Sander J, Schmidt SV, Cirovic B, McGovern N, Papantonopoulou O, Hardt AL, Aschenbrenner AC, Kreer C, Quast T, Xu AM, Schmidleithner LM, Theis H, Thi Huong LD, Sumatoh HRB, Lauterbach MAR, Schulte-Schrepping J, Günther P, Xue J, Baßler K, Ulas T, Klee K, Katzmarski N, Herresthal S, Krebs W, Martin B, Latz E, Händler K, Kraut M, Kolanus W, Beyer M, Falk CS, Wiegmann B, Burgdorf S, Melosh NA, Newell EW, Ginhoux F, Schlitzer A, Schultze JL. Cellular Differentiation of Human Monocytes Is Regulated by Time-Dependent Interleukin-4 Signaling and the Transcriptional Regulator NCOR2.
Immunity 2017;
47:1051-1066.e12. [PMID:
29262348 PMCID:
PMC5772172 DOI:
10.1016/j.immuni.2017.11.024]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Revised: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Human in vitro generated monocyte-derived dendritic cells (moDCs) and macrophages are used clinically, e.g., to induce immunity against cancer. However, their physiological counterparts, ontogeny, transcriptional regulation, and heterogeneity remains largely unknown, hampering their clinical use. High-dimensional techniques were used to elucidate transcriptional, phenotypic, and functional differences between human in vivo and in vitro generated mononuclear phagocytes to facilitate their full potential in the clinic. We demonstrate that monocytes differentiated by macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) or granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) resembled in vivo inflammatory macrophages, while moDCs resembled in vivo inflammatory DCs. Moreover, differentiated monocytes presented with profound transcriptomic, phenotypic, and functional differences. Monocytes integrated GM-CSF and IL-4 stimulation combinatorically and temporally, resulting in a mode- and time-dependent differentiation relying on NCOR2. Finally, moDCs are phenotypically heterogeneous and therefore necessitate the use of high-dimensional phenotyping to open new possibilities for better clinical tailoring of these cellular therapies.
In vitro monocyte cultures model in vivo inflammatory dendritic cells and macrophages
Monocyte-derived dendritic cells integrate interleukin-4 signaling time dependently
NCOR2 controls differentiation of in vitro generated monocyte-derived dendritic cells
In vitro generated monocyte-derived cells are phenotypically heterogeneous
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