Vocka M, Langer D, Fryba V, Petrtyl J, Hanus T, Kalousova M, Zima T, Petruzelka L. Growth/differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15) as new potential serum marker in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer.
Cancer Biomark 2018;
21:869-874. [PMID:
29400662 DOI:
10.3233/cbm-170792]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND
GDF-15 is a protein belonging to the transforming growth factor beta superfamily that has a role in regulating inflammatory and apoptotic pathways. High level GDF-15 in tumor tissues and plasma correlate with an increased risk of recurrence and reduced overall survival.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to screen GDF-15 capacity to detecting metastatic CRC and compare it with standard tumor markers CEA and CA19-9.
METHODS
We collected serum samples from 97 patients with metastatic colorectal cancer and 79 samples from healthy controls. Serum levels of GDF-15, CEA and CA19-9 were measured by immunochemically. A Kaplan-Meier curve was applied for analysis of survival rates, and a log-rank was used for univariate analysis.
RESULTS
Serum levels of GDF-15 were significantly higher in patients with colorectal cancer compared to healthy controls (p< 0.001). In addition, serum levels of GDF-15 correlated with extent of liver involvement and patients with higher GDF-15 levels had significantly worse outcome (p< 0.0001).
CONCLUSIONS
Our results show GDF-15 as an effective biomarker in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer with the same sensitivity as CEA. In addition, GDF-15 levels strongly correlate with extension of liver involvement in contrast with CEA.
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