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Hamidatou Khati W, Al Mutery AF, Moudilou EN, Exbrayat JM, Hammouche S. Distribution of the Novel RFRP-3/receptors system in the epididymis of the seasonal desert rodent, Gerbillus tarabuli, during sexual activity. Morphologie 2021:S1286-0115(21)00233-2. [PMID: 34774455 DOI: 10.1016/j.morpho.2021.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/06/2022]
Abstract
RFamide-related peptide (RFRP-3), the Mammalian ortholog of the Avian gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone (GnIH), is a novel neuropeptide known for its inhibitory regulatory effect on reproduction in various mammalian species. However, a stimulatory action has been reported. This paper aims to: i) study the histology of the epididymis (caput) of Gerbillus tarabuli during the breeding period; and ii) to determine the distribution of the "RFRP-3/receptors system" in the epididymis (caput) of this desert rodent during the active season, and thus, to inspect its potential local interfering in sperm maturation. For that, immunohistochemistry was performed to detect the epididymal immunolocalizations of the three molecules, RFRP-3, GPR147, and GPR74. This is the first report of the epididymis histology in Gerbillus tarabuli, as it is the first evidence of the existence of the RFRP-3/Receptor system in the same organ of the same species. During the breeding season, moderate immunostaining of the RFRP-3/receptors system was present in the caput epididymis' epithelial parts (basal and principal cells) and spermatozoa. In contrast, these three molecules were absent in the peritubular and muscle coat's myoid cells and of the interstitial part of the caput epididymis. The results suggest that the epididymis is a potential source of RFRP-3 in the desert Rodent, Gerbillus tarabuli, which may function as a paracrine and/or autocrine factor affecting the main epididymis' function: sperm maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Hamidatou Khati
- USTHB, Arid Area Research Laboratory, Biological Sciences Faculty, University of Sciences and Technology of Houari-Boumediene, Algiers, Algeria.
| | - A F Al Mutery
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Human Genetics & Stem Cells Research Group, Research Institute of Sciences & Engineering, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Molecular Genetics Research Laboratory, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - E N Moudilou
- UMRS 449 - General Biology - Reproduction and Comparative Development, UDL; École Pratique des Hautes Études, PSL, Lyon Catholic University, Lyon, France
| | - J-M Exbrayat
- UMRS 449 - General Biology - Reproduction and Comparative Development, UDL; École Pratique des Hautes Études, PSL, Lyon Catholic University, Lyon, France
| | - S Hammouche
- USTHB, Arid Area Research Laboratory, Biological Sciences Faculty, University of Sciences and Technology of Houari-Boumediene, Algiers, Algeria
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Menad R, Fernini M, Lakabi L, Smaï S, Gernigon-Spychalowicz T, Farida K, Bonnet X, Moudilou E, Exbrayat JM. Androgen and estrogen receptors immunolocalization in the sand rat (Psammomys Obesus) cauda epididymis. Acta Histochem 2021; 123:151683. [PMID: 33508524 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2021.151683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/06/2022]
Abstract
Both androgens and estrogens play key, albeit incompletely described, roles in the functioning of the epididymis. Because this tightly-coiled tubular structure is compartmented, precise mapping of the distribution of sex steroid's receptors is important. Such receptors have been located in the first segments (caput, corpus), but the last part (cauda) remains poorly explored. We used immunochemistry to localize androgen (AR) and estrogen (ESR1 and ESR2) receptors in the cauda in the fat sand rat (Psammomys obesus). We compared results obtained during the breeding versus resting seasons. We also used individuals castrated, or castrated then treated with testosterone, or subjected to the ligation of their efferent ducts. During the breeding season, in principal cells, we found strong staining both for AR and ESR1 in the apical cytoplasm, and strong staining for ESR2 in the nucleus. During the resting season, principal cells were positive for AR and ESR1, but negative for ESR2. In castrated animals, staining was null for ESR2 and AR, and weak for ESR1. In castrated then treated animals, immuno-expression was restored but only for AR and ESR1. Following efferent duct ligation, AR reactivity decreased while ESR1 and ESR2 provided strong staining. Broadly similar, but not fully identical patterns were observed in basal cells. They were positive for ESR2 and AR during the breeding season, but not for ESR1. During the resting season, staining was modest for ESR1 and AR and negative for ESR2. In all experimentally treated animals, we observed weak staining for AR and ESR1, and a lack of signal for ESR2. Overall, this study provides strong evidence that androgens and estrogens are involved in the seasonal regulation of the whole epididymis in the fat sand rat, with marked differences between caput and cauda (the corpus is highly reduced in rodent).
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Menad R, Lakabi L, Fernini M, Smaï S, Gernigon Spychalowicz T, Khammar F, Bonnet X, Moudilou E, Exbrayat JM. Apoptosis in epididymis of sand rat Psammomys obesus, Cretzschmar, 1828: Effects of seasonal variations, castration and efferent duct ligation. Morphologie 2021:S1286-0115(20)30128-4. [PMID: 33483186 DOI: 10.1016/j.morpho.2020.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/06/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to visualize apoptosis throughout the reproductive cycle and after castration, castration then treatment with testosterone, and ligation of efferent ducts. The sand rat, Psammomysobesus, Cretzschmar 1828, is a diurnal rodent belonging to the family Gerbillidae. Its breeding cycle is seasonal with reproduction in autumn, winter and early spring and a short resting period from late spring to early summer. Five groups of males were studied: (1) animals captured during the breeding season; (2) animals captured during the resting season; (3) animals castrated and kept 30 days; (4) animals castrated, kept 30 days, and then treated with testosterone for 15 days; (5) animals subjected to the ligation of efferent ducts and kept 30 days. Epididymis were removed and the presence of apoptotic cells was explored using the "Apostain" immunohistochemical method. Histological results showed cell and tissue remodeling. During the breeding season, a positive apoptotic signal was observed mainly in smooth muscle cells of caput and cauda epididymis. This signal persisted throughout the resting season. The orchiectomy induced apoptosis in almost of epithelial and connective cells. However, this intense cell death was not reversed by treatment with testosterone. In animals that experienced efferent duct ligation, principal cells and smooth muscle cells showed a positive signal for apoptosis. Our results converge to qualify the sand rat epididymis as an excellent model for the study of apoptosis and argue for continued cell death, at least independent of circulating testosterone levels.
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Djouahra N, Moudilou EN, Exbrayat JM, Hammouche S. Immunodistribution of RFamide-related peptide-3 (RFRP-3) during the seminiferous epithelium cycle in a desert rodent Psammomys obesus. Tissue Cell 2021; 69:101484. [PMID: 33450652 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2020.101484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The Sand rat, Psammomys obesus, living northwest of the Algerian Sahara, presents a seasonal reproductive cycle. The purposes of this study were firstly to determine the stages of seminiferous epithelium cycle (SEC) by histological and morphometric analysis and secondly to investigate, for the first time, the testicular expression of RFamide-related peptide-3 (RFRP-3) during the SEC by immunohistochemistry. The results showed that the SEC consists of 14 stages according to the tubular morphology method. RFRP-3 was observed in both testicular compartments: the tubular and the interstitial. Leydig cells exhibited the highest RFRP-3 signal (30.73 % ± 4.80) compared to Sertoli cells (13-15 %). In the germline, RFRP-3 was detected during the late prophase I of meiosis in late pachytene, diplotene and metaphasic spermatocytes I. In addition, only round and triangular spermatids were positive during spermiogenesis. Referring to the SEC, it was found that the increased staining of RFRP-3 in spermatocytes I coincided with late pachytene of XI and XII stages (16.90 % ± 0.69 and 16.61 % ± 0.28, respectively). In spermatids, the labeling decreased in the triangular ones at stage IX (8.04 % ± 0.42). These results suggest the involvement of RFRP-3 in the control of SEC in P. obesus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nassima Djouahra
- USTHB, University of Sciences and Technology of Houari Boumediene, Biological Sciences Faculty, Arid Area Research Laboratory, Algiers, Algeria.
| | - Elara N Moudilou
- Confluence Sciences and Humanities Research Unit, Biosciences Technologies Ethics Laboratory, Lyon Catholic University, 10 Place des Archives, Lyon, 69002, France
| | - Jean-Marie Exbrayat
- Confluence Sciences and Humanities Research Unit, Biosciences Technologies Ethics Laboratory, Lyon Catholic University, 10 Place des Archives, Lyon, 69002, France
| | - Sadjia Hammouche
- USTHB, University of Sciences and Technology of Houari Boumediene, Biological Sciences Faculty, Arid Area Research Laboratory, Algiers, Algeria
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Brun C, Exbrayat JM, Raquet M. Localization of Receptors for Sex Steroids and Pituitary Hormones in the Female Genital Duct throughout the Reproductive Cycle of a Viviparous Gymnophiona Amphibian, Typhlonectes compressicauda. Animals (Basel) 2020; 11:ani11010002. [PMID: 33374945 PMCID: PMC7821928 DOI: 10.3390/ani11010002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Females of the legless amphibian Cayenne caecilian Typhloneces compressicauda demonstrate a biennial viviparous reproductive cycle, with complex morphological alterations in its oviduct. During the first year, these morphological variations permit the capture of the oocytes at ovulation and the pregnancy in the posterior part transformed into uterus. Pregnancy lasts 6 to 7 months and, at parturition, the female gives birth to 6 to 8 newborns which look like small adults.The second year of the cycle is a sexual rest period, allowing females to replenish their body reserves. The hormonal receptors detected in the different cell types of the oviduct confirm that the cyclical development of the genital tract is dependent on sex and pituitary hormones, with a direct control by the pituitary gland. Abstract Reproduction in vertebrates is controlled by the hypothalamo-pituitary-gonadal axis, and both the sex steroid and pituitary hormones play a pivotal role in the regulation of the physiology of the oviduct and events occurring within the oviduct. Their hormonal actions are mediated through interaction with specific receptors. Our aim was to locate α and β estrogen receptors, progesterone receptors, gonadotropin and prolactin receptors in the tissues of the oviduct of Typhlonectes compressicauda (Amphibia, Gymnophiona), in order to study the correlation between the morphological changes of the genital tract and the ovarian cycle. Immunohistochemical methods were used. We observed that sex steroids and pituitary hormones were involved in the morpho-functional regulation of oviduct, and that their cellular detection was dependent on the period of the reproductive cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Brun
- Sciences and Humanities Confluence Research Center, UCLy, CEDEX 02, 69288 Lyon, France;
- Correspondence: (C.B.); or (J.-M.E.)
| | - Jean-Marie Exbrayat
- Sciences and Humanities Confluence Research Center, UCLy, CEDEX 02, 69288 Lyon, France;
- Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, Paris Sciences Lettres, CEDEX 02, 69288 Lyon, France
- Correspondence: (C.B.); or (J.-M.E.)
| | - Michel Raquet
- Sciences and Humanities Confluence Research Center, UCLy, CEDEX 02, 69288 Lyon, France;
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Talmatamar A, Chaabane I, Salem S, Touati H, Remana S, Chevalier C, Moudilou EN, Exbrayat JM, Barka-Dahane Z. Kidney functional morphology variations between spring and winter in the Saharan male lizard Uromastyx acanthinura (Sauria, Agamidae), with special reference to body water economy. Tissue Cell 2020; 67:101448. [PMID: 33130457 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2020.101448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
To better understand the adaptive mechanisms in Uromastyx acanthinura to the seasonal variations in the arid environment, the present study aimed to explore the kidney functional morphology involved in body water economy. These investigations were carried out by the histological, histochemical and immuno-histochemical methods using conventional light microscopy. The glomeruli number is estimated at 2000 per kidney. The glomeruli size is rather small and decreases significantly in winter. Interestingly, the proximal convoluted tubule (PCT) is long and divided into two different segments which is one of the particularities of this species. Both of the distal convoluted tubule (DCT), connecting tubule (CnT) and collecting duct (CD) epithelium contains mucous cells. The nature and intensity of these mucous secretions vary according to seasons. The evident hypertrophy of the secondary collecting duct (SCD) and tertiary collecting duct (TCD) epithelium is related to the high secretory activity during spring, corresponding to the sexual segment of kidney (SSK). Labeling with anti α-smooth muscle actin-1 showed a thick layer of mucularis surrounded the entire CD. Also, the mesangium of glomeruli contains myofibroblasts. All these renal structural characteristics involved in body water economy may be considered as an adaptive mechanisms of U. acanthinura to resist to dehydration and cope with seasonal variations in the arid environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amina Talmatamar
- Houari Boumediene University of Sciences and Technology, Neurobiology Team, Laboratory of Biology and Physiology of Organisms. BP 32 El-Alia, 16111, Algiers, Algeria.
| | - Isma Chaabane
- Houari Boumediene University of Sciences and Technology, Neurobiology Team, Laboratory of Biology and Physiology of Organisms. BP 32 El-Alia, 16111, Algiers, Algeria.
| | - Sabiha Salem
- Houari Boumediene University of Sciences and Technology, Neurobiology Team, Laboratory of Biology and Physiology of Organisms. BP 32 El-Alia, 16111, Algiers, Algeria.
| | - Hanane Touati
- Houari Boumediene University of Sciences and Technology, Neurobiology Team, Laboratory of Biology and Physiology of Organisms. BP 32 El-Alia, 16111, Algiers, Algeria.
| | - Soumia Remana
- Houari Boumediene University of Sciences and Technology, Neurobiology Team, Laboratory of Biology and Physiology of Organisms. BP 32 El-Alia, 16111, Algiers, Algeria.
| | - Christine Chevalier
- UR Confluence, Sciences et Humanités, Laboratoire Bioscience, Technologies, Ethique-UCLy, 10 place des Archives, 69288, Lyon Cedex 02, France.
| | - Elara N Moudilou
- UR Confluence, Sciences et Humanités, Laboratoire Bioscience, Technologies, Ethique-UCLy, 10 place des Archives, 69288, Lyon Cedex 02, France.
| | - Jean-Marie Exbrayat
- Catholic University of Lyon, UDL and Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, PSL, France.
| | - Zohra Barka-Dahane
- Houari Boumediene University of Sciences and Technology, Neurobiology Team, Laboratory of Biology and Physiology of Organisms. BP 32 El-Alia, 16111, Algiers, Algeria.
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Menad R, Fernini M, Lakabi L, Soudani N, Smaï S, Bonnet X, Gernigon-Spychalowicz T, Moudilou E, Exbrayat JM. G protein-coupled oestrogen receptor 1, oestrogen receptors and androgen receptor in the sand rat (Psammomys obesus) efferent ducts. Folia Morphol (Warsz) 2020; 79:756-766. [PMID: 32459366 DOI: 10.5603/fm.a2020.0053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The efferent ducts are mainly involved in the reabsorption of the seminiferous tubular fluid. Testosterone and oestrogens regulate efferent ducts functions via their receptors. MATERIALS AND METHODS This paper presents an experimental investigation on the location of the P450 aromatase, the 17-b oestradiol (E2), the androgen receptor (AR), the oestrogen receptor 1 (ESR1), the oestrogen receptor 2 (ESR2) and the G protein-coupled oestrogen receptor 1 (GPER1) in the efferent ducts using Psammomys obesus as an animal model to highlight the effect of the season on the histology and the distribution of these receptors. RESULTS We observed a proliferation of the connective tissue, decreasing in the height of the epithelium during the resting season compared to the breeding season. Ciliated cells expressed P450 aromatase, AR, E2, ESR1, ESR2 and GPER1 during both seasons. Basal cells showed a positive staining for the ESR1 and the GPER1 during both season, the AR and E2 during the breeding season and ESR2 during the resting season. CONCLUSIONS Our result shows that the expression of androgen receptor and oestrogen receptors in the efferent ducts vary by season witch suggest that they are largely involved in the regulation of the efferent ducts functions.
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Chaouad B, Moudilou EN, Ghoul A, Zerrouk F, Moulahoum A, Othmani-Mecif K, Cherifi MEH, Exbrayat JM, Benazzoug Y. Hyperhomocysteinemia and myocardial remodeling in the sand rat, Psammomys obesus. Acta Histochem 2019; 121:823-832. [PMID: 31377002 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2019.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Numerous studies have shown that a methionine-rich diet induces hyperhomocysteinemia (Hhcy), a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. The objective of the present study was to determine the involvement of Hhcy in cardiac remodeling in the sand rat Psammomys obesus. MATERIALS AND METHODS An experimental Hhcy was induced, in the sand rat Psammomys obesus, by intraperitoneal injection of 300 mg/kg of body weight/day of methionine for 1 month. The impact of Hhcy on the cellular and matricial structures of the myocardium was analyzed with histological techniques (Masson trichrome and Sirius red staining). Immunohistochemistry allowed us to analyze several factors involved in myocardial remodeling, such as fibrillar collagen I and III, metalloproteases (MMP-2 and -9) and their inhibitors (TIMP-1 and -2), TGF-β1 and activated caspase 3. RESULTS Our results show that Hhcy induced by an excess of methionine causes, in the myocardium of Psammomys obesus, a significant accumulation of fibrillar collagens I and III at the interstitial and perivascular scales, indicating the appearance of fibrosis, which is associated with an immuno-expression increase of TGF-β1, MMP-9 and TIMP-2 and an immuno-expression decrease of MMP-2 and TIMP-1. Also, Hhcy induces apoptosis of some cardiomyocytes and cardiac fibroblasts by increasing of activated caspase 3 expression. These results highlight a remodeling of cardiac tissue in hyperhomocysteinemic Psammomys obesus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Billel Chaouad
- Biochemistry and Remodeling of the Extracellular Matrix, Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Houari Boumediene University of Science and Technology (USTHB), Bab Ezzouar, El Alia, 16111, Algiers, Algeria; University Djilali Bounaama of Khemis Miliana, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences and Earth Sciences, Theniet El Had Road, 44225, Khemis Miliana, Algeria
| | - Elara N Moudilou
- UMRS 449, General Biology - Reproduction and Comparative Development, Lyon Catholic University, UDL, EPHE, PSL, 10, Place des Archives, 69288, Lyon Cedex 02, France
| | - Adel Ghoul
- Biochemistry and Remodeling of the Extracellular Matrix, Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Houari Boumediene University of Science and Technology (USTHB), Bab Ezzouar, El Alia, 16111, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Fouzia Zerrouk
- Biochemistry and Remodeling of the Extracellular Matrix, Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Houari Boumediene University of Science and Technology (USTHB), Bab Ezzouar, El Alia, 16111, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Anissa Moulahoum
- Biochemistry and Remodeling of the Extracellular Matrix, Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Houari Boumediene University of Science and Technology (USTHB), Bab Ezzouar, El Alia, 16111, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Khira Othmani-Mecif
- Biochemistry and Remodeling of the Extracellular Matrix, Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Houari Boumediene University of Science and Technology (USTHB), Bab Ezzouar, El Alia, 16111, Algiers, Algeria
| | | | - Jean-Marie Exbrayat
- UMRS 449, General Biology - Reproduction and Comparative Development, Lyon Catholic University, UDL, EPHE, PSL, 10, Place des Archives, 69288, Lyon Cedex 02, France
| | - Yasmina Benazzoug
- Biochemistry and Remodeling of the Extracellular Matrix, Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Houari Boumediene University of Science and Technology (USTHB), Bab Ezzouar, El Alia, 16111, Algiers, Algeria.
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Mamou R, Marniche F, Amroun M, Exbrayat JM, Herrel A. Seasonal variation in diet and prey availability in the wall lizardPodarcis vaucheri(Boulenger, 1905) from the Djurdjura Mountains, northern Algeria. AFR J HERPETOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/21564574.2018.1509138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rabah Mamou
- UMRS 449, General biology - Reproduction and comparative development, Catholic University, EPHE/PSL, Lyon, France
| | - Faïza Marniche
- Laboratoire de Zoologie, Veterinary national School, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Mansour Amroun
- Laboratoire d’ecologie des Vertébrés, University of Tizi-ouzou, Tizi ouzou, Algeria
| | - Jean-Marie Exbrayat
- UMRS 449, General biology - Reproduction and comparative development, Catholic University, EPHE/PSL, Lyon, France
| | - Anthony Herrel
- Department of Ecology and Biodiversity Management, UMR 7179 C.N.R.S/M.N.H.N., Paris, France
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Yartsev VV, Exbrayat JM, Kuranova VN. Oviduct, Egg, and Egg Sac Structures in the Siberian Salamander, Salamandrella keyserlingii (Caudata, Hynobiidae): a Histological and Histochemical Study. RUSS J HERPETOL 2019. [DOI: 10.30906/1026-2296-2019-26-2-98-106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/06/2022]
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Exbrayat JM, Moudilou EN, Brun C. Immunohistochemical Localization of Calpains in the Amphibian Xenopus laevis. Methods Mol Biol 2019; 1915:81-92. [PMID: 30617797 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-8988-1_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Though histochemical techniques have been used for decades, they are still very important in basic research. They make it possible to work on fixed tissues and provide a large amount of information in a relatively short time and at a low cost. Here we describe methods for indirect immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence on sections of tadpoles and tissues of adult amphibians belonging to the species Xenopus laevis. The objective is to localize calpains within tissues in order to understand their involvement in cellular processes.
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Hamidatou Khati W, Moudilou EN, Exbrayat JM, Hammouche S. Immunolocalization of RFamide-related peptide 3 in a desert rodent Gerbillus tarabuli during seminiferous epithelium cycle. Tissue Cell 2018; 55:1-12. [PMID: 30503055 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2018.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Revised: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/06/2022]
Abstract
Gerbillus tarabuli is a nocturnal seasonal breeder desert rodent with a main breeding season in spring and summer, and sexual quiescence in winter. This species is an interesting model for studying testis function in rodents. Therefore, the present study was performed firstly to investigate the stages of seminiferous epithelium cycle of Gerbillus tarabuli with a histological, morphometric and statistical study. And secondly to investigate the expression and possible variations in cellular distribution of RFamide-related peptide-3 (RFRP-3) - the mammalian ortholog of avian gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone (GnIH) - during seminiferous epithelium cycle using immunohistochimestry. Our results showed for the first time that the seminiferous epithelium cycle in Gerbillus tarabuli comprises 14 well-defined stages according to the tubular morphology method. The seminiferous epithelium thickness showed a significant difference during the epithelium cycle, thus it was the only morphometric classification criterion of seminiferous epithelium cycle in Gerbillus tarabuli. The immunohistochemical study reveals, for the first time, the presence of RFRP-3 in Gerbillus tarabuli testes, in both testicular compartments: the tubular and the interstitial. RFRP-3 is expressed differently according to the seminiferous epithelium cycle, RFRP-3 seemed to be more expressed at the stages V-VII and XIII. RFRP-3 was detected in Sertoli cells (≈12%), spermatocytes I (≈19%), round and elongated spermatids (≈13%), and with a more important signal in Leydig cells (26.87%±0.07). These results indicated the importance of RFRP-3 in testicular function in Gerbillus tarabuli; its expression at the interstitial and germinal levels argues in favor of an involvement in androgens synthesis and in spermatogenesis specifically in meiosis and spermiogenesis. This action seems primordial from stages V-VII and XIII. Also, the study of the seminiferous epithelium cycle will enrich the histological identity of the species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wissam Hamidatou Khati
- USTHB, University of Sciences and Technology of Houari Boumediene, Biological Sciences Faculty, Aride Area Research Laboratory, Algiers, Algeria.
| | - Elara N Moudilou
- UMRS 449- General Biology - Reproduction and Comparative Development, Lyon Catholic University, UDL, Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, PSL, Lyon, France
| | - Jean-Marie Exbrayat
- UMRS 449- General Biology - Reproduction and Comparative Development, Lyon Catholic University, UDL, Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, PSL, Lyon, France
| | - Sadjia Hammouche
- USTHB, University of Sciences and Technology of Houari Boumediene, Biological Sciences Faculty, Aride Area Research Laboratory, Algiers, Algeria
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Yousef M, Moudilou EN, Djoudad-Kadji H, Exbrayat JM. Study of the hydromineral regulation of Typhlonectes compressicauda according to the seasonal variation. Folia Histochem Cytobiol 2018; 56:172-183. [PMID: 30070682 DOI: 10.5603/fhc.a2018.0016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Typhlonectes compressicauda is a viviparous gymnophionan amphibian living in tropical areas of South America. This lengthened amphibian is submitted to seasonal variations characterized by the rainy season (from January to June) and the dry season (from July to December). The mineral homeostasis in amphibians is partly ensured by the neurohormones arginine-vasotocin (AVT), and mesotocin (MST). These two hormones were localized in the hypothalamus, and their receptors, mesotocin receptors (MTR) and vasotocin receptors (VTR2) in the kidney. The aim of the study was to better understand the physiology of the hydromineral regulation of the studied species. MATERIAL AND METHODS The specimens of T. compressicauda male and female adult were divided into 6 groups: males in the rainy season, males in the dry season, females pregnant in the rainy season, females pregnant in the dry season, females not pregnant in the rainy season, females not pregnant in the dry season. We studied the expression of hormones (AVT, MST) and their receptors (MTR, VTR2) in the hypothalamus and the kidney, respectively, by immunohistochemical and histological techniques. We also studied the expression of aquaporin-2 (AQP2), a water-channel protein in the kidney. RESULTS We found that the MST (diuretic hormone) and its receptor were more intensively expressed during the rainy season, whereas the period of maximal AVT (anti-diuretic hormone) and VTR2 expression was the dry season. A quantitative analysis showed significant differences in the number of labeled cells in the hypothalamus depending on the seasonal variation. The expression of AQP2 was observed in renal tubules during both seasons with an increased intensity during the dry season. CONCLUSION The expression of the MST/AVT in brain, their receptors MTRs/VTR2, and AQP2 in kidney changed in T. compressicauda according to the seasonal variations. A direct relationship between the seasonal cycle and reproduction cycle was demonstrated in this species.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jean-Marie Exbrayat
- University of Lyon, UMRS 449, Laboratory of General Biology, Lyon Catholic University; Laboratory of Reproduction and Comparative Development, Lyon, France.
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Zatra Y, Aknoun-Sail N, Kheddache A, Benmouloud A, Charallah S, Moudilou EN, Exbrayat JM, Khammar F, Amirat Z. Seasonal changes in plasma testosterone and cortisol suggest an androgen mediated regulation of the pituitary adrenal axis in the Tarabul's gerbil Gerbillus tarabuli (Thomas, 1902). Gen Comp Endocrinol 2018; 258:173-183. [PMID: 28811197 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2017.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Revised: 07/23/2017] [Accepted: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
In the desert gerbil Gerbillus tarabuli (Thomas, 1902), cortisol is the main glucocorticosteroid produced by the adrenal glands. Plasma cortisol concentrations show highest values when testosterone is reduced and lowest values during the breeding season which occurs from early winter to late spring. In order to specify the implication of testicular androgens in these corticosteroid seasonal variations we investigated the effects induced by gonadectomy performed during the breeding season on the pituitary adrenal axis. The animals collected in winter were assessed into three groups: sham-operated (Controls; n=13), gonadectomised (GDX; n=13) and testosterone replaced gonadectomised (GDX+T; n=13). Physiological replacement of testosterone enanthate (75µg/100gb.w./twice daily) was applied during one week, while GDX group received the vehicle (40µL sesame oil) alone. The right adrenal glands removed from euthanized animals were fixed for histomorphometry and androgen receptors (ARs) immunohistochemistry and the left ones were frozen with plasma samples until hormonal assays. Gonadectomy induces the enlargement of the adrenal cortex essentially due to that of zonae fasciculata (ZF) and reticularis (ZR) and perimedullary connective tissue which is abundant in the gerbil adrenals. The ARs immunostaining present at both cytoplasmic and nucleus level, is enhanced intensely in the ZR and moderately in the ZF and zona glomerulosa (ZG) cells. GDX group shows reduced plasma ACTH concentration (p=0.0126) by 61% despite the increase in cortisol concentration occurring both in plasma (+216%; p=0.0436) and adrenal tissue (+117%; p=0.0348). Plasma aldosterone is also enhanced significantly (p=0.0147) by 189% but androstenedione synthesis increased in adrenal tissue (p=0.0459) by 65% instead a decrease at circulatory level (p=0.0355) by 58% due to lack of testicular origin. So, testosterone deprivation activates corticosteroidogenesis also evidenced by the adrenal structure changes and the gonadectomy-induced increase in the plasma cholesterol. All of the gonadectomy-induced responses are reversible after physiological testosterone replacement. We conclude that the assessment of circulating adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) concentrations together with cortisol levels essentially, reflecting the hypothalamic-pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis feedback loop control during the annual endogenous changes of testosterone secretion, represents a well-adapted response of this desert species living in an extreme environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yamina Zatra
- Université des Sciences et de la Technologie Houari Boumediene (USTHB), Laboratoire de recherche sur les zones arides (LRZA), Faculté des Sciences Biologiques, BP 32, El-Alia, 16111 ou BP 44, Alger Gare, 16000, DZ, Algeria.
| | - Naouel Aknoun-Sail
- Université des Sciences et de la Technologie Houari Boumediene (USTHB), Laboratoire de recherche sur les zones arides (LRZA), Faculté des Sciences Biologiques, BP 32, El-Alia, 16111 ou BP 44, Alger Gare, 16000, DZ, Algeria.
| | - Arezki Kheddache
- Université des Sciences et de la Technologie Houari Boumediene (USTHB), Laboratoire de recherche sur les zones arides (LRZA), Faculté des Sciences Biologiques, BP 32, El-Alia, 16111 ou BP 44, Alger Gare, 16000, DZ, Algeria.
| | - Abdelouafi Benmouloud
- Université des Sciences et de la Technologie Houari Boumediene (USTHB), Laboratoire de recherche sur les zones arides (LRZA), Faculté des Sciences Biologiques, BP 32, El-Alia, 16111 ou BP 44, Alger Gare, 16000, DZ, Algeria.
| | - Salima Charallah
- Université des Sciences et de la Technologie Houari Boumediene (USTHB), Laboratoire de recherche sur les zones arides (LRZA), Faculté des Sciences Biologiques, BP 32, El-Alia, 16111 ou BP 44, Alger Gare, 16000, DZ, Algeria.
| | - Elara N Moudilou
- Université de Lyon, UMRS 449, Laboratoire de Biologie Générale, Université Catholique de Lyon, Reproduction et Développement Comparé, EPHE, 10 place des archives, 69288 Lyon Cedex 02, France.
| | - Jean-Marie Exbrayat
- Université de Lyon, UMRS 449, Laboratoire de Biologie Générale, Université Catholique de Lyon, Reproduction et Développement Comparé, EPHE, 10 place des archives, 69288 Lyon Cedex 02, France.
| | - Farida Khammar
- Université des Sciences et de la Technologie Houari Boumediene (USTHB), Laboratoire de recherche sur les zones arides (LRZA), Faculté des Sciences Biologiques, BP 32, El-Alia, 16111 ou BP 44, Alger Gare, 16000, DZ, Algeria.
| | - Zaina Amirat
- Université des Sciences et de la Technologie Houari Boumediene (USTHB), Laboratoire de recherche sur les zones arides (LRZA), Faculté des Sciences Biologiques, BP 32, El-Alia, 16111 ou BP 44, Alger Gare, 16000, DZ, Algeria.
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KASSOURI-MAOUCHE S, BOUKENAOUI-FERROUK N, CHARALLAH S, MOUDILOU E, CHAKHMA A, EXBRAYAT JM, AMIRAT Z, KHAMMAR F. Cezayir Bedevi Keçisi (Capra hircus)’nde Atretik Ovaryum Folikül Morfolojisi ve Aktif Kaspaz-3 İmmunolokalizasyonu. KAFKAS UNIV VET FAK 2018. [DOI: 10.9775/kvfd.2018.20292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/06/2022] Open
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Kisserli O, Moudilou E, Exbrayat JM. Sexual cycle and seasonal expression of testosterone (T) in the testes of Sclerophrys mauritanica (Schlegel, 1841). AFR J HERPETOL 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/21564574.2017.1369170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Omar Kisserli
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologie, Environnement et Santé. Université Mohamed Seddik Benyahia-Jijel. BP. 98. Ouled Aïssa, Jijel (18000) –Algérie
| | - Elara Moudilou
- Université de Lyon, UMRS 449, Biologie Générale - Reproduction et Développement Comparé, Université Catholique de Lyon - EPHE/PSL, 10 place des archives, F-69288 Lyon Cedex 02, France
| | - Jean-Marie Exbrayat
- Université de Lyon, UMRS 449, Biologie Générale - Reproduction et Développement Comparé, Université Catholique de Lyon - EPHE/PSL, 10 place des archives, F-69288 Lyon Cedex 02, France
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Brun C, Raquet M, Measey G, Exbrayat J. Cyclic variation of the oviduct structure of Boulengerula taitana, an oviparous species of Gymnophiona: morphological changes, proliferation and apoptosis. AFR J HERPETOL 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/21564574.2017.1365098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Brun
- Université de Lyon, UMRS 449, Biologie générale, Reproduction et développement comparé, UCLy, EPHE/PSL, 10 place des Archives, F-69288 Lyon cedex 02, France
| | - M.A. Raquet
- Université de Lyon, UMRS 449, Biologie générale, Reproduction et développement comparé, UCLy, EPHE/PSL, 10 place des Archives, F-69288 Lyon cedex 02, France
| | - G.J. Measey
- Centre for Invasion Biology, Department of Botany and Zoology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - J.M. Exbrayat
- Université de Lyon, UMRS 449, Biologie générale, Reproduction et développement comparé, UCLy, EPHE/PSL, 10 place des Archives, F-69288 Lyon cedex 02, France
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Aknoun-Sail N, Zatra Y, Kheddache A, Moudilou E, Khammar F, Exbrayat JM, Amirat Z. Pituitary Adrenal Axis Activity in the Male Libyan Jird, Meriones libycus: Seasonal Effects and Androgen Mediated Regulation. Folia Biol (Praha) 2017. [DOI: 10.3409/fb65_2.95] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/06/2022]
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Mamou R, Moudilou E, Amroun M, Exbrayat JM. Reproductive cycle of male wall lizard, <em>Podarcis vaucheri</em> (Reptilia: Sauria: Lacertidae), in Djurdjura, Northern Algeria. bah 2017. [DOI: 10.11160/bah.77] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/06/2022]
Abstract
The reproductive cycle of male wall lizard Podarcis vaucheri (Boulenger, 1905) living in Djurdjura Mountain, was analyzed from April until October 2014. Its seasonal mixed-type cycle was characterized by three phases: sexual activity, quiescence and recrudescence. After the emergence of lizards from hibernation, an intense sexual activity was observed in spring (April, May, and June), at which the testicular weight and seminiferous tubules diameter reached their maximal values. At this period, spermiogenesis was also maximal and the spermiation allowed the release of a large quantity of spermatozoa in both the seminiferous tubules and epididymis lumen. In July, a short sexual resting period followed, during which the testes mass and seminiferous tubules diameter decreased. Spermatogonia and some primary spermatocytes were observed against the wall of seminiferous tubules. The recrudescence period (August, September and October) was characterized by a progressive increase of the testis weight and seminiferous tubules diameter. Spermatocytogenesis began in August, and spermiogenesis occurred in September and October, before the diapause period. However, the presence of spermatozoids was not signaled in the epididymis lumen. Field observations and microscopic evidence of testis showed that both sexes reproduced synchronously during spring and early summer
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Menad R, Fernini M, Smaï S, Bonnet X, Gernigon-Spychalowicz T, Moudilou E, Khammar F, Exbrayat JM. GPER1 in sand rat epididymis: Effects of seasonal variations, castration and efferent ducts ligation. Anim Reprod Sci 2017; 183:9-20. [PMID: 28688795 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2017.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Revised: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 06/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rafik Menad
- Small Vertebrates Reproduction, Laboratory of Research on Arid Areas, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Houari Boumediene University of Sciences and Technology, DZ-16111 El Alia, Algiers, Algeria; Faculty of Sciences, Department of Natural and Life Sciences, Algiers University I, Algeria.
| | - Meriem Fernini
- Small Vertebrates Reproduction, Laboratory of Research on Arid Areas, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Houari Boumediene University of Sciences and Technology, DZ-16111 El Alia, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Souaâd Smaï
- Small Vertebrates Reproduction, Laboratory of Research on Arid Areas, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Houari Boumediene University of Sciences and Technology, DZ-16111 El Alia, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Xavier Bonnet
- CEBC, UMR-7372 CNRS ULR, 79360 Villiers en Bois France
| | - Thérèse Gernigon-Spychalowicz
- Small Vertebrates Reproduction, Laboratory of Research on Arid Areas, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Houari Boumediene University of Sciences and Technology, DZ-16111 El Alia, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Elara Moudilou
- University of Lyon, UMRS 449, Laboratory of General Biology, Catholic University of Lyon, Reproduction and Comparative Development/EPHE,10 place des archives, 69002 Lyon, France
| | - Farida Khammar
- Mammal Ecophysiology, Laboratory of Research on Arid Areas, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Houari Boumediene University of Sciences and Technology, DZ-16111 El Alia, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Jean-Marie Exbrayat
- University of Lyon, UMRS 449, Laboratory of General Biology, Catholic University of Lyon, Reproduction and Comparative Development/EPHE,10 place des archives, 69002 Lyon, France.
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Ghoul A, Moudilou E, Cherifi MEH, Zerrouk F, Chaouad B, Moulahoum A, Aouichat-Bouguerra S, Othmani K, Exbrayat JM, Benazzoug Y. The role of homocysteine in seminal vesicles remodeling in rat. Folia Histochem Cytobiol 2017. [PMID: 28636071 DOI: 10.5603/fhc.a2017.0010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/06/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Elevated plasma homocysteine (Hcy) levels have been associated with several tissue injuries including heart and liver fibrosis. In these diseases, hyperhomocysteinemia (Hhcy) plays a major role in modulating the alteration of the balance between matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs), leading to the pathological accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins. Since the effect of Hhcy on ECM of seminal vesicle was not studied, the aim of our research was to check if Hcy can induce a remodeling within seminal vesicles ECM. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study was conducted in 22 adult male Wistar rats. The rats were divided into two groups: a control group, which received standard diet and tap water; the treated group received the same diet and water supplemented with solution of L-methionine (200 mg/kg b.w./day) for 6 months. Plasma homocysteine concentration was measured. Histological changes were observed with light microscope. The presence of collagen I and III and metalloproteinases (2, 3, 7 and 9) in the seminal vesicles was examined using immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. RESULTS Plasma Hcy levels increased significantly after methionine treatment and interfered significantly with body weight in treated rats. The content of fibrillar collagens (I and III) in the wall of seminal vesicles was elevated in hyperhomocysteinemic rats. Moreover, we found that hyperhomocysteinemia increased the expression of MMP-2, -3, -7 and -9 in seminal vesicles of experimental rats. CONCLUSIONS Increased plasma concentration of Hcy accompanied by the accumulation of collagen and upregulation of MMPs in rat seminal vesicles might contribute to the remodeling of seminal vesicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adel Ghoul
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology (BCM), Extracellular Matrix, Faculty of Biological Sciences (FSB), USTHB, El Alia, Algiers, Algeria, Algeria.
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Menad R, Smaï S, Bonnet X, Gernigon-Spychalowicz T, Moudilou E, Khammar F, Exbrayat JM. Seasonal variations of aromatase and estrogen receptors expression in the testis of free-ranging sand rats. Acta Histochem 2017; 119:382-391. [PMID: 28427772 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2017.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2016] [Revised: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
An increasing number of studies revealed the importance of estrogen in male reproduction. However, most research was conducted in laboratory rodents subjected to standardized environmental conditions. Therefore, seasonal regulations of estrogen pathways remain poorly understood under natural conditions. Using immunohistochemistry, the expression of several molecules involved in the functioning of testis (i.e. 17-β estradiol [E2], P450 aromatase, estrogen receptors ESR1, ESR2, and GPER1 [also known as GPR30]) were investigated in free-ranging fat sand rats, Psammomys obesus, during the breeding and resting seasons. Leydig cells showed a strong immunoreactivity for aromatase in the testis sampled during the breeding season only; however, E2, ESR1, ESR2 and GPER1 were present during both seasons. Sertoli cells showed a positive signal for E2 and ESR2 during the breeding season; though, all molecules, except GPER1, were present during the resting season. Spermatogonia were reactive for E2, ESR2 and GPER1 during the breeding season and for ESR1 and GPER1 during the resting season. During both seasons, spermatocytes-I presented a moderate reactivity for E2, ESR1, ESR2 and a strong reactivity for GPER1; aromatase was detected during the resting season only. Spermatids and spermatozoa were present exclusively during breeding season and were reactive for all molecules; except round spermatids that were negative for aromatase. The functioning of the testis depends on finely tuned stimulation and inhibition systems. Our results suggest that differential expression of aromatase, ESR1, ESR2, and GPER1 across cells types is involved in the seasonal activation/inactivation cycle of spermatogenesis in a free-ranging species.
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Kheddache A, Moudilou EN, Zatra Y, Aknoun-Sail N, Amirat Z, Exbrayat JM, Khammar F. Seasonal morphophysiological variations in the prostatic complex of the Tarabul’s gerbil ( Gerbillus tarabuli ). Tissue Cell 2017; 49:345-357. [PMID: 28162243 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2017.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2015] [Revised: 06/08/2016] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
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BOUKENAOUI-FERROUK N, MOUDILOU E, AMIRAT Z, EXBRAYAT JM, KHAMMAR F. Cezayir’in Kurak İkliminde Yetiştirilen D’Man Kuzularında Postnatal Gelişim Süresince Epididimiste Androjen Reseptörlerinin İmmunolokalizasyonu ve Morfometrik Bir Çalışma. KAFKAS UNIV VET FAK 2017. [DOI: 10.9775/kvfd.2016.17255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/06/2022] Open
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Raquet M, Brun C, Exbrayat JM. Patterns of Apoptosis and Proliferation throughout the Biennial Reproductive Cycle of Viviparous Female Typhlonectes compressicauda (Amphibia, Gymnophiona). Int J Mol Sci 2016; 18:ijms18010016. [PMID: 28025499 PMCID: PMC5297651 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18010016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Revised: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Typhlonectes compressicauda is an aquatic gymnophionan amphibian living in South America. Its breeding cycle is linked to seasons, characterized by a regular alternation of rainy and dry seasons. During a complex biennial cycle, the female genital tract undergoes a series of alternations of increasing and decreasing, governed by equilibrium of proliferation and apoptotic phenomena. Immunohistochemical methods were used to visualize cell proliferation with the detection of Ki67 antibody, a protein present in proliferative cells; terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) and Apostain were performed to detect apoptotic cells on sections of ovaries and oviducts. In ovaries, both phenomena affect the germinal nests and follicles according to the cycle period. In the oviduct, the balance was in favor of proliferation during preparation for reproduction, and in favor of apoptosis when genital ducts regress. Apoptosis and proliferation are narrowly implicated in the remodeling of the genital tract and they are accompanied by the differentiation of tissues according to the phase of the breeding cycle. These variations permit the capture of oocytes at ovulation, always at the same period, and the parturition after 6-7 months of gestation, at a period in which the newborns live with their mother, protected in burrows in the mud. During the intervening year of sexual inactivity, the female reconstitutes body reserves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel Raquet
- Laboratory of General Biology, Lyon Catholic University, UMRS 449, University of Lyon, 69288 Lyon Cedex 02, France.
- Laboratory of Reproduction and Comparative Development, Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, Paris Sciences Lettres, 69288 Lyon Cedex 02, France.
| | - Claire Brun
- Laboratory of General Biology, Lyon Catholic University, UMRS 449, University of Lyon, 69288 Lyon Cedex 02, France.
- Laboratory of Reproduction and Comparative Development, Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, Paris Sciences Lettres, 69288 Lyon Cedex 02, France.
| | - Jean-Marie Exbrayat
- Laboratory of General Biology, Lyon Catholic University, UMRS 449, University of Lyon, 69288 Lyon Cedex 02, France.
- Laboratory of Reproduction and Comparative Development, Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, Paris Sciences Lettres, 69288 Lyon Cedex 02, France.
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Madani S, Moudilou E, Exbrayat JM, Hammouche S. 17β-estradiol effect on testicular β-endorphin expression in Psammomys obesus. Folia Histochem Cytobiol 2016; 54:108-117. [PMID: 27439440 DOI: 10.5603/fhc.a2016.0013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2015] [Revised: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/06/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Testicular function in the sand rodent Psammomys obesus is subjected to seasonal alternations with a trigger of spermatogenesis in winter and a total quiescence which extends from late spring to summer. The aim of this study was to investigate the distribution of b-endorphin in the testis at the period of winter sexual activity and at its summer regression, and assess the effect of 17 β-estradiol treatment on testicular morphology and b-endorphin expression. MATERIAL AND METHODS The adult males were grouped into 4 groups (rest group, sexually active group, rest treated with 17β-estradiol group and controls at sexual rest injected with olive oil, n = 5 in each group). Using anti-serum against b-endorphin, we studied its testicular expression by Western blot and cellular location by immunohistochemical (IHC) method, respectively. RESULTS We detected by Western blot a peptide of 3.5 kDa molecular weight corresponding to b-endorphin only in sexually resting and control males. The 17β-estradiol treatment induced a clear reduction in the b-endorphin band expression compared with the latter. These results were confirmed by the IHC analysis since b-endorphin was only observed in the testis at sexual rest and in controls, in majority of seminiferous tubules at the level of germ cells. The intensity of IHC labeling was significantly different between spermatogonia and spermatocytes I or round spermatids which revealed the strongest labeling. The intense immunoreactivity was also located in Leydig cells and highly significantly varied compared to the germ cells. The 17 β-estradiol treatment decreased significantly the β-endorphin signal in germ cells but not in Leydig cells. CONCLUSION The 17β-estradiol treatment induces a repressive effect on seasonal testicular endorphinergic system in P. obesus and this action targets exclusively the germ cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Sadjia Hammouche
- Aride Area Research Laboratory, Biological Sciences Faculty, University of Sciences and Technology of Houari Boumediene, Algiers, Algeria.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. A. Raquet
- Université de Lyon, UMRS 449, Laboratoire de Biologie générale, UCLy, Reproduction et développement comparé, EPHE, 25 rue du Plat, F-69288 Lyon cedex, France
| | - G. J. Measey
- Centre for Invasion Biology, Department of Botany & Zoology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - J. M. Exbrayat
- Université de Lyon, UMRS 449, Laboratoire de Biologie générale, UCLy, Reproduction et développement comparé, EPHE, 25 rue du Plat, F-69288 Lyon cedex, France
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Bouhafs L, Moudilou EN, Exbrayat JM, Lahouel M, Idoui T. Protective effects of probioticLactobacillus plantarumBJ0021 on liver and kidney oxidative stress and apoptosis induced by endosulfan in pregnant rats. Ren Fail 2015; 37:1370-8. [PMID: 26287934 DOI: 10.3109/0886022x.2015.1073543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Leila Bouhafs
- a Department of Natural and Life Science, Faculty of Science, Laboratory of Molecular Toxicology , University of Jijel , Jijel , Algeria
| | - Elara N Moudilou
- b Laboratoire de Biologie Générale , Université de Lyon , Cedex , France
- c Laboratoire de Reproduction et Développement Comparé , Université Catholique de Lyon, Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes , Cedex , France , and
| | | | - Mesbah Lahouel
- a Department of Natural and Life Science, Faculty of Science, Laboratory of Molecular Toxicology , University of Jijel , Jijel , Algeria
| | - Tayeb Idoui
- a Department of Natural and Life Science, Faculty of Science, Laboratory of Molecular Toxicology , University of Jijel , Jijel , Algeria
- d Laboratory of Biotechnology, Environment and Health, Faculty of Science , University of Jijel , Algeria
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Abstract
Since several years nanoparticles (NPs) are produced by industries and used in several fields of activities. They are finally found in aquatic and terrestrial environments, where they are ingested by living organisms in which they accumulate, before being eliminated. In organisms, NPs represent foreign elements with their own physicochemical properties due to their small size. So NPs may interfere with the normal physiological mechanisms of the embryos, growing animals, and adults, and it is indispensable to understand their potentially direct or indirect harmful effects on living organisms. It has been already shown that NPs could be toxic to bacteria, algae, invertebrates, and vertebrates. In this review, several examples of recent studies are given. We will examine successively the effects of NPs on terrestrial and semiaquatic and aquatic vertebrate and invertebrate animals.
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Benmouloud A, Amirat Z, Khammar F, Patchev AV, Exbrayat JM, Almeida OF. Androgen receptor-mediated regulation of adrenocortical activity in the sand rat, Psammomys obesus. J Comp Physiol B 2014; 184:1055-63. [PMID: 25179180 DOI: 10.1007/s00360-014-0859-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2014] [Revised: 08/13/2014] [Accepted: 08/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The wild sand rat, Psammomys obesus, displays seasonal variations in adrenocortical activity that parallel those of testicular activity, indicating functional cross-talk between the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal and hypothalamo-pituitary-gonadal axes. In the present study, we examined androgen receptor (AR)-mediated actions of testicular steroids in the regulation of adrenocortical function in the sand rat. Specifically, we examined the expression of AR in the adrenal cortex, as well as adrenal apoptosis in male sand rats that had been surgically castrated or castrated and supplemented with testosterone; biochemical indices of adrenocortical function and hormone profiles were also measured. Orchiectomy was followed by an increase in adrenocorticotropic hormone secretion from the anterior pituitary and subsequently, increased adrenocortical activity; the latter was evidenced by orchiectomy-induced increases in the adrenal content of cholesterol and lipids as well as adrenal hypertrophy (seen as an elevation of the RNA/DNA ratio). Further, androgen deprivation respectively up- and downregulated the incidence of apoptosis within the glucocorticoid-producing zona fasciculata and sex steroid-producing zona reticularis. Interestingly, orchiectomy resulted in increased expression of AR in the zona fasciculata. All of the orchiectomy-induced cellular and biochemical responses were reversible after testosterone substitution therapy. Together, these data suggest that adrenocortical activity in the sand rat is seasonally modulated by testicular androgens that act through AR located in the adrenal cortex itself.
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Menad R, Smaï S, Moudilou E, Khammar F, Exbrayat JM, Gernigon-Spychalowicz T. Immunolocalization of estrogen and androgen receptors in the caput epididymidis of the fat sand rat (Psammomys obesus): Effects of seasonal variations, castration and efferent duct ligation. Acta Histochem 2014; 116:559-69. [PMID: 24360974 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2013.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2013] [Revised: 11/10/2013] [Accepted: 11/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
The fat sand rat (Psammomys obesus) is a model to study seasonal reproductive cycle changes and several metabolic disorders. In order to show a possible involvement of estrogens in the male reproductive functions, the expression of estrogen receptors (ESR1 and ESR2) and androgen receptor (AR) were investigated in the caput epididymidis of fat sand rats during the breeding season, resting season, after castration, after castration followed by testosterone treatment, and after ligation of efferent ducts. In the breeding season, principal cells presented a strong immunostaining of AR in both nuclei and cytoplasm, a strong staining of ESR1, mainly in the apical zone, and a strong immunoexpression of ESR2, mainly in nuclei. In the resting season, a moderate immunostaining of AR in both cytoplasm and nuclei was observed. ESR1 staining showed a strong immunoreactivity in the nuclei. In contrast, the nuclei were negative for ESR2. After castration, a low and selective signal distribution was observed: the nuclei were moderately positive for AR and ESR2, and negative for ESR1. After castration and testosterone treatment, an androgen-dependence for AR and the restoration of ESR1 but not ESR2 immunoexpression were observed. After ligation of the efferent ducts, a considerable reduction of AR immunoreactivity was observed in contrast to ESR1 and ESR2, which gave a strong immunostaining signal. These results illustrate the complexity of the regulation of the androgen and estrogen receptor expression in the epididymis and argue for the coexistence of both androgenic and estrogenic pathways.
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Brun C, Moudilou E, Bouchot C, Abrouk-Vérot L, Exbrayat JM. Relationships between calpains and glutamate- or kainate-induced apoptosis in Xenopus laevis tadpoles. Folia Histochem Cytobiol 2014; 51:300-11. [PMID: 24497135 DOI: 10.5603/fhc.2013.0041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2014] [Accepted: 02/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell glutamate-damage induced by overstimulation of ionotropic receptors is initiated by modification of the intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis and the concomitant activation of Ca2+-dependent cysteine proteases, the calpain and caspase families. The resultant cleavage of target molecules mediates a critical function in the execution of the cell death. In this work, we investigated relationships between the activity of calpain and glutamate-orkainate-induced apoptosis in several organs of Xenopus laevis tadpole. Animals (stage 48) were incubated for 3 hours with glutamate (30-120 mM) or kainate (0.015-0.75 mM) and the rise of both apoptosis and calpain was observed in several organs. Our results indicated that glutamate (120 mM) or kainate (0.15 mM) exposure induced cell death with apoptotic features. The toxic effects of drugs into the organs were variable. Apoptosis was probably not the only form of cell death and option of necrosis or apoptosis was depending on the stimulation degree of the receptor, i.e. the receptor type, intensity and time course of molecule exposure. The increase of ubiquitous calpain was not correlated with the peak of apoptosis, suggesting the role of calpain in cell death was complex: calpain and caspase pathways were tightly interrelated in the glutamate- or kainate-induced cell death and the contribution of calpain to another type of death than apoptosis was perhaps preferred.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Jean-Marie Exbrayat
- Université de Lyon, UMRS 449, Laboratoire de Biologie générale, Université Catholique de Lyon, Laboratoire de Reproduction et Développement Comparé, EPHE, Lyon, France.
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Kaci-Ouchfoun N, Izemrane D, Boudrissa A, Gernigon T, Khammar F, Exbrayat JM. Transgelin: an androgen-dependent protein identified in the seminal vesicles of three Saharan rodents. Theriogenology 2013; 80:748-57. [PMID: 23906482 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2013.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2012] [Revised: 06/22/2013] [Accepted: 06/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/06/2022]
Abstract
During the breeding season, a major androgen-dependent protein with an apparent molecular weight of 21 kDa was isolated and purified from the seminal vesicles of three Saharan rodents (MLVSP21 from Meriones libycus, MSVSP21 from Meriones shawi, and MCVSP21 from Meriones crassus). The 21-kDa protein was isolated and purified from soluble seminal vesicle proteins of homogenate by one-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). Using polyclonal antibodies directed against POSVP21 (Psammomys obesus seminal vesicles protein of 21 kDa), a major androgen-dependent secretory protein from sand rat seminal vesicles, identified previously as transgelin, we showed an immunological homology with POSVP21 by immunoblotting. These three major androgen-dependent proteins with a same apparent molecular weight of 21 kDa designated as MLVSP21 (Meriones libycus seminal vesicles protein of 21 kDa), MSVSP21 (Meriones shawi seminal vesicles protein of 21 kDa), and MCVSP21 (Meriones crassus seminal vesicles protein of 21 kDa) were localized by immunohistochemistry and identified by applying a proteomic approach. Our results indicated that the isolated proteins MLSVP21, MSSVP21, and MCSVP21 seem to correspond to the same protein: the transgelin. So that transgelin can be used as a specific marker of these rodent physiological reproduction mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naïma Kaci-Ouchfoun
- Laboratory of Arid Areas, Biological Sciences Institute, USTHB, Algiers, Algeria.
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Smaï-Hamdidouche S, Gernigon-Spychalowicz T, Khammar F, Exbrayat JM. Ovarian function of the Algerian wild Libyan jird, Meriones libycus during seasonal reproductive cycle: histological and immunohistochemical expression. Histol Histopathol 2012; 28:101-14. [PMID: 23233063 DOI: 10.14670/hh-28.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/06/2022]
Abstract
Meriones libycus (Libyan jird), a nocturnal Saharan rodent, is characterized by a seasonal reproductive cycle with a short active phase (spring and early summer) and a long resting period (late summer, autumn, winter). Histological and immunohistochemical techniques were performed in order to study the seasonal variations in mature ovaries. During the breeding season, the ovary showed a continuous cyclical activity, the various stages of folliculogenesis from primordial to preovulatory follicles were observed; broken follicles and corpora lutea were also observed. During sexual quiescence, the ovarian cycle was interrupted; anovulation was observed without any corpus luteum. Non mature antral follicles entered the atretic process. Steroid and steroidogenic enzyme activities were studied using indirect immunohistochemistry. 17β-estradiol, progesterone, testosterone hormones and P450 aromatase (P450 arom) were detected in the different components of the ovary and in various stages of healthy and atretic follicles during the seasonal reproductive cycle. Our results indicate that during ovarian folliculogenesis in breeding season steroids hormone and P450 arom present important activities. In comparison with the resting period, steroidogenesis and steroidogenic enzyme activity became less pronounced in the healthy preantral follicle; it seemed that steroid biosynthesis was reduced and could be involved in the stimulation and maintenance of the ovarian structural integrity in early follicle development. In conclusion, the histological and immunohistochemical seasonal variations of ovaries in Meriones libycus support the hypothesis that seasonal fluctuations are indirectly involved in regulating reproduction, inducing significant changes in both ovarian morphology and its hormonal function.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Smaï-Hamdidouche
- Small Vertebrates Reproduction, University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Laboratory of Research on Arid Areas, El Alia, Algeria.
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Hammouche SB, Remana S, Exbrayat JM. Immunolocalization of hepatic estrogen and progesterone receptors in the female lizard Uromastyx acanthinura. C R Biol 2012; 335:445-53. [PMID: 22847011 DOI: 10.1016/j.crvi.2012.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2012] [Revised: 05/14/2012] [Accepted: 06/12/2012] [Indexed: 12/06/2022]
Abstract
The hormonal regulation of hepatic synthesis of vitellogenin during the annual reproductive cycle was performed for the first time in the deserticole, oviparous, diurnal and herbivorous Uromastyx acanthinura, a lizard belonging to the Agamidae family. In order to elucidate what kind of estrogen receptor is involved in this process, an immunohistochemical study was performed. Changes were obtained in the labeling and cellular distribution of the estrogen and progesterone receptors according to the period of the reproductive cycle and the experimental administration of 17β-estradiol. Only the ERβ subtype was present; it was found in all phases of the cycle with a variable localization: nuclear and cytosolic during vitellogenesis, mainly cytosolic in the female with egg retention (luteal phase) and strictly cytosolic in females at sexual rest. The progesterone receptors were present only at the luteal phase and during sexual rest and disappeared completely from females after 17β-estradiol treatment in sexual rest. Our data suggested that mediation of action of the 17β-estradiol in the vitellogenin synthesis in the lizard U. acanthinura occured via ERβ. PRA and PRB could both be necessary for the negative effect of progesterone on the hepatic synthesis of vitellogenin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadjia Benmansour Hammouche
- Aride Area Research Laboratory, Biological Sciences Faculty, University of Sciences and Technology of Houari Boumediene, USTHB, Algiers, Algeria.
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Boukenaoui N, Moudilou E, Chevalier C, Amirat Z, Exbrayat JM, Khammar F. Postnatal changes in testicular development and androgen receptors immunolocalization in D’Man ram lambs. Folia Histochem Cytobiol 2012. [DOI: 10.5603/fhc.2012.0005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/06/2022] Open
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Chevalier C, de Conto C, Exbrayat JM. Reproductive biology of the endangered percid Zingel asper in captivity: a histological description of the male reproductive cycle. Folia Histochem Cytobiol 2011; 49:486-96. [PMID: 22038230 DOI: 10.5603/fhc.2011.0069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The endemic Rhodanian percid Zingel asper (Linnaeus, 1758), is usually found throughout the Rhône basin, but this fish is now in sharp decline. Understanding its reproductive physiology is important so as to be able to artificially control its reproduction with a view to re-introducing it. This study was carried out on a population obtained by artificial fertilization and bred in external tanks. Fishes were observed from the juvenile stages through to adulthood. Patterns of testicular development were defined from histological observations. Testes of Z. asper were paired, elongated and fusiform dorsocaudal organs. The two lobes of each gonad joined together to form a duct that extended to the urogenital papillae. They showed a lobular structure. The testicular lobules were of the unrestricted spermatogonial type. Up to 10 months-old, most of the males were immature: their testes showed only type A spermatogonia. The appearance of type B spermatogonia in the lobules of a testis indicated the beginning of spermatogenesis in 10 months-old fish. Spermiogenesis occurred 24 months after the fertilization and, in 26 months-old fish, the cyst opened and released spermatozoa into the lumen of lobules. The spermiation belonged to a cystic type. During the third year, histological observations pointed to the same evolution of adult gonads as during the second year. Sexual maturity was reached in captive Z. asper after two years. The spawning occurred in May in the breeding conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Chevalier
- University of Lyon, General Biology Laboratory, UCLy, Laboratory of Reproduction and Comparative Development, EPHE, Lyon, France.
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Lapied E, Nahmani JY, Moudilou E, Chaurand P, Labille J, Rose J, Exbrayat JM, Oughton DH, Joner EJ. Ecotoxicological effects of an aged TiO2 nanocomposite measured as apoptosis in the anecic earthworm Lumbricus terrestris after exposure through water, food and soil. Environment International 2011; 37:1105-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2011.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2010] [Accepted: 01/15/2011] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Moudilou EN, Mouterfi N, Exbrayat JM, Brun C. Calpains expression during Xenopus laevis development. Tissue Cell 2010; 42:275-81. [PMID: 20828774 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2010.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2010] [Revised: 06/28/2010] [Accepted: 07/01/2010] [Indexed: 12/06/2022]
Abstract
Calpains are cytoplasmic proteases activated by calcium, implicated in cell differentiation and apoptosis. The best characterized enzymes are calpains 1-3. The aim of this work was to localize calpains 1-3 during the development of Xenopus laevis in order to clarify the function of these three proteases. For the first time, we detected the localization of the three proteases at the protein level between one-cell stage and adult age. Their expression was weak at early stages, then increased at tadpole stage and decreased through metamorphosis and adult life. The calpain's expression was maximal during the period characterized by the appearance of organs and modelling process. These observations suggest that calpains play a crucial role during development.
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Affiliation(s)
- E N Moudilou
- Université de Lyon, UMRS 449, Laboratoire de Biologie Générale, Université Catholique de Lyon, Reproduction et développement comparés, EPHE, 25 Rue du Plat, F-69288 Lyon Cedex 02, France
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Lapied E, Moudilou E, Exbrayat JM, Oughton DH, Joner EJ. Silver nanoparticle exposure causes apoptotic response in the earthworm Lumbricus terrestris (Oligochaeta). Nanomedicine (Lond) 2010; 5:975-84. [PMID: 20735231 DOI: 10.2217/nnm.10.58] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
In terrestrial ecotoxicology there is a serious lack of data for potential hazards posed by engineered nanoparticles (ENPs). This is partly due to complex interactions between ENPs and the soil matrix, but also to the lack of suitable toxicological end points in organisms that are exposed to ENPs in a relevant manner. Earthworms are key organisms in terrestrial ecosystems, but so far only physiological end points of low sensitivity have been used in ecotoxicity studies with ENPs. We exposed the earthworm Lumbricus terrestris to silver nanoparticles and measured their impact on apoptosis in different tissues. Increased apoptotic activity was detected in a range of tissues both at acute and sublethal concentrations (down to 4 mg/kg soil). Comparing exposure in water and soil showed reduced bioavailability in soil reflected in the apoptotic response. Apoptosis appears to be a sensitive end point and potentially a powerful tool for quantifying environmental hazards of ENPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Lapied
- Bioforsk Soil & Environment, Fredrik A Dahls vei 20, N-1432 Ås, Norway
| | - Elara Moudilou
- Laboratoire de Biologie Générale, UCL, Laboratoire de Reproduction et Développement Comparé, EPHE, UMRS 449, Université de Lyon, 25 rue du Plat, F-69288 Lyon Cedex 02, France
| | - Jean-Marie Exbrayat
- Laboratoire de Biologie Générale, UCL, Laboratoire de Reproduction et Développement Comparé, EPHE, UMRS 449, Université de Lyon, 25 rue du Plat, F-69288 Lyon Cedex 02, France
| | - Deborah Helen Oughton
- Department of Plant & Environmental Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, PO Box 5003, N-1432 Ås, Norway
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Belhocine M, Gernigon-Spychalowicz T, Jacob MP, Benazzoug Y, Exbrayat JM. Immunoexpression of gelatinase (MMP-2 and MMP-9) in the seminal vesicles and ventral prostate of Libyan jird (Meriones libycus) during the seasonal cycle of reproduction. Histol Histopathol 2010; 25:619-36. [PMID: 20238300 DOI: 10.14670/hh-25.619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/06/2022]
Abstract
An immunohistochemical study of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-2 and MMP-9) or gelatinase (gelatinase A and gelatinase B) was performed on the seminal vesicles and ventral prostate of the Libyan jird (Meriones libycus) collected in the Beni-Abbes area during breeding period (spring and early summer), during resting phase (late summer, autumn, winter) and from castrated animals in the spring. The work was done using the indirect immunohistochemistry protocol by amplification with streptavidin-biotin-peroxidase and AEC as chromogen. In the seminal vesicles, during the breeding period, an important immunohistochemical signal of MMP-2 and MMP-9 was observed in epithelial cells and smooth muscle cells (SMC) without any immunoexpression in the extracellular matrix (ECM) and secretion. During resting phase and in thirty days castrated Meriones libycus, the MMP-2 and MMP-9 immunoexpression was weak in the epithelial cells and persisted with the same intensity in the SMC. The ECM, with no immunostaining in active season, showed a pronounced immunoresponse of both the two gelatinase. Three days after castration, the MMP-9 immunohistochemical reaction in epithelial cells and SMC was as intense as during active season. A prolonged castration of 50 and 90 days resulted in the maintenance of the MMP-9 immunostaining in epithelial cells and SMC and its disappearance from the ECM, suggesting a slow process of regression. During the breeding period, in the ventral prostate, MMP-2 immunostaining was more important in the SMC than in epithelial cells. The MMP-9 immunoexpression pattern was the opposite, the epithelial cells showed a higher immunoreaction than SMC. ECM and secretion lacked MMP-2 and MMP-9 immunostaining. The ventral prostate lumen contained a granular secretion without any gelatinase immunolabelling and was hollowed by empty circular forms reflecting the disappearance of the product in these areas. Part of the secretion showed a positive MMP-2 and MMP-9 immunoreaction. The latter was subsequently filled and seemed involved in the progression of the secretion in the tubules, preventing their filling. In resting phase and in animals castrated since thirty days, the immunoreactivity of both the two gelatinases was maintained in the epithelial cells and in the SMC, and was absent in the ECM. The gelatinases are involved in the seasonal reproductive cycle of Meriones libycus.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Belhocine
- Department of Agronomic Sciences, Faculty of Exact Sciences and of Natural and Life Sciences, Abdelhamid Ibn Badis University, Mostaganem, Algeria.
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Boubekri A, Gernigon-Spychalowicz T, Khammar F, Exbrayat JM. Morphometry and immunohistochemistry of follicles growth and steroidogenesis in saharian wild sand rat, Psammomys obesus, ovary. Folia Histochem Cytobiol 2009; 47:S59-66. [PMID: 20067896 DOI: 10.2478/v10042-009-0055-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The sand rat (Psammomys obesus) constitutes a model to study seasonal changes and several metabolic disorders. In order to perform breeding laboratory conditions, the reproductive function of this species living in North Occidental Algerian Sahara was studied. The aim of this work was to investigate the follicular growth changes and the steroidogenic associated aspects. The study was performed using morphometrical and immunohistochemical methods. From primordial to preantral states, the follicle diameter increased progressively from 17-20 mum to 192-225 mum. The preovulatory follicles reached about 500 mum in diameter. Immunoreactivity to progesterone, androstenediol and estradiol, varied in the different parts of the ovary and follicular cells. The progesterone antibody appeared clearly labelled in the theca interna of the growing follicle and increased in the granulosa; the androgen antibody was continuously weak and diffuses in all follicles; the estradiol labelling appeared weak and diffuse in preantral follicles then increased in antral follicles in both theca and granulosa or only in granulosa. In antral follicles, estradiol label was clearly localized in granulosa cells and totally devoid in theca cells. In Psammomys ovary, labels of hormone were diffuse or localized, weak or intense in the theca and or in the granulosa according to the follicle size.
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Hammouche S, Gernigon T, Exbrayat JM. Correlation between ovarian steroidogenesis and beta-endorphin in the Lizard Uromastyx acanthinura: Immunohistochemical approach. Folia Histochem Cytobiol 2010; 47. [PMID: 20067902 DOI: 10.2478/v10042-009-0050-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/06/2022] Open
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Barka-Dahane Z, Bendjelloul M, Estabel J, Exbrayat JM. The distribution of vasotocin and mesotocin immunoreactivity in the hypothalamic magnocellular neurosecretory nuclei of the Saharan herbivorous lizard, Uromastix acanthinurus Bell, 1825 (Sauria-Agamidae). Histol Histopathol 2009; 25:159-75. [PMID: 20017103 DOI: 10.14670/hh-25.159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/06/2022]
Abstract
An immunohistochemical study of the magnocellular neurosecretory nuclei was performed in the hypothalamus of the desert lizard Uromastix acanthinurus using polyclonal antibodies against arginine vasotocin (AVT), mesotocin (MST) and neurophysins I and II (NpI, NpII). AVT- and MST-immunoreactivities were localized in individual neurons of the supraoptic, periventricular, and paraventricular nuclei and in scattered neurosecretory cells. The supraoptic nuclei (SONs) can be subdivided into rostral, medial and caudal portions. The rostral portion of the SONs was called the SON-ventral aggregation (V SON) because the neurosecretory neurons are present in the ventral part of the hypothalamus along the optic chiasma (OC). Their perikarya and fibres were only AVT-ir. The medial part of the SONs was constituted of two clusters of neurosecretory neurons located in the two lateral ends of the OC to form the SON-lateral aggregations (L SON). In the caudal end of the last one, some MST-ir perikarya appeared. The caudal part of the SONs was constituted of a dorso-lateral aggregation (D SON) of ir-neurons spreading over the lateral forebrain bundle (LFB). AVT- and MST- perikarya were observed in this caudal portion of the SONs, AVT-ir neurons being more numerous. AVTergic and MSTergic magnocellular neurons were present in the periventricular nuclei (PeVNs). Parvocellular and magnocellular AVT- and MST-ir were observed in the paraventricular nuclei (PVNs). The fibres emerging from the magnocellular neurons which belong to these nuclei and the scattered cells ran along the hypothalamic floor and entered the median eminence (ME) to end in the neural lobe of hypophysis. As a rule, immunoreactivity was also observed in all the regions of the forebrain with vasotocinergic and mesotocinergic perikarya and fibres. The immunoreactive distribution was similar to that described in other reptiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohra Barka-Dahane
- Laboratory of Biology and Physiology of Organisms, Neurobiology team, El Alia, Alger, Algéria
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Raquet M, Exbrayat J. Embryonic Development of the Hypophysis and Thyroid Gland in Typhlonectes Compressicauda (Duméril and Bibron, 1841), Amphibia, Gymnophiona. J HERPETOL 2007; 41:703-12. [DOI: 10.1670/06-012.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/06/2022]
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46
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Belhocine M, Gernigon-Spychalowicz T, Robert AM, Schoevaert D, Bennazzoug Y, Exbrayat JM. Ecophysiological responses of the seminal vesicle of Libyan jird (Meriones libycus) to the Saharan conditions: histological, morphometric and immunohistochemical analysis. Histol Histopathol 2007; 22:603-15. [PMID: 17357090 DOI: 10.14670/hh-22.603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/06/2022]
Abstract
The Libyan jird (Meriones libycus) is a nocturnal Saharan Rodent submitted to a seasonal cycle of reproduction characterized by a short active period during spring and beginning of summer, and a long phase of sexual quiescence from the end of summer until the end of winter. During this cycle, the male reproductive organs, and more particularly seminal vesicles, experience some important weight and histological variations. During the breeding period, the wall of each seminal vesicle describes several folds radiating inside a broad lumen filled with a very abundant secretion. The wall is limited with high columnar epithelial cells surrounded with extracellular matrix restricted to some connnective fibres located in the narrow axis of the folds and in the chorion. The fibro-muscular wall is narrow. During sexual quiescence, the seminal vesicles regress. No secretion has been observed inside the lumen. The wall of lumen is now surrounded with a single cubic epithelium. The persistent epithelial folds possess a wide axis. The hypertrophied extracellular matrix is constituted with a very tight and abundant connective tissue. The fibro-muscular wall is thick. A quantitative morphometric study was performed with automatic image analysis that allowed to quantify the seasonal variations of the histological components. The numerical values obtained agree with the histological images observed, the epithelial surface area (microm2) is high in spring and significantly weak during sexual quiescence. The stroma and the fibro-muscular wall occupy an important surface area on sections during the resting period compared with the value collected during the active phase. The study of the apoptosis by TUNEL method revealed the presence of a considerable number of apoptotic nuclei in the epithelial fraction during the resting phase. The indirect immunohistochemical method allowed us to visualize the presence of types I and III collagen in the extracellular matrix, weak during the period of breeding, intense and diffuse during the resting season like in castrated Meriones libycus.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Belhocine
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences et Techniques de Production Animale, Département des Sciences Agronomiques, Faculté des Sciences et Sciences de l'ingénieur, Université Abdelhamid Ibn Badiss-Mostaganem, Algérie.
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Hammouche S, Gernigon T, Exbrayat JM. Immunocytochemical localization and ultrastructural study of gonadotroph cells in the female desert lizard Uromastyx acanthinura. Tissue Cell 2007; 39:13-25. [PMID: 17098269 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2006.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/06/2022]
Abstract
The pars distalis from the pituitary gland of adult female desert lizards (Uromastyx acanthinura), captured during vitellogenesis (late may) and hivernal period, was studied with immunocytochemical methods using specific antisera against human FSH (hFSH) and LH (hLH). The immunostaining with anti-hLH and anti-hFSH allowed the identification of only FSH-like containing cells. The FSH-like immunoreactive cells were affected differently by a physiological stage and showed some heterogenous cytological characteristics. During vitellogenesis, four aspects of rostral FSH-like immunoreactive cells could be recognized. The expression of FSH-like in mainly immunoreactive cells was parallel to an intense synthetic activity and to the presence of ultrastructural features indicating an intense release of the hormone. This release was considerably altered in winter, the immunoreactive cells stored an important amount of secretion granules which increased in size and undergo a crinophagic process.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Hammouche
- Laboratoire de Recherche des Zones Arides de la Faculté des Sciences Biologiques, Université des Sciences et de la Technologie Houari Boumediene, BP 32 El-Alia, DZ-16111 Algiers, Algeria
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Bleyzac P, Cordier G, Exbrayat J. Morphological Description of Embryonic Development of Immune Organs in Typhlonectes compressicauda (Amphibia, Gymnophiona). J HERPETOL 2005; 39:57-65. [DOI: 10.1670/0022-1511(2005)039[0057:mdoedo]2.0.co;2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/06/2022]
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Abstract
The adaptive immune system (AIS) appears exclusively at the vertebrate ones with jaw. In parallel, the lymphoid tissu associated with the digestive tract, or GALT (gut associated lymphoïd tissu), seems to play an essential part in the development of this response immune with memory. That one could find its origin in the innate immune system of the invertebrates and closer the cyclostomes (vertebrates without jaws). But the transition is brutal since the chondrychtyens (lines, sharks) do have the AIS but the cyclostomes not. Moreover, it is still enigmatic and source of speculations. The gnathostomes (vertebrate with jaw) raise ancestral and adaptive innate defences of which acquisition will be discussed here. We will also discuss the consequences of integration in the genome by rag1 and rag2 genes (recombination activating genes).
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Bleyzac
- Laboratoire de biologie générale, Université catholique de Lyon, Ecole pratique des hautes études, 25, rue du Plat, 69288 Lyon Cedex 02, France
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De Coninck J, Leclercq B, Exbrayat JM, Duyme F. Factorial designs: an efficient approach to choosing the main factors influencing growth and hydrolase production by Tetrahymena thermophila. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2004; 31:204-8. [PMID: 15221666 DOI: 10.1007/s10295-004-0135-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2003] [Accepted: 03/08/2004] [Indexed: 12/06/2022]
Abstract
A fractional factorial design with eight trials was applied to select and model the effects of major factors, individually and in combination, on improving Tetrahymena thermophila growth and enzyme production. Regulated pH at 6.8 and olive oil at 0.5% (v/v) showed positive effects on fermentation, and increased cell growth parameters including generation time and maximal population formation. Lipase and protease production were also improved by these factors and were favoured by cultivation of Tetrahymena in darkness. This statistical experiment offers a beneficial and rapid screening procedure to select the most effective combination of factors influencing fermentation processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- J De Coninck
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie des Fermentations, Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture, 41 rue du Port, 59046 Lille Cedex, France.
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