21776
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21777
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21778
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Brown RS, Worman HJ. Bioartificial liver support for fulminant hepatic failure. World J Gastroenterol 1999; 5:286-288. [PMID: 11819449 PMCID: PMC4695536 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v5.i4.286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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21779
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Li Y, Wang HY, Cho CH. Effects of heparin on hepatic regeneration and function after partial hepatectomy in rats. World J Gastroenterol 1999; 5:305-307. [PMID: 11819453 PMCID: PMC4695540 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v5.i4.305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the effects of heparin on the regenerative rate and serum alanine aminotransferase level in partial-hepatectomized (two- thirds) rats.
METHOD: Three different doses of heparin (100, 500 or 1000 U/kg) were given after partial hepatectomy through the tail vein at a 12 h interval for 2 or 3 d. After drug treatment, rats were killed and the remnant livers were weighed for the assessment of regenerative rate. Blood samples were also collected to measure serum alanine aminotransferase levels.
RESULTS: Heparin given in the present dosages for 2 or 3 d neither stimulated the regeneration of the liver nor improved the hepatic function as indicated by an insignificant change both on remnant liver weight and serum alanine aminotransferase activity as compared with the control.
CONCLUSION: Heparin alone has no beneficial effects on the regeneration of livers and improvement of hepatic function in hepatectomized rats.
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21780
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Tang RX, Gao FG, Zeng LY, Wang YW, Wang YL. Detection of HBV DNA and its existence status in liver tissues and peripheral blood lymphocytes from chronic hepatitis B patients. World J Gastroenterol 1999; 5:359-361. [PMID: 11819468 PMCID: PMC4695555 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v5.i4.359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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21781
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21782
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Pezzilli R, Mancini F. Assessment of severity of acute pancreatitis: a comparison between old and most recent modalities used to evaluate this perennial problem. World J Gastroenterol 1999; 5:283-285. [PMID: 11819448 PMCID: PMC4695535 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v5.i4.283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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21783
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Abstract
AIM: To study the complications and the risk factors of percutaneous liver biopsy, and to compare the complication rate between the periods o f 1987-1993 and 1994-1996.
METHODS: Medical records of all patients undergoing percutaneous liver biopsy between January 1, 1987 to September 31, 1996 in Songklanagarind Hospital were reviewed retrospectively.
RESULTS: There were 484 percutaneous liver biopsies performed. The total complication rate was 6.4%, of which 4.5% were due to major bleeding; the death rate was 1.6%. The important risk factors correlated with bleeding complications and deaths were a platelet count of 70 × 109/L or less, a prolonged prothrombin time of > 3 s over control, or a prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time of > 10 s over control. Although physician inexperience was not statistically significantly associated with bleeding complications and deaths, there was a reduction of death rate from 2.2% in 1987-1993 to 0% in 1993-1996. This reduction is thought to result from both increased experience o f senior staff and increased supervision of residents.
CONCLUSIONS: Screening of platelet count, prothrombin time, and activated partial thromboplastin time should be done and need to be corrected in case of abnormality before liver biopsy. Percutaneous liver biopsy should be performed or supervised by an expert in gastrointestinal diseases, especially in high risk cases.
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21784
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Zeng XJ, Yang GH, Liao SS, Chen AP, Tan J, Huang ZJ, Li H. Survey of coverage, strategy and cost of hepatitis B vaccination in rural and urban areas of China. World J Gastroenterol 1999; 5:320-323. [PMID: 11819457 PMCID: PMC4695544 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v5.i4.320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: In order to understand the coverage, immunization strategy and cost of hepatitis B (HB) vaccination of China in recent years.
METHODS: A two-stage household random sampling method was us ed in the survey.
RESULTS: The survey carried out at 112 Disease Surveillance Points (DSPs) of 25 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities of China in 1996, showed that the coverage rates of HB vaccination among neonates were 96.9% in the urban DSPs and 50.8% in the rural DSPs in 1993-1994, while in student s aged 7-9 years, they were 85.8% and 31.5% in 1994, respectively. Up to 1994, 97.5% of the urban DSPs and 73.9% of the rural DSPs on a neonate vaccination against HB program were included in EPI. About 93% of the urban DSPs and 44% of the rural DSPs did HBsAg and HBeAg screening for all or part of pregnant women. The neonates received the regimen of high-dose HB vaccine in combination with hepatitis B immune globin (HBIG) if their mothers were HBsAg and/or HBeAg positive in pregnancy, otherwise they received the low-dose vaccine (10 μg × 3). Part of DSPs had a lower neonate coverage due to unreasonable allocation of the vaccines (used for adults not at risk) or higher cost or insufficient supply of the vaccines. It is n ecessary to evaluate the quality of serological lab test to HBVMs in the materna l prescreening.
CONCLUSION: Remarkable achievements have been made according to the national planning and policy of HB immunization in China.
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21785
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Peng XM, Yao CL, Chen XJ, Peng WW, Gao ZL. Codon 249 mutations of p53 gene in non-neoplastic liver tissues. World J Gastroenterol 1999; 5:324-326. [PMID: 11819458 PMCID: PMC4695545 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v5.i4.324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To study the significance of p53 gene in hepatocarcino genesis through analyzing codon 249 mutations of p53 gene in non-neoplastic liver tissues.
METHODS: Codon 249 mutation was detected using single-strande d conformational polymorphism analysis and allele-specific PCR in liver tissues from 10 cases of chronic hepatitis, 5 cases of cirrhosis and 20 cases of HCCs.
RESULTS: The detection rate of codon 249 mutation in chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis and pericancerous tissues was 70% (7/10), 100% (5/5) and 70% (14/20), respectively by AS-PCR. These mutations could not be detected b y SSCP analysis. The detection rates were 65% (13/20) and 45% (9/20) in cancerous tissues by AS-PCR and SSCP analysis.
CONCLUSION: Codon 249 mutations of p53 gene were very popular in non-neoplastic liver tissues though the number of those mutant cells was only in subsection. Those mutations in cancerous tissues might take place in the stage before the formation of tumor.
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21786
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Yi JH, Ni RY, Luo DD, Li SL. Intestinal flora translocation and overgrowth in upper gastrointestinal tract induced by hepatic failure. World J Gastroenterol 1999; 5:327-329. [PMID: 11819459 PMCID: PMC4695546 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v5.i4.327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To explore the relationship between endoinfection caused by intestinal flora translocation and multiple organ dysfunction in hepatic failure.
METHODS: By using the quantitative bacteria culture, bacteria colony was counted in GI tract, bile duct and mesenteric lymphonodus in rat hepatic failure model.
RESULTS: Intestinal flora migrated up to the upper GI tract and overgrew in stomach and jejunum in rats with hepatic failure. The number of bacteria colonies in the specimens of stomach, jejunum and ileum were 4.7 × 104/m L, 2.1 × 105/mL, 5.5 × 106/mL in experiment group and 4.6 × 102/mL, 6.1 × 101/mL, 2.4 × 103/mL in control group respectively (P < 0.05). Bacteria in bile duct and mesenteric lymphonodus of hepatic failure rats were also cultured. Extensive damages of gastrointestinal mucosa caused by bacterial overgrowth were observed.
CONCLUSION: Intestinal flora translocation and overgrowth in stomach and jejunum formed an endoinfectious source and caused obvious pathologic al injury of gastrointestinal mucosa, which play a very important role in developing abdominal distension, toxic intestinal expansion, alimentary tract haemorrh age and endotoxemia in patients with hepatic failure.
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21787
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Zhang ZR, He Q. Study on liver targeting and hepatocytes permeable valaciclovir polybutylcyanoacrylate nanoparticles. World J Gastroenterol 1999; 5:330-333. [PMID: 11819460 PMCID: PMC4695547 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v5.i4.330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To prepare valaciclovir polybutylcyan-oacrylate nanopa rticles (VACV-PBCA-NP) with liver targeting and hepatocyte permeable characteristics.
METHODS: Emulsion polymerization method was employed to prepare VACV-PBCA-NP. The formula and preparation conditions were optimized by using the uniform design. The organ distribution of the intravenously injected VACV-P BCA-NP and VACV in animal was determined using HPLC. The hepatocytes permeability of VACV-PBCA-NP was demonstrated by cell uptake experiment in vitro.
RESULTS: The drug loading and the drug embedding ratio of VACV-PBCA-NP were 11.20% and 84.85% respectively, with an average diameter of 104.77 nm ± 11.78 nm. The releasing characteristics in vitro fitted the two-phase kinetics. 74.49% of the drug was found to localize in the liver 15 min after the administration of VACV-PBCA-NP in the mice. Compared with VACV, VACV-PBCA-NP showed distinct characteristic of sustained-release in vivo and the drug entering hepatocytes were also greatly increased.
CONCLUSION: VACV-PBCA-NP has the characteristic of liver targeting and can increase the permeability of VACV to hepatocytes.
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21788
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Zhan WH, Ma JP, Peng JS, Gao JS, Cai SR, Wang JP, Zheng ZQ, Wang L. Telomerase activity in gastric cancer and its clinical implications. World J Gastroenterol 1999; 5:316-319. [PMID: 11819456 PMCID: PMC4695543 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v5.i4.316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To study the telomerase expression in gastric carcinoma and its clinical implications.
METHODS: Telomerase activity was examined in gastric cancer an d corresponding normal tissues using a modified TRAP (telomeric repeat amplification protocol) assay (TRAP-eze) in tissue samples from 94 gastric carcinomas an d 58 normal tissues, 12 gastric adenomas and 9 gastric ulcer lesions.
RESULTS: Telomerase activity was present in 81 of the 94 (86.2%) gastric cancer tissues, whereas no telomerase activity was detected in any normal tissues. The incidence of telomerase activity in gastric cancer tissues was unrelated to the tumor diameter, histological grade, tumor invasion in depth, lymph node metastasis and TNM stage.
CONCLUSION: Telomerase plays an important role in carcinogenes is and progression of gastric cancer, and it is suggested to be a useful tumor marker.
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21789
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Quigley EMM. The evaluation of gastrointestinal function in diabetic patients. World J Gastroenterol 1999; 5:277-282. [PMID: 11819447 PMCID: PMC4695534 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v5.i4.277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/1999] [Revised: 07/03/1999] [Accepted: 07/19/1999] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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21790
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21791
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Huang YQ, Xiao SD, Zhang DZ, Mo JZ. Nitric oxide synthase distribution in esophageal mucosa and hemodynamic changes in rats with cirrhosis. World J Gastroenterol 1999; 5:213-216. [PMID: 11819432 PMCID: PMC4688471 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v5.i3.213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To observe the nitric oxide synthase (NOS) distribution in the esophageal mucosa and hemodynamic changes in cirrhotic rats.
METHODS: NOS distribution in the lower esophagus of rats with carbon tetrachloride-induced cirrhosis was assessed by using NADPH-diaphorase (NADPH-d) histochemical method. Concentration of NO in serum were measured by fluorometric assay. Mean arterial pressure (MAP), cardiac output (CO), cardiac index (CI), splanchnic vascular resistance (SVR), and splanchnic blood flow (SBF) were also determined using 57Co-labled microsphere technique.
RESULTS: Intensity of NOS staining in the esophageal epithelium of cirrhotic rats was significantly stronger than that in controls. There was a NOS-positive staining area in the endothelia of esophageal submucosal vessels of cirrhotic rats, but the NOS staining was negative in normal rats. NO concentration of serum in cirrhotic rats were significantly higher in comparison with that of controls. Cirrhotic rats had significantly lower MAP, SVR and higher SBF than those of the controls.
CONCLUSION: Splanchnic hyperdynamic circulatory state was observed in rats with cirrhosis. The endogenous NO may play an important role in development of esophageal varices and in changes of hemodynamics in cirrhosis.
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21792
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Lin QY, Du JP, Zhang MY, Yao YG, Li L, Cheng NS, Yan LN, Xiao LJ. Effect of apolipoprotein E gene Hha I restricting fragment length polymorphism on serum lipids in cholecystolithiasis. World J Gastroenterol 1999; 5:228-230. [PMID: 11819436 PMCID: PMC4688475 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v5.i3.228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the role of apolipoprotein E (apoE) polymorphism in the lithogenesis of gallstone and the hereditary pathogenesis of the disease.
METHODS: Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to study apoE phenotypes and allele frequencies in patients with gallstones and control, and the fasting serum lipids of subjects were also measured by enzymatic methods.
RESULTS: The levels of triglyceride (TG) and very low density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C) were much higher in E2/3 patients than that in E2/3 control. E3/3 patients were accompanied with remarkably low levels of high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C) and its subforms. But in E3/4 patients there were only slight changes in levels of VLDL-C and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C).
CONCLUSION: Different apoE phenotype patients with gallstones have different cheracteristics of dyslipidemia and the average level of serum lipids in patients with gallstones are higher than subjects without gallstones in the same apoE gene phenotype. ε2 allele is possibly one of the dangerous factors in the lithogenesis of chole-cystolithiasis.
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21793
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Wu XN. The mechanism of actions of Octreotide, Bupleurum-Peony Cheng Qi decoction and Dan Shan in severe acute pancretitis. World J Gastroenterol 1999; 5:249-251. [PMID: 11819441 PMCID: PMC4688480 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v5.i3.249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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21794
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Liu XL, Xiao B, Yu ZC, Guo JC, Zhao QC, Xu L, Shi YQ, Fan DM. Down-regulation of Hsp90 could change cell cycle distribution and increase drug sensitivity of tumor cells. World J Gastroenterol 1999; 5:199-208. [PMID: 11819430 PMCID: PMC4688469 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v5.i3.199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To construct Hsp90 antisense RNA eukaryotic expression vector, transfect it into SGC7901 and SGC7901/VCR of MDR-type human gastric cancer cell lines, HCC7402 of human hepatic cancer and Ec109 of human esophageal cancer cell lines, and to study the cell cycle distribution of the gene transected cells and their response to chemotherapeutic drugs.
METHODS: A 1.03 kb cDNA sequence of Hsp90β was obtained from the primary plasmid phHSP90 by EcoRI and BamHI nuclease diges tion and was cloned to the EcoRI and BamHI site of the pcDNA by T4DNA ligase and an antisense orientation of Hsp90β expression vector was constructed. The constructs were transfected with lipofectamine and positive clones were selected with G418. The expression of RNA was determined with dot blotting and RNase protecti on assay, and the expression of Hsp90 protein determined with western blot. Cell cycle distribution of the transfectants was analyzed with flow cytometry, and the drug sensitivity of the transfectants to Adriamycin (ADR), vincrinstine (VCR), mitomycin (MMC ) and cyclophosphamide (CTX) with MTT and intracellular drug concentration of the transfectants was determined with flow cytometry.
RESULTS: In EcoRI and BamHI restriction analysis, the size and the direction of the cloned sequence of Hsp90β remained what had been designed and the gene constructs were named pcDNA-Hsp90. AH-SGC790, AH-SGC7901/VCR, AH-HCC7402 and AH-Ec109 cell clones all expressed Hsp90 anti-sense RNA. The expression of Hsp90 was down-regulated in AH-SGC7901, AH SGC7901/VCR, AH-HCC7402 and AH-Ec109 cell clones. Cell cycle distribution was changed differently. In AH-SGC7901/VCR and AH-Ec109 cells, G1 phase cells were increased; S phase and G2 phase cells were decreased as compared with their parental cell lines. In AH-SGC7901 cell, G1 phase cells were decreased, G2 phase cells increased and S phase cells were not changed, and in AH-HCC7402 cells G1, S and G2 phase cells remai ned unchanged as compared with their parental cell lines. The sensitivity of AH SGC7901, AH-SGC7901/VCR, AH-HCC7402 and AH-Ec109 to chemotherapeutic drugs, the sensitivity of AH-SGC7901/VCR to ADR, VCR, MMC and CTX the sensitivity of AH-HCC7402 to ADR and VCR, and the sensitivity of Ec109 to ADR, VCR and CTX all increased as compared with their parental cell lines. The mean fluorescence intensity of ADR in AH-SGC7901, AH-SGC7901/VCR, AH-HCC7402 and AH-Ec109 was also significantly elevated (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION: Down-regulation of Hsp90 could change cell cycle distribution and increase the drug sensitivity of tumor cells.
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21795
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Xu JG, Cheng BK, Jing HQ. Escherichia Coli O157 : H7 and Shiga-like-toxin-producing Escherichia Coli in China. World J Gastroenterol 1999; 5:191-194. [PMID: 11819428 PMCID: PMC4688467 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v5.i3.191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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21796
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Liu ZG, Yang JH, An HZ, Wang HY, He FT, Han ZY, Han Y, Wu HP, Xiao B, Fan DM. Cloning and identification of an angiostatic molecule IP-10/ crg-2. World J Gastroenterol 1999; 5:241-244. [PMID: 11819439 PMCID: PMC4688478 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v5.i3.241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To obtain human and murine cDNAs encoding IFN-γ inducible protein 10 (IP-10) and cytokine responsive gene-2 (Crg-2).
METHODS: The encoding genes of IP-10 and Crg-2 were amplified by RT-PCR from cultured human fibroblast cells and Balb/c mouse liver treated by IFN-γ and TNF-α , respectively, and cloned into plasmids of pUC19 and pGEM3Zf(+).
RESULTS: The nucleotide sequences of the amplified DNA were confirmed by endonucleases digestion and sequencing.
CONCLUSION: Recombinant IP-10/crg-2 gene clones with 306 bp and 314 bp inserts were established for further research on biological activities and ligands of hIP-10/mCrg-2
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21797
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21798
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21799
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Jiang Y, Liu AH, Zhao KS. Studies on the flow and distribution of leukocytes in mesentery microcirculation of rats. World J Gastroenterol 1999; 5:231-234. [PMID: 11819437 PMCID: PMC4688476 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v5.i3.231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To study the effect of leukocyte-endothelium interaction (LEI) on the flow and distribution of leukocytes in microcirculation under physiological condition.
METHODS: A microcirculation image multiple parameter computer analysis system (MIMPCAS) was used to study the flow and distribution of leukocytes in mesentery microcirculation of rats in vivo.
RESULTS: The difference of visible leukocyte flux (VLF) was as high as 131 times in the arterioles and venules with similar diameter and blood velocity. The visible leukocytes rolled along the blood vessel wall as a “jerky” movement. The frequency distribution of the visible leukocyte velocity (VLV) showed a “two-peak” curve. The low peak value was on 10 μm/s-15 μm/s while the high peak fell between 25 μm/s-30 μm/s. With the increase of diameter of venules, VLF increased while the VLV remained at the same level. With the increase of RBC velocity, VLV trends to elevate and VLF to fall down.
CONCLUSION: The results herein might provide a basic theory for the study on the mechanism of LEI under physiological condition and novel methods for the prevention and treatment of high LEI in many pathological processes.
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21800
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Abstract
AIM: To investigate the specific pathogenesis of O-polysaccharide (O-PS) which is on the outer membrane of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) from Shigella flexneri.
METHODS: The O-PS was isolated and purified from Shigella flexneri-5 M90T by enzymatic hydrolysis and gel chromatography. Effects of O-PS were observed by in vitro experiment, (HeLa cell culture), and in vivo experiment (rabbit ileal loop assay).
RESULTS: In vitro and in vivo experiments with the purified O-PS from Shigella flexneri-revealed that the O-PS alone was toxic to Hela cells and caused mucosal inflammation and hemorrhagic exudation in ileal loop of rabbit.
DISCUSSION: O-PS might be one of the factors causing diarrhea and its mechanism was different from endotoxin reaction of LPS. The molecular mechanism of O-PS need further studies.
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