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Wang WL, Liu JK, Sun YF, Liu XH, Ma YH, Gao XZ, Chen LM, Zhou ZH, Zhou HL. Interoception mediates the association between social support and sociability in patients with major depressive disorder. World J Psychiatry 2024; 14:1484-1494. [DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v14.i10.1484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2024] [Revised: 08/20/2024] [Accepted: 09/02/2024] [Indexed: 10/17/2024] [Imported: 10/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interoception dysfunction has an important impact on the onset and development of major depressive disorder (MDD). Social support serves as a protective factor against MDD, and sociability also plays a significant role in this condition. These interconnected constructs-social support and sociability-play pivotal roles in MDD. However, no research on the mechanisms underlying the associations between social support and sociability, particularly the potential role of interoception, have been reported.
AIM To investigate the mediating effect of interoception between social support and social ability and to explore the independent role of social support in sociability.
METHODS The participants included 292 patients with MDD and 257 healthy controls (HCs). The patient health questionnaire 9, the multidimensional assessment of interoception awareness, version 2 (MAIA-2), the social support rating scale (SSRS), and the Texas social behavior inventory (TSBI) were used to assess depression, interoception, social support, and sociability, respectively. A mediation analysis model for the eight dimensions of interoception (noticing, not distracting, not worrying, attention regulation, emotional awareness, self-regulation, body listening, and trust), social support, and sociability were established to evaluate the mediating effects.
RESULTS A partial correlation analysis of eight dimensions of the MAIA-2, SSRS, and TSBI scores, with demographic data as control variables, revealed pairwise correlations between the SSRS score and both the MAIA-2 score and TSBI score. In the major depression (MD) group, the SSRS score had a positive direct effect on the TSBI score, while the scores for body listening, emotional awareness, self-regulation, and trust in the MAIA-2C had indirect effects on the TSBI score. In the HC group, the SSRS score had a positive direct effect on the TSBI score, and the scores for attention regulation, emotional awareness, self-regulation, and trust in the MAIA-2C had indirect effects on the TSBI score. The proportion of mediators in the MD group was lower than that in the HC group.
CONCLUSION Interoceptive awareness is a mediating factor in the association between social support and sociability in both HCs and depressed patients. Training in interoceptive awareness might not only help improve emotional regulation in depressed patients but also enhance their social skills and support networks.
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Gu YQ, Zhou X, Yao LH, Wang Q, Zhou CN, Liu ZD. Relationship between serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin levels and cognitive impairment, anxiety, and depressive symptoms in acute ischemic stroke. World J Psychiatry 2024; 14:1467-1473. [DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v14.i10.1467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2024] [Revised: 08/31/2024] [Accepted: 09/14/2024] [Indexed: 10/17/2024] [Imported: 10/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is a significant global health issue with increasing incidence owing to aging populations and rising cardiovascular risk factors. In addition to physical impairments, AIS frequently leads to neuropsychiatric complications, such as cognitive impairment, anxiety, and depressive symptoms, which adversely affect patients’ quality of life and rehabilitation. Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) has emerged as a potential biomarker for various conditions, including AIS. This study investigated the association between serum NGAL levels at admission and neuropsychiatric complications in patients with AIS.
AIM To investigate the relationship between serum NGAL levels at admission and neuropsychiatric complications in patients with AIS.
METHODS Between January 2022 and December 2023, 150 patients with AIS were enrolled. Serum NGAL levels were measured at admission using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Cognitive function was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination, while anxiety and depressive symptoms were evaluated using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale at discharge. The relationship between serum NGAL levels and cognitive impairment, anxiety, and depressive symptoms was analyzed using multivariate logistic regression, adjusted for potential confounders of age, sex, body mass index, smoking status, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, previous stroke, and stroke severity.
RESULTS The mean age of the participants was 65.4 ± 10.2 years, and 58% were males. Prevalence rates of cognitive impairment, anxiety, and depressive symptoms at discharge were 34.7%, 28.0%, and 32.0%, respectively. Serum NGAL levels were significantly higher in patients with cognitive impairment (median: 5.6 ng/mL vs 3.2 ng/mL, P < 0.001), anxiety (median: 5.1 ng/mL vs 3.5 ng/mL, P = 0.002), and depressive symptoms (median: 5.4 ng/mL vs 3.3 ng/mL, P < 0.001), compared to those without these conditions. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that higher serum NGAL levels at admission were independently associated with cognitive impairment [odds ratio (OR) = 1.42, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.18-1.71, P < 0.001], anxiety (OR = 1.28, 95%CI: 1.09-1.51, P = 0.003), and depressive symptoms (OR = 1.39, 95%CI: 1.16-1.67, P < 0.001) after adjusting for potential confounders.
CONCLUSION Elevated serum NGAL levels were independently associated with cognitive impairment, anxiety, and depressive symptoms in patients with AIS; and may function as potential biomarkers for patients at risk.
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Liu Y, Huang SY, Liu DL, Zeng XX, Pan XR, Peng J. Bidirectional relationship between diabetes mellitus and depression: Mechanisms and epidemiology. World J Psychiatry 2024; 14:1429-1436. [DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v14.i10.1429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2024] [Revised: 09/03/2024] [Accepted: 09/06/2024] [Indexed: 10/17/2024] [Imported: 10/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus and depression exhibit a complex bidirectional relationship that profoundly impacts patient health and quality of life. This review explores the physiological mechanisms, including inflammation, oxidative stress, and neuroendocrine dysregulation, that link these conditions. Psychosocial factors such as social support and lifestyle choices also contribute significantly. Epidemiological insights reveal a higher prevalence of depression among diabetics and an increased risk of diabetes in depressed individuals, influenced by demographic variables. Integrated management strategies combining mental health assessments and personalized treatments are essential. Future research should focus on longitudinal and multi-omics studies to deepen understanding and improve therapeutic outcomes.
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Kong LX, Yang YX, Zhao Q, Feng ZL. Effect of resilience on quality of life and anxiety in patients with breast cancer. World J Psychiatry 2024; 14:1458-1466. [DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v14.i10.1458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2024] [Revised: 09/04/2024] [Accepted: 09/09/2024] [Indexed: 10/17/2024] [Imported: 10/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The incidence of breast cancer is high, with serious implications in terms of lives and health. Relevant data show that there are approximately 1 million new cases of breast cancer reported annually, with a rising trend. Some patients have poor treatment effects and are prone to anxiety and other negative emotions, which affect their quality of life (QoL).
AIM To explore the correlation between mental resilience, QoL, and anxiety in patients with breast cancer.
METHODS Using convenience sampling, 200 patients with breast cancer were selected from the First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University. These patients were investigated using the Conner-Davidson Resilience Scale, Self-Rating Anxiety Scale, and European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire to analyze the impact of resilience in patients with breast cancer on their QoL and anxiety.
RESULTS The mean (SD) mental resilience score of the patients with breast cancer was 59.68 (± 9.84) points, the anxiety score was 49.87 (± 8.26) points, and the QoL score was 59.73 (± 8.29) points. Overall, they showed low mental resilience, mild anxiety, and medium QoL. Anxiety was negatively correlated with mental resilience and QoL (r = -0.275, r = -0.289, P < 0.05). QoL was positively correlated with mental resilience (r = 0.513, P < 0.05). Anxiety was a mediating variable between mental resilience and QoL, accounting for 8.58% of the mediating effect.
CONCLUSION Regarding psychological elasticity, anxiety plays an intermediary role in QoL among patients with breast cancer. Medical staff can improve patients' mental resilience by reducing their anxiety and improving their QoL.
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Phiri P, Pemberton L, Liu Y, Yang X, Salmon J, Boulter I, Sajid S, Clarke J, McMillan A, Shi JQ, Delanerolle G. Tree: Reducing the use of restrictive practices on psychiatric wards through virtual reality immersive technology training. World J Psychiatry 2024; 14:1521-1537. [DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v14.i10.1521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 10/17/2024] [Imported: 10/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Restrictive practices (RPs) are defined by measures linked to physical and chemical restraints to reduce the movement or control behaviours during any emergency. Seclusion is an equal part of RPs intended to isolate and reduce the sensory stimulation to safeguard the patient and those within the vicinity. Using interventions by way of virtual reality (VR) could assist with reducing the need for RPs as it could help reduce anxiety or agitation by way of placing users into realistic and immersive environments. This could also aid staff to and change current RPs.
AIM To assess the feasibility and effectiveness of using a VR platform to provide reduction in RP training.
METHODS A randomised controlled feasibility study, accompanied by evaluations at 1 month and 6 months, was conducted within inpatient psychiatric wards at Southern Health National Health Service Foundation Trust, United Kingdom. Virti VR scenarios were used on VR headsets to provide training on reducing RPs in 3 inpatient psychiatric wards. Outcome measures included general self-efficacy scale, generalised anxiety disorder assessment 7 (GAD-7), Burnout Assessment Tool 12, the Everyday Discrimination Scale, and the Compassionate Engagement and Action Scale.
RESULTS Findings revealed statistically significant differences between the VR and treatment as usual groups, in the Everyday Discrimination Scale items Q8 and Q9: P = 0.023 and P = 0.040 respectively, indicating higher levels of perceived discrimination in the VR group. There were no significant differences between groups in terms of general self-efficacy, generalised anxiety disorder assessment 9, and Burnout Assessment Tool 12 scores. A significant difference was observed within the VR group for compassionate engagement from others (P = 0.005) over time. Most respondents recorded System Usability Scale scores above 70, with an average score of 71.79. There was a significant reduction in rates of RPs in the VR group vs treatment as usual group with a fluctuating variability observed in the VR group likely due to external factors not captured in the study.
CONCLUSION Ongoing advancement of VR technology enables the possibility of creating scenarios and simulations tailored to healthcare environments that empower staff by providing more comprehensive and effective training for handling situations.
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Ho MI, Wu ZH, Chen YY, Leong WI, Wang J, Zhou H, Wu ZT, Mao YQ, Du JA, Zheng Y, Yu Y, Do Lago Comandante P, Yu LL, Wu QB. Influence of the continuing COVID-19 epidemic on sleep quality and psychological status of healthcare workers in private institutions. World J Psychiatry 2024; 14:1495-1505. [DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v14.i10.1495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2024] [Revised: 09/07/2024] [Accepted: 09/29/2024] [Indexed: 10/17/2024] [Imported: 10/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND On January 22, 2020, Macao reported its first case of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. By August 2021, the situation had escalated into a crisis of community transmission. In response, the government launched a recruitment campaign seeking assistance and services of healthcare workers (HCWs) from the private sector throughout Macao. These participants faced concerns about their own health and that of their families, as well as the responsibility of maintaining public health and wellness. This study aims to determine whether the ongoing epidemic has caused them physical and psychological distress.
AIM To examine the influence of COVID-19 on the sleep quality and psychological status of HCWs in private institutions in Macao during the pandemic.
METHODS Data were collected from December 2020 to January 2022. Two consecutive surveys were conducted. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) scale, Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), and Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) were employed as investigation tools.
RESULTS In the first-stage survey, 32% of HCWs experienced a sleep disorder, compared to 28.45% in the second-stage survey. A total of 31.25% of HCWs in the first-stage survey and 28.03% in the second had varying degrees of anxiety. A total of 50.00% of HCWs in the first-stage survey and 50.63% in the second experienced varying degrees of depression. No difference in PSQI scores, SAS scores, or SDS scores were observed between the two surveys, indicating that the COVID-19 epidemic influenced the sleep quality and psychological status of HCWs. The negative influence persisted over both periods but did not increase remarkably for more than a year. However, a positive correlation was observed between the PSQI, SAS, and SDS scores (r = 0.428-0.775, P < 0.01), indicating that when one of these states deteriorated, the other two tended to deteriorate as well.
CONCLUSION The sleep quality, anxiety, and depression of HCWs in private institution in Macao were affected by the COVID-19 epidemic. While these factors did not deteriorate significantly, the negative effects persisted for a year and remained noteworthy.
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Wu HN, Zhu SY, Zhang LN, Shen BH, Xu LL. Association between 5-HTR1A gene C-1019G polymorphism and antidepressant response in patients with major depressive disorder: A meta-analysis. World J Psychiatry 2024; 14:1573-1582. [DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v14.i10.1573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2024] [Revised: 09/11/2024] [Accepted: 09/23/2024] [Indexed: 10/17/2024] [Imported: 10/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a substantial global health concern, and its treatment is complicated by the variability in individual response to antidepressants.
AIM To consolidate research and clarify the impact of genetic variation on MDD treatment outcomes.
METHODS Adhering to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, a systematic search across PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library was conducted without date restrictions, utilizing key terms related to MDD, serotonin 1A receptor polymorphism (5-HTR1A), C-1019G polymorphism, and antidepressant response. Studies meeting inclusion criteria were thoroughly screened, and quality assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Statistical analyses, including χ2 and I² values, were used to evaluate heterogeneity and fixed-effect or random-effect models were applied accordingly.
RESULTS The initial search yielded 1216 articles, with 11 studies meeting criteria for inclusion. Analysis of various genetic models showed no significant association between the 5-HTR1A C-1019G polymorphism and antidepressant efficacy. The heterogeneity was low to moderate, and no publication bias was detected through funnel plot symmetry and Egger's and Begg's tests.
CONCLUSION This meta-analysis does not support a significant association between the 5-HTR1A C-1019G polymorphism and the efficacy of antidepressant treatment in MDD. The findings call for further research with larger cohorts to substantiate these results and enhance the understanding of antidepressant pharmacogenetics.
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Liu XQ, Wang X, Zhang HR. Large multimodal models assist in psychiatry disorders prevention and diagnosis of students. World J Psychiatry 2024; 14:1415-1421. [DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v14.i10.1415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 09/03/2024] [Accepted: 09/25/2024] [Indexed: 10/17/2024] [Imported: 10/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Students are considered one of the groups most affected by psychological problems. Given the highly dangerous nature of mental illnesses and the increasingly serious state of global mental health, it is imperative for us to explore new methods and approaches concerning the prevention and treatment of mental illnesses. Large multimodal models (LMMs), as the most advanced artificial intelligence models (i.e. ChatGPT-4), have brought new hope to the accurate prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of psychiatric disorders. The assistance of these models in the promotion of mental health is critical, as the latter necessitates a strong foundation of medical knowledge and professional skills, emotional support, stigma mitigation, the encouragement of more honest patient self-disclosure, reduced health care costs, improved medical efficiency, and greater mental health service coverage. However, these models must address challenges related to health, safety, hallucinations, and ethics simultaneously. In the future, we should address these challenges by developing relevant usage manuals, accountability rules, and legal regulations; implementing a human-centered approach; and intelligently upgrading LMMs through the deep optimization of such models, their algorithms, and other means. This effort will thus substantially contribute not only to the maintenance of students’ health but also to the achievement of global sustainable development goals.
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Guo XZ, Liu C, Wang J, Liu HR. Outcomes of the effect of exercise on cognitive function in patients with depression: A meta-analysis. World J Psychiatry 2024; 14:1558-1572. [DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v14.i10.1558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 08/17/2024] [Accepted: 09/09/2024] [Indexed: 10/17/2024] [Imported: 10/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Major depressive disorder is a common mental disorder, characterized by a high rate of suicide and recurrence, which is frequently accompanied by cognitive impairments, particularly in executive function, memory, attention, and information processing speed. As such, improving the cognitive function in patients with depression and enhancing their quality of life are urgent issues.
AIM To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of the effects of exercise on cognitive function in patients with depression.
METHODS The PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Medical, VIP, and Biomedical Databases for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) databases were searched (from inception to October 19, 2023) for studies investigating improvements in cognitive function in patients with depression through exercise. Tools recommended by the Cochrane Handbook for RCT evaluation, and GRADEpro and Stata17 software, were employed for risk of bias assessment, evidence grading, forest plot construction, subgroup and sensitivity analyses, and assessment of publication bias.
RESULTS Seventeen RCTs (1173 patients with depression) were included. Exercise had a small but significant positive effect on attention, with an effect size of 0.21, 95%CI: 0.07-0.34, P < 0.01. Specifically, aerobic exercise regimens of 30-60 minute/session, thrice a week, at moderate intensity, and sustained over 3-12 weeks, were associated with the most pronounced benefits (P < 0.05), with effect sizes for executive function, memory, and information processing speed of 0.11, 95%CI: -0.11-0.32, P = 0.34; 0.08, 95%CI: 0.00-0.16, P = 0.05; and 0.14, 95%CI: 0.04-0.25, P = 0.01, respectively. The evidence levels for attention, information processing speed, and memory were rated as 'low,’ whereas that for executive function was rated as 'very low’.
CONCLUSION Exercise could improve attention and information-processing speed in patients with depression, although improvements in executive function and memory are not significant.
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Wang M, Chen WT, Wang HT, Liu BS, Ju YM, Dong QL, Lu XW, Sun JR, Zhang L, Guo H, Zhao FT, Li WH, Zhang L, Li ZX, Liao M, Zhang Y, Liu J, Li LJ. Sleep disturbances and psychomotor retardation in the prediction of cognitive impairments in patients with major depressive disorder. World J Psychiatry 2024; 14:1474-1483. [DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v14.i10.1474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2024] [Revised: 08/26/2024] [Accepted: 09/25/2024] [Indexed: 10/17/2024] [Imported: 10/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Symptoms of depression and comorbid anxiety are known risk factors for cognitive impairment in major depressive disorder (MDD). Understanding their relationships is crucial for developing targeted interventions to mitigate cognitive impairments in MDD patients. We expect that the severity of sleep disturbances and other depressive symptoms will be positively correlated with the degree of cognitive impairments. We also hypothesize that anxiety symptoms, especially psychic anxiety, is a key factor in predicting cognitive performance in MDD patients and may indirectly contribute to cognitive impairment by affecting sleep disturbances and other potential factors.
AIM To determine which dimension of the depressive and anxiety symptoms predicts cognitive impairment during a depressive episode.
METHODS A comprehensive neurocognitive test battery assessed executive function, attention, processing speed, and memory in 162 medication-free MDD patients and 142 matched healthy controls. The 24-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale was used to assess depressive symptoms, and the 14-item Hamilton Anxiety Scale was used to assess anxiety symptoms. Linear regression analyses and mediation analyses were conducted to evaluate the impact of depressive and anxiety symptoms, as well as their interactions, on cognitive impairments.
RESULTS Among the depressive symptoms, sleep disturbances were associated with poorer executive function (P = 0.004), lower processing speed (P = 0.047), and memory impairments (P < 0.001), and psychomotor retardation (PR) was associated with lower processing speed in patients with MDD (P = 0.019). Notably, PR was found to mediate the impact of sleep disturbances on the processing speed. Regarding anxiety symptoms, psychic anxiety, rather than somatic anxiety, was associated with cognitive impairments in all aspects. Sleep disturbances mediated the effect of psychic anxiety on executive function [β = -0.013, BC CI (-0.027, -0.001)] and memory [β = -0.149, BC CI (-0.237, -0.063)], while PR mediated its effect on processing speed (β = -0.023, BC CI (-0.045, -0.004)].
CONCLUSION Sleep disturbances may be a key predictor of poorer executive function, lower processing speed, and memory loss, while PR is crucial for lower processing speed during a depressive episode. Psychic anxiety contributes to all aspects of cognitive impairments, mediated by sleep disturbances and PR.
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Fang GZ, Lin J, Cao LH, Liu TS, Ma YH, Yang L. Changes in postoperative depression and anxiety and their relationship with recovery from femoral head necrosis: A longitudinal study. World J Psychiatry 2024; 14:1506-1512. [DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v14.i10.1506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2024] [Revised: 08/23/2024] [Accepted: 08/26/2024] [Indexed: 10/17/2024] [Imported: 10/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Femoral head necrosis (FHN) can significantly affect patients' psychological well-being and functional outcomes. However, the long-term relationship between postoperative depression, anxiety, and functional recovery in patients with FHN remains unclear.
AIM To investigate the dynamic changes in postoperative depression and anxiety and their relationship with functional recovery in patients with FHN for 3 years.
METHODS Ninety-three patients with FHN who underwent surgical treatment in March 2020 to 2023 were enrolled in this longitudinal study. Depression and anxiety status were assessed using the hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS) at baseline, 6 months, 1, 2, and 3 years postoperatively. Functional recovery was evaluated using the Harris hip score (HHS). The dynamic changes in HADS and HHS were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA; the relationship between depression/anxiety status and functional recovery was examined using Pearson’s correlation analysis.
RESULTS The mean HADS-depression (HADS-D) and HADS-anxiety (HADS-A) scores significantly improved over time (P < 0.001). The prevalence of depression and anxiety decreased from 36.6% and 41.9% at baseline to 10.8% and 12.9%, respectively, at 3 years postoperatively. The mean HHS increased significantly from 52.3 ± 10.5 at baseline to 88.1 ± 7.2 at 3 years postoperatively (P < 0.001). Significant negative correlations were found between HADS-D/HADS-A scores and HHS at all time points (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION The severity of depression and anxiety negatively correlated with functional recovery, highlighting the importance of psychological interventions in the management of patients with FHN.
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Cheng Y, Lv LJ, Cui Y, Han XM, Zhang Y, Hu CX. Psychological stress impact neurotrophic factor levels in patients with androgenetic alopecia and correlated with disease progression. World J Psychiatry 2024; 14:1437-1447. [DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v14.i10.1437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2024] [Revised: 08/27/2024] [Accepted: 09/06/2024] [Indexed: 10/17/2024] [Imported: 10/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is a common form of hair loss that can be influenced by psychological factors.
AIM To investigate the impact of mental stress on neurotrophic factors in patients with AGA and correlate the findings with the progression of AGA.
METHODS A total of 120 patients with AGA were analyzed in this study, which were divided into a non-stress group (n = 30) and a stress group (n = 90) on the basis of the presence or absence of psychological stress confirmed by Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 scale. The baseline demographic characteristics, serum cortisol levels, hair growth parameters, neurotrophic factors, and AGA progression scores between the non-stress and stress groups were compared. Correlation analyses were conducted to assess the relationships among stress, neurotrophic factors, hair loss progression, and AGA progression.
RESULTS This study revealed significantly higher cortisol levels throughout the day in the stress group than in the non-stress group. The stress group exhibited lower levels of nerve growth factor, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor and higher expression levels of neurotrophin (NT)-3 and NT-4 than the non-stress group. Hair parameters indicated lower hair diameter, decreased hair density, and more severe AGA grading in the stress group, whereas follicle count and terminal/vellus hair ratio showed no significant differences between the two groups. After 1 year of treatment with 5% minoxidil, efficacy was observed to be lower but AGA progression was notably more pronounced in the stress group than in the non-stress group. Disease progression was positively correlated with high stress and NT-4 levels.
CONCLUSION This study provides compelling evidence of the influence of mental stress on neurotrophic factors and its correlation with the progression of AGA. The findings underscore the need for a comprehensive approach to the management of AGA that considers the physiological and psychosocial aspects. Further research is warranted to validate the findings and explore targeted therapeutic interventions for individuals with stress-related AGA.
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Zhang Q, Zhu PP, Yang L, Guo AS. Research hotspots and trends in transcranial magnetic stimulation for cognitive impairment: A bibliometric analysis from 2014 to 2023. World J Psychiatry 2024; 14:1592-1604. [DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v14.i10.1592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2024] [Revised: 09/02/2024] [Accepted: 09/13/2024] [Indexed: 10/17/2024] [Imported: 10/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cognitive impairment, which manifests as a limited deterioration of specific functions associated with a particular disease, can lead to a general deterioration of the patient’s standard of living. Transcranial magnetic stimulation, a non-invasive neuromodulation technique, is frequently employed to treat cognitive impairment in neuropsychiatric disorders.
AIM To analyzed the state of international research on neuromodulation methods for treating cognitive impairment between 2014 and 2023, with the aim of exploring the state of research worldwide and the most recent developments in this particular area.
METHODS Articles and reviews pertaining to neuromodulation methods for cognitive impairment were examined using the web of science database between January 2014 and December 2023. Publications, nations, organizations, writers, journals, citations, and keywords data from the identified studies were systematically analyzed using the CiteSpace 6.3. R1 software.
RESULTS A total of 2371 documents with 11750 authors and 9461 institutions, with some co-occurrences, were retrieved. The quantity of yearly publications is showing an increasing trend. The United States and China have emerged as important contributors. Among the institutes, Harvard University had the highest number of publications, while Rossi S an author who is frequently cited. Initially, the primary keywords included human motor cortex, placebo-controlled trials, and serotonin reuptake inhibitors. However, the emphasis gradually moved to substance use disorders, supplementary motor areas, neural mechanisms, and exercise.
CONCLUSION The use of neuromodulation techniques to treat cognitive impairment has drawn interest from academics all around the world. This study revealed hotspots and new trends in the research of transcranial magnetic stimulation as a cognitive impairment rehabilitation treatment. These findings are hold significant potential to guide further research and thus promote transcranial magnetic stimulation as a treatment method for cognitive impairment.
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Wang R, Liang X, Su XY. Analysis of risk factors for postpartum depression after cesarean section in women with early-onset preeclampsia. World J Psychiatry 2024; 14:1448-1457. [DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v14.i10.1448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2024] [Revised: 09/05/2024] [Accepted: 09/11/2024] [Indexed: 10/17/2024] [Imported: 10/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early-onset preeclampsia significantly increases maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. Many pregnant women with early onset preeclampsia choose cesarean section as their delivery method. Although extensive research has explored the association between postpartum depression (PPD) and cesarean section, few studies have investigated the risk factors after cesarean section in women with early-onset preeclampsia.
AIM To examine these risk factors through a retrospective, observational analysis of 287 women who underwent a cesarean section for early preeclampsia between June 2014 and March 2024.
METHODS Participants were assessed in person during the 32nd week of pregnancy, 2 days post-cesarean, and 6 weeks postpartum. According to the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), participants who underwent cesarean section were divided into PPD (n = 60) and non-PPD groups (n = 227). Furthermore, PPD was diagnosed at 6 weeks postpartum according to depressive symptoms (EPDS score ≥ 11). The demographic and clinical features of PPD were screened. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify PPD risk factors.
RESULTS The prevalence of PPD was 20.9% (60/287) among the 287 women who underwent cesarean section for early-onset preeclampsia. Multivariate logistic regression analyses revealed that advanced age (age > 40 years) [odds ratio (OR) = 1.93, 95%CI: 1.31-2.82], previous preeclampsia (OR = 7.15, 95%CI: 5.81-8.85), pre-pregnancy obesity (OR = 2.42, 95%CI: 1.62-3.63), gestational diabetes mellitus (OR = 3.52, 95%CI: 2.51-4.92), preexisting hypertension (OR = 1.35, 95%CI: 1.03-1.89), PPD symptoms (EPDS ≥ 11) at 2 days postpartum (OR = 6.15, 95%CI: 1.32-28.35), high prenatal self-rating anxiety scale score (OR = 1.13, 95%CI: 1.06-1.18), and pain at 6 weeks postpartum (OR = 2.16, 95%CI: 1.28-3.66) were independently associated with PPD.
CONCLUSION Risk factors for PPD after cesarean section in women with early-onset preeclampsia include advanced age (age > 40 years), pre-pregnancy obesity, previous preeclampsia, gestational diabetes mellitus, preexisting hypertension, PPD symptoms (EPDS ≥ 11) at 2 days postpartum, prenatal anxiety, and pain at 6 weeks postpartum. The early identification of these factors and interventions can mitigate the risk of PPD.
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Liu YQ, Sun JL, Jing M, Liu GX, Shi J, Zhu XW, Wang F, Ye MH. Effects of positive psychological control intervention on sleep and psychology of officers and soldiers working at sea. World J Psychiatry 2024; 14:1538-1546. [DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v14.i10.1538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Revised: 08/07/2024] [Accepted: 09/12/2024] [Indexed: 10/17/2024] [Imported: 10/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The working environment of submarine crews is also very special. They are in a closed, high-temperature, high-noise, high-vibration and narrow working and living space for a long time, and they suffer from physical discomfort caused by seasickness, which will affect the mental health of officers and soldiers. American psychologists have achieved positive results in psychological resilience training for officers and soldiers from the perspective of positive psychology. At present, there are few reports on the correlation between psychological resilience in the field of domestic research on submarine crew psychology, and it is necessary to conduct further research.
AIM To explore the impact of active psychological regulation intervention on officers and soldiers operating in confined spaces at sea.
METHODS A total of 121 soldiers working in a confined space of a large ship were randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group. The 50 soldiers in the experimental group were given a training course intervention, while the 71 soldiers in the control group did not receive any intervention measures. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Psychological Resilience Scale, military Psychological Stress Self-Assessment Questionnaire, and General Self-Efficacy Scale scores were compared before and 6 months after the intervention.
RESULTS Under the positive psychological control intervention, except for sleep efficiency (P = 0.05), the difference between the remaining dimensions of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index scores and the total scores of the experimental group compared with the control group was statistically significant (P < 0.05); the assessment of the psychological condition showed that, in addition to the Psychological Stress Self-assessment Questionnaire for Military Personnel scores (P = 0.05), the scores of the Mental Toughness Scale (Dispositional Resilience Scale Resilience II) in the experimental group, General Self-Efficacy Scale scores were statistically significant (P < 0.05) compared to pre-intervention.
CONCLUSION Positive psychological intervention and control can improve the sleep state and psychological state of officers and soldiers working in confined space at sea.
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Zhan ZH, Wang JL, Wang LH, Shen NN, Liu XW, Yu YN, Liu FR. Mechanism of imipenem-induced mental disorder: A meta-analysis. World J Psychiatry 2024; 14:1583-1591. [DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v14.i10.1583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2024] [Revised: 09/03/2024] [Accepted: 09/20/2024] [Indexed: 10/17/2024] [Imported: 10/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Imipenem is a highly effective carbapenem antibiotic, which is widely used in the treatment of many serious bacterial infections. At the same time, it can also cause some adverse reactions, mental abnormalities are the most concerned central nervous system adverse reactions. Different patients respond differently to imipenem, and the effect of imipenem on psychiatric disorders is unclear. Therefore, meta-analysis summarizing the results of multiple previous studies can provide stronger evidence support for clinical guidelines to guide clinical rational use of imipenem to minimize risks.
AIM To systematically review the effects of imipenem on mental-health disorders.
METHODS Method in Cochrane Library, Web of science, PubMed, ProQuest, and China’s biomedical literature databases Wanfang, Weipu and China HowNet, the related literatures about the controlled trials of imipenem-induced mental disorders from the establishment of the database to May 2024 were searched; the included literatures were analyzed using RevMan 5.4 software; and the heterogeneity among the studies was also discussed.
RESULTS After reviewing the literature published between 2003 and 2017, seven controlled trials with a total of 550 patients were included, with 273 and 277 patients in the control and experimental groups, respectively. The sample size of the study ranged from a minimum of 30 cases to a maximum of 61 cases. Patients in the experimental group were treated with imipenem while the control group was treated with conventional drugs. Meta-analysis showed that the incidence of mental disorders in the experimental group was higher than that in the control group (odds ratio = 3.66, 95% confidence interval: 1.11-12.11, P = 0.030); however, there was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups (odds ratio = 0.05, 95% confidence interval: 0.00 to 0.10, P = 0.060). Funnel diagrams showed that the scattered points of each study were symmetrical and distributed in an inverted funnel shape; therefore, there was no publication bias.
CONCLUSION Imipenem can cause mental disorders in patients. However, the low quality of the included literature may have affected the final results. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct a high-quality randomized controlled study with multiple samples to further confirm the mechanism of imipenem-induced mental disorders and provide effective guidance for clinical treatment.
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Löffler-Stastka H. Clinical, scientific and stakeholders’ caring about identity perturbations. World J Psychiatry 2024; 14:1422-1428. [DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v14.i10.1422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Revised: 08/13/2024] [Accepted: 09/23/2024] [Indexed: 10/17/2024] [Imported: 10/17/2024] Open
Abstract
In this editorial we comment on the article by Zhang et al published in the recent issue of the World Journal of Psychiatry. We focus on identity diffusion, identity perturbations, their origin and developmental pathways. This is an upcoming problem in the society as not only school children are affected. Adolescents and young people suffer from uncertainty in gender identity, in self-image, migration effects due to chronic crises caused by war, pandemic disruptions or climate change. We show how such chronic uncertainty can be cared for, treated, and contained. The key is affective holding, reflection and to provide adequate affective mentalizing in a close concomitant way. These key features also depend on ambient conditions, such as psychotherapeutic care. In a qualitative interview study carried out in a cyclical research design with a comparative analysis on the basis of thematic coding using Grounded Theory Methodology we found institutionalized defenses in health policies. Professionals request better training and adequat academic knowledge as well as research into unresolved areas for improvement of the ambient conditions for adequat development of the self. Practice points for further clinical and scientific development are given and discussed.
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Ju ZH, Wang MJ. Investigation and analysis of negative emotion in patients with diabetic retinopathy after vitrectomy. World J Psychiatry 2024; 14:1513-1520. [DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v14.i10.1513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2024] [Revised: 09/05/2024] [Accepted: 09/09/2024] [Indexed: 10/17/2024] [Imported: 10/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As the incidence of diabetes continues to increase, the number of patients with diabetic retinopathy (DR) also increases each year. After undergoing vitrectomy for DR, patients often experience negative emotional problems that negatively affect their recovery.
AIM To investigate negative feelings in patients with DR after vitrectomy and to explore related influencing factors.
METHODS A total of 146 individuals with DR who were accepted for treatment at The Third People’s Hospital of Changzhou from May 2021 to April 2023 were recruited to participate in this study. All patients underwent vitrectomy. The self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) and self-rating depression scale (SDS) were used to assess the degree of anxiety and depression 2-3 days after the operation. The participants were divided into a healthy control group and a negative emotion group. The patients’ general demographic characteristics and blood glucose levels were collected. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the factors influencing negative feelings post-operation. Pearson’s correlation coefficient was used to analyze the association between SAS scores, SDS scores, and blood glucose levels.
RESULTS The control group included 85 participants. The negative emotion group comprised 40 participants with anxiety, 13 with depression, and eight with both. Logistic regression showed that being female (OR = 3.090, 95%CI: 1.217-7.847), a family per capita monthly income of < 5000 yuan (OR = 0.337, 95%CI: 0.165-0.668), and a longer duration of diabetes (OR = 2.068, 95%CI: 1.817-3.744) were risk factors for negative emotions in patients with DR after vitrectomy (P < 0.05). The concentrations of fasting plasma glucose (FPG), 2-hour postprandial glucose (2hPG), and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in the negative emotion group exceeded those in the control group (P < 0.05). SAS scores were positively associated with FPG (r = 0.422), 2hPG (r = 0.334), and HbA1c (r = 0.362; P < 0.05). SDS scores were positively correlated with FPG (r = 0.218) and 2hPG (r = 0.218; P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION Sex, income level, and duration of diabetes were factors that influenced negative emotions post-vitrectomy. Negative emotions were positively correlated with blood glucose levels, which can be used to develop intervention strategies.
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Tan J, Hou QM, Zhang F, Duan X, Zhang YL, Lee YJ, Yan H. Brain networks in newborns and infants with and without sensorineural hearing loss: A functional near-infrared spectroscopy study. World J Psychiatry 2024; 14:1547-1557. [DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v14.i10.1547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 08/24/2024] [Accepted: 09/11/2024] [Indexed: 10/17/2024] [Imported: 10/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding the impact of early sensory deficits on brain development is essential for understanding developmental processes and developing potential interventions. While previous studies have looked into the impact of prenatal experiences on language development, there is a lack of research on how these experiences affect early language and brain function development in individuals with sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL).
AIM To investigate SNHL effects on early brain development and connectivity in 4-month-olds vs healthy newborns and controls.
METHODS The research involved analyzing the functional brain networks of 65 infants, categorized into three groups: 28 healthy newborns, 22 4-month-old participants with SNHL, and 15 age-matched healthy participants. The resting-state functional connectivity was measured and compared between the groups using functional near-infrared spectroscopy and graph theory to assess the brain network properties.
RESULTS Significant differences were found in resting-state functional connectivity between participants with SNHL and age-matched controls, indicating a developmental lag in brain connectivity for those with SNHL. Surprisingly, SNHL participants showed better connectivity development compared to healthy newborns, with connectivity strengths of 0.13 ± 0.04 for SNHL, 0.16 ± 0.08 for controls, and 0.098 ± 0.04 for newborns. Graph theory analysis revealed enhanced global brain network properties for the SNHL group, suggesting higher communication efficiency at 4 months. No significant differences were noted in network properties between 4-month-old SNHL participants and neonates. A unique pattern of central hubs was observed in the SNHL group, with 2 hubs in the left hemisphere compared to 6 in controls.
CONCLUSION 4-month-old infants with SNHL have a distinct brain network pattern with efficient long-distance information transmission but less effective local communication compared to age-matched controls.
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Borozan S, Kamrul-Hasan ABM, Pappachan JM. Hormone replacement therapy for menopausal mood swings and sleep quality: The current evidence. World J Psychiatry 2024; 14:1605-1610. [DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v14.i10.1605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2024] [Revised: 09/10/2024] [Accepted: 09/18/2024] [Indexed: 10/17/2024] [Imported: 10/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Marked alterations in the normal female hormonal milieu in the perimenopausal period significantly affect women’s health, leading to decreased well-being, psychological distress, and impaired quality of life. Common menopausal symptoms include hot flashes, sleep and mood changes, fatigue, weight gain, and urogenital disturbances. Clinicians often neglect mood swings and disrupted sleep, although those can significantly limit the productivity of women and impair their cognitive function and mental health. Evidence-based management should include a personalized, holistic approach to alleviate symptoms and careful consideration of the risks vs benefits of hormone replacement therapy (HRT), with due consideration of personal preferences. A research paper in the recent issue of the World Journal of Psychiatry by Liu et al investigated the role of HRT in altering mood changes and impaired sleep quality in menopausal women, which helps us to understand the benefits of this treatment approach.
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Zhao BS, Deng B, Chen QB, Li X, Yang Y, Min S. Effect of quantitative consciousness index on seizure parameters during electroconvulsive therapy in patients with major depressive disorder. World J Psychiatry 2024; 14:1375-1385. [PMID: 39319236 PMCID: PMC11417648 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v14.i9.1375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2024] [Revised: 08/18/2024] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/11/2024] [Imported: 09/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is both an effective treatment for patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) and a noxious stimulus. Although some studies have explored the effect of sedation depth on seizure parameters in ECT, there is little research on the noxious stimulation response to ECT. In this study, we used two electroencephalography (EEG)-derived indices, the quantitative consciousness (qCON) index and quantitative nociceptive (qNOX) index, to monitor sedation, hypnosis, and noxious stimulation response in patients with MDD undergoing acute ECT. AIM To evaluate the effect of anesthesia depth based on the qCON and qNOX indices on seizure parameters. METHODS Patients with MDD (n = 24) underwent acute bilateral temporal ECT under propofol anesthesia. Before ECT, the patients were randomly divided into three groups according to qCON scores (qCON60-70, qCON50-60, and qCON40-50). Continuous qCON monitoring was performed 3 minutes before and during ECT, and the qCON, qNOX, vital signs, EEG seizure parameters, and complications during the recovery period were recorded. The 24-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression, Zung's Self-rating Depression Scale, and Montreal Cognitive Assessment scores were evaluated before the first ECT session, after the fourth ECT session, and after the full course of ECT. RESULTS A total of 193 ECT sessions were performed on 24 participants. The qCON index significantly affected the EEG seizure duration, peak mid-ictal amplitude, and maximum heart rate during ECT (P < 0.05). The qNOX index significantly affected the post-ictal suppression index (P < 0.05). Age, number of ECT sessions, and anesthetic-ECT time intervals also had a significant effect on EEG seizure parameters (P < 0.05). However, there were no significant differences in complications, 24-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression scores, Zung's Self-rating Depression Scale scores, or Montreal Cognitive Assessment scores among the three groups (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION Electrical stimulation at a qCON index of 60-70 resulted in better EEG seizure parameters without increasing complications in patients with MDD undergoing bilateral temporal ECT under propofol anesthesia.
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Xu T, Mei X, Zhao Z, Liu YH, Zheng CY. Effectiveness of anti-psychiatric treatment on visual and haptic perceptual disorder for a patient with Alzheimer's disease: A case report. World J Psychiatry 2024; 14:1404-1410. [PMID: 39319233 PMCID: PMC11417658 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v14.i9.1404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 08/22/2024] [Accepted: 08/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/11/2024] [Imported: 09/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Perception is frequently impaired in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Several patients exhibit visual or haptic hallucinations. CASE SUMMARY A 71-year-old Chinese man presented with visual and haptic hallucinations he had been experiencing for 2 weeks. The clinical manifestations were the feeling of insects crawling and biting the limbs and geison. He looked for the insects while itching and scratching, which led to skin breakage on the limbs. He was treated with topical and anti-allergic drugs in several dermatology departments without any significant improvement. After admission, the patient was administered risperidone (0.5 mg) and duloxetine (2 mg/day). One week later, the dose of risperidone was increased to 2 mg/day, and that of duloxetine was increased to 60 mg/day. After 2 weeks of treatment, the patient's sensation of insects crawling and biting disappeared, and his mood stabilized. CONCLUSION This patient manifested psychiatric behavioral symptoms caused by AD brain atrophy. It was important to re-evaluate the patient's cognitive-psychological status when the patient repeatedly went to the hospital for treatment. Follow-up attention to cognitive function and the consideration of perceptual deficits as early manifestations of AD should be considered.
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Guo CF, Wu LL, Peng ZZ, Lin HL, Feng JN. Study on psychological resilience and associated influencing factors in lung cancer patients with bone metastases. World J Psychiatry 2024; 14:1326-1334. [PMID: 39319225 PMCID: PMC11417656 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v14.i9.1326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2024] [Revised: 08/17/2024] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/11/2024] [Imported: 09/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evaluating the psychological resilience of lung cancer (LC) patients helps understand their mental state and guides future treatment. However, there is limited research on the psychological resilience of LC patients with bone metastases. AIM To explore the psychological resilience of LC patients with bone metastases and identify factors that may influence psychological resilience. METHODS LC patients with bone metastases who met the inclusion criteria were screened from those admitted to the Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University. The psychological scores of the enrolled patients were collected. They were then grouped based on the mean psychological score: Those with scores lower than the mean value were placed in the low-score group and those with scores equal to or greater than the mean value was placed in the high-score group. The baseline data (age, gender, education level, marital status, residence, monthly income, and religious beliefs), along with self-efficacy and medical coping mode scores, were compared. RESULTS This study included 142 LC patients with bone metastases admitted to our hospital from June 2022 to December 2023, with an average psychological resilience score of 63.24 ± 9.96 points. After grouping, the low-score group consisted of 69 patients, including 42 males and 27 females, with an average age of 67.38 ± 9.55 years. The high-score group consisted of 73 patients, including 49 males and 24 females, with a mean age of 61.97 ± 5.00 years. χ 2 analysis revealed significant differences between the two groups in education level (χ 2 = 6.604, P = 0.037), residence (χ 2 = 12.950, P = 0.002), monthly income (χ 2 = 9.375, P = 0.009), and medical coping modes (χ 2 = 19.150, P = 0.000). Independent sample t-test showed that the high-score group had significantly higher self-efficacy scores (t = 3.383, P = 0.001) and lower age than the low-score group (t = 4.256, P < 0.001). Furthermore, multivariate logistic regression hazard analysis confirmed that self-efficacy is an independent protective factor for psychological resilience [odds ratio (OR) = 0.926, P = 0.035, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.862-0.995], while age (OR = 1.099, P = 0.003, 95%CI: 1.034-1.169) and medical coping modes (avoidance vs confrontation: OR = 3.767, P = 0.012, 95%CI: 1.342-10.570; resignation vs confrontation: OR = 5.687, P = 0.001, 95%CI: 1.974-16.385) were identified as independent risk factors. A predictive model based on self-efficacy, age, and medical coping modes was developed. The receiver operating characteristic analysis showed an area under the curve value of 0.778 (95%CI: 0.701-0.856, P < 0.001), indicating that the model has good predictive performance. CONCLUSION LC patients with bone metastases are less psychologically resilient than the general population. Factors such as self-efficacy, age, and medical coping modes influence their psychological resilience. Patients with low self-efficacy, old age, and avoidance/resignation coping modes should be closely observed.
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Wang X, Song SM, Yue HM. Burdened breaths: The influence of depression on obstructive sleep apnea. World J Psychiatry 2024; 14:1411-1414. [PMID: 39319231 PMCID: PMC11417651 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v14.i9.1411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 08/07/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/11/2024] [Imported: 09/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Depression and metabolic syndrome could exacerbate the risks of the other, leading to a series of severe coexisting conditions. One notable comorbidity that must be mentioned is obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Current studies suggested that depression increases susceptibility to OSA. As the prevalence of depression rises, it becomes critical to prevent and manage its complications or comorbidities, including OSA. Predictive models, non-invasive electroencephalogram monitoring, genetic research, and other promising technologies are being applied to the prevention, diagnosis, and personalized treatment of depression and OSA.
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Wang GB, Zhang XF, Liang B, Lei J, Xue J. Improving treatment plan and mental health in children with abdominal infection for broad-spectrum bacterial infections. World J Psychiatry 2024; 14:1319-1325. [PMID: 39319226 PMCID: PMC11417647 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v14.i9.1319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2024] [Revised: 08/14/2024] [Accepted: 08/15/2024] [Indexed: 09/11/2024] [Imported: 09/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pediatric abdominal infection is a common but serious disease that requires timely and effective treatment. In surgical treatment, accurate diagnosis and rational application of antibiotics are the keys to improving treatment effects. AIM To investigate the effect of broad-spectrum bacterial detection on postoperative antibiotic therapy. METHODS A total of 100 children with abdominal infection who received surgical treatment in our hospital from September 2020 to July 2021 were grouped. The observation group collected blood samples upon admission and sent them for broad-spectrum bacterial infection nucleic acid testing, and collected pus or exudate during the operation for bacterial culture and drug sensitivity testing; the control group only sent bacterial culture and drug sensitivity testing during the operation. RESULTS White blood cell count, C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, 3 days after surgery, showed better postoperative index than the control group (P < 0.05). The hospital stay in the observation group was significantly shorter than that in the control group. The hospitalization cost in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Early detection of broad-spectrum bacterial infection nucleic acids in pediatric abdominal infections can help identify pathogens sooner and guide the appropriate use of antibiotics, improving treatment outcomes and reducing medical costs to some extent.
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