Patterson S, de Kort M, Irwin N, Moffett RC, Dokter WHA, Bos ES, Miltenburg AMM, Flatt PR. Pharmacological characterization and antidiabetic activity of a long-acting glucagon-like peptide-1 analogue conjugated to an antithrombin III-binding pentasaccharide.
Diabetes Obes Metab 2015;
17:760-70. [PMID:
25929155 DOI:
10.1111/dom.12483]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2015] [Revised: 04/17/2015] [Accepted: 04/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AIMS
To examine the biological characteristics of a novel glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) conjugate, in which an antithrombin III (ATIII)-binding pentasaccharide is conjugated to d-Ala(8) GLP-1 using a tetraethylene glycol linker.
METHODS
We assessed GLP-1 receptor binding, cAMP generation and insulin secretory activity of the GLP-1 conjugate in vitro. Circulating half-life, glucose homeostatic and subchronic therapeutic effectiveness were then examined in vivo.
RESULTS
The half-life of the GLP-1 conjugate in mice was ∼11 h. In vitro insulin secretion from clonal β cells and islets was increased (p < 0.001) by the conjugate. The conjugate had half maximum effective concentration values of 1.3 × 10(-7) and 9.9 × 10(-8) M for displacement of (125) I-GLP-1 in competitive GLP-1 receptor binding and cAMP generation, respectively. Glucose tolerance in normal mice, immediately and 4 h after conjugate injection, resulted in significant (p < 0.001) improvements in blood glucose. These effects persisted for >48 h after administration. Daily treatment (21 days) of high-fat-fed and ob/ob mice with 25 nmol/kg conjugate resulted in significant improvement in glucose tolerance (p < 0.001) and reductions in glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c; p < 0.01) equivalent to or better than with exenatide or liraglutide. Treatment of C57BL/KsJ db/db mice for 15 days with 100 nmol/kg conjugate significantly (p < 0.001) reduced glucose and raised plasma insulin. Oral glucose tolerance was significantly (p < 0.001) improved and both 24-h glucose profile (p < 0.001) and HbA1c levels (p < 0.001) were reduced. Islet size (p < 0.001) and pancreatic insulin content were increased without change of islet cell proliferation or apoptosis.
CONCLUSION
These data show that d-Ala(8) GLP-1(Lys(37) ) pentasaccharide exerts significant antidiabetic actions and has a projected pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic profile that merits further evaluation in humans for a possible once-weekly dosing regimen.
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