crop Disease, 46th South Street of Friendship, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China
| | - Hong Ma
- Biology Institute, Hebei Academy of Sciences, 46th South Street of Friendship, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China
- Hebei Engineering and Technology Center of Microbiological Control on Main Crop Disease, 46th South Street of Friendship, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China
| | - Shuishan Song
- Biology Institute, Hebei Academy of Sciences, 46th South Street of Friendship, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China.
- Hebei Engineering and Technology Center of Microbiological Control on Main Crop Disease, 46th South Street of Friendship, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China.
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Fu L, Wang Z, Dhankher OP, Xing B. Nanotechnology as a new sustainable approach for controlling crop diseases and increasing agricultural production. J Exp Bot 2020; 71:507-519. [PMID: 31270541 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erz314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Climate change will negatively affect crop production by exacerbating the incidence of disease and decreasing the efficacy of conventional approaches to disease control. Nanotechnology is a promising new strategy for plant disease management that has many advantages over conventional products and approaches, such as better efficacy, reduced input requirements, and lower eco-toxicity. Studies on crop plants using various nanomaterials (NMs) as protective agents have produced promising results. This review focuses on the use of NMs in disease management through three different mechanisms: (i) as antimicrobial agents; (ii) as biostimulants that induce plant innate immunity; and (iii) as carriers for active ingredients such as pesticides, micronutrients, and elicitors. The potential benefits of nanotechnology are considered, together with the role that NMs might play in future disease management and crop adaptation measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Fu
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, and School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Zhenyu Wang
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, and School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Om Parkash Dhankher
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Baoshan Xing
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
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Matsuo Y, Novianti F, Takehara M, Fukuhara T, Arie T, Komatsu K. Acibenzolar- S-Methyl Restricts Infection of Nicotiana benthamiana by Plantago Asiatica Mosaic Virus at Two Distinct Stages. Mol Plant Microbe Interact 2019; 32:1475-1486. [PMID: 31298967 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-03-19-0087-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Plant activators, including acibenzolar-S-methyl (ASM), are chemical compounds that stimulate plant defense responses to pathogens. ASM treatment inhibits infection by a variety of plant viruses, however, the mechanisms of this broad-spectrum and strong effect remain poorly understood. We employed green fluorescent protein (GFP)-expressing viruses and Nicotiana benthamiana plants to identify the infection stages that are restricted by ASM. ASM suppressed infection by three viral species, plantago asiatica mosaic virus (PlAMV), potato virus X (PVX), and turnip mosaic virus (TuMV), in inoculated cells. Furthermore, ASM delayed the long-distance movement of PlAMV and PVX, and the cell-to-cell (short range) movement of TuMV. The ASM-mediated delay of long-distance movement of PlAMV was not due to the suppression of viral accumulation in the inoculated leaves, indicating that ASM restricts PlAMV infection in at least two independent steps. We used Arabidopsis thaliana mutants to show that the ASM-mediated restriction of PlAMV infection requires the NPR1 gene but was independent of the dicer-like genes essential for RNA silencing. Furthermore, experiments using protoplasts showed that ASM treatment inhibited PlAMV replication without cell death. Our approach, using GFP-expressing viruses, will be useful for the analysis of mechanisms underlying plant activator-mediated virus restriction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Matsuo
- Plant Pathology Laboratory, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwaicho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Fawzia Novianti
- Plant Pathology Laboratory, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwaicho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Miki Takehara
- Plant Pathology Laboratory, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwaicho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Fukuhara
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
| | - Tsutomu Arie
- Plant Pathology Laboratory, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwaicho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Ken Komatsu
- Plant Pathology Laboratory, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwaicho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
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An M, Zhou T, Guo Y, Zhao X, Wu Y. Molecular Regulation of Host Defense Responses Mediated by Biological Anti-TMV Agent Ningnanmycin. Viruses 2019; 11:E815. [PMID: 31484426 PMCID: PMC6784071 DOI: 10.3390/v11090815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Ningnanmycin (NNM) belongs to microbial pesticides that display comprehensive antiviral activity against plant viruses. NNM treatment has been shown to efficiently delay or suppress the disease symptoms caused by tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) infection in local-inoculated or systemic-uninoculated tobacco leaves, respectively. However, the underlying molecular mechanism of NNM-mediated antiviral activity remains to be further elucidated. In this study, 414 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), including 383 which were up-regulated and 31 down-regulated, caused by NNM treatment in TMV-infected BY-2 protoplasts, were discovered by RNA-seq. In addition, KEGG analysis indicated significant enrichment of DEGs in the plant-pathogen interaction and MAPK signaling pathway. The up-regulated expression of crucial DEGs, including defense-responsive genes, such as the receptor-like kinase FLS2, RLK1, and the mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase MAPKKK, calcium signaling genes, such as the calcium-binding protein CML19, as well as phytohormone responsive genes, such as the WRKY transcription factors WRKY40 and WRKY70, were confirmed by RT-qPCR. These findings provided valuable insights into the antiviral mechanisms of NNM, which indicated that the agent induces tobacco systemic resistance against TMV via activating multiple plant defense signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengnan An
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning, China
| | - Tao Zhou
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning, China
| | - Yi Guo
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiuxiang Zhao
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning, China.
| | - Yuanhua Wu
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning, China.
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Prigigallo MI, Melillo MT, Bubici G, Dobrev PI, Vankova R, Cillo F, Veronico P. Ozone treatments activate defence responses against Meloidogyne incognita and Tomato spotted wilt virus in tomato. Pest Manag Sci 2019; 75:2251-2263. [PMID: 30701652 DOI: 10.1002/ps.5362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ozonated water (O3 wat) soil drench and/or foliar spray applications were evaluated for their potential to control the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita (RKN) and the airborne pathogen Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) in tomato. We investigated how O3 wat modulates the salicylic acid/jasmonic acid/ethylene (SA/JA/ET) signalling network in the host, locally and systemically, to induce resistance to nematode and virus. RESULTS The application as soil drench was effective in reducing the number of galls and egg masses, but did not reduce the incidence and severity of TSWV infection. Conversely, O3 wat applied by foliar spray decreased TSWV disease incidence and severity (-20%), but was not able to control M. incognita infection. SA-related genes were generally upregulated in both locally treated and systemically reached tissues, showing a positive action of the O3 wat treatment on SA signalling. Neither O3 wat application method significantly altered JA-related gene expression in either direction. ET-related genes were differentially regulated by root or leaf treatments, indicating that O3 wat may have different effects on ET-mediated signalling in different organs. JA/ET/SA related pathways were differentially modulated by O3 wat in the presence of either RKN or TSWV. CONCLUSION O3 wat had a higher efficacy when applied directly to organs challenged by the pathogens, although it was potentially able to stimulate defence responses through the activation of SA signalling. Owing to its safety and effectiveness in controlling nematode and virus infections, O3 wat can be considered as a possible alternative tool for sustainable disease management practices. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria I Prigigallo
- Department of Bio Agro-Food Sciences, Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, CNR, Bari, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Melillo
- Department of Bio Agro-Food Sciences, Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, CNR, Bari, Italy
| | - Giovanni Bubici
- Department of Bio Agro-Food Sciences, Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, CNR, Bari, Italy
| | - Petre I Dobrev
- Laboratory of Hormonal Regulations in Plants, Institute of Experimental Botany, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Radomira Vankova
- Laboratory of Hormonal Regulations in Plants, Institute of Experimental Botany, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Fabrizio Cillo
- Department of Bio Agro-Food Sciences, Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, CNR, Bari, Italy
| | - Pasqua Veronico
- Department of Bio Agro-Food Sciences, Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, CNR, Bari, Italy
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Janda M, Lamparová L, Zubíková A, Burketová L, Martinec J, Krčková Z. Temporary heat stress suppresses PAMP-triggered immunity and resistance to bacteria in Arabidopsis thaliana. Mol Plant Pathol 2019; 20:1005-1012. [PMID: 30924595 PMCID: PMC6589723 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.12799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Recognition of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) is crucial for plant defence against pathogen attack. The best characterized PAMP is flg22, a 22 amino acid conserved peptide from flagellin protein. In Arabidopsis thaliana, flg22 is recognized by the flagellin sensing 2 (FLS2) receptor. In this study, we focused on biotic stress responses triggered by flg22 after exposure to temporary heat stress (HS). It is important to study the reactions of plants to multiple stress conditions because plants are often exposed simultaneously to a combination of both abiotic and biotic stresses. Transient early production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is a well-characterized response to PAMP recognition. We demonstrate the strong reduction of flg22-induced ROS production in A. thaliana after HS treatment. In addition, a decrease in FLS2 transcription and a decrease of the FLS2 presence at the plasma membrane are shown after HS. In summary, our data show the strong inhibitory effect of HS on flg22-triggered events in A. thaliana. Subsequently, temporary HS strongly decreases the resistance of A. thaliana to Pseudomonas syringae. We propose that short exposure to high temperature is a crucial abiotic stress factor that suppresses PAMP-triggered immunity, which subsequently leads to the higher susceptibility of plants to pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Janda
- University of Chemistry and Technology PragueTechnická 5, Prague 6 – Dejvice166 282Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Lamparová
- University of Chemistry and Technology PragueTechnická 5, Prague 6 – Dejvice166 282Czech Republic
- The Czech Academy of SciencesInstitute of Experimental BotanyRozvojová 263, Prague 6 – Lysolaje165 00Czech Republic
| | - Alžběta Zubíková
- The Czech Academy of SciencesInstitute of Experimental BotanyRozvojová 263, Prague 6 – Lysolaje165 00Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Burketová
- The Czech Academy of SciencesInstitute of Experimental BotanyRozvojová 263, Prague 6 – Lysolaje165 00Czech Republic
| | - Jan Martinec
- The Czech Academy of SciencesInstitute of Experimental BotanyRozvojová 263, Prague 6 – Lysolaje165 00Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Krčková
- The Czech Academy of SciencesInstitute of Experimental BotanyRozvojová 263, Prague 6 – Lysolaje165 00Czech Republic
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Bali S, Jamwal VL, Kaur P, Kohli SK, Ohri P, Gandhi SG, Bhardwaj R, Al-Huqail AA, Siddiqui MH, Ahmad P. Role of P-type ATPase metal transporters and plant immunity induced by jasmonic acid against Lead (Pb) toxicity in tomato. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2019; 174:283-294. [PMID: 30844668 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.02.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2018] [Revised: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The phytohormone jasmonic acid (JA) plays an imperative role in plants by modulating the activity of their antioxidative defense system under stress conditions. Here, we explored the role of JA-induced alterations in the growth and transcript levels of antioxidative enzymes in tomato seedlings exposed to different Pb concentrations (0.25, 0.50, and 0.75 mM). Pb treatment caused a dose-dependent reduction in their root and shoot lengths. Treatment of 0.75 mM Pb showed an increase in the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide anion (O2•-), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) as compared to the untreated seedlings. Pb uptake was enhanced with an increase in Pb concentration. The seeds primed with JA showed reduction in Pb uptake and improvement in growth under Pb toxicity. The seedlings treated with both JA (100 nM) and Pb (0.75 mM) showed a decline in the levels of MDA, O2•-, and H2O2 as compared to the seedlings treated with 0.75 mM Pb alone. These results suggested that JA (100 nM) mitigated the oxidative damage by lowering the expression of the RBO and P-type ATPase transporter genes and by modulating antioxidative defense system activity. The biochemical and molecular analyses showed that JA plays a crucial role in plant defense responses against Pb stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shagun Bali
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, Punjab, India
| | - Vijay Lakshmi Jamwal
- Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR-IIIM), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Canal Road, Jammu 180 001, India
| | - Parminder Kaur
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, Punjab, India
| | - Sukhmeen Kaur Kohli
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, Punjab, India
| | - Puja Ohri
- Department of Zoology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, Punjab, India
| | - Sumit G Gandhi
- Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR-IIIM), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Canal Road, Jammu 180 001, India.
| | - Renu Bhardwaj
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, Punjab, India.
| | - Asma A Al-Huqail
- Chair of Climate Change, Environmental Development and Vegetation Cover, Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manzer H Siddiqui
- Chair of Climate Change, Environmental Development and Vegetation Cover, Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Parvaiz Ahmad
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Department of Botany, S.P. College, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
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Kona P, Kumar M, Reddy KHP, Hemalatha TM, Reddy DM, Reddy NPE, Latha P. Regeneration and evaluation of somaclones of sugarcane variety Co86032 for yellow leaf disease resistance and yield traits. J Biosci 2019; 44:29. [PMID: 31180042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The present investigation was focussed on regeneration, evaluation and screening of somaclones for yellow leaf disease (YLD) resistance using in vitro mutagenesis from a popular susceptible sugarcane variety Co86032 using four chemical mutagens at three levels of concentration (sodium azide (SA) at 0.5 mg L-1, 1.0 mg L-1, 1.5 mg L-1; sodium nitrite (SN) at 3 mg L-1, 5 mg L-1, 7 mg L-1; ethyl methane sulphonate (EMS) at 0.6 μ ML-1, 0.8 μML-1, 1.0 μ ML-1 and 2,4 D at 4 mg L-1, 5 mg L-1, 6 mg L-1). A total of 1138 tissue culture seedlings obtained were evaluated for virus resistance both in natural field conditions and in controlled greenhouse condition after aphid vector transmission and presence or absence of virus was observed by visual screening and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction method. Four out of 207 asymptomatic plants (16T22, 16T23, 16T29 and 16T31) were devoid of virus coat protein band and were considered to be YLD resistant. The obtained resistance somaclones showed inferior yield traits so they have to be exploited as parents in hybridization programmes with commercial varieties to impart YLD resistance ultimately yielding agronomically superior YLD-resistant varieties in sugarcane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Praveen Kona
- Crop Improvement Unit, ICAR-DGR, Junagadh, India,
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Zheng X, Xing J, Zhang K, Pang X, Zhao Y, Wang G, Zang J, Huang R, Dong J. Ethylene Response Factor ERF11 Activates BT4 Transcription to Regulate Immunity to Pseudomonas syringae. Plant Physiol 2019; 180:1132-1151. [PMID: 30926656 PMCID: PMC6548261 DOI: 10.1104/pp.18.01209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Pseudomonas syringae, a major hemibiotrophic bacterial pathogen, causes many devastating plant diseases. However, the transcriptional regulation of plant defense responses to P. syringae remains largely unknown. Here, we found that gain-of-function of BTB AND TAZ DOMAIN PROTEIN 4 (BT4) enhanced the resistance of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) to Pst DC3000 (Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000). Disruption of BT4 also weakened the salicylic acid (SA)-induced defense response to Pst DC3000 in bt4 mutants. Further investigation indicated that, under Pst infection, transcription of BT4 is modulated by components of both the SA and ethylene (ET) signaling pathways. Intriguingly, the specific binding elements of ETHYLENE RESPONSE FACTOR (ERF) proteins, including dehydration responsive/C-repeat elements and the GCC box, were found in the putative promoter of BT4 Based on publicly available microarray data and transcriptional confirmation, we determined that ERF11 is inducible by salicylic acid and Pst DC3000 and is modulated by the SA and ET signaling pathways. Consistent with the function of BT4, loss-of-function of ERF11 weakened Arabidopsis resistance to Pst DC3000 and the SA-induced defense response. Biochemical and molecular assays revealed that ERF11 binds specifically to the GCC box of the BT4 promoter to activate its transcription. Genetic studies further revealed that the BT4-regulated Arabidopsis defense response to Pst DC3000 functions directly downstream of ERF11. Our findings indicate that transcriptional activation of BT4 by ERF11 is a key step in SA/ET-regulated plant resistance against Pst DC3000, enhancing our understanding of plant defense responses to hemibiotrophic bacterial pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Hebei Province for Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
- Mycotoxin and Molecular Plant Pathology Laboratory, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Jihong Xing
- Key Laboratory of Hebei Province for Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
- Mycotoxin and Molecular Plant Pathology Laboratory, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Kang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Hebei Province for Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
- Mycotoxin and Molecular Plant Pathology Laboratory, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Xi Pang
- Key Laboratory of Hebei Province for Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
- Mycotoxin and Molecular Plant Pathology Laboratory, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Yating Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Hebei Province for Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
- Mycotoxin and Molecular Plant Pathology Laboratory, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Guanyu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Hebei Province for Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
- Mycotoxin and Molecular Plant Pathology Laboratory, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Jinping Zang
- Key Laboratory of Hebei Province for Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
- Mycotoxin and Molecular Plant Pathology Laboratory, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Rongfeng Huang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
- National Key Facility of Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jingao Dong
- Key Laboratory of Hebei Province for Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
- Mycotoxin and Molecular Plant Pathology Laboratory, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
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Huang G, Sun J, Bai J, Han Y, Fan F, Wang S, Zhang Y, Zou Y, Han Z, Lu D. Identification of critical cysteine sites in brassinosteroid-insensitive 1 and novel signaling regulators using a transient expression system. New Phytol 2019; 222:1405-1419. [PMID: 30685894 DOI: 10.1111/nph.15709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The plant hormones brassinosteroids (BRs) modulate plant growth and development. Cysteine (Cys) residues located in the extracellular domain of a protein are of importance for protein structure by forming disulfide bonds. To date, the systematic study of the functional significance of Cys residues in BR-insensitive 1 (BRI1) is still lacking. We used brassinolide-induced exogenous bri1-EMS-Suppressor 1 (BES1) dephosphorylation in Arabidopsis thaliana protoplasts as a readout, took advantage of the dramatic decrease of BRI1 protein levels during protoplast isolation, and of the strong phosphorylation of BES1 by BR-insensitive 2 (BIN2) in protoplasts, and developed a protoplast transient system to identify critical Cys sites in BRI1. Using this system, we identified a set of critical Cys sites in BRI1, as substitution of these Cys residues with alanine residues greatly compromised the function of BRI1. Moreover, we identified two negative regulators of BR signaling, pattern-triggered immunity compromised RLCK1 (PCRK1) and PCRK2, that were previously known to positively regulate innate immunity signaling. This work not only provides insight into the functional importance of critical Cys residues in stabilizing the superhelical conformation of BRI1-leucine-rich-repeat, but also reveals that PCRK1/2 can inversely modulate BR and plant immune signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guozhong Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050021, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jianhang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050021, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jiaojiao Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050021, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yufang Han
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050021, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Fenggui Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050021, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shuangfeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050021, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yingying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050021, China
| | - Yanmin Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050021, China
| | - Zhifu Han
- Key Laboratory for Protein Sciences of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Dongping Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050021, China
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Sarowar S, Alam ST, Makandar R, Lee H, Trick HN, Dong Y, Shah J. Targeting the pattern-triggered immunity pathway to enhance resistance to Fusarium graminearum. Mol Plant Pathol 2019; 20:626-640. [PMID: 30597698 PMCID: PMC6637896 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.12781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a disease of the floral tissues of wheat and barley for which highly resistant varieties are not available. Thus, there is a need to identify genes/mechanisms that can be targeted for the control of this devastating disease. Fusarium graminearum is the primary causal agent of FHB in North America. In addition, it also causes Fusarium seedling blight. Fusarium graminearum can also cause disease in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. The Arabidopsis-F. graminearum pathosystem has facilitated the identification of targets for the control of disease caused by this fungus. Here, we show that resistance against F. graminearum can be enhanced by flg22, a bacterial microbe-associated molecular pattern (MAMP). flg22-induced resistance in Arabidopsis requires its cognate pattern recognition receptor (PRR) FLS2, and is accompanied by the up-regulation of WRKY29. The expression of WRKY29, which is associated with pattern-triggered immunity (PTI), is also induced in response to F. graminearum infection. Furthermore, WRKY29 is required for basal resistance as well as flg22-induced resistance to F. graminearum. Moreover, constitutive expression of WRKY29 in Arabidopsis enhances disease resistance. The PTI pathway is also activated in response to F. graminearum infection of wheat. Furthermore, flg22 application and ectopic expression of WRKY29 enhance FHB resistance in wheat. Thus, we conclude that the PTI pathway provides a target for the control of FHB in wheat. We further show that the ectopic expression of WRKY29 in wheat results in shorter stature and early heading time, traits that are important to wheat breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujon Sarowar
- Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of North TexasDentonTX 76201USA
- Present address:
Botanical GeneticsBuffaloNYUSA
| | - Syeda T. Alam
- Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of North TexasDentonTX 76201USA
- BioDiscovery InstituteUniversity of North TexasDentonTX 76201USA
| | - Ragiba Makandar
- Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of North TexasDentonTX 76201USA
- Department of Plant SciencesUniversity of HyderabadGachibowliHyderabad 500046India
| | - Hyeonju Lee
- Department of Plant PathologyKansas State UniversityManhattanKS 66506USA
| | - Harold N. Trick
- Department of Plant PathologyKansas State UniversityManhattanKS 66506USA
| | - Yanhong Dong
- Department of Plant PathologyUniversity of MinnesotaSt. PaulMN 55108USA
| | - Jyoti Shah
- Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of North TexasDentonTX 76201USA
- BioDiscovery InstituteUniversity of North TexasDentonTX 76201USA
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Li J, Li L, Pang Z, Kolbasov VG, Ehsani R, Carter EW, Wang N. Developing Citrus Huanglongbing (HLB) Management Strategies Based on the Severity of Symptoms in HLB-Endemic Citrus-Producing Regions. Phytopathology 2019; 109:582-592. [PMID: 30418089 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-08-18-0287-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Citrus Huanglongbing (HLB), also known as greening, is a destructive disease caused by the fastidious, phloem-colonizing bacteria Candidatus Liberibacter spp.; 'Ca. Liberibacter asiaticus' (Las) is the most prevalent of the species causing HLB. The Asian citrus psyllid (ACP, Diaphorina citri) transmits Las. HLB is threatening citrus production worldwide, and there is no cure for infected trees. Management strategies targeting diseased trees at different stages of colonization by Las are needed for sustainable citrus production in HLB-endemic regions. We evaluated the effect of the combinations of plant defense elicitors, nitrogen (N) fertilizer, and compost on mildly diseased trees. We tested thermotherapy on severely diseased trees and assessed tree protectors to prevent feeding by ACP, thus preventing Las from being transmitted to new plantings that replaced HLB-moribund trees. After four applications over two consecutive growing seasons we found that the combination of compost, urea, and plant defense elicitors β-aminobutyric acid, plus ascorbic acid and potassium phosphite with or without salicylic acid, slowed down the progression of HLB and reduced disease severity by approximately 18%, compared with the untreated control. Our data showed no decline in fruit yield, indeed treatment resulted in a higher yield compared with the untreated control. Thermotherapy treatment (55°C for 2 min) exhibited a suppressive effect on growth of Las and progress of HLB in severely diseased trees for 2 to 3 months after treatment. The tree protectors prevented feeding by ACP, and therefore young replant trees remained healthy and free from infection by Las over the 2-year duration of the experiment. Taken together, these results may contribute to a basis for developing a targeted approach to control HLB based on stage of host colonization, application of plant defense elicitors, N fertilizer, compost, thermotherapy, and tree protectors. There is potential to implement these strategies in conjunction with other disease control measures to contribute to sustainable citrus production in HLB-endemic regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyun Li
- 1 Citrus Research and Education Center, Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, University of Florida, 700 Experiment Station Road, Lake Alfred 33850, U.S.A
| | - Lei Li
- 1 Citrus Research and Education Center, Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, University of Florida, 700 Experiment Station Road, Lake Alfred 33850, U.S.A
- 3 Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Zhiqian Pang
- 1 Citrus Research and Education Center, Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, University of Florida, 700 Experiment Station Road, Lake Alfred 33850, U.S.A
| | - Vladimir G Kolbasov
- 1 Citrus Research and Education Center, Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, University of Florida, 700 Experiment Station Road, Lake Alfred 33850, U.S.A
| | - Reza Ehsani
- 4 Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Merced, 5200 N. Lake Road, SE2-282, Merced 95343, U.S.A.; and
| | - Erica W Carter
- 5 Citrus Research and Education Center, Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, 700 Experiment Station Road, Lake Alfred 33850, U.S.A
| | - Nian Wang
- 1 Citrus Research and Education Center, Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, University of Florida, 700 Experiment Station Road, Lake Alfred 33850, U.S.A
- 2 China-USA Citrus Huanglongbing Joint Laboratory (A joint laboratory of The University of Florida's Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences and Gannan Normal University), National Navel Orange Engineering Research Center, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
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Wan W, Zhang L, Pruitt R, Zaidem M, Brugman R, Ma X, Krol E, Perraki A, Kilian J, Grossmann G, Stahl M, Shan L, Zipfel C, van Kan JAL, Hedrich R, Weigel D, Gust AA, Nürnberger T. Comparing Arabidopsis receptor kinase and receptor protein-mediated immune signaling reveals BIK1-dependent differences. New Phytol 2019; 221:2080-2095. [PMID: 30252144 PMCID: PMC6367016 DOI: 10.1111/nph.15497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) sense microbial patterns and activate innate immunity against attempted microbial invasions. The leucine-rich repeat receptor kinases (LRR-RK) FLS2 and EFR, and the LRR receptor protein (LRR-RP) receptors RLP23 and RLP42, respectively, represent prototypical members of these two prominent and closely related PRR families. We conducted a survey of Arabidopsis thaliana immune signaling mediated by these receptors to address the question of commonalities and differences between LRR-RK and LRR-RP signaling. Quantitative differences in timing and amplitude were observed for several early immune responses, with RP-mediated responses typically being slower and more prolonged than those mediated by RKs. Activation of RLP23, but not FLS2, induced the production of camalexin. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that RLP23-regulated genes represent only a fraction of those genes differentially expressed upon FLS2 activation. Several positive and negative regulators of FLS2-signaling play similar roles in RLP23 signaling. Intriguingly, the cytoplasmic receptor kinase BIK1, a positive regulator of RK signaling, acts as a negative regulator of RP-type immune receptors in a manner dependent on BIK1 kinase activity. Our study unveiled unexpected differences in two closely related receptor systems and reports a new negative role of BIK1 in plant immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei‐Lin Wan
- Department of Plant BiochemistryCentre for Plant Molecular BiologyEberhard Karls University TübingenAuf der Morgenstelle 32D‐72076TübingenGermany
| | - Lisha Zhang
- Department of Plant BiochemistryCentre for Plant Molecular BiologyEberhard Karls University TübingenAuf der Morgenstelle 32D‐72076TübingenGermany
| | - Rory Pruitt
- Department of Plant BiochemistryCentre for Plant Molecular BiologyEberhard Karls University TübingenAuf der Morgenstelle 32D‐72076TübingenGermany
| | - Maricris Zaidem
- Department of Molecular BiologyMax‐Planck‐Institute for Developmental BiologyMax‐Planck‐Str. 5D‐72076TübingenGermany
- Center for Genomics & Systems BiologyNew York University12 Waverly PlaceNew YorkNY10003USA
| | - Rik Brugman
- Centre for Organismal Studies & Excellence Cluster Cell NetworksHeidelberg UniversityIm Neuenheimer Feld 23069120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Xiyu Ma
- Institute for Plant Genomics & BiotechnologyTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX77843USA
| | - Elzbieta Krol
- Plant Physiology and BiophysicsJulius Maximilians University WürzburgJulius‐von‐Sachs‐Platz 297082WürzburgGermany
- Department of BiophysicsInstitute of BiologyMaria Curie‐Skłodowska UniversityAkademicka 1920‐033LublinPoland
| | - Artemis Perraki
- The Sainsbury LaboratoryNorwich Research ParkNorwichNR4 7UHUK
- Department of Plant SciencesUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeCB2 3EAUK
| | - Joachim Kilian
- Analytics UnitCentre for Plant Molecular BiologyEberhard Karls University TübingenAuf der Morgenstelle 32D‐72076TübingenGermany
| | - Guido Grossmann
- Centre for Organismal Studies & Excellence Cluster Cell NetworksHeidelberg UniversityIm Neuenheimer Feld 23069120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Mark Stahl
- Analytics UnitCentre for Plant Molecular BiologyEberhard Karls University TübingenAuf der Morgenstelle 32D‐72076TübingenGermany
| | - Libo Shan
- Institute for Plant Genomics & BiotechnologyTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX77843USA
| | - Cyril Zipfel
- The Sainsbury LaboratoryNorwich Research ParkNorwichNR4 7UHUK
| | - Jan A. L. van Kan
- Laboratory of PhytopathologyWageningen University6708 PBWageningenthe Netherlands
| | - Rainer Hedrich
- Plant Physiology and BiophysicsJulius Maximilians University WürzburgJulius‐von‐Sachs‐Platz 297082WürzburgGermany
| | - Detlef Weigel
- Department of Molecular BiologyMax‐Planck‐Institute for Developmental BiologyMax‐Planck‐Str. 5D‐72076TübingenGermany
| | - Andrea A. Gust
- Department of Plant BiochemistryCentre for Plant Molecular BiologyEberhard Karls University TübingenAuf der Morgenstelle 32D‐72076TübingenGermany
| | - Thorsten Nürnberger
- Department of Plant BiochemistryCentre for Plant Molecular BiologyEberhard Karls University TübingenAuf der Morgenstelle 32D‐72076TübingenGermany
- Department of BiochemistryUniversity of JohannesburgAuckland ParkSouth Africa
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Azeez L, Lateef A, Wahab AA, Rufai MA, Salau AK, Ajayi EIO, Ajayi M, Adegbite MK, Adebisi B. Phytomodulatory effects of silver nanoparticles on Corchorus olitorius: Its antiphytopathogenic and hepatoprotective potentials. Plant Physiol Biochem 2019; 136:109-117. [PMID: 30660676 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2018.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/08/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This study has reported the effects of biogenic silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using cocoa pod extract on physiological tolerance indices, antioxidant activity and hepatoprotective potentials of Corchorus olitorius as well as its efficiency for controlling soil phytopathogens. C. olitorius seeds were grown in soil prepared with water (control), 0.05, 0.1, 0.15 and 0.2 mg AgNPs/g soil. C. olitorus grown with AgNPs had significantly (p < 0.05) higher free radical scavenging ability, ferric reducing ability, percentage germination, vigour indices, longer roots and shoots as well as lower moisture content over control. C. olitorius grown with AgNPs attenuated hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-mediated reduction in catalase concentrations and H2O2-induced malondialdehyde elevations in liver. Efficiency of AgNPs to reduce soil phytopathogens (fungi and nematodes) revealed significant (p < 0.05) reduction in the incidences of soil and shoot Meloidogyne spp., Aspergillus terreus, A. niger, Fusarium spp. and Cladosporium spp. with increase in concentrations of AgNPs. More efficiently, there was complete extermination of A. niger and Fusarium spp. in the leaves of C. olitorius grown with AgNPs. Results in this study have shown the positive influence of AgNPs on C. olitorius by strengthening its resistance against fungi, and nematodes, improvement of its shelf-life, modulation of antioxidant activities and promotion of liver-detoxifying potentials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luqmon Azeez
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Osun State University, Osogbo, Nigeria.
| | - Agbaje Lateef
- Nanotechnology Research Group (NANO(+)), Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology and Nanobiotechnology, Department of Pure and Applied Biology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, PMB 4000, Ogbomoso, Nigeria
| | - Abideen A Wahab
- Department of Microbiology, Osun State University, Osogbo, Nigeria
| | | | - Amadu K Salau
- Biochemistry and Nutrition Unit, Department of Chemical Sciences, Fountain University, Osogbo, Nigeria
| | | | - Mercy Ajayi
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Osun State University, Osogbo, Nigeria
| | | | - Basirat Adebisi
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Osun State University, Osogbo, Nigeria
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Wang H, He H, Qi Y, McLellan H, Tian Z, Birch PRJ, Tian Z. The oomycete microbe-associated molecular pattern Pep-13 triggers SERK3/BAK1-independent plant immunity. Plant Cell Rep 2019; 38:173-182. [PMID: 30488097 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-018-2359-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE Oomycetes MAMP Pep-13 can trigger SERK3/BAK1-independent PTI. Silencing of SERK3/BAK1 in solanaceous plants resulted in reduced expression of brassinosteroid marker genes and enhanced PTI transcriptional responses to Pep-13 treatment. To prevent disease, pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) are responsible for detecting microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) to switch on plant innate immunity. SOMATIC EMBROYOGENESIS KINASE 3 (SERK3)/BRASSINOSTEROID INSENSITIVE 1-ASSOCIATED KINASE 1 (BAK1) is a well-characterized receptor-like kinase (RLK) that serves as a pivotal co-receptor with PRRs to activate immunity following recognition of MAMPs including flg22, EF-Tu, INF1 and XEG1. However, the requirement for SERK3/BAK1 in many pattern-triggered immune (PTI) signaling pathways is not yet known. Pep-13 is an oomycete MAMP that consists of a highly conserved motif (an oligopeptide of 13 amino acids) shared in Phytophthora transglutaminases. Quantitative RT-PCR analysis reveals that the transcripts of three PTI marker genes (WRKY7, WRKY8 and ACRE31) rapidly accumulate in response to three different MAMPs: flg22, chitin and Pep-13. Whereas silencing of SERK3/BAK1 in Nicotiana benthamiana or potato compromised transcript accumulation in response to flg22, it did not attenuate WRKY7, WRKY8 and ACRE31 up-regulation in response to chitin or Pep-13. This indicates that Pep-13 triggers immunity in a SERK3/BAK1-independent manner, similar to chitin. Surprisingly, silencing of SERK3/BAK1 led to significantly increased accumulation of PTI marker gene transcripts following Pep-13 or chitin treatment, compared to controls. This was accompanied by reduced expression of brassinosteroid (BR) marker genes StSTDH, StEXP8 and StCAB50 and StCHL1, which is a negative regulator of PTI, supporting previous reports that SERK3/BAK1-dependent BR signaling attenuates plant immunity. We provide Pep-13 as an alternative to chitin as a trigger of SERK3/BAK1-independent immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haixia Wang
- Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University (HZAU), Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
- Division of Plant Sciences, School of Life Science, University of Dundee (at James Hutton Institute), Errol Road, Invergowrie, Dundee, DD2 5DA, UK
| | - Huan He
- Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University (HZAU), Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (HZAU), Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Yetong Qi
- Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University (HZAU), Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (HZAU), Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Hazel McLellan
- Division of Plant Sciences, School of Life Science, University of Dundee (at James Hutton Institute), Errol Road, Invergowrie, Dundee, DD2 5DA, UK
| | - Zhejuan Tian
- Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University (HZAU), Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (HZAU), Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Paul R J Birch
- Division of Plant Sciences, School of Life Science, University of Dundee (at James Hutton Institute), Errol Road, Invergowrie, Dundee, DD2 5DA, UK
- Cell and Molecular Sciences, James Hutton Institute, Errol Road, Invergowrie, Dundee, DD2 5DA, UK
| | - Zhendong Tian
- Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University (HZAU), Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (HZAU), Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China.
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Choudhary RC, Kumaraswamy RV, Kumari S, Sharma SS, Pal A, Raliya R, Biswas P, Saharan V. Zinc encapsulated chitosan nanoparticle to promote maize crop yield. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 127:126-135. [PMID: 30610949 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.12.274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2018] [Revised: 12/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Zinc deficient/or alkaline soil is globally widespread issue and cultivation of cereals in such soil results in severe depression in plant growth, higher disease incidence and lower grain yield. To address such problems, laboratory synthesized Zn-chitosan nanoparticles (NPs) were evaluated via seed priming and foliar application in maize plants. Zn-chitosan NPs (0.01-0.16%) showed strong in vitro antifungal and seedling growth promotry activities. Further, Zn-chitosan NPs exhibited significant disease control through strengthening of plant innate immunity by elevating antioxidant and defense enzymes, balancing of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and enhancing lignin accumulation. In field, seed treatment and foliar application of developed NPs (0.01-0.16%) significantly controlled Curvularia leaf spot (CLS) disease, increased grain yield from 20.5 to 39.8% and enriched the grain with zinc micronutrient from 41.27 to 62.21 μg/g dw. Results claim that Zn-chitosan NPs could be an effective growth promotry, disease controlling and micronutrient fortifying agent in maize crop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ram Chandra Choudhary
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Rajasthan College of Agriculture, Maharana Pratap University of Agriculture and Technology, Udaipur, Rajasthan 313 001, India
| | - R V Kumaraswamy
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Rajasthan College of Agriculture, Maharana Pratap University of Agriculture and Technology, Udaipur, Rajasthan 313 001, India
| | - Sarita Kumari
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Rajasthan College of Agriculture, Maharana Pratap University of Agriculture and Technology, Udaipur, Rajasthan 313 001, India
| | - S S Sharma
- Department of Plant Pathology, Rajasthan College of Agriculture, Maharana Pratap University of Agriculture and Technology, Udaipur, Rajasthan 313 001, India
| | - Ajay Pal
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana 1250 04, India
| | - Ramesh Raliya
- Department of Energy, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Pratim Biswas
- Department of Energy, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Vinod Saharan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Rajasthan College of Agriculture, Maharana Pratap University of Agriculture and Technology, Udaipur, Rajasthan 313 001, India.
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50
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Islam W, Naveed H, Zaynab M, Huang Z, Chen HYH. Plant defense against virus diseases; growth hormones in highlights. Plant Signal Behav 2019; 14:1596719. [PMID: 30957658 PMCID: PMC6546145 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2019.1596719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Phytohormones are critical in various aspects of plant biology such as growth regulations and defense strategies against pathogens. Plant-virus interactions retard plant growth through rapid alterations in phytohormones and their signaling pathways. Recent research findings show evidence of how viruses impact upon modulation of various phytohormones affecting plant growth regulations. The opinion is getting stronger that virus-mediated phytohormone disruption and alteration weaken plant defense strategies through enhanced replication and systemic spread of viral particles. These hormones regulate plant-virus interactions in various ways that may involve antagonism and cross talk to modulate small RNA (sRNA) systems. The article aims to highlight the recent research findings elaborating the impact of viruses upon manipulation of phytohormones and virus biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waqar Islam
- Key Laboratory for Humid Subtropical Eco-Geographical Processes of the Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
- Institute of Geography, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Hassan Naveed
- Institute of Entomology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Madiha Zaynab
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhiqun Huang
- Key Laboratory for Humid Subtropical Eco-Geographical Processes of the Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
- Institute of Geography, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
- Zhiqun Huang Key Laboratory for Humid Subtropical Eco-Geographical Processes of the Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - Han Y. H. Chen
- Key Laboratory for Humid Subtropical Eco-Geographical Processes of the Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
- Institute of Geography, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
- Faculty of Natural Resources Management, Lakehead University, Ontario, Canada
- CONTACT Han Y. H. Chen Faculty of Natural Resources Management, Lakehead University, Ontario Canada
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