4301
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Ellison D. Faculty Opinions recommendation of Risk of hyperkalemia in nondiabetic patients with chronic kidney disease receiving antihypertensive therapy. FACULTY OPINIONS – POST-PUBLICATION PEER REVIEW OF THE BIOMEDICAL LITERATURE 2009. [DOI: 10.3410/f.1166330.627283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] [Imported: 06/29/2023]
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4302
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Stec-Michalska K, Peczek L, Michalski B, Wisniewska-Jarosinska M, Krakowiak A, Nawrot B. Helicobacter pylori infection and family history of gastric cancer decrease expression of FHIT tumor suppressor gene in gastric mucosa of dyspeptic patients. Helicobacter 2009; 14:126-34. [PMID: 19751438 DOI: 10.1111/j.1523-5378.2009.00715.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The expression of a fragile histidine triad (FHIT) protein is lost in stomach tumors. The study aimed at determining whether FHIT expression is affected by Helicobacter pylori infection, strain virulence (vacA and cagA genes) and histopathological changes in the gastric mucosa of patients with functional dyspepsia having first-degree relatives with gastric cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eighty-eight never-smoking patients with functional dyspepsia were selected for the study, and 48 of them had first-degree relatives with gastric cancer. Bacterial DNA amplification was used to identify H. pylori colonization. The level of FHIT gene expression was determined by qRT-PCR (mRNA) and Western blot (FHIT protein) analyses. RESULTS For patients having first-degree relatives with gastric cancer FHIT expression was lower (mRNA by ca. 40-45% and protein by 30%) compared with the control patients (p < .05). H. pylori infection decreased the FHIT mRNA level by 10-35% and the protein level by 10-20%. Bacterial strain vacA(+)cagA(+) lowered FHIT mRNA by ca. 30-35% in the antrum samples of both groups and in corpus samples of patients with first-degree relatives with gastric cancer (p < .05). The FHIT mRNA level was twice as high in control H. pylori-negative patients with intestinal metaplasia, compared with those with non-atrophic gastritis. CONCLUSIONS The decreased FHIT gene expression associated with hereditary factors and with H. pylori infection, especially with vacA(+)cagA(+)-positive strains, may be related to gastric carcinoma development.
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4303
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Sfyroeras GS, Antoniou GA, Drakou AA, Karathanos C, Giannoukas AD. Visceral venous aneurysms: clinical presentation, natural history and their management: a systematic review. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2009; 38:498-505. [PMID: 19560947 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejvs.2009.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2009] [Accepted: 05/26/2009] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
AIM Aneurysms of the visceral veins are considered rare clinical entities. The aim is to assess their clinical presentation, natural history and management. METHODS An electronic search of the pertinent English and French literature was undertaken. All studies reporting on aneurysms of visceral veins were considered. Cases describing patients with arterial-venous fistulae and extrahepatic or intra-hepatic portosystemic venous shunts were excluded. RESULTS Ninety-three reports were identified, including 176 patients with 198 visceral venous aneurysms. Patients' age ranges from 0 to 87 years, and there is no apparent male/female preponderance. The commonest location of visceral venous aneurysms is the portal venous system (87 of 93 reports, 170 of 176 patients, 191 of 198 aneurysms). Aneurysms of the renal veins and inferior mesenteric vein are also described. Portal system venous aneurysms were present with abdominal pain in 44.7% of the patients, gastrointestinal bleeding in 7.3%, and are asymptomatic in 38.2%. Portal hypertension is reported in 30.8% and liver cirrhosis in 28.3%. Thrombosis occurred in 13.6% and rupture in 2.2% of the patients. Adjacent organ compression is reported in 2.2% (organs compressed: common bile duct, duodenum, inferior vena cava). The management ranged from watchful waiting to intervention. In 94% of the cases, aneurysm diameter remained stable and no complications occurred during follow-up. In most of the cases, indications for operation were symptoms and complications. Six cases of renal vein aneurysm are reported; three of them were asymptomatic. Three of these patients were treated surgically. CONCLUSION The most frequent location of visceral venous aneurysms is the portal venous system. They are often associated with cirrhosis and portal hypertension. They may be asymptomatic or present with abdominal pain and other symptoms. Watchful waiting is an appropriate treatment, except when complications occur. Most common complications are aneurysm thrombosis and rupture. Other visceral venous aneurysms are extremely rare.
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4304
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Khan MI, Baqai MT, Baqai MF, Mufti N. Exsanguinating upper GI bleeds due to Unusual Arteriovenous Malformation (AVM) of stomach and spleen: a case report. World J Emerg Surg 2009; 4:15. [PMID: 19409093 PMCID: PMC2687422 DOI: 10.1186/1749-7922-4-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2008] [Accepted: 05/01/2009] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] [Imported: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In this paper we are reporting one case of exsanguinating upper gastrointestinal tract (GIT) bleed requiring massive blood transfusion and immediate life saving surgery. CASE PRESENTATION A 30 years old female, 12 weeks pregnant was referred to our hospital from the earth-quake affected area of Kashmir with history of upper abdominal pain, haematemesis and melaena for one week. After stabilizing the patient, upper gastro-intestinal endoscopy was performed. It revealed gastric ulcer just distal to the gastro-esophageal junction on the lesser curvature. Biopsy from the ulcer edge led to profuse spurting of the blood and patient went into state of shock. Immediate resuscitation led to rebleeding and recurrence of post haemorrahagic shock. CONCLUSION The patient was immediately explored and total gastrectectomy with splenectomy concluded as life saving procedure. A review of literature was conducted to make this report possible.
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4305
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Victoria CR, Sassak LY, Nunes HRDC. Incidence and prevalence rates of inflammatory bowel diseases, in midwestern of São Paulo State, Brazil. ARQUIVOS DE GASTROENTEROLOGIA 2009; 46:20-5. [PMID: 19466305 DOI: 10.1590/s0004-28032009000100009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2008] [Accepted: 08/04/2008] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT The incidence and populational prevalence of inflammatory bowel diseases, hitherto unknown in Brazil, were estimated for a region in the Midwest of São Paulo State, Brazil. METHODS Using a sequential registry of 115 adult patients (>15 years old) with inflammatory bowel diseases - exclusively residing in the studied region with 533,508 inhabitants (2005) and attended at the reference hospital during a 20 year interval (1986-2005) - were estimated, in four consecutives periods of 5 years each, the incidences according to gender, type of the disease and the prevalence of these diseases, and its inner-relations evaluated by the Poisson regression model. RESULTS The inflammatory bowel diseases in the studied region predominated among young, white race and people living in urban area, and the incidence on the female population rose during this period. The incidence of ulcerative colitis were higher than Crohn's disease and non-classified colitis, and showed a progressive increase in the first three periods with a decrease in the last one (2001-2005), where the observed rates of ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease and non-classified colitis were 4.48, 3.50 and 1.75 cases/100,000 inhabitants, with prevalence of 22.61, 14.81, 5.65, 2.14 cases/100,000 inhabitants for total inflammatory bowel diseases. CONCLUSION The inflammatory bowel diseases incidence in the studied area was as low as in other countries of Latin America and smaller than that found in countries of South Europe. The crescent prevalence justifies the policies to adequate medical cares for inflammatory bowel diseases patients in this area.
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4306
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Wang L, Li YM. Recurrent achalasia treated with Heller myotomy: A review of the literature. World J Gastroenterol 2008; 14:7122-6. [PMID: 19084921 PMCID: PMC2776844 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.14.7122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] [Imported: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Heller myotomy (HM) for recurrent achalasia, performed after different methods of first-line treatment.
METHODS: We searched for studies published in PubMed from 1966 to March 2008 on treatment of recurrent achalasia with HM after failure with different methods of first-line treatment. The efficacy of HM was assessed by a pooled estimate of response rate with individual studies weighted proportionally to sample size.
RESULTS: Sixteen studies were eligible and included in the review. The results showed that HM has a better remission rate for recurrent achalasia after failure of HM [weighted mean (SD)] of 86.9% (21.8%) compared with 81.6% (23.8%) for pneumatic dilatation (PD). One study evaluated the efficacy of HM after failure of PD combined with botulinum toxin injection (83%). The most common complications were perforation and gastroesophageal reflux.
CONCLUSION: HM has the best efficacy in patients with recurrent achalasia who were treated with HM as first-line treatment. Future studies should focus on how to increase the success rate and decrease the complications of HM.
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4307
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Ersoy O, Yilmaz R, Arici M, Turgan C, Bayraktar Y. Prevalence of Occult Hepatitis B Infection in Hemodialysis Patients. DIALYSIS & TRANSPLANTATION 2008; 37:362-368. [DOI: 10.1002/dat.20258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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4308
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Cheung WY, Brierley J, Mackay HJ. Treatment of Rectal Cancer Metastases to the Thyroid Gland: Report of Two Cases. Clin Colorectal Cancer 2008; 7:280-2. [DOI: 10.3816/ccc.2008.n.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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4309
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Kline A. Rubinstein-Taybi Syndrome: A case report. THE FOOT & ANKLE JOURNAL 2008; 1. [DOI: 10.3827/faoj.2008.0107.0003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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4310
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Chamisa I. Primary gastric Kaposi's sarcoma presenting first with upper gastrointestinal bleeding and abdominal pain: A case report. SOUTH AFRICAN GASTROENTEROLOGY REVIEW 2008; 6. [DOI: 10.4314/sagr.v6i1.30743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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4311
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Yilmaz N, Shiffman ML, Todd Stravitz R, Sterling RK, Luketic VA, Sanyal AJ, Maluf D, Coterell A, Posner MP, Fisher RA. Prophylaxsis against recurrance of hepatitis B virus after liver transplantation: a retrospective analysis spanning 20 years. Liver Int 2008; 28:72-8. [PMID: 17983429 DOI: 10.1111/j.1478-3231.2007.01611.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
Liver transplantation (LT) in patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is associated with a high rate of graft loss and poor survival, unless re-infection can be prevented. Human hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIG) has long been utilized to prevent re-infection. More recently, an anti-viral agent has been utilized along with HBIG. However, the regimens utilized have varied considerably among LT programmes and the optimal regimen has never been defined. We conducted a retrospective analysis of 41 patients who underwent LT for HBV at our centre since 1985 and received either HBIG with or without an anti-viral agent. The mean age of these patients was 46 years; 81% were male and 88% white. The mean and maximal follow-up were 5.9 and 15 years respectively. Eight out of 15 E-antigen-positive patients who received HBIG alone developed recurrence after a mean of 17 months. In contrast, none of 10 E-Ag-negative patients who received HBIG alone and none of the 10 E-antigen-positive patients who received both HBIG and either lamivudine or adefovir developed recurrence. As long as the anti-HB surface remained detectable, no absolute minimum serum level appeared to lead to recurrent HBV. We concluded that recurrence of HBV following LT can be prevented in E-antigen-positive patients with a combination of HBIG and an anti-viral agent. In contrast, recurrence can be prevented in E-antigen-negative patients with HBIG alone. Maintaining a serum anti-HB surface level above a minimum arbitrary titre of 200 pg/mL did not appear to be necessary for effective HBIG prophylaxis.
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4312
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Mangieri RA, Piomelli D. Enhancement of endocannabinoid signaling and the pharmacotherapy of depression. Pharmacol Res 2007; 56:360-6. [PMID: 17945507 PMCID: PMC2104793 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2007.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2007] [Revised: 08/10/2007] [Accepted: 09/05/2007] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Cannabinoids are well known modulators of mood and emotional behavior. Current research supports a role for endocannabinoid signaling in the treatment of depression. Changes in levels of the cannabinoid CB(1) receptor or the endogenous CB(1) receptor ligands, anandamide and 2-AG, are observed both in humans suffering from depression and in animal models of depression, and experimental manipulation of CB(1) receptor signaling has also been shown to affect emotional reactivity in rodents. Importantly, inhibitors of anandamide inactivation have demonstrated efficacy in enhancing stress-coping and mood-related behavior. This article will review these areas of research, highlighting the potential of endocannabinoid metabolism modulators as therapeutics for the treatment of depression.
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4313
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Nakamura T, Sugaya T, Kawagoe Y, Suzuki T, Ueda Y, Koide H, Inoue T, Node K. Azelnidipine reduces urinary protein excretion and urinary liver-type fatty acid binding protein in patients with hypertensive chronic kidney disease. Am J Med Sci 2007; 333:321-6. [PMID: 17570983 DOI: 10.1097/maj.0b013e318065c254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypoxia plays a significant role in the pathogenesis and progression of chronic renal disease. Urinary liver-type fatty acid binding protein (L-FABP) levels reflect the clinical prognosis of chronic renal disease. The calcium channel blocker azelnidipine has anti-oxidative properties and these may contribute to the beneficial effects of this drug. The aim of the present study was to determine whether azelnidipine and/or amlodipine affected urinary protein excretion or the urinary levels of 8-OHdG and L-FABP in hypertensive patients with mild chronic kidney disease (CKD). METHODS Thirty moderately hypertensive chronic kidney disease patients were randomly assigned to 2 treatment groups: azelnidipine 16 mg once daily or amlodipine 5 mg once daily. Treatment was continued for 6 months. Urinary protein excretion and urinary levels of 8-OHdG and urinary L-FABP were measured before 3 and 6 months after the treatment period. RESULTS Both drugs exhibited comparable and significant effects on the systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Azelnidipine decreased heart rate significantly after 3 and 6 months whereas amlodipine increased it significantly after 3 and 6 months. Urinary protein excretion, urinary 8-OHdG and urinary L-FABP levels decreased significantly after 3 months (p < 0.05) and 6 months (p < 0.05) in the azelnidipine group. In contrast, amlodipine showed little effect on urinary protein excretion or the urinary levels of 8-OHdG and L-FABP throughout the experimental period. CONCLUSIONS Azelnidipine is renoprotective in hypertensive patients with mild CKD and this action is, at least in part, due to the anti-oxidative effect.
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4314
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Pancreatic Cancer, Childhood. ENCYCLOPEDIA OF CANCER AND SOCIETY 2007. [DOI: 10.4135/9781412953979.n469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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4315
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Weller D. Early lung cancer detection: the role of primary care. PRIMARY CARE RESPIRATORY JOURNAL : JOURNAL OF THE GENERAL PRACTICE AIRWAYS GROUP 2006; 15:323-5. [PMID: 17095298 PMCID: PMC6822662 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcrj.2006.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2006] [Accepted: 09/29/2006] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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4316
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Chronic Post-Surgical Pain Syndromes. ENCYCLOPEDIA OF PAIN 2006:390-390. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-540-29805-2_718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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4317
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Natalizumab, Anti-Il-12, Alicaforsen, Plasmapheresis, Protease Inhibitors, Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors (Present). Inflamm Bowel Dis 2006. [DOI: 10.1097/00054725-200610003-00017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
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4318
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Laparoscopic Gastric Banding for Morbid Obesity. TIPS AND TECHNIQUES IN LAPAROSCOPIC SURGERY 2005:57-76. [DOI: 10.1007/3-540-27020-5_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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4319
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Karabakhtsian R, Heller D, Hameed M, Bethel C. Periosteal chondroma of the rib--report of a case and literature review. J Pediatr Surg 2005; 40:1505-7. [PMID: 16150361 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2005.05.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] [Imported: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Periosteal chondroma is a rare benign tumor of hyaline cartilage. It develops adjacent to the cortex of the bone and is rimmed by an intact periosteal membrane. Periosteal chondromas are most common in the metaphyses of long bones followed by the small tubular bones of the hands and feet. Periosteal chondroma arising in the rib is an extremely rare event. We could only find 10 reported cases in the English literature. We present a case of periosteal chondroma in the rib discovered incidentally on chest x-ray of an 11-year-old girl.
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4320
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Sanchis J, Bodí V, Llácer A, Núñez J, Consuegra L, Bosch MJ, Bertomeu V, Ruiz V, Chorro FJ. Risk stratification of patients with acute chest pain and normal troponin concentrations. Heart 2005; 91:1013-8. [PMID: 16020586 PMCID: PMC1769052 DOI: 10.1136/hrt.2004.041673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/25/2004] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the outcome of patients with acute chest pain and normal troponin concentrations. DESIGN Prospective cohort design. SETTING Single centre study in a teaching hospital in Spain. PATIENTS 609 consecutive patients with chest pain evaluated in the emergency department by clinical history (risk factors and a chest pain score according to pain characteristics), ECG, and early (< 24 hours) exercise testing for low risk patients with physical capacity (n = 283, 46%). All had normal troponin concentrations after serial determination. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Myocardial infarction or cardiac death during six months of follow up. RESULTS 29 events were detected (4.8%). No patient with a negative early exercise test (n = 161) had events versus the 6.9% event rate in the remaining patients (p = 0.0001). Four independent predictors were found: chest pain score > or = 11 points (odds ratio (OR) 2.4, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.1 to 5.5, p = 0.04), diabetes mellitus (OR 2.3, 95% CI 1.1 to 4.7, p = 0.03), previous coronary surgery (OR 3.1, 95% CI 1.3 to 7.6, p = 0.01), and ST segment depression (OR 2.8, 95% CI 1.3 to 6.3, p = 0.003). A risk score proved useful for patient stratification according to the presence of 0-1 (2.7% event rate), 2 (10.2%, p = 0.008), and 3-4 predictors (29.2%, p = 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS A negative troponin result does not assure a good prognosis for patients coming to the emergency room with chest pain. Early exercise testing and clinical data should be carefully evaluated for risk stratification.
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4321
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Barbagallo GMV, Platania N, Schonauer C. Long-term resolution of acute, obstructive, triventricular hydrocephalus by endoscopic removal of a third ventricular hematoma without third ventriculostomy. Case report and review of the literature. J Neurosurg 2005; 102:930-4. [PMID: 15926724 DOI: 10.3171/jns.2005.102.5.0930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The authors describe a new extension of the use of neuroendoscopy beyond that which is ordinarily performed. The authors report on the resolution of acute, obstructive, triventricular hydrocephalus in a 42-year-old woman with hypertensive caudate hemorrhage that migrated into the ventricular system. The patient underwent emergency endoscopic removal of a third ventricular hematoma, which was obstructing the orifice of the aqueduct, and restoration of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow but no third ventriculostomy. The authors believe that this is the first such case to be reported. In selected cases of third ventricular hemorrhage, endoscopic removal of the intraventricular hematoma may represent a useful and effective treatment option even in emergency conditions as well as a better alternative to prolonged CSF external ventricular drainage. A reduction in the duration of hospitalization is a beneficial consequence. The authors assert that third ventriculostomy is not always needed.
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4322
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Maier KP. [The patient with slightly increased liver function tests]. PRAXIS 2005; 94:139-143. [PMID: 15745378 DOI: 10.1024/0369-8394.94.5.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] [Imported: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
The availability of serum blood chemistries for screening both symptomatic and asymptomatic patients has resulted in a marked increase in the number of abnormal liver chemistry tests that must be interpreted by physicians. Usually the first step in the evaluation of a patient with elevated liver enzymes is to repeat the test to confirm the result. If the result is still abnormal, it seems wise to differentiate between a predominant "necrotic pattern" of liver chemistry, as indicated by an elevation of ALT- or AST-activity or a predominant "cholestatic pattern", as indicated by elevated activities of g-GT and alkaline phosphatase. In patients with elevated serum amino transferases hepatic diseases should be excluded primarily with non-invasive serologic tests. The most common causes of elevated amino transferase levels are chronic hepatitis B and C, autoimmunhepatitis, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, hemochromatosis, Wilson-disease and (only recently recognized) celiac sprue. In the case of a dominant "cholestatic pattern", primary biliary cirrhosis, primary sclerosing cholangitis, but also drugs and granulomatose hepatitis must be excluded. If non-invasive serologic studies remain inconclusive, ultrasound, mini-laparoscopy and liver biopsy will help to establish the final diagnoses.
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4323
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Na HS, Bae JH. Difficult Tracheal Intubation Due to Lingual Tonsillar Hypertrophy: A case report. Korean J Anesthesiol 2005; 49:698. [DOI: 10.4097/kjae.2005.49.5.698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2005] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
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4324
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Lee HS, Park JH, Choi H, Kim JH, Min LK, Lee SI, Noh SM. Assessment of Nutrition Status and Quality of Life after Curative Resection in Patients with Upper Gastric Cancer: Comparison of Total Gastrectomy and Proximal Gastrectomy. JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN GASTRIC CANCER ASSOCIATION 2005; 5:152. [DOI: 10.5230/jkgca.2005.5.3.152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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4325
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Racz MM, Link BK, Vasef MA. Follicular lymphoma following liver transplantation: report of a unique case with review of the literature. Transplant Proc 2004; 36:2782-6. [PMID: 15621149 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2004.09.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Lymphoproliferative disorders following organ transplantation are often Epstein-Barr virus-related high-grade B-cell lymphoid proliferations. Posttransplant low-grade lymphoproliferative disorders are uncommon. We report a low-grade follicular lymphoma with typical follicle center cell immunophenotype and t(14;18) translocation involving the major breakpoint region in a liver recipient.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Antigens, CD/analysis
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 14
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 18
- DNA, Viral/genetics
- DNA, Viral/isolation & purification
- Herpesvirus 4, Human/isolation & purification
- Humans
- Immunohistochemistry
- Immunophenotyping
- In Situ Hybridization
- Liver Transplantation/adverse effects
- Liver Transplantation/pathology
- Lymph Nodes/pathology
- Lymph Nodes/virology
- Lymphoma, Follicular/genetics
- Lymphoma, Follicular/pathology
- Lymphoma, Follicular/virology
- Lymphoproliferative Disorders/etiology
- Lymphoproliferative Disorders/genetics
- Male
- Postoperative Complications
- RNA, Viral/genetics
- Translocation, Genetic
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