Sun FY, Ouyang BQ, Li XX, Zhang T, Feng WT, Han YG. Epstein-Barr virus-induced infection-associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis with acute liver injury: A case report.
World J Clin Cases 2023;
11:4090-4097. [PMID:
37388783 PMCID:
PMC10303618 DOI:
10.12998/wjcc.v11.i17.4090]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a severe hyperinflammatory reaction, which is rare and life-threatening. According to the pathogen, HLH is divided into genetic and acquired. The most common form of acquired HLH is infection-associated HLH, of which Herpes viruses, particularly Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), are the leading infectious triggers. However, it is difficult to distinguish between simple infection with EBV and EBV-induced infection-associated HLH since both can destroy the whole-body system, particularly the liver, thereby increasing the difficulty of diagnosis and treatment.
CASE SUMMARY
This paper elaborates a case about EBV-induced infection-associated HLH and acute liver injury, aiming to propose clinical guides for the early detection and treatment of patients with EBV-induced infection-associated HLH. The patient was categorized as acquired hemophagocytic syndrome in adults. After the ganciclovir antiviral treatment combined with meropenem antibacterial therapy and methylprednisolone inhibition to inflammatory response, gamma globulin enhanced immunotherapy, the patient recovered.
CONCLUSION
From the diagnosis and treatment of this patient, attention should be paid to routine EBV detection and a further comprehensive understanding of the disease as well as early recognition and early initiation are keys to patients’ survival.
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