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Ravaioli S, Campoccia D, Speziale P, Pietrocola G, Zatorska B, Maso A, Presterl E, Montanaro L, Arciola CR. Various biofilm matrices of the emerging pathogen Staphylococcus lugdunensis: exopolysaccharides, proteins, eDNA and their correlation with biofilm mass. Biofouling 2020; 36:86-100. [PMID: 31985269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Staphylococcus lugdunensis is an emerging high-virulent pathogen causative of hospital-acquired infections. Biofilm formation is a complex pathogenic process that leads to well-established bacterial communities. There is a paucity of data on the composition of the biofilm matrix among S. lugdunensis strains. Here, twenty-two S. lugdunensis clinical isolates, mainly from orthopaedic infections but also from other clinical sources, were sub-grouped by ribotyping and dendrogram analysis. Biofilms were analysed by fluorimetric methods based on FITC-Wheat Germ Agglutinin, SYPRO Ruby and TOTO-1 dyes to detect exopolysaccharides, proteins and extracellular DNA (eDNA), respectively. Biofilm morphology was investigated under confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Isolates displayed intriguing diversities in biofilm mass and matrix composition. The content of exopolysaccharides was found to be to be strongly associated with the biofilm mass (R2 = 0.882), while the content of proteins turned out to be weakly (R2 = 0.465) and that of eDNA very weakly associated (R2 = 0.202) to the biofilm mass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Ravaioli
- Laboratorio di Patologia delle Infezioni Associate all'Impianto, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Davide Campoccia
- Laboratorio di Patologia delle Infezioni Associate all'Impianto, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Pietro Speziale
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Unit of Biochemistry, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Department of Industrial and Information Engineering, University of Pavia, Italy
| | - Giampiero Pietrocola
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Unit of Biochemistry, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Beata Zatorska
- Department of Hospital Hygiene and Infection Control, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alessandra Maso
- Quality Control in GMP, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Elisabeth Presterl
- Department of Hospital Hygiene and Infection Control, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lucio Montanaro
- Laboratorio di Patologia delle Infezioni Associate all'Impianto, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic, and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Carla Renata Arciola
- Laboratorio di Patologia delle Infezioni Associate all'Impianto, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic, and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Ho PL, Liu MCJ, Tong MK, Fan PM, Tse CWS, Wu AKL, Cheng VCC, Chow KH. Evaluation of disc diffusion tests and agar screening for predicting mecA-mediated oxacillin resistance in Staphylococcus lugdunensis revealed a cefoxitin-susceptible, mecA-positive S. lugdunensis clonal complex 27 clone. J Glob Antimicrob Resist 2019; 20:260-265. [PMID: 31493529 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgar.2019.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study evaluated disc diffusion tests and agar screening for detecting mecA-mediated oxacillin resistance in Staphylococcus lugdunensis (S. lugdunensis). METHODS Staphylococcus lugdunensis isolates (n = 179) from diverse sources in Hong Kong during 1998-2018 were investigated by disc diffusion tests (cefoxitin and oxacillin) and inoculation onto oxacillin (1 μg/mL and 2 μg/mL) and chromID methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) agars. The results were compared with mecA PCR as the reference. Isolates with discordant results were further tested by MIC and penicillin-binding protein 2a (PBP2a) assays. RESULTS Cefoxitin and oxacillin zone diameters were not distributed in ways that allowed reliable division of the mecA-positive (n = 52) and mecA-negative (n = 127) isolates. On applying the 2019 Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) M100 breakpoints for cefoxitin disc results, there was 88% categorical agreement (CA) and 40% very major error (VME). Screening using 2 μg/mL oxacillin agar reliably differentiated mecA-positive and mecA-negative isolates (100% CA) without any major error (ME) or VME results. The performance of screening using 1 μg/mL oxacillin agar or ChromID MRSA agar was variable (74-89% CA, 0-38% ME and 0-37% VME). The mecA-positive isolates (n = 21) that could not be detected by the cefoxitin disc test were further characterised. The cefoxitin MIC for all 21 isolates was ≤4 μg/mL. Twenty isolates had an oxacillin MIC of 1-2 μg/mL and one had an oxacillin MIC of 4 μg/mL. All had positive PBP2a results and were typed as clonal cluster 27/SCCmec V. CONCLUSIONS These findings highlight the need to evaluate phenotypic methods using mecA-positive S. lugdunensis with different oxacillin resistance phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pak-Leung Ho
- Department of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China; Carol Yu Center for Infection, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Melissa Chun-Jiao Liu
- Department of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China; Carol Yu Center for Infection, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Man-Ki Tong
- Department of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China; Carol Yu Center for Infection, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Pui-Man Fan
- Department of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China; Carol Yu Center for Infection, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Cindy Wing-Sze Tse
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Kwong Wah Hospital, Hospital Authority, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Alan Ka-Lun Wu
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital, Hospital Authority, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Vincent Chi-Chung Cheng
- Department of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China; Carol Yu Center for Infection, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Kin-Hung Chow
- Department of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China; Carol Yu Center for Infection, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
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Cirkovic I, Bozic DD, Draganic V, Lozo J, Beric T, Kojic M, Arsic B, Garalejic E, Djukic S, Stankovic S. Licheniocin 50.2 and Bacteriocins from Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis biovar. diacetylactis BGBU1-4 Inhibit Biofilms of Coagulase Negative Staphylococci and Listeria monocytogenes Clinical Isolates. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0167995. [PMID: 27930711 PMCID: PMC5145223 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0167995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Coagulase negative staphylococci (CoNS) and Listeria monocytogenes have important roles in pathogenesis of various genital tract infections and fatal foetomaternal infections, respectively. The aim of our study was to investigate the inhibitory effects of two novel bacteriocins on biofilms of CoNS and L. monocytogenes genital isolates. Methods The effects of licheniocin 50.2 from Bacillus licheniformis VPS50.2 and crude extract of bacteriocins produced by Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis biovar. diacetylactis BGBU1-4 (BGBU1-4 crude extract) were evaluated on biofilm formation and formed biofilms of eight CoNS (four S. epidermidis, two S. hominis, one S. lugdunensis and one S. haemolyticus) and 12 L. monocytogenes genital isolates. Results Licheniocin 50.2 and BGBU1-4 crude extract inhibited the growth of both CoNS and L. monocytogenes isolates, with MIC values in the range between 200–400 AU/ml for licheniocin 50.2 and 400–3200 AU/ml for BGBU1-4 crude extract. Subinhibitory concentrations (1/2 × and 1/4 × MIC) of licheniocin 50.2 inhibited biofilm formation by all CoNS isolates (p < 0.05, respectively), while BGBU1-4 crude extract inhibited biofilm formation by all L. monocytogenes isolates (p < 0.01 and p < 0.05, respectively). Both bacteriocins in concentrations of 100 AU/mL and 200 AU/mL reduced the amount of 24 h old CoNS and L. monocytogenes biofilms (p < 0.05, p < 0.01, p < 0.001). Conclusions This study suggests that novel bacteriocins have potential to be used for genital application, to prevent biofilm formation and/or to eradicate formed biofilms, and consequently reduce genital and neonatal infections by CoNS and L. monocytogenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Cirkovic
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
- * E-mail:
| | - Dragana D. Bozic
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Veselin Draganic
- Clinic for Gynecology and Obstetrics “Narodni front”, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Lozo
- Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tanja Beric
- Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milan Kojic
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Biljana Arsic
- Clinic for Gynecology and Obstetrics “Narodni front”, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Eliana Garalejic
- Clinic for Gynecology and Obstetrics “Narodni front”, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Slobodanka Djukic
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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Marchocki Z, Collins K, Lehane E, Reilly PO, O'Donoghue K. Staphylococcus lugdunensis cultured from the amniotic fluid at Caesarean Section. PLoS One 2013; 8:e56373. [PMID: 23409177 PMCID: PMC3567050 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0056373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2012] [Accepted: 01/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus lugdunensis is a virulent coagulase-negative staphylococcus. It behaves like and can be mistaken in culture for Staphylococcus aureus. While originally thought to be a skin commensal rarely responsible for opportunistic infection, it was rapidly established as a significant human pathogen. It has been mainly associated with native and prosthetic valve endocarditis, osteomyelitis, and skin and soft tissue cellulitis, but has also been reported as a cause of fasciitis as well as peritonitis. Staphylococcus lugdunensis has been reported as a cause of endometritis but has not been previously isolated from amniotic fluid. Here, amniotic fluid samples were collected in the course of a larger study on amniotic fluid bacteriology, with prior ethical approval and informed patient consent. Amniotic fluid was obtained at Caesarean Section by direct needle aspiration from the intact amnion. Analysis with Staphylococcal API test kits led to identification of Staphylococcus lugdunensis in two cases. The clinical significance of the finding in these reported cases is undetermined. Staphylococcus lugdunensis has been shown to be a cause of serious and potentially fatal morbidities, but this is the first report of its culture from amniotic fluid. As caesarean delivery is accepted as the single most important factor associated with post-partum infectious complications in both mother and neonate, the identification of this pathogen is a new concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zbigniew Marchocki
- Anu Research Centre, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University College Cork, Cork University Maternity Hospital, Cork, Ireland
| | - Kevin Collins
- Department of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Eimear Lehane
- Department of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Paddy O' Reilly
- Department of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Keelin O'Donoghue
- Anu Research Centre, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University College Cork, Cork University Maternity Hospital, Cork, Ireland
- * E-mail:
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