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Li H, Jiang H, Sun QF, Xie XC. Emergent energy dissipation in quantum limit. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2024; 69:1221-1227. [PMID: 38548568 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2024.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Energy dissipation is of fundamental interest and crucial importance in quantum systems. However, whether energy dissipation can emerge without backscattering inside topological systems remains a question. As a hallmark, we propose a microscopic picture that illustrates energy dissipation in the quantum Hall (QH) plateau regime of graphene. Despite the quantization of Hall, longitudinal, and two-probe resistances (dubbed as the quantum limit), we find that the energy dissipation emerges in the form of Joule heat. It is demonstrated that the non-equilibrium energy distribution of carriers plays much more essential roles than the resistance on energy dissipation. Eventually, we suggest probing the phenomenon by measuring local temperature increases in experiments and reconsidering the dissipation typically ignored in realistic topological circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailong Li
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Hua Jiang
- Interdisciplinary Center for Theoretical Physics and Information Sciences (ICTPIS), Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China; Institute for Nanoelectronic Devices and Quantum Computing, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Qing-Feng Sun
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; Hefei National Laboratory, Hefei 230088, China
| | - X C Xie
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; Interdisciplinary Center for Theoretical Physics and Information Sciences (ICTPIS), Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China; Institute for Nanoelectronic Devices and Quantum Computing, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China; Hefei National Laboratory, Hefei 230088, China.
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Liu YW, Zhuang YC, Ren YN, Yan C, Zhou XF, Yang Q, Sun QF, He L. Visualizing a single wavefront dislocation induced by orbital angular momentum in graphene. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3546. [PMID: 38670960 PMCID: PMC11053005 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47756-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Phase singularities are phase-indeterminate points where wave amplitudes are zero, which manifest as phase vertices or wavefront dislocations. In the realm of optical and electron beams, the phase singularity has been extensively explored, demonstrating a profound connection to orbital angular momentum. Direct local imaging of the impact of orbital angular momentum on phase singularities at the nanoscale, however, remains challenging. Here, we study the role of orbital angular momentum in phase singularities in graphene, particularly at the atomic level, through scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy. Our experiments demonstrate that the scatterings between different orbital angular momentum states, which are induced by local rotational symmetry-breaking potentials, can generate additional phase singularities, and result in robust single-wavefront dislocations in real space. Our results pave the way for exploring the effects of orbital degree of freedom on quantum phases in quasiparticle interference processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Wen Liu
- Center for Advanced Quantum Studies, Department of Physics, Beijing Normal University, 100875, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Multiscale Spin Physics, Ministry of Education, 100875, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-Chen Zhuang
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China
| | - Ya-Ning Ren
- Center for Advanced Quantum Studies, Department of Physics, Beijing Normal University, 100875, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Multiscale Spin Physics, Ministry of Education, 100875, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Yan
- Center for Advanced Quantum Studies, Department of Physics, Beijing Normal University, 100875, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Multiscale Spin Physics, Ministry of Education, 100875, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Zhou
- Center for Advanced Quantum Studies, Department of Physics, Beijing Normal University, 100875, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Multiscale Spin Physics, Ministry of Education, 100875, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Yang
- Center for Advanced Quantum Studies, Department of Physics, Beijing Normal University, 100875, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Multiscale Spin Physics, Ministry of Education, 100875, Beijing, China
| | - Qing-Feng Sun
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China.
- Hefei National Laboratory, Hefei, 230088, China.
| | - Lin He
- Center for Advanced Quantum Studies, Department of Physics, Beijing Normal University, 100875, Beijing, China.
- Key Laboratory of Multiscale Spin Physics, Ministry of Education, 100875, Beijing, China.
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Lyu TY, Li M, He JA, Sun QF, Wang L, Qin H, Yu HP. [Analysis of the experience and procedural complications of trans-radial access versus trans-femoral access for hepatic arterial perfusion chemotherapy in patients with advanced hepatic malignancies:a retrospective study]. Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi 2024; 63:183-191. [PMID: 38326045 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112138-20230827-00087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the differences between trans-radial access (TRA) and trans-femoral access (TFA) in hepatic arterial perfusion chemotherapy (HAIC) in terms of patient experience, postoperative complications, and patient preferences; explore whether TRA in HAIC is associated with better patient experience and compliance; and determine whether it is safer than TFA. Methods: The study was a retrospective cohort study of patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma and liver metastases from colorectal cancer treated with HAIC. We enrolled a total of 91 patients with advanced liver malignancies treated with HAIC from November 2022 to May 2023 in the Department of Interventional Therapy and Hepatobiliary Medicine at Tianjin Medical University Cancer Hospital. The patients were divided into three groups: group TRA (n=20, receiving TRA HAIC only), group TFA (n=33, receiving TFA HAIC only), and crossover group [n=19, receiving TFA HAIC (Cross-TFA group) first, followed by TRA HAIC (Cross-TRA group)]. Meanwhile, to facilitate the expression of partial results, all patients receiving TRA HAIC were defined as the TRA-HAIC group (n=39, TRA+Cross-TRA group), and all patients receiving TFA HAIC were defined as the TFA-HAIC group (n=52, TFA+Cross-TFA group). The primary research index was the Quality of Life (QOL) visualization scale score. The secondary research index included approach-related and catheter-related adverse events, duration of surgery, and mean length of patient stay. We used various statistical methods such as Mann-Whitney U test, t-test, Chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, univariate logistic regression analysis, and multi-factor analysis. Results: TRA patients had significantly lower QOL scores than TFA patients (all P<0.001). The QOL scores of the Cross-TRA group were significantly lower than those of the Cross-TFA group (pain at the puncture site Z=-3.24, P=0.001, others P<0.001). The QOL scores of the Cross-TRA group were compared with those of the TRA group, which showed that the scores of the Cross-TRA group in overall discomfort (Z=-3.07,P=0.002), postoperative toilet difficulty (Z=-2.12, P=0.034), and walking difficulty (Z=-2.58, P=0.010) were significantly lower than those of the TRA group. Satisfaction scores were significantly higher in the Cross-TRA group than in the Cross-TFA group (Z=-3.78, P<0.001), and patients were more likely to receive TRA HAIC as the next procedure (χ2=30.42, P<0.001). In terms of mean length of stay, patients receiving TRA HAIC had a significantly lower mean length of stay than those receiving TFA HAIC (50.1±3.2 h vs. 58.4±6.4 h, t=7.98, P<0.001). The incidence of radial artery occlusion (RAO) as an approach-related adverse event was 15.4% (6/39) in the TRA-HAIC group, which was significantly higher than that in the TFA-HAIC group (15.4% vs. 0, χ2=8.56, P=0.005). Notably, multifactorial analysis of RAO-related factors showed that intraoperative enoxaparin use and patency of radial artery flow during pressure were significantly associated with a reduced risk of postoperative RAO (P=0.037 for enoxaparin use and P=0.049 for pressure). Conclusions: With respect to procedure approach, TRA was significantly better than TFA in terms of patient satisfaction and mean length of stay. Through further process optimization and prevention of adverse reactions, the incidence of adverse reactions can be maintained at a relatively low level, so that patients can benefit from TRA in future operations in terms of cost-effectiveness and medical efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Y Lyu
- Department of Interventional Therapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin 300060, China Department Of Oncology of the 983rd Hospital of the Chinese People's Liberation Army Joint Logistic Support Force, Tianjin 300142, China
| | - M Li
- Department of Interventional Therapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - J A He
- Department of Interventional Therapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Q F Sun
- Department of Interventional Therapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - L Wang
- Department of Interventional Therapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - H Qin
- Department of Interventional Therapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - H P Yu
- Department of Interventional Therapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin 300060, China
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4
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Song YC, Wu YY, Sun QF, Hou CS, Shang B, Cui HX. [Study on formulation and revision of standard limits for radon in "Standards for indoor air quality (GB/T 18883-2022)" in China]. Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2023; 57:1773-1776. [PMID: 38008564 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20230328-00229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
Public exposure to radon has attracted increasing public concern. The newly issued "Standards for indoor air quality (GB/T 18883-2022)" has revised the radiological parameters of radon. This study analyzed and discussed the relevant technical contents about the derivation of radon limit, including the distribution level for indoor radon, exposure pathway, health effects, and the process for establishing the standard limits. Specific implementation and evaluation suggestions are also proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y C Song
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Radiological Protection and Nuclear Emergency/National Institute for Radiological Protection, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100088, China
| | - Y Y Wu
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Radiological Protection and Nuclear Emergency/National Institute for Radiological Protection, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100088, China
| | - Q F Sun
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Radiological Protection and Nuclear Emergency/National Institute for Radiological Protection, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100088, China
| | - C S Hou
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Radiological Protection and Nuclear Emergency/National Institute for Radiological Protection, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100088, China
| | - B Shang
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Radiological Protection and Nuclear Emergency/National Institute for Radiological Protection, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100088, China
| | - H X Cui
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Radiological Protection and Nuclear Emergency/National Institute for Radiological Protection, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100088, China
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5
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Fang JY, Zhuang YC, Guo AM, Sun QF. Thermal dissipation of the quantum spin Hall edge states in HgTe/CdTe quantum well. J Phys Condens Matter 2023; 35:505303. [PMID: 37683669 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/acf826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Quantum spin Hall effect is characterized by topologically protected helical edge states. Here we study the thermal dissipation of helical edge states by considering two types of dissipation sources. The results show that the helical edge states are dissipationless for normal dissipation sources with or without Rashba spin-orbit coupling in the system, but they are dissipative for spin dissipation sources. Further studies on the energy distribution show that electrons with spin-up and spin-down are both in their own equilibrium without dissipation sources. Spin dissipation sources can couple the two subsystems together to induce voltage drop and non-equilibrium distribution, leading to thermal dissipation, while normal dissipation sources cannot. With the increase of thermal dissipation, the subsystems of electrons with spin-up and spin-down evolve from non-equilibrium finally to mutual equilibrium. In addition, the effects of disorder on thermal dissipation are also discussed. Our work provides clues to reduce thermal dissipation in the quantum spin Hall systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Yun Fang
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
- Hefei National Laboratory, Hefei 230088, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Chen Zhuang
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
- Hefei National Laboratory, Hefei 230088, People's Republic of China
| | - Ai-Min Guo
- Hunan Key Laboratory for Super-microstructure and Ultrafast Process, School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing-Feng Sun
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
- Hefei National Laboratory, Hefei 230088, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, West Bld.#3, No.10 Xibeiwang East Rd., Haidian District, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
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6
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Hu PJ, Ding JT, Liang ZR, Fang TF, Guo AM, Sun QF. Enhanced electron transport and self-similarity in quasiperiodic borophene nanoribbons with line defects. Nanoscale 2023. [PMID: 37323016 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr01658g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Recent experiments have revealed multiple borophene phases of distinct lattice structures, suggesting that the unit cells of ν1/6 and ν1/5 boron sheets, namely α and β chains, serve as building blocks to assemble into novel borophene phases. Motivated by these experiments, we present a theoretical study of electron transport along two-terminal quasiperiodic borophene nanoribbons (BNRs), with the arrangement of the α and β chains following the generalized Fibonacci sequence. Our results indicate that the energy spectrum of these quasiperiodic BNRs is multifractal and characterized by numerous transmission peaks. In contrast to the Fibonacci model that all the electronic states should be critical, both delocalized and critical states appear in the quasiperiodic BNRs, where the averaged resistance saturates at the inverse of one conductance quantum for the delocalized states in the large length limit and contrarily exhibits a power-law dependence on the nanoribbon length for the critical states. Besides, the self-similarity is observed from the transmission spectrum, where the conductance curves overlap at different energy regions of two quasiperiodic BNRs of different Fibonacci indices and the resistance curves are analogous to each other at different energy scales of a single quasiperiodic BNR. These results complement previous studies on quasiperiodic systems where the multifractal energy spectrum and the self-similarity are observed by generating quasiperiodic potential energies, suggesting that borophene may provide an intriguing platform for understanding the structure-property relationships and exploring the physical properties of quasiperiodic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Jia Hu
- Hunan Key Laboratory for Super-microstructure and Ultrafast Process, School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
| | - Jin-Ting Ding
- Hunan Key Laboratory for Super-microstructure and Ultrafast Process, School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
| | - Zeng-Ren Liang
- Hunan Key Laboratory for Super-microstructure and Ultrafast Process, School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
| | - Tie-Feng Fang
- School of Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
- Research Center for Quantum Physics and Materials, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
| | - Ai-Min Guo
- Hunan Key Laboratory for Super-microstructure and Ultrafast Process, School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
| | - Qing-Feng Sun
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing 100871, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
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7
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Ji YQ, Zhang L, Sun QF. [Research on the formulation and revision of radiological parameters in the "Standards for Drinking Water Quality(GB5749-2022)" in China]. Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2023; 57:826-830. [PMID: 37357198 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20221028-01044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
The radioactive safety of drinking water has attracted increasing public concern. The newly issued Standards for Drinking Water Quality (GB5749-2022) in China has revised the radiological parameters. This article provides an overview of the main sources, levels of radionuclides in drinking water, and summarized the individual doses criterion and adverse health effects associated with exposure of the public to radionuclides from drinking-water. It analyzes and discusses the relevant revision content of radiological parameters, including the guidance values for screening gross α and gross β, subtracting the contribution of potassium-40 from gross β activity when the gross β activity concentration exceeds the screening level, and the basis for establishing the limit values of reference indices uranium and radium-226. Specific implementation and evaluation suggestions are also proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Q Ji
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Radiological Protection and Nuclear Emergency/National Institute for Radiological Protection, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100088, China
| | - L Zhang
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health/National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Q F Sun
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Radiological Protection and Nuclear Emergency/National Institute for Radiological Protection, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100088, China
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8
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Zheng Q, Zhuang YC, Ren YN, Yan C, Sun QF, He L. Molecular Collapse States in Graphene/WSe_{2} Heterostructure Quantum Dots. Phys Rev Lett 2023; 130:076202. [PMID: 36867829 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.076202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In relativistic physics, both atomic collapse in a heavy nucleus and Hawking radiation in a black hole are predicted to occur through the Klein tunneling process that couples particles and antiparticles. Recently, atomic collapse states (ACSs) were explicitly realized in graphene because of its relativistic Dirac excitation with a large "fine structure constant." However, the essential role of the Klein tunneling in the ACSs remains elusive in experiment. Here we systematically study the quasibound states in elliptical graphene quantum dots (GQDs) and two coupled circular GQDs. Bonding and antibonding molecular collapse states formed by two coupled ACSs are observed in both systems. Our experiments supported by theoretical calculations indicate that the antibonding state of the ACSs will change into a Klein-tunneling-induced quasibound state revealing deep connection between the ACSs and the Klein tunneling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zheng
- Center for Advanced Quantum Studies, Department of Physics, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Yu-Chen Zhuang
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Ya-Ning Ren
- Center for Advanced Quantum Studies, Department of Physics, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Chao Yan
- Center for Advanced Quantum Studies, Department of Physics, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Qing-Feng Sun
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing 100871, China
- Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, West Building #3, No. 10 Xibeiwang East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Lin He
- Center for Advanced Quantum Studies, Department of Physics, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
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9
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Zhou H, Li H, Xu DH, Chen CZ, Sun QF, Xie XC. Transport Theory of Half-Quantized Hall Conductance in a Semimagnetic Topological Insulator. Phys Rev Lett 2022; 129:096601. [PMID: 36083672 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.096601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Recently, a half-quantized Hall conductance (HQHC) plateau was experimentally observed in a semimagnetic topological insulator heterostructure. However, the heterostructure was metallic with a nonzero longitudinal conductance, which contradicts the common belief that quantized Hall conductance is usually observed in insulators. In this work, we systematically study the surface transport of a semimagnetic topological insulator with both gapped and gapless Dirac surfaces in the presence of dephasing process. In particular, we reveal that the HQHC is directly related to the half-quantized chiral current along the edge of a strongly dephasing metal. The Hall conductance keeps a half-quantized value for large dephasing strengths, while the longitudinal conductance varies with Fermi energies and dephasing strengths. Furthermore, we evaluate both the conductance and resistance as a function of the temperature, which is consistent with the experimental results. Our results not only provide the microscopic transport mechanism of the HQHC, but also are instructive for the probe of the HQHC in future experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Humian Zhou
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Hailong Li
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Dong-Hui Xu
- Department of Physics, and Chongqing Key Laboratory for Strongly Coupled Physics, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
- Center of Quantum Materials and Devices, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Chui-Zhen Chen
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
- Institute for Advanced Study, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Qing-Feng Sun
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing 100871, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - X C Xie
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing 100871, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
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10
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Ren YN, Zhuang YC, Sun QF, He L. Magnetic-Field-Tunable Valley-Contrasting Pseudomagnetic Confinement in Graphene. Phys Rev Lett 2022; 129:076802. [PMID: 36018692 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.076802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Introducing quantum confinement has uncovered a rich set of interesting quantum phenomena and allows one to directly probe the physics of confined (quasi-)particles. In most experiments, however, an electrostatic potential is the only available method to generate quantum dots in a continuous system to confine (quasi-)particles. Here we demonstrate experimentally that inhomogeneous pseudomagnetic fields in strained graphene can introduce exotic quantum confinement of massless Dirac fermions. The pseudomagnetic fields have opposite directions in the two distinct valleys of graphene. By adding and tuning real magnetic fields, the total effective magnetic fields in the two valleys are imbalanced. By that we realized valley-contrasting spatial confinement, which lifts the valley degeneracy and results in field-tunable valley-polarized confined states in graphene. Our results provide a new avenue to manipulate the valley degree of freedom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Ning Ren
- Center for Advanced Quantum Studies, Department of Physics, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Chen Zhuang
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Qing-Feng Sun
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing 100871, China
- Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, West Bld. #3, No. 10 Xibeiwang East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Lin He
- Center for Advanced Quantum Studies, Department of Physics, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China
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11
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Ren YN, Cheng Q, Sun QF, He L. Realizing Valley-Polarized Energy Spectra in Bilayer Graphene Quantum Dots via Continuously Tunable Berry Phases. Phys Rev Lett 2022; 128:206805. [PMID: 35657882 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.206805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The Berry phase plays an important role in determining many physical properties of quantum systems. However, tuning the energy spectrum of a quantum system via Berry phase is comparatively rare because the Berry phase is usually a fixed constant. Here, we report the realization of an unusual valley-polarized energy spectra via continuously tunable Berry phases in Bernal-stacked bilayer graphene quantum dots. In our experiment, the Berry phase of electron orbital states is continuously tuned from about π to 2π by perpendicular magnetic fields. When the Berry phase equals π or 2π, the electron states in the two inequivalent valleys are energetically degenerate. By altering the Berry phase to noninteger multiples of π, large and continuously tunable valley-polarized energy spectra are realized. Our result reveals the Berry phase's essential role in valleytronics and the observed valley splitting, on the order of 10 meV at a magnetic field of 1 T, is about 100 times larger than Zeeman splitting for spin, shedding light on graphene-based valleytronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Ning Ren
- Center for Advanced Quantum Studies, Department of Physics, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Qiang Cheng
- School of Science, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266520, China
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Qing-Feng Sun
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing 100871, China
- Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, West Building #3, No. 10 Xibeiwang East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Lin He
- Center for Advanced Quantum Studies, Department of Physics, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
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12
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Sun QF, Tang LJ, Wang MJ, Zhu PW, Li YY, Ma HL, Huang OY, Hong L, Li G, Byrne CD, Targher G, Liu WY, Lu Y, Ding JG, Zheng MH. Potential Blood DNA Methylation Biomarker Genes for Diagnosis of Liver Fibrosis in Patients With Biopsy-Proven Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:864570. [PMID: 35433752 PMCID: PMC9008751 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.864570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and objectiveThis pilot study aimed to identify potential blood DNA methylation (BDM) biomarker genes for the diagnosis of liver fibrosis in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).MethodsWe included a total of 16 NAFLD patients with significant (SLF, liver fibrosis stage ≥ 2) and 16 patients with non-significant liver fibrosis (NSLF, fibrosis stages 0–1). The association between BDM and liver fibrosis was analyzed. Genes were selected based on a stepwise-filtering with CpG islands containing significant differentially methylated probes.ResultsThe two groups of patients were distinguishable through both t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding (t-SNE) analysis and unsupervised hierarchical clustering analysis based on their BDM status. BDM levels were significantly higher in the NSLF group than in the SLF group. The methylation levels in the island and shelf regions were also significantly higher in the NSLF group, as well as the methylation levels in the first exon, 3′-untranslated region, body, ExonBnd, non-intergenic region, transcription start site (TSS)1500, and TSS200 regions (all p < 0.05). BDM status was associated with greater histological liver fibrosis, but not with age, sex, or other histological features of NAFLD (p < 0.05). The methylation levels of the hypomethylated CpG island region of CISTR, IFT140, and RGS14 genes were increased in the NSLF group compared to the SLF group (all p < 0.05).ConclusionBDM may stratify NAFLD patients with significant and non-significant liver fibrosis. The CISTR, IFT140, and RGS14 genes are potential novel candidate BDM biomarkers for liver fibrosis and these pilot data suggest further work on BDM biomarkers is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Feng Sun
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Liang-Jie Tang
- NAFLD Research Center, Department of Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ming-Jie Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Pei-Wu Zhu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yang-Yang Li
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Hong-Lei Ma
- NAFLD Research Center, Department of Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Department of General Practice, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ou-Yang Huang
- NAFLD Research Center, Department of Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Liang Hong
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Gang Li
- NAFLD Research Center, Department of Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Christopher D. Byrne
- National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Giovanni Targher
- Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Wen-Yue Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yan Lu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ji-Guang Ding
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Ji-Guang Ding,
| | - Ming-Hua Zheng
- NAFLD Research Center, Department of Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Institute of Hepatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment for the Development of Chronic Liver Disease in Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Ming-Hua Zheng,
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13
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Cai R, Yao Y, Lv P, Ma Y, Xing W, Li B, Ji Y, Zhou H, Shen C, Jia S, Xie XC, Žutić I, Sun QF, Han W. Evidence for anisotropic spin-triplet Andreev reflection at the 2D van der Waals ferromagnet/superconductor interface. Nat Commun 2021; 12:6725. [PMID: 34795286 PMCID: PMC8602320 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27041-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Fundamental symmetry breaking and relativistic spin-orbit coupling give rise to fascinating phenomena in quantum materials. Of particular interest are the interfaces between ferromagnets and common s-wave superconductors, where the emergent spin-orbit fields support elusive spin-triplet superconductivity, crucial for superconducting spintronics and topologically-protected Majorana bound states. Here, we report the observation of large magnetoresistances at the interface between a quasi-two-dimensional van der Waals ferromagnet Fe0.29TaS2 and a conventional s-wave superconductor NbN, which provides the possible experimental evidence for the spin-triplet Andreev reflection and induced spin-triplet superconductivity at ferromagnet/superconductor interface arising from Rashba spin-orbit coupling. The temperature, voltage, and interfacial barrier dependences of the magnetoresistance further support the induced spin-triplet superconductivity and spin-triplet Andreev reflection. This discovery, together with the impressive advances in two-dimensional van der Waals ferromagnets, opens an important opportunity to design and probe superconducting interfaces with exotic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranran Cai
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, 100871, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Yunyan Yao
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, 100871, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Peng Lv
- Department of Physics, Wuhan University of Technology, 430070, Wuhan, China
| | - Yang Ma
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, 100871, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Wenyu Xing
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, 100871, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Boning Li
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, 100871, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Yuan Ji
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, 100871, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Huibin Zhou
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, 100871, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Chenghao Shen
- Department of Physics, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, 14260, USA
| | - Shuang Jia
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, 100871, Beijing, P. R. China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, P. R. China
- Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, 100193, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - X C Xie
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, 100871, Beijing, P. R. China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, P. R. China
- Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, 100193, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Igor Žutić
- Department of Physics, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, 14260, USA
| | - Qing-Feng Sun
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, 100871, Beijing, P. R. China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, P. R. China
- Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, 100193, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Wei Han
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, P. R. China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, 100871, Beijing, P. R. China.
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14
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Wang C, Guo AM, Sun QF, Yan Y. Efficient Spin-Dependent Charge Transmission and Improved Enantioselective Discrimination Capability in Self-Assembled Chiral Coordinated Monolayers. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:10262-10269. [PMID: 34652163 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c03106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Spin-dependent charge transmission or the so-called chirality-induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect was demonstrated in self-assembled chiral coordinated monolayers. Distinct from the previous CISS phenomenon observed mainly on pure biomolecules, here we expanded this effect to the coordinated complex of chiral biomolecules and metal cations, specifically, cysteine-Cu2+-alanine (Cys/Cu/Ala), in which the complex itself was redox-active. However, the coordinated self-assembled monolayers of cysteine-Cu2+-cysteine did not show any spin-dependent effect. In addition, this phenomenon was explained by developing a theoretical model with spin-orbit coupling. The alanine molecules contributed to multiple transport pathways, leading to experimentally observable spin polarization. Finally, this CISS effect in Cys/Cu/Ala complex was demonstrated to amplify the sensing signal. The enantioselective discrimination efficiency could be improved by controlling the orientation of the external magnetic field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenchen Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ai-Min Guo
- Hunan Key Laboratory for Super-Microstructure and Ultrafast Process, School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Qing-Feng Sun
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yong Yan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
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15
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Li XL, Sun QF, Liu JX, Hao SX, Deng J. [Analysis on the status of occupational health of medical radiation workers in China in 2019]. Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi 2021; 39:770-775. [PMID: 34727660 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn121094-20200720-00419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To grasp the occupational health monitoring of radiation workers in medical institutions across the country, and to discover weak links in the prevention and treatment of occupational radiation diseases. Methods: In 2020 January, according to the monitoring data of the "National Radiation Health Information Platform" (Occupational Radiation Disease and Occupational Health Monitoring Subsystem and Occupational Radiation Disease Reporting Subsystem) , the national occupational health monitoring data from January 1 to December 31, 2019, including the number of radiation workers in medical institutions, occupational health examinations, personal dose monitoring and occupational radiation disease diagnosis, were descriptive analyzed. Results: There were a total of 394436 radiation workers in medical institutions across the country. The number of radiation workers in various provinces was quite different, with a median of 10206, which was positively correlated with the number of permanent residents in each province (r=0.947) . There were 376 personal dose monitoring institutions nationwide, and the personal dose monitoring rate of radiation workers in medical institutions was 96.61% (381045/394436) . There were 419 occupational health inspection institutions for radiation workers across the country, and 269 (64.20%) used software to print physical examination forms. A total of 334455 radiation workers in medical institutions had been subjected to occupational health examinations. The rate of occupational health examinations for radiation workers in medical institutions was 84.79% (334455/394436) . The abnormal rate of chromosomal aberrations in peripheral blood lymphocytes of radiation workers in medical institutions was 0.33% (776/233571) , the detection rate of posterior posterior subcapsular turbidity was 0.63% (2093/334455) , and the abnormality rate of thyroid color ultrasound was 28.49% (14946/52464) . In 2019, a total of 16 cases of occupational radiation diseases were reported. Conclusion: The personal dose monitoring rate and occupational health examination rate of medical radiation workers nationwide are relatively high, but the quality of lymphocyte chromosome aberration analysis, eye lens examination and thyroid color photograph examination needs to be further improved.
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Affiliation(s)
- X L Li
- Key Laboratory of Radiological Protection and Nuclear Emergency, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Radiological Protection, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100088, China
| | - Q F Sun
- Key Laboratory of Radiological Protection and Nuclear Emergency, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Radiological Protection, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100088, China
| | - J X Liu
- Key Laboratory of Radiological Protection and Nuclear Emergency, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Radiological Protection, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100088, China
| | - S X Hao
- Key Laboratory of Radiological Protection and Nuclear Emergency, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Radiological Protection, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100088, China
| | - J Deng
- Key Laboratory of Radiological Protection and Nuclear Emergency, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Radiological Protection, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100088, China
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16
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Yang SC, Li CY, Hu YZ, Sun QF, Pan JQ, Sun DJY, Ma BS, Lyu J, Li LM. [gwasfilter: an R script to filter genome-wide association study]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2021; 42:1876-1881. [PMID: 34814627 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20200731-01003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To develop an R script that can efficiently and accurately filter genome-wide association studies (GWASs) from the GWAS Catalog Website. Methods: The selection principles of GWASs were established based on previous studies. The process of manual filtering in the GWAS Catalog was abstracted as standard algorithms. The R script (gwasfilter.R) was written by two programmers and tested many times. Results: It takes six steps for gwasfilter.R to filter GWASs. There are five main self-defined functions among this R script. GWASs can be filtered based on "whether the GWAS has been replicated" "sample size" "ethnicity of the study population" and other conditions. It takes no more than 1 second for this script to filter GWASs of a single trait. Conclusions: This R script (gwasfilter.R) is user-friendly and provides an efficient and standard process to filter GWASs flexibly. The source code is available at github (https://github.com/lab319/gwas_filter).
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Affiliation(s)
- S C Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - C Y Li
- College of Information Science and Technology, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China
| | - Y Z Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Q F Sun
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - J Q Pan
- College of Information Science and Technology, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China
| | - D J Y Sun
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - B S Ma
- College of Information Science and Technology, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China
| | - J Lyu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China Peking University Center for Public Health and Epidemic Preparedness and Response, Beijing 100191, China
| | - L M Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China Peking University Center for Public Health and Epidemic Preparedness and Response, Beijing 100191, China
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17
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Sun QF, Lyu J, Li LM. [Development and application of health indicators of life expectancy]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2021; 42:1677-1682. [PMID: 34814600 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20200717-00955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Health indicators of life expectancy are widely used to evaluate the overall health level of population or the disease burden in population. With the increase of the cohorts to which long-term follow-ups were made, more studies have explored the influencing factors of such indicators. This paper summarizes the commonly used indicators and their definitions, the basic principles of calculation, and the application of such indicators in the epidemiological studies of chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q F Sun
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - J Lyu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - L M Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
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18
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Gao F, Zheng KI, Yan HD, Sun QF, Pan KH, Wang TY, Chen YP, Targher G, Byrne CD, George J, Zheng MH. Association and Interaction Between Serum Interleukin-6 Levels and Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease in Patients With Severe Coronavirus Disease 2019. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:604100. [PMID: 33763027 PMCID: PMC7982673 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.604100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Circulating levels of interleukin (IL)-6, a well-known inflammatory cytokine, are often elevated in coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). Elevated IL-6 levels are also observed in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). Our study aimed to describe the association between circulating IL-6 levels and MAFLD at hospital admission with risk of severe COVID-19. METHODS A total of 167 patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 from three Chinese hospitals were enrolled. Circulating levels of IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and interferon (IFN)-γ were measured at admission. All patients were screened for fatty liver by computed tomography. Forty-six patients were diagnosed as MAFLD. RESULTS Patients with MAFLD (n = 46) had higher serum IL-6 levels (median 7.1 [interquartile range, 4.3-20.0] vs. 4.8 [2.6-11.6] pg/mL, p = 0.030) compared to their counterparts without MAFLD (n = 121). After adjustment for age and sex, patients with MAFLD had a ~2.6-fold higher risk of having severe COVID-19 than those without MAFLD. After adjustment for age, sex and metabolic co-morbidities, increased serum IL-6 levels remained associated with higher risk of severe COVID-19, especially among infected patients with MAFLD (adjusted-odds ratio 1.14, 95% CI 1.05-1.23; p = 0.002). There was a significant interaction effect between serum IL-6 levels and MAFLD for risk of severe COVID-19 (p for interaction = 0.008). CONCLUSIONS Patients with MAFLD and elevated serum IL-6 levels at admission are at higher risk for severe illness from COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Gao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Kenneth I. Zheng
- MAFLD Research Center, Department of Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Hua-Dong Yan
- Department of Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Digestive System Tumors of Zhejiang Province, Hwamei Hospital, Ningbo No.2 Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China
| | - Qing-Feng Sun
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Ruian People’s Hospital, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ke-Hua Pan
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ting-Yao Wang
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yong-Ping Chen
- MAFLD Research Center, Department of Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Giovanni Targher
- Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Christopher D. Byrne
- Southampton National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Jacob George
- Storr Liver Centre, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead Hospital and University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Ming-Hua Zheng
- MAFLD Research Center, Department of Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Institute of Hepatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment for The Development of Chronic Liver Disease in Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Ming-Hua Zheng,
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Yang D, Li Y, Sun QF, Li ZZ, Lü Q, Wu B, He GL. Research Progress on MicroRNA in Forensic Medicine as Molecular Markers. Fa Yi Xue Za Zhi 2020; 36:374-378. [PMID: 32705853 DOI: 10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2020.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Abstract MicroRNA (miRNA) belongs to a class of endogenous non-coding small RNA molecules with a length of 18-24 nucleotides. The expression of miRNA is highly conservative, has time sequence and is highly tissue-specific. MiRNA could not be easily degraded by ribonuclease, and is resistant to changes in environmental factors such as temperature and pH value. Moreover, miRNA can even be detected in corrupt tissue. As a result, miRNA has broad application prospects in many fields of forensic medicine such as source identification of body fluid and estimation of cause of death. This article briefly summarizes the application of miRNA in forensic practice, such as body fluid identification, determination of postmortem interval and cause of death analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Yang
- Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Public Security, Beijing 100038, China.,Department of Forensic Medicine, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Y Li
- Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Public Security, Beijing 100038, China
| | - Q F Sun
- Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Public Security, Beijing 100038, China
| | - Z Z Li
- Changshou Branch of Chongqing Public Security Bureau, Chongqing 401220, China
| | - Q Lü
- Criminal Technology Branch of Heilongjiang Forestry Public Security Bureau, Harbin 150070, China
| | - B Wu
- Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Public Security, Beijing 100038, China
| | - G L He
- Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Public Security, Beijing 100038, China
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20
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Zhou YJ, Zheng KI, Wang XB, Yan HD, Sun QF, Pan KH, Wang TY, Ma HL, Chen YP, George J, Zheng MH. Younger patients with MAFLD are at increased risk of severe COVID-19 illness: A multicenter preliminary analysis. J Hepatol 2020; 73:719-721. [PMID: 32348790 PMCID: PMC7195041 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2020.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jie Zhou
- MAFLD Research Center, Department of Hepatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China,Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Kenneth I. Zheng
- MAFLD Research Center, Department of Hepatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Bo Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Wenzhou Central Hospital, Wenzhou, China
| | - Hua-Dong Yan
- Department of Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Digestive System Tumors of Zhejiang Province, Hwamei Hospital, Ningbo No.2 Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China
| | - Qing-Feng Sun
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Ruian People's Hospital, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ke-Hua Pan
- Department of Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ting-Yao Wang
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Hong-Lei Ma
- MAFLD Research Center, Department of Hepatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yong-Ping Chen
- MAFLD Research Center, Department of Hepatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jacob George
- Storr Liver Centre, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead Hospital and University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
| | - Ming-Hua Zheng
- MAFLD Research Center, Department of Hepatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; Institute of Hepatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment for The Development of Chronic Liver Disease in Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, China.
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Targher G, Mantovani A, Byrne CD, Wang XB, Yan HD, Sun QF, Pan KH, Zheng KI, Chen YP, Eslam M, George J, Zheng MH. Risk of severe illness from COVID-19 in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease and increased fibrosis scores. Gut 2020; 69:1545-1547. [PMID: 32414813 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2020-321611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Targher
- Department of Medicine, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Verona, Verona, Veneto, Italy
| | - Alessandro Mantovani
- Department of Medicine, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Verona, Verona, Veneto, Italy
| | - Christopher D Byrne
- Southampton National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, Hampshire, UK
| | - Xiao-Bo Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Wenzhou Medical College First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hua-Dong Yan
- Department of Hepatology, Ningbo No 2 Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qing-Feng Sun
- Department of Radiology, Wenzhou Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ke-Hua Pan
- Department of Radiology, Wenzhou Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kenneth I Zheng
- NAFLD Research Center, Department of Hepatology, Wenzhou Medical College First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yong-Ping Chen
- Department of Infection and Liver Diseases, Liver Research Center, Wenzhou Medical College First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mohammed Eslam
- Storr Liver Centre, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jacob George
- Storr Liver Centre, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ming-Hua Zheng
- NAFLD Research Center, Department of Hepatology, Wenzhou Medical College First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China .,Institute of Hepatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
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22
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Zhang YJ, Yang WJ, Liu D, Cao YQ, Zheng YY, Han YC, Jin RS, Han Y, Wang XY, Pan AS, Dai JY, Sun QF, Zhao FQ, Yang QY, Zhang JH, Liu SJ, Da Q, Guo W, Li CQ, Zhang WT, Wu H, Chen XS, Ji AQ, Xiang J, Chen K, Feng XJ, Zhang XF, Cao QQ, Qin L, Li J, Zhou M, Lu Y, Wang CF, Yan FH, Li HC, Qu JM. COVID-19 and early-stage lung cancer both featuring ground-glass opacities: a propensity score-matched study. Transl Lung Cancer Res 2020; 9:1516-1527. [PMID: 32953523 PMCID: PMC7481645 DOI: 10.21037/tlcr-20-892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background Radiological manifestations of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) featured ground-glass opacities (GGOs), especially in the early stage, which might create confusion in differential diagnosis with early lung cancer. We aimed to specify the radiological characteristics of COVID-19 and early lung cancer and to unveil the discrepancy between them. Methods One hundred and fifty-seven COVID-19 patients and 374 early lung cancer patients from four hospitals in China were retrospectively enrolled. Epidemiological, clinical, radiological, and pathological characteristics were compared between the two groups using propensity score-matched (PSM) analysis. Results COVID-19 patients had more distinct symptoms, tended to be younger (P<0.0001), male (P<0.0001), and had a higher body mass index (P=0.014). After 1:1 PSM, 121 matched pairs were identified. Regarding radiological characteristics, patients with a single lesion accounted for 17% in COVID-19 and 89% in lung cancer (P<0.0001). Most lesions were peripherally found in both groups. Lesions in COVID-19 involved more lobes (median 3.5 vs. 1; P<0.0001) and segments (median 6 vs. 1; P<0.0001) and tended to have multiple types (67%) with patchy form (54%). Early lung cancer was more likely to have a single type (92%) with oval form (66%). Also, COVID-19 and early lung cancer either had some distinctive features on computed tomography (CT) images. Conclusions Both COVID-19 and early lung cancers showed GGOs, with similar but independent features. The imaging characteristics should be fully understood and combined with epidemiological history, pathogen detection, laboratory tests, short-term CT reexamination, and pathological results to aid differential diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Jie Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen-Jie Yang
- Department of Radiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dong Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-Qin Cao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-Yan Zheng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-Chao Han
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Run-Sen Jin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Han
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Yang Wang
- Department of Radiology, Ruian People's Hospital, Ruian, China
| | - A-Shan Pan
- Department of Radiology, Yueqing People's Hospital, Yueqing, China
| | - Jian-Yi Dai
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Ruian People's Hospital, Ruian, China
| | - Qing-Feng Sun
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Ruian People's Hospital, Ruian, China
| | - Feng-Quan Zhao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Wenzhou Central Hospital, Wenzhou, China
| | - Qing-Yuan Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia-Hao Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Sheng-Jun Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qian Da
- Department of Pathology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Guo
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Cheng-Qiang Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen-Tian Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Han Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xing-Shi Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - An-Qi Ji
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Xiang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kai Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xi-Jia Feng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xian-Fei Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi-Qi Cao
- Department of Radiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Le Qin
- Department of Radiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Li
- Clinical Research Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Zhou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong Lu
- Department of Radiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao-Fu Wang
- Department of Pathology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fu-Hua Yan
- Department of Radiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - He-Cheng Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie-Ming Qu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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23
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He HX, Ji AQ, Han N, Zhao YX, Hu S, Kong QL, Liu Y, Sun QF. Identification of Peripheral Blood and Menstrual Blood Based on the Expression Level of MicroRNAs and Discriminant Analysis. Fa Yi Xue Za Zhi 2020; 36:514-518. [PMID: 33047536 DOI: 10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2020.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Objective To construct a discriminant analysis model based on the differential expression of multiple microRNAs (miRNAs) in two kinds of blood samples (peripheral blood and menstrual blood) and three non-blood samples (saliva, semen and vaginal secretion), to form an identification solution for peripheral blood and menstrual blood. Methods Six kinds of miRNA (miR-451a, miR-144-3p, miR-144-5p, miR-214-3p, miR-203-3p and miR-205-5p) were selected from literature, the samples of five kinds of body fluids commonly seen in forensic practice (peripheral blood, menstrual blood, saliva, semen, vaginal secretion) were collected, then the samples were divided into training set and testing set and detected by SYBR Green real-time qPCR. A discriminant analysis model was set up based on the expression data of training set and the expression data of testing set was used to examine the accuracy of the model. Results A discriminant analysis statistical model that could distinguish blood samples from non-blood samples and distinguish peripheral blood samples from menstrual blood samples at the same time was successfully constructed. The identification accuracy of the model was over 99%. Conclusion This study provides a scientific and accurate identification strategy for forensic fluid identification of peripheral blood and menstrual blood samples and could be used in forensic practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- H X He
- School of Forensic Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
- Key Laboratory of Forensic Genetics, Ministry of Public Security, National Engineering Laboratory for Forensic Science, Institute of Forensic Science, Beijing 100038, China
| | - A Q Ji
- Key Laboratory of Forensic Genetics, Ministry of Public Security, National Engineering Laboratory for Forensic Science, Institute of Forensic Science, Beijing 100038, China
| | - N Han
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Y X Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Forensic Genetics, Ministry of Public Security, National Engineering Laboratory for Forensic Science, Institute of Forensic Science, Beijing 100038, China
| | - S Hu
- Key Laboratory of Forensic Genetics, Ministry of Public Security, National Engineering Laboratory for Forensic Science, Institute of Forensic Science, Beijing 100038, China
| | - Q L Kong
- Faculty of Mathematics and Statistics, Zaozhuang University, Zaozhuang 277160, Shandong Province, China
| | - Y Liu
- School of Forensic Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
- Key Laboratory of Forensic Genetics, Ministry of Public Security, National Engineering Laboratory for Forensic Science, Institute of Forensic Science, Beijing 100038, China
| | - Q F Sun
- Key Laboratory of Forensic Genetics, Ministry of Public Security, National Engineering Laboratory for Forensic Science, Institute of Forensic Science, Beijing 100038, China
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24
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Hua CZ, Miao ZP, Zheng JS, Huang Q, Sun QF, Lu HP, Su FF, Wang WH, Huang LP, Chen DQ, Xu ZW, Ji LD, Zhang HP, Yang XW, Li MH, Mao YY, Ying MZ, Ye S, Shu Q, Chen EF, Liang JF, Wang W, Chen ZM, Li W, Fu JF. Epidemiological features and viral shedding in children with SARS-CoV-2 infection. J Med Virol 2020; 92:2804-2812. [PMID: 32542750 PMCID: PMC7323101 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.26180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
A pandemic of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection broke out all over the world; however, epidemiological data and viral shedding in pediatric patients are limited. We conducted a retrospective, multicenter study, and followed-up with all children from the families with SARS-CoV-2 infected members in Zhejiang Province, China. All infections were confirmed by testing the SARS-CoV-2 RNA with real-time reverse transcription PCR method, and epidemiological data between children and adults in the same families were compared. Effect of antiviral therapy was evaluated observationally and fecal-viral excretion times among groups with different antiviral regiments were compared with Kaplan-Meier plot. By 29 February 2020, 1298 cases from 883 families were confirmed with SARS-CoV-2 infection and 314 of which were families with children. Incidence of infection in child close contacts was significantly lower than that in adult contacts (13.2% vs 21.2%). The mean age of 43 pediatric cases was 8.2 years and mean incubation period was 9.1 days. Forty (93.0%) were family clustering. Thirty-three children had coronavirus disease 2019 (20 pneumonia) with mild symptoms and 10 were asymptomatic. Fecal SARS-CoV-2 RNA detection was positive in 91.4% (32/35) cases and some children had viral excretion time over 70 days. Viral clearance time was not different among the groups treated with different antiviral regiments. No subsequent infection was observed in family contacts of fecal-viral-excreting children. Children have lower susceptibility of SARS-CoV-2 infection, longer incubation, and fecal-viral excretion time. Positive results of fecal SARS-CoV-2 RNA detection were not used as indication for hospitalization or quarantine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Zhen Hua
- Department of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zi-Ping Miao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ji-Shan Zheng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Ningbo Women and Children's Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qian Huang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou Xixi Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qing-Feng Sun
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Ruian People's Hospital, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hong-Ping Lu
- Department of Pediatrics, Taizhou Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fei-Fei Su
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Wenzhou Central Hospital, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wei-Hong Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Huzhou Central Hospital, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lie-Ping Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, Zhoushan Women and Children's Hospital, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, China
| | - Da-Qing Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Changnan People's Hospital, Changnan, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhi-Wei Xu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Le-Dan Ji
- Department of Pediatrics, Yueqing People's Hospital, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hong-Ping Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Wenzhou People's Hospital, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiao-Wei Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, The First People's Hospital of Wenling, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ming-Hui Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yue-Yan Mao
- Department of Pediatrics, The First People's Hospital of Yuhang, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Man-Zhen Ying
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Dongyang People's Hospital, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China
| | - Sheng Ye
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiang Shu
- Data Information Center, Department of Surgery, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - En-Fu Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jian-Feng Liang
- Statistics Unit, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Medical Administration, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Min Chen
- Department of Respiratory, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Laboratory Center, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jun-Fen Fu
- Data Information Center, Department of Endocrinology, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, The children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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25
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Gao F, Zheng KI, Wang XB, Sun QF, Pan KH, Wang TY, Chen YP, Targher G, Byrne CD, George J, Zheng MH. Obesity Is a Risk Factor for Greater COVID-19 Severity. Diabetes Care 2020; 43:e72-e74. [PMID: 32409499 DOI: 10.2337/dc20-0682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 246] [Impact Index Per Article: 61.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Gao
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Kenneth I Zheng
- NAFLD Research Center, Department of Hepatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Bo Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Wenzhou Central Hospital, Wenzhou, China
| | - Qing-Feng Sun
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Ruian People's Hospital, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ke-Hua Pan
- Department of Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ting-Yao Wang
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yong-Ping Chen
- NAFLD Research Center, Department of Hepatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Giovanni Targher
- Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Christopher D Byrne
- Southampton National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, U.K
| | - Jacob George
- Storr Liver Centre, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead Hospital and University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Ming-Hua Zheng
- NAFLD Research Center, Department of Hepatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China .,Institute of Hepatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment for The Development of Chronic Liver Disease in Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, China
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26
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Zheng KI, Gao F, Wang XB, Sun QF, Pan KH, Wang TY, Ma HL, Chen YP, Liu WY, George J, Zheng MH. Letter to the Editor: Obesity as a risk factor for greater severity of COVID-19 in patients with metabolic associated fatty liver disease. Metabolism 2020; 108:154244. [PMID: 32320741 PMCID: PMC7166301 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2020.154244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 224] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth I Zheng
- MAFLD Research Center, Department of Hepatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Feng Gao
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Bo Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Wenzhou Central Hospital, Wenzhou, China
| | - Qing-Feng Sun
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Ruian People's Hospital, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ke-Hua Pan
- Department of Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ting-Yao Wang
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Hong-Lei Ma
- MAFLD Research Center, Department of Hepatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yong-Ping Chen
- MAFLD Research Center, Department of Hepatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Wen-Yue Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jacob George
- Storr Liver Centre, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead Hospital and University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
| | - Ming-Hua Zheng
- MAFLD Research Center, Department of Hepatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; Institute of Hepatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment for The Development of Chronic Liver Disease in Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, China.
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27
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Liu YW, Hou Z, Li SY, Sun QF, He L. Movable Valley Switch Driven by Berry Phase in Bilayer-Graphene Resonators. Phys Rev Lett 2020; 124:166801. [PMID: 32383950 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.124.166801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Berry phase, the geometric phase accumulated over a closed loop in parameter space during an adiabatic cyclic evolution, has been demonstrated to play an important role in many quantum systems since its discovery. In gapped Bernal bilayer graphene, the Berry phase can be continuously tuned from zero to 2π, which offers a unique opportunity to explore the tunable Berry phase on physical phenomena. Here, we report experimental observation of Berry-phase-induced valley splitting and crossing in movable bilayer-graphene p-n junction resonators. In our experiment, the resonators are generated by combining the electric field of a scanning tunneling microscope tip with the gap of bilayer graphene. A perpendicular magnetic field changes the Berry phase of the confined bound states in the resonators from zero to 2π continuously and leads to the Berry phase difference for the two inequivalent valleys in the bilayer graphene. As a consequence, we observe giant valley splitting and unusual valley crossing of the lowest bound states. Our results indicate that the bilayer-graphene resonators can be used to manipulate the valley degree of freedom in valleytronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Wen Liu
- Center for Advanced Quantum Studies, Department of Physics, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhe Hou
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Si-Yu Li
- Center for Advanced Quantum Studies, Department of Physics, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing-Feng Sun
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing 100871, China
- Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, West Boulevard No. 3, No. 10 Xibeiwang East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Lin He
- Center for Advanced Quantum Studies, Department of Physics, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 865 Changning Road, Shanghai 200050, People's Republic of China
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28
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Fan SN, Deng J, Sun QF. [Results and analysis on individual dose level of occupation exposure in industrial application in China (2009-2013)]. Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi 2020; 37:943-946. [PMID: 31937041 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-9391.2019.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To understand and analyze the individual dose level of occupational external exposure of industrial workers in China from 2009 to 2013, and to provide basic data and scientific basis for radiation protection and radiation protection management. Methods: Since January 2009, the individual dose monitoring data of industrial workers were collected through the "National radiological health information platform-individual dose monitoring system". The methods of Kruskal-Wallis test and the Mann-Whitney test were used for statistical analysis of monitoring results for different occupational categories from 2009 to 2013. Results: From 2009 to 2013, a total of 151, 541 people were monitored for the number of industrial radioactive workers, showing a steady upward trend year by year. The average annual effective doses was 1.179 mSv/a. The average annual effective dose of industrial flaw detection, industrial irradiation, luminescent coatings, radioisotope production, logging, accelerator operation and other applications were 0.808, 1.429, 0.315, 1.074, 0.766, 0.576, and 1.510 mSv/a. There was a statistically significant difference in the average annual effective dose between the seven occupational categories (P<0.05) . The average annual effective doses of other application and industrial irradiation workers in 2013 were significantly higher than other occupational categories (P<0.05) . Conclusion: The average annual effective dose of industrial radiation workers meet the requirements of national standards. The exposure doses of industrial radiation and other application radiation workers are relatively high. The radiation protection workplace protection measures should be further improved and improved, and radiation protection knowledge training should be strengthened to protect their occupational health.
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Affiliation(s)
- S N Fan
- Key Laboratory of Radiological Protection and Nuclear Emergency, China CDC, National Institute for Radiological Protection, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100088, China
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29
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Shen GH, Song Y, Yao Y, Sun QF, Jing B, Wu J, Li SY, Liu SQ, Li HC, Yuan C, Liu GY, Li JB, Liu XY, Wang HY. Downregulation of DLGAP1-Antisense RNA 1 Alleviates Vascular Endothelial Cell Injury Via Activation of the Phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt Pathway Results from an Acute Limb Ischemia Rat Model. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2019; 59:98-107. [PMID: 31744785 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejvs.2019.06.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Revised: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the effect of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) DLGAP1 antisense RNA 1 (DLGAP1-AS1) on vascular endothelial cell (VEC) injury via the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway in rat models of acute lower limb ischaemia-reperfusion (I/R). METHODS Differentially expressed lncRNAs related to I/R were screened using the gene expression omnibus database. Acute lower limb I/R models were induced in male Wistar rats, in which the regulatory mechanisms of DLGAP1-AS1 silencing were analysed after the treatment of small interfering RNA (siRNA) against DLGAP1-AS1 or an inhibitor of the PI3K/Akt pathway. The relationship between DLGAP1-AS1 and the PI3K/Akt pathway was analysed. The levels of tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), as well as malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration and creatine kinase (CK) activity, were measured. The number of circulating endothelial cells (CECs) and apoptosis of VECs were identified. RESULTS Microarray based analysis indicated that DLGAP1-AS1 was highly expressed in I/R, which was further confirmed by detection of expression in rat models of acute lower limb I/R. Notably, the treatment of siRNA against DLGAP1-AS1 led to the activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway. In response to siRNA against DLGAP1-AS1, the levels of TNF-α and VCAM-1 were decreased, and MDA concentration and CK activity was downregulated. Reduced CEC numbers and suppressed VEC apoptosis were also observed. CONCLUSION DLGAP1-AS1 silencing could further suppress the oxidative stress, exert an anti-apoptosis effect, and reduce inflammatory reaction, whereby VEC injury is alleviated by activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway in rats with acute lower limb I/R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Hui Shen
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Ye Song
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Ye Yao
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Qing-Feng Sun
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Bao Jing
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Jia Wu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Shi-Yong Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Si-Qi Liu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Hao-Cheng Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Chao Yuan
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Gao-Yan Liu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Jing-Bo Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Xin-Yu Liu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Hai-Yang Wang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, PR China.
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Yang NX, Zhou YF, Hou Z, Sun QF. Anomalous spin Nernst effect in Weyl semimetals. J Phys Condens Matter 2019; 31:435301. [PMID: 31239413 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ab2c7d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The spin Nernst effect describes a transverse spin current induced by the longitudinal thermal gradient in a system with the spin-orbit coupling. Here we study the spin Nernst effect in a mesoscopic four-terminal cross-bar Weyl semimetal device under a perpendicular magnetic field. Because the spin current is a tensor, it has three elements with the spin direction pointing to the x, y and z directions when the spin current flows along the transverse lead. By using the tight-binding Hamiltonian combined with the nonequilibrium Green's function method, the three elements of the spin current in the transverse leads and the spin Nernst coefficients are obtained. The results show that the spin Nernst effect in the Weyl semimetal has an essential difference to the traditional Nernst effect: we found that the z direction spin current is zero without the magnetic field while it appears under the magnetic field, and the x and y direction spin currents in the two transverse leads flow out or in together, in contrast to the traditional spin Nernst effect, in which the spin current is induced by the spin-orbit coupling and flows out from one lead and flows in on the other. We call it the anomalous spin Nernst effect. In addition, we show that the Weyl semimetals have inversion-type symmetry, mirror-reversal-type symmetry and electron-hole-type symmetry, which lead to the spin Nernst coefficients being either odd or even functions of the Fermi energy, the magnetic field and the transverse terminals. Moreover, the spin Nernst effect in the Weyl semimetals are strongly anisotropic and its coefficients are strongly dependent on both the direction of thermal gradient and the direction of the transverse lead connection. Three non-equivalent connection modes (x-z, z-x and x-y modes) are studied in detail, and the spin Nernst coefficients for three different modes exhibit very different behaviors. These strongly anisotropic behaviors of the spin Nernst effect can be used as the characterization of magnetic Weyl semimetals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning-Xuan Yang
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
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Ni HY, Qin KJ, Sun QF, Bian LG. [Surgical treatment for Cushing's disease with negative results in high dose dexamethasone suppression tests]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2019; 99:1499-1501. [PMID: 31137142 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2019.19.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the indication and the outcome of trans-sphenoidal surgery (TSS) in Cushing's disease (CD) with negative high dose dexamethasone suppression tests (HDDST) results. Methods: Eighteen cases of ACTH-dependent Cushing's syndrome (CS) with negative HDDST results in the Department of Neurosurgery in Shanghai Ruijin Hospital from January 2015 to December 2017 were retrospectively reviewed. All patients underwent TSS. There were 5 males and 13 females, with an average age of (41±14) years. Results: All patients underwent bilateral inferior petrosal sinus sampling (BIPSS) before the surgery and got evidence of pituitary origin of ACTH secretion. They were thus indicated for TSS. Immediate post-operative remission was achieved in ratio 17/18. There were no recurrences within a flow-up of 1 to 3 years. Pituitary ACTH secreting adenomas were pathologically confirmed in 15 cases, including the one who did not achieve post-operative remission. Thus, all 18 patients with negative HDDST results can finally be confirmed as CD. Conclusions: HDDST alone is not sufficient to eliminate CD. For patients with ACTH-dependent CS with negative HDDST results, BIPSS should be further performed. The fact of post-operative remission and the pathological confirm of ACTH secreting pituitary adenoma may add final evidence to the diagnosis of CD.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Y Ni
- Shanghai Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
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Xing Y, Xu F, Sun QF, Wang J, Yao YG. Geometric effect on quantum anomalous Hall states in magnetic topological insulators. J Phys Condens Matter 2018; 30:435303. [PMID: 30226213 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/aae21e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
An intriguing observation on the quantum anomalous Hall effect (QAHE) in magnetic topological insulators (MTIs) is the dissipative edge states, where quantized Hall resistance is accompanied by nonzero longitudinal resistance. We numerically investigate this dissipative behavior of QAHE in MTIs with a three-dimensional tight-binding model and non-equilibrium Green's function formalism. It is found that, in clean samples, the geometric mismatch between the detecting electrodes and the MTI sample leads to additional scattering in the central Hall bar, which is similar to the effect of splitting gates in the traditional Hall effect. As a result, while the Hall resistance remains quantized, the longitudinal resistance deviates from zero due to such additional scattering. It is also shown that external magnetic fields as well as disorder scattering can suppress the dissipation of the longitudinal resistance. These results are in good agreement with previous experimental observations and provide insight on the fabrication of QAHE devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxia Xing
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Nanophotonics and Ultrafine Optoelectronic Systems, School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
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Cheng SG, Liu H, Jiang H, Sun QF, Xie XC. Manipulation and Characterization of the Valley-Polarized Topological Kink States in Graphene-Based Interferometers. Phys Rev Lett 2018; 121:156801. [PMID: 30362779 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.121.156801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Valley polarized topological kink states, existing broadly in the domain wall of hexagonal lattice systems, are identified in experiments. Unfortunately, only very limited physical properties are given. Using an Aharanov-Bohm interferometer composed of domain walls in graphene systems, we study the periodical modulation of a pure valley current in a large range by tuning the magnetic field or the Fermi level. For a monolayer graphene device, there exists one topological kink state, and the oscillation of the transmission coefficients has a single period. The π Berry phase and the linear dispersion relation of kink states can be extracted from the transmission data. For a bilayer graphene device, there are two topological kink states with two oscillation periods. Our proposal provides an experimentally feasible route to manipulate and characterize the valley-polarized topological kink states in classical wave and electronic graphene-type crystalline systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Guang Cheng
- Department of Physics, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Theoretical Physics Frontiers, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Haiwen Liu
- Center for Advanced Quantum Studies, Department of Physics, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Hua Jiang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
- Institute for Advanced Study, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Qing-Feng Sun
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing 100871, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - X C Xie
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing 100871, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
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Zhou QQ, Hu YB, Zhou K, Zhang WW, Li MH, Dong P, Di JG, Hong L, Du QW, Xie Y, Sun QF. [Value of non-invasive models of liver fibrosis in judgment of treatment timing in chronic hepatitis B patients with ALT < 2×upper limit of normal]. Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi 2017; 24:665-670. [PMID: 27788722 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1007-3418.2016.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the value of non-invasive liver fibrosis models, FIB-4, S index, aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio index(APRI), globulin-platelet(GP)model, aspartate aminotransferase/platelet/gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase/alpha-fetoprotein(APGA), and platelet/age/phosphatase/alpha-fetoprotein/aspartate aminotransferase(PAPAS), in the diagnosis of marked liver fibrosis in chronic hepatitis B(CHB)patients with ALT < 2×upper limit of normal(ULN), as well as treatment timing for this population. Methods: A total of 389 CHB patients with ALT < 2×ULN who were admitted to Beijing Ditan Hospital and whose treatment timing was difficult to judge were enrolled. Transdermal liver biopsy was performed to obtain pathological results, and routine serological tests were performed, including routine blood test, serum biochemical parameters, hepatitis B virus(HBV)markers, and HBV DNA. According to liver pathology, the patients were divided into non-marked liver fibrosis group(S < 2)with 324 patients and marked liver fibrosis group(S≥2)with 65 patients. The non-invasive models for predicting liver fibrosis was established with reference to original articles. SPSS 19.0 software was used for statistical analysis, and the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was used to compare the value of different non-invasive models in predicting marked liver fibrosis in this population. Results: All the non-invasive models had a certain diagnostic value for liver fibrosis degree in these patients, and the areas under the ROC curve for APRI, FIB-4, APGA, S index, PAPAS, and GP model were 0.718, 0.691, 0.758, 0.729, 0.673, and 0.691, respectively. APGA had the largest area under the ROC curve(0.758, 95% CI 0.673-0.844), and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase was significantly positively correlated with liver fibrosis degree. Conclusion: The non-invasive models of liver fibrosis can identify marked liver fibrosis in CHB patients with ALT < 2×ULN in whom it is difficult to judge treatment timing and help to determine treatment timing for them. APGA model has the highest value and can reduce the need for liver biopsy to the certain degree.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Q Zhou
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Ruian People's Hospital, Wenzhou 325200, China
| | - Y B Hu
- Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - K Zhou
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Ruian People's Hospital, Wenzhou 325200, China
| | - W W Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Ruian People's Hospital, Wenzhou 325200, China
| | - M H Li
- Liver Center of Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, China
| | - P Dong
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Ruian People's Hospital, Wenzhou 325200, China
| | - J G Di
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Ruian People's Hospital, Wenzhou 325200, China
| | - L Hong
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Ruian People's Hospital, Wenzhou 325200, China
| | - Q W Du
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Ruian People's Hospital, Wenzhou 325200, China
| | - Y Xie
- Liver Center of Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, China
| | - Q F Sun
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Ruian People's Hospital, Wenzhou 325200, China
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Wang LM, Zhao N, Zhang J, Sun QF, Yang CZ, Yang PS. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha inhibits osteogenic differentiation of pre-osteoblasts by downregulation of EphB4 signaling via activated nuclear factor-kappaB signaling pathway. J Periodontal Res 2017; 53:66-72. [PMID: 28857167 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE The majority of experiments show that tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) inhibits osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells and pre-osteoblasts by activated nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) signaling. However, the underlying mechanisms by which NF-κB signaling inhibits osteogenic differentiation are not fully understood. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether EphB4 signaling inhibition mediates the effects of TNF-α-activated NF-κB signaling on osteogenic differentiation of pre-osteoblasts. MATERIAL AND METHODS Murine MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblasts were treated with 10 ng/mL of TNF-α. NF-κB inhibitor, pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate, was used to achieve NF-κB signaling inhibition. EphB4 signaling was activated using ephrinB2-fc. The mRNA expressions of runt related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), bone sialoprotein (BSP) and EphB4 were determined using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. The protein levels of Runx2, BSP, Col Ia1, osteopontin, EphB4, p-NF-κB p65 and NF-κB p65 were evaluated using western blot assays. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity in MC3T3-E1 cells was evaluated by ALP activity kit, and mineral nodule formation was evaluated by Alizarin Red S staining. RESULTS TNF-α inhibited EphB4 expression, while it suppressed Runx2, BSP expression from gene and protein levels as well as ALP activity and mineral nodule formation in MC3T3-E1 cells. Activation of EphB4 signaling by ephrinB2-fc promoted osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells, whereas TNF-α impaired the osteogenic differentiation enhanced by ephrinB2-fc. Pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate blocked the activation of NF-κB signaling induced by TNF-α, while it prevented the downregulation of Runx2, BSP and EphB4, induced by TNF-α. CONCLUSION TNF-α inhibits osteogenic differentiation of pre-osteoblasts by downregulation of EphB4 signaling via activated NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- L M Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Qilu Hospital, and Institute of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Shandong provincial key laboratory of oral tissue regeneration, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - N Zhao
- Dezhou keen Stomatology Hospital, Dezhou, Shandong, China
| | - J Zhang
- Department of Endodontics, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Q F Sun
- Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - C Z Yang
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Qilu Hospital, and Institute of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - P S Yang
- Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Shandong provincial key laboratory of oral tissue regeneration, Jinan, Shandong, China
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Fu RQ, Hu DP, Hu YB, Hong L, Sun QF, Ding JG. miR‑21 promotes α‑SMA and collagen I expression in hepatic stellate cells via the Smad7 signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:4327-4333. [PMID: 28731181 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of microRNA (miR)‑21 in regulating collagen I and Smad7 expression in activated rat hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). Rat HSCs were isolated by single‑step density gradient centrifugation with Nycodenz. Cellular content of miR‑21, SMAD7, α‑smooth muscle actin (α‑SMA), collagen type I alpha 1 (COLLA1) and COLL alpha 2 (A2) mRNA was examined by reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‑qPCR), and cellular content of Smad7 and α‑SMA protein was detected by western blotting. Binding of miR‑21 to the 3'‑untranslated region (UTR) of Smad7 was verified by dual‑luciferase assay. The authors observed that, in activated HSCs, expression of miR‑21 was significantly increased in a time‑dependent manner, while expression of Smad7 mRNA and protein was significantly reduced. In addition, miR‑21 mimics significantly enhanced cellular α‑SMA mRNA and protein content, while miR‑21 inhibitor significantly reduced α‑SMA mRNA and protein levels. Similarly, cellular content of COLLA1 and COLLA2 mRNA was significantly elevated by miR‑21 mimics, but reduced by miR‑21 inhibitor, in activated HSCs. Moreover, cellular content of Smad7 mRNA and protein was significantly reduced by miR‑21 mimics, but significantly increased by miR‑21 inhibitor. Furthermore, miR‑21 mimics activated firefly luciferase in HEK293 cells transfected with the wild type 3'‑UTR of Smad7. miR‑21 regulates expression of α‑SMA and collagen I in activated rat HSCs by directly targeting Smad7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong-Quan Fu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Rui'an, Zhejiang 325200, P.R. China
| | - Dan-Ping Hu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Rui'an, Zhejiang 325200, P.R. China
| | - Yi-Bing Hu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Rui'an, Zhejiang 325200, P.R. China
| | - Liang Hong
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Rui'an, Zhejiang 325200, P.R. China
| | - Qing-Feng Sun
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Rui'an, Zhejiang 325200, P.R. China
| | - Ji-Guang Ding
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Rui'an, Zhejiang 325200, P.R. China
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Abstract
The Josephson supercurrent through a hybrid Majorana-quantum dot-Majorana junction is investigated. We particularly analyze the effect of spin-selective coupling between the Majorana and quantum dot states, which only emerges in the topological phase and will influence the current through bent junctions and/or in the presence of magnetic fields in the quantum dot. We find that the characteristic behavior of the supercurrent through this system is quite counterintuitive, differing remarkably from the resonant tunneling, e.g. through the similar (normal phase) superconductor-quantum dot-superconductor junction. Our analysis is carried out under the influence of the full set-up parameters and for both the [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] periodic currents. The present study is expected to be relevant to the future exploration of applications of Majorana-nanowire circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luting Xu
- Center for Advanced Quantum Studies and Department of Physics, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China
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Abstract
There is currently a lack of reliable, reproducible, and easily applied methods for assessing changes in liver histology in patients in the gray zone phase of chronic hepatitis B (CHB). Therefore, we aimed to develop a novel predictive scoring system to detect significant liver histological changes in these patients.A total of 388 patients in the gray zone phase of CHB who underwent liver biopsy were divided into a training group and a validation group, and their clinical and routinely available laboratory parameters were analyzed using univariate analysis, Spearman correlation analysis, and logistic modeling. A novel scoring system, termed the Significant Histological Model (SHM), was constructed using logistic modeling. The diagnostic accuracy of our novel scoring system was evaluated by the receiving operating characteristic (ROC) method, sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values (NPVs).We established the novel SHM scoring system using serum aspartate transaminase (AST), platelet counts (PLTs), albumin (ALB), and hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA (log10 IU/mL) levels. The area under the ROC curve of the SHM scoring system was 0.763 in the training group and 0.791 in the validation group. For patients with a score of -1.0 or less and no significant histological changes, the sensitivity was 78.9%, specificity was 51.5%, positive predictive value (PPV) was 46.4%, and NPV was 82.0%. In the validation set, the sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV were 80.0%, 66.6%, 56.3%, and 86.2%, respectively.This novel scoring system using AST, PLT, ALB, and HBV DNA (log10 IU/mL) levels identifies patients in the gray zone phase of CHB with and without histological changes with a high degree of accuracy. Here, we provide the experimental basis for the initiation of clinical antiviral treatment without the need for liver biopsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- An-Na Pan
- Department of Infection, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Ruian
| | - Wang-Wang Xu
- Department of Infection, Wenzhou People's Hospital
| | - Yun-Lin Luo
- Department of Infection, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Ruian
| | - Huan-Huan Yu
- Department of Infection, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Ruian
| | - Yi-Bing Hu
- Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Qing-Feng Sun
- Department of Infection, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Ruian
| | - Ji-Guang Ding
- Department of Infection, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Ruian
| | - Yang-He Wu
- Department of Infection, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Ruian
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Li JB, Wang HY, Yao Y, Sun QF, Liu ZH, Liu SQ, Zhuang JL, Wang YP, Liu HY. Overexpression of microRNA-138 alleviates human coronary artery endothelial cell injury and inflammatory response by inhibiting the PI3K/Akt/eNOS pathway. J Cell Mol Med 2017; 21:1482-1491. [PMID: 28371277 PMCID: PMC5542903 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the role of miR‐138 in human coronary artery endothelial cell (HCAEC) injury and inflammatory response and the involvement of the PI3K/Akt/eNOS signalling pathway. Oxidized low‐density lipoprotein (OX‐LDL)‐induced HCAEC injury models were established and assigned to blank, miR‐138 mimic, miR‐138 inhibitor, LY294002 (an inhibitor of the PI3K/Akt/eNOS pathway), miR‐138 inhibitor + LY294002 and negative control (NC) groups. qRT‐PCR and Western blotting were performed to detect the miR‐138, PI3K, Akt and eNOS levels and the protein expressions of PI3K, Akt, eNOS, p‐Akt, p‐eNOS, Bcl‐2, Bax and caspase‐3. ELISAs were employed to measure the expressions of TNF‐α, IL‐4, IL‐6, IL‐8, IL‐10 and nitric oxide (NO) and the activities of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and eNOS. MTT and flow cytometry were performed to assess the proliferation and apoptosis of HCAECs. Compared to the blank group, PI3K, Akt and eNOS were down‐regulated in the miR‐138 mimic and LY294002 groups but were up‐regulated in the miR‐138 inhibitor group. The miR‐138 mimic and LY294002 groups showed decreased concentrations of TNF‐α, IL‐6, IL‐8 and NO and reduced activities of LDH and eNOS, while opposite trends were observed in the miR‐138 inhibitor group. The concentrations of IL‐4 and IL‐10 increased in the miR‐138 mimic and LY294002 groups but decreased in the miR‐138 inhibitor group. The miR‐138 mimic and LY294002 groups had significantly decreased cell proliferation and increased cell apoptosis compared to the blank group. These findings indicate that up‐regulation of miR‐138 alleviates HCAEC injury and inflammatory response by inhibiting the PI3K/Akt/eNOS signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Bo Li
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Hai-Yang Wang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Ye Yao
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Qing-Feng Sun
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Zong-Hong Liu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Si-Qi Liu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jun-Li Zhuang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yun-Peng Wang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Hong-Yu Liu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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Hong L, Sun QF, Xu TY, Wu YH, Zhang H, Fu RQ, Cai FJ, Zhou QQ, Zhou K, Du QW, Zhang D, Xu S, Ding JG. New role and molecular mechanism of Gadd45a in hepatic fibrosis. World J Gastroenterol 2016; 22:2779-2788. [PMID: 26973416 PMCID: PMC4778000 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v22.i9.2779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2015] [Revised: 08/04/2015] [Accepted: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the role of Gadd45a in hepatic fibrosis and the transforming growth factor (TGF)-β/Smad signaling pathway.
METHODS: Wild-type male BALB/c mice were treated with CCl4 to induce a model of chronic liver injury. Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) were isolated from the liver of BALB/c mice and were treated with small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) targeting Gadd45a or the pcDNA3.1-Gadd45a recombinant plasmid. Cellular α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), β-actin, type I collagen, phospho-Smad2, phospho-Smad3, Smad2, Smad3, and Smad4 were detected by Western blots. The mRNA levels of α-SMA, β-actin, and type I collagen were determined by quantitative real-time (qRT)-PCR analyses. Reactive oxygen species production was monitored by flow cytometry using 2,7-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate. Gadd45a, Gadd45b, anti-Gadd45g, type I collagen, and SMA local expression in liver tissue were measured by histologic and immunohistochemical analyses.
RESULTS: Significant downregulation of Gadd45a, but not Gadd45b or Gadd45g, accompanied by activation of the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathways was detected in fibrotic liver tissues of mice and isolated HSCs with chronic liver injury induced by CCl4 treatment. Overexpression of Gadd45a reduced the expression of extracellular matrix proteins and α-SMA in HSCs, whereas transient knockdown of Gadd45a with siRNA reversed this process. Gadd45a inhibited the activity of a plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 promoter construct and (CAGA)9 MLP-Luc, an artificial Smad3/4-specific reporter, as well as reduced the phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of Smad3. Gadd45a showed protective effects by scavenging reactive oxygen species and upregulating antioxidant enzymes.
CONCLUSION: Gadd45a may counteract hepatic fibrosis by regulating the activation of HSCs via the inhibition of TGF-β/Smad signaling.
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Abstract
The Goos-Hänchen (GH) shift and the Imbert-Fedorov (IF) shift are optical phenomena which describe the longitudinal and transverse lateral shifts at the reflection interface, respectively. Here, we predict the GH and IF shifts in Weyl semimetals (WSMs)-a promising material harboring low energy Weyl fermions, a massless fermionic cousin of photons. Our results show that the GH shift in WSMs is valley independent, which is analogous to that discovered in a 2D relativistic material-graphene. However, the IF shift has never been explored in nonoptical systems, and here we show that it is valley dependent. Furthermore, we find that the IF shift actually originates from the topological effect of the system. Experimentally, the topological IF shift can be utilized to characterize the Weyl semimetals, design valleytronic devices of high efficiency, and measure the Berry curvature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Dong Jiang
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Jiang
- College of Physics, Optoelectronics and Energy, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiwen Liu
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing-Feng Sun
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - X C Xie
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
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Jiang QD, Bao ZQ, Sun QF, Xie XC. Theory for electric dipole superconductivity with an application for bilayer excitons. Sci Rep 2015; 5:11925. [PMID: 26154838 PMCID: PMC4495569 DOI: 10.1038/srep11925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2015] [Accepted: 06/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Exciton superfluid is a macroscopic quantum phenomenon in which large quantities of excitons undergo the Bose-Einstein condensation. Recently, exciton superfluid has been widely studied in various bilayer systems. However, experimental measurements only provide indirect evidence for the existence of exciton superfluid. In this article, by viewing the exciton in a bilayer system as an electric dipole, we derive the London-type and Ginzburg-Landau-type equations for the electric dipole superconductors. By using these equations, we discover the Meissner-type effect and the electric dipole current Josephson effect. These effects can provide direct evidence for the formation of the exciton superfluid state in bilayer systems and pave new ways to drive an electric dipole current.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Dong Jiang
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-qiang Bao
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
| | - Qing-Feng Sun
- 1] International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P.R. China [2] Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing 100871, P.R. China
| | - X C Xie
- 1] International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P.R. China [2] Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing 100871, P.R. China
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Liu H, Jiang H, Sun QF, Xie XC. Dephasing effect on backscattering of helical surface states in 3D topological insulators. Phys Rev Lett 2014; 113:046805. [PMID: 25105645 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.113.046805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We analyze the dephasing effect on the backscattering behavior of the helical surface states in 3D topological insulators. We show that the combination of dephasing and impurity scattering can cause backscattering in the helical states. Especially for the charge impurity case, the backscattering cross section becomes extremely large around the Dirac point. This large backscattering behavior can lead to the anomalous "gaplike" features found in recent experiments [T. Sato et al., Nat. Phys. 7, 840 (2011)].
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiwen Liu
- International Center for Quantum Materials and School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China and Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Hua Jiang
- College of Physics, Optoelectronics and Energy, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Qing-Feng Sun
- International Center for Quantum Materials and School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China and Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing 100871, China
| | - X C Xie
- International Center for Quantum Materials and School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China and Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing 100871, China
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Zhang YT, Song J, Sun QF. The effect of dephasing on edge state transport through p-n junctions in HgTe/CdTe quantum wells. J Phys Condens Matter 2014; 26:085301. [PMID: 24501192 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/26/8/085301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Using the Landauer-Büttiker formula, we study the effect of dephasing on the transport properties of the HgTe/CdTe p-n junction. It is found that in the HgTe/CdTe p-n junction the topologically protected gapless helical edge states manifest a quantized 2e²/h plateau robust against dephasing, in sharp contrast to the case for the normal HgTe/CdTe quantum well. This robustness of the transport properties of the edge states against dephasing should be attributed to the special construction of the HgTe/CdTe p-n junction, which limits the gapless helical edge states to a very narrow region and thus weakens the influence of the dephasing on the gapless edge states to a large extent. Our results demonstrate that the p-n junction could be a substitute device for use in experimentally observing the robust edge states and quantized plateau. Finally, we present a feasible scheme based on current experimental methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Tao Zhang
- College of Physics, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050016, People's Republic of China
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Abstract
We first bring up the concept of the spin-current Seebeck effect based on a recent experiment (Vera-Marun et al 2012 Nature Phys. 8 313), and investigate the spin-current Seebeck effect in quantum dot (QD) systems. Our results show that the spin-current Seebeck coefficient S is sensitive to different polarization states of the QD, and therefore can be used to detect the polarization state of the QD and monitor the transitions between different polarization states of the QD. The intradot Coulomb interaction can greatly enhance S due to the stronger polarization of the QD. By using the parameters for a typical QD whose intradot Coulomb interaction U is one order of magnitude larger than the linewidth Γ, we demonstrate that the maximum value of S can be enhanced by a factor of 80. On the other hand, for a QD whose Coulomb interaction is negligible, we show that one can still obtain a large S by applying an external magnetic field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Cheng Yang
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China. Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Sun QF, Xu M, Wu JG, Chen BW, Du WX, Ding JG, Shen XB, Su C, Wen JS, Wang GZ. Efficacy and safety of recombinant Mycobacterium tuberculosis ESAT-6 protein for diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis: a phase II trial. Med Sci Monit 2013; 19:969-77. [PMID: 24217560 PMCID: PMC3836599 DOI: 10.12659/msm.889425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2013] [Accepted: 08/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to determine the efficacy and safety of recombinant Mycobacterium tuberculosis ESAT-6 protein for diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). MATERIAL AND METHODS A phase II trial was performed in 158 patients with pulmonary TB (145 initially-treated and 13 re-treated) and 133 healthy subjects. Skin testing was carried out by injecting purified protein derivative (PPD) (on left forearm) or recombinant ESAT-6 protein at a dosage of 2, 5, or 10 μg/mL (on the right forearm) in each subject. Reaction activity and adverse events were monitored at 24, 48, and 72 h following the injection. Receiver operating characteristic curves were plotted to determine the areas under the curves (AUCs) and the cut-off induration diameters for the optimal diagnostic performance. RESULTS The reaction activity was significantly increased upon recombinant ESAT-6 injection in pulmonary TB patients compared with healthy subjects. In pulmonary TB patients, the reaction was dose-dependent, and at 48 h, 10 μg/mL recombinant ESAT-6 produced a reaction similar to that produced by PPD. The AUCs for a 10 μg/mL dosage were 0.9823, 0.9552, and 0.9266 for 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h, respectively, and the induration diameters of 4.5-5.5 mm were the optimal trade-off values between true positive rates and false positive rates. No serious adverse events occurred in any subjects. CONCLUSIONS Recombinant ESAT-6 protein is efficacious and safe for diagnosing pulmonary TB. Based on the reaction, performance, safety, and practicability, we recommend that 10 μg/mL at 48 h with an induration cut-off value of 5.0 mm be used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Feng Sun
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Third Affiliated Hospital to Wenzhou Medical College, Ruian, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Miao Xu
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Jin-Guo Wu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Third Affiliated Hospital to Wenzhou Medical College, Ruian, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Bao-Wen Chen
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Wei-Xin Du
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Ji-Guang Ding
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Third Affiliated Hospital to Wenzhou Medical College, Ruian, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Bing Shen
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Cheng Su
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Jin-Sheng Wen
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Shanggao County, Jiangxi, P.R. China
| | - Guo-Zhi Wang
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, P.R. China
- Corresponding Authors: Guo-Zhi Wang, e-mail: and Jin-Guo Wu, e-mail:
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Zhao JM, Zhang L, Du QW, Mu CQ, Ren YL, Hu LP, Shen G, Zhuang LW, Lu Y, Qiu GH, Sun QF, Wu YZ, Yang M, Li MH, Xie Y, Cheng J, Xu DZ. [Analyse related factors of impact and prognosis of 73 cases of severe hepatitis]. Zhonghua Shi Yan He Lin Chuang Bing Du Xue Za Zhi 2013; 27:366-369. [PMID: 24645325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A retrospective study was conducted to investigate the clinical features and prognostic factors of 73 cases of severe hepatitis. METHODS To summarize clinical features of 73 cases of severe hepatitis, grouping by etiology and pathogenesis. A retrospective analysis was performed to evaluate the relationship between biochemical characteristics (liver function, renal function, electrolytes, PTA, etc) and complications (hepatic encephalopathy, upper gastrointestinal bleeding, hepatorenal syndrome, ascites, abdominal infections, etc) and prognosis. RESULTS (1) HBV infection alone accounted for 65.75%. Alcoholic liver disease, drug-induced liver injury, hepatitis E, autoimmune hepatitis, overlapping causes and other factors were five cases (6.85%), six cases (8.22%), two cases (2.74%), two cases (2.74%), seven cases (9.59%) and three cases (4.11%) respectively. According to the incidence rate, severity and underlying liver condition, subacute hepatitis, cases based on chronic hepatitis and on cirrhosis were 12 cases (16.43%), 11 cases (15.07%), 50 cases (68.49%) respectively. Clinical manifestations with or without hepatic encephalopathy accounted for 58.90% or 41.10%. (2) The highest mortality of severe hepatitis was alcoholic liver disease and patients on the basis of overlapping factors (66.67%), followed by autoimmune liver disease (50%). The mortality of HBV-related hepatitis was 18.75%. Overall mortality of 73 cases of severe hepatitis was 28.77%, of which cirrhosis group was higher than non-cirrhotic group (40% vs 4.3%, P = 0.002). The difference was statistically significant. Patients without hepatic encephalopathy had lower mortality than with hepatic encephalopathy (3.33% vs 46.51%). The mortality of patients with hepatic encephalopathy Stage III and IV was 72.73%. (3) Independent samples t test filtered nine factors associated with death, namely cirrhosis, upper gastrointestinal bleeding, hepatic encephalopathy, hepatorenal syndrome, serum creatinine, total bilirubin (TBIL), direct bilirubin (DBIL), albumin (ALB) and serum sodium. The results of multivariate conditional logistic regression analysis indicated that hepatic encephalopathy, serum creatinine levels were risk factors for death, whereas ALB as a protective factor. CONCLUSION Hepatic encephalopathy, serum creatinine levels were risk factors for severe hepatitis death, But ALB was protective factor. Nucleotide analogs using was the main reason why the mortality of hepatitis B was as low as 18.75%.
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Du QW, Ding JG, Sun QF, Hong L, Cai FJ, Zhou QQ, Wu YH, Fu RQ. Combination lamivudine and adefovir versus entecavir for the treatment of naïve chronic hepatitis B patients: a pilot study. Med Sci Monit 2013; 19:751-6. [PMID: 24019010 PMCID: PMC3775615 DOI: 10.12659/msm.889443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2013] [Accepted: 07/16/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to compare the effect of combination lamivudine (LAM) and adefovir dipivoxil (ADV) versus entecavir (ETV) monotherapy for naïve HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients. MATERIAL/METHODS Fifty enrolled patients with CHB were evenly divided into 2 groups: a group treated with of lamivudine (LAM) (100 mg/day) plus adefovir (ADV) (10 mg/day) combination, and a group treated with entecavir (ETV) (0.5 mg/day). Serum levels of ALT, AST, creatinine, bilirubin, HBsAg, HBeAg and HBV viral load, and genotypic resistance were analyzed at 0, 12, 24, 52, and 104 weeks. HBV DNA levels were determined by real-time PCR and HBsAg and HBeAg by chemiluminescence. Serum levels of ALT, AST, creatinine, and bilirubin were measured by an automatic biochemical analyzer. Data analysis was performed with SPSS 12.0 software. RESULTS There were no significant differences in the virological response (VR) rates between LAM+ADV and ETV cohorts at 24, 52, and 104 weeks (P>0.05). The HBeAg seroconversion rates were 28% and 20%, and the biochemical response (BR) rates were 88% and 84% at week 104 in the LAM+ADV and ETV groups, respectively. The rates of undetectable HBV DNA, HBeAg seroconversion, and ALT normalization rates were similar in both cohorts. No virological breakthrough or serious adverse effects were noted for any patient during the study period. CONCLUSIONS Both LAM+ADV combination therapy and ETV monotherapy were effective and safe in the treatment of -naïve HBeAg-positive CHB patients. However, further studies are needed to obtain long-term results.
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Zhang SF, Zhu W, Sun QF. Josephson junction on one edge of a two dimensional topological insulator affected by magnetic impurity. J Phys Condens Matter 2013; 25:295301. [PMID: 23807764 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/25/29/295301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The current-phase relation in a Josephson junction formed by putting two s-wave superconductors on the same edge of a two dimensional topological insulator is investigated. We consider the case in which the junction length is finite and magnetic impurity exists. The similarities and differences with respect to a conventional Josephson junction are discussed. Both the 2π- and 4π-period current-phase relations (I2π(ϕ),I4π(ϕ)) are studied. There is a sharp jump at ϕ = π and ϕ = 2π for I2π and I4π, respectively, in the clean junction. For I2π, the sharp jump is robust against the impurity strength and distribution. However, for I4π, an impurity makes the jump at ϕ = 2π smooth. The critical (maximum) current Ic,2π of I2π is given and we find it will be increased by an asymmetrical distribution of the impurity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Feng Zhang
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
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Sun QF, Ding JG, Sheng JF, Zhu MH, Li JJ, Sheng ZK, Tang XF. Novel action of 3,4-DAA ameliorating acute liver allograft injury. Cell Biochem Funct 2011; 29:673-8. [PMID: 21932299 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.1805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2011] [Revised: 04/21/2011] [Accepted: 08/21/2011] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Feng Sun
- Department of Infectious Diseases; The Third Affiliated Hospital to Wenzhou Medical College; Rui'an; Zhejiang; China
| | - Ji-Guang Ding
- Department of Infectious Diseases; The Third Affiliated Hospital to Wenzhou Medical College; Rui'an; Zhejiang; China
| | - Ji-Fang Sheng
- Department of Infectious Diseases; The First Affiliated Hospital to Medical College of Zhejiang University; Hangzhou; Zhejiang; China
| | - Man-Hua Zhu
- Department of Infectious Diseases; The First Affiliated Hospital to Medical College of Zhejiang University; Hangzhou; Zhejiang; China
| | - Jun-Jie Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases; The First Affiliated Hospital to Medical College of Zhejiang University; Hangzhou; Zhejiang; China
| | - Zi-Ke Sheng
- Department of Infectious Diseases; The First Affiliated Hospital to Medical College of Zhejiang University; Hangzhou; Zhejiang; China
| | - Xiao-Feng Tang
- Department of Surgery; The First Affiliated Hospital to Medical College of Zhejiang University; Hangzhou; Zhejiang; China
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