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Sirico F, Romano V, Sacco AM, Belviso I, Didonna V, Nurzynska D, Castaldo C, Palermi S, Sannino G, Della Valle E, Montagnani S, Di Meglio F. Effect of Video Observation and Motor Imagery on Simple Reaction Time in Cadet Pilots. J Funct Morphol Kinesiol 2020; 5:E89. [PMID: 33467304 PMCID: PMC7739276 DOI: 10.3390/jfmk5040089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Revised: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] [Imported: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuromotor training can improve motor performance in athletes and patients. However, few data are available about their effect on reaction time (RT). We investigated the influence of video observation/motor imagery (VO/MI) on simple RT to visual and auditory stimuli. The experimental group comprised 21 cadets who performed VO/MI training over 4 weeks. Nineteen cadets completed a sham intervention as control. The main outcome measure was RT to auditory and visual stimuli for the upper and lower limbs. The RT to auditory stimuli improved significantly post-intervention in both groups (control vs. experimental mean change for upper limbs: -40 ms vs. -40 ms, p = 0.0008; for lower limbs: -50 ms vs. -30 ms, p = 0.0174). A trend towards reduced RT to visual stimuli was observed (for upper limbs: -30 ms vs. -20 ms, p = 0.0876; for lower limbs: -30 ms vs. -20 ms, p = 0.0675). The interaction term was not significant. Only the specific VO/MI training produced a linear correlation between the improvement in the RT to auditory and visual stimuli for the upper (r = 0.703) and lower limbs (r = 0.473). In conclusion, VO/MI training does not improve RT when compared to control, but it may be useful in individuals who need to simultaneously develop a fast response to different types of stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felice Sirico
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (V.R.); (A.M.S.); (I.B.); (D.N.); (C.C.); (S.P.); (G.S.); (E.D.V.); (S.M.); (F.D.M.)
| | - Veronica Romano
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (V.R.); (A.M.S.); (I.B.); (D.N.); (C.C.); (S.P.); (G.S.); (E.D.V.); (S.M.); (F.D.M.)
| | - Anna Maria Sacco
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (V.R.); (A.M.S.); (I.B.); (D.N.); (C.C.); (S.P.); (G.S.); (E.D.V.); (S.M.); (F.D.M.)
| | - Immacolata Belviso
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (V.R.); (A.M.S.); (I.B.); (D.N.); (C.C.); (S.P.); (G.S.); (E.D.V.); (S.M.); (F.D.M.)
| | | | - Daria Nurzynska
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (V.R.); (A.M.S.); (I.B.); (D.N.); (C.C.); (S.P.); (G.S.); (E.D.V.); (S.M.); (F.D.M.)
| | - Clotilde Castaldo
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (V.R.); (A.M.S.); (I.B.); (D.N.); (C.C.); (S.P.); (G.S.); (E.D.V.); (S.M.); (F.D.M.)
| | - Stefano Palermi
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (V.R.); (A.M.S.); (I.B.); (D.N.); (C.C.); (S.P.); (G.S.); (E.D.V.); (S.M.); (F.D.M.)
| | - Giuseppe Sannino
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (V.R.); (A.M.S.); (I.B.); (D.N.); (C.C.); (S.P.); (G.S.); (E.D.V.); (S.M.); (F.D.M.)
| | - Elisabetta Della Valle
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (V.R.); (A.M.S.); (I.B.); (D.N.); (C.C.); (S.P.); (G.S.); (E.D.V.); (S.M.); (F.D.M.)
| | - Stefania Montagnani
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (V.R.); (A.M.S.); (I.B.); (D.N.); (C.C.); (S.P.); (G.S.); (E.D.V.); (S.M.); (F.D.M.)
| | - Franca Di Meglio
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (V.R.); (A.M.S.); (I.B.); (D.N.); (C.C.); (S.P.); (G.S.); (E.D.V.); (S.M.); (F.D.M.)
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Błyszczuk P, Zuppinger C, Costa A, Nurzynska D, Di Meglio F, Stellato M, Agarkova I, Smith GL, Distler O, Kania G. Activated Cardiac Fibroblasts Control Contraction of Human Fibrotic Cardiac Microtissues by a β-Adrenoreceptor-Dependent Mechanism. Cells 2020; 9:cells9051270. [PMID: 32443848 PMCID: PMC7290967 DOI: 10.3390/cells9051270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Revised: 05/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] [Imported: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis represents a serious clinical problem. Development of novel treatment strategies is currently restricted by the lack of the relevant experimental models in a human genetic context. In this study, we fabricated self-aggregating, scaffold-free, 3D cardiac microtissues using human inducible pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived cardiomyocytes and human cardiac fibroblasts. Fibrotic condition was obtained by treatment of cardiac microtissues with profibrotic cytokine transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1), preactivation of foetal cardiac fibroblasts with TGF-β1, or by the use of cardiac fibroblasts obtained from heart failure patients. In our model, TGF-β1 effectively induced profibrotic changes in cardiac fibroblasts and in cardiac microtissues. Fibrotic phenotype of cardiac microtissues was inhibited by treatment with TGF-β-receptor type 1 inhibitor SD208 in a dose-dependent manner. We observed that fibrotic cardiac microtissues substantially increased the spontaneous beating rate by shortening the relaxation phase and showed a lower contraction amplitude. Instead, no changes in action potential profile were detected. Furthermore, we demonstrated that contraction of human cardiac microtissues could be modulated by direct electrical stimulation or treatment with the β-adrenergic receptor agonist isoproterenol. However, in the absence of exogenous agonists, the β-adrenoreceptor blocker nadolol decreased beating rate of fibrotic cardiac microtissues by prolonging relaxation time. Thus, our data suggest that in fibrosis, activated cardiac fibroblasts could promote cardiac contraction rate by a direct stimulation of β-adrenoreceptor signalling. In conclusion, a model of fibrotic cardiac microtissues can be used as a high-throughput model for drug testing and to study cellular and molecular mechanisms of cardiac fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Przemysław Błyszczuk
- Center of Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Zurich, Wagistr. 14, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland; (M.S.); (O.D.)
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-663 Cracow, Poland
- Correspondence: (P.B.); (G.K.)
| | - Christian Zuppinger
- Department for BioMedical Research, Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Bern, 3008 Bern, Switzerland;
| | - Ana Costa
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK; (A.C.); (G.S.)
| | - Daria Nurzynska
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (D.N.); (F.D.M.)
| | - Franca Di Meglio
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (D.N.); (F.D.M.)
| | - Mara Stellato
- Center of Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Zurich, Wagistr. 14, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland; (M.S.); (O.D.)
| | | | - Godfrey L. Smith
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK; (A.C.); (G.S.)
| | - Oliver Distler
- Center of Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Zurich, Wagistr. 14, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland; (M.S.); (O.D.)
| | - Gabriela Kania
- Center of Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Zurich, Wagistr. 14, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland; (M.S.); (O.D.)
- Correspondence: (P.B.); (G.K.)
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Sirico F, Palermi S, Gambardella F, Capuano E, Ferrari U, Baioccato V, Castaldo C, Di Meglio F, Nurzynska D. Ankle Brachial Index in Different Types of Popliteal Artery Entrapment Syndrome: A Systematic Review of Case Reports. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8122071. [PMID: 31779142 PMCID: PMC6947277 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8122071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] [Imported: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Similar to other peripheral artery diseases, vessel narrowing in popliteal artery entrapment syndrome (PAES) reduces the ankle brachial index (ABI). Since the PAES is related to several anatomical or functional variations, we sought to determine if the ABI was correlated with the type of syndrome. Through a systematic review of literature, we identified case reports and series in which the diagnosis of PAES was accompanied by ABI measurement. Twenty-seven studies included in the qualitative synthesis described 87 limbs. The most common types of the syndrome were those caused by an abnormal medial head of the gastrocnemius (type II, n = 35, 40.23%) and aberrant course of the popliteal artery (type I, n = 20, 22.99%). The variation of plantaris muscle (n = 7, 8.05%) is currently not included in the classification system. The median value of ABI was 0.87 (interquartile range (IQR) = 0.6–1.0). There were no differences among types of syndrome (F = 0.13, p = 0.72). In conclusion, despite clinical recommendations, the ABI remains underused in PAES diagnosis. No correlation was detected between the index score and type of syndrome. The cases of PAES involving structures other than the gastrocnemius or popliteus muscle suggest the need to revisit the current clinical classification system.
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Nurzynska D, Iruegas ME, Castaldo C, Müller-Best P, Di Meglio F. Application of biotechnology in myocardial regeneration-tissue engineering triad: cells, scaffolds, and signaling molecules. Biomed Res Int 2013; 2013:236893. [PMID: 23555078 DOI: 10.1155/2013/236893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2012] [Accepted: 12/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] [Imported: 08/29/2023]
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Nurzynska D, Di Meglio F, Romano V, Miraglia R, Sacco AM, Latino F, Bancone C, Della Corte A, Maiello C, Amarelli C, Montagnani S, Castaldo C. Cardiac primitive cells become committed to a cardiac fate in adult human heart with chronic ischemic disease but fail to acquire mature phenotype: genetic and phenotypic study. Basic Res Cardiol 2013; 108:320. [PMID: 23224139 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-012-0320-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2012] [Revised: 10/26/2012] [Accepted: 11/27/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] [Imported: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Adult human heart hosts a population of cardiac primitive CD117-positive cells (CPCs), which are responsible for physiological tissue homeostasis and regeneration. While the bona fide stem cells express telomerase, their progenies are no longer able to preserve telomeric DNA; hence the balance between their proliferation and differentiation has to be tightly controlled in order to prevent cellular senescence and apoptosis of CPCs before their maturation can be accomplished. We have examined at cellular and molecular level the proliferation, apoptosis and commitment of CPCs isolated from normal (CPC-N) and age-matched pathological adult human hearts (CPC-P) with ischemic heart disease. In the CPC-P, genes related to early stages of developmental processes, nervous system development and neurogenesis, skeletal development, bone and cartilage development were downregulated, while those involved in mesenchymal cell differentiation and heart development were upregulated, together with the transcriptional activation of TGFβ/BMP signaling pathway. In the pathological heart, asymmetric division was the prevalent type of cardiac stem cell division. The population of CPC-P consisted mainly of progenitors of cardiac cell lineages and less precursors; these cells proliferated more, but were also more susceptible to apoptosis with respect to CPC-N. These results indicate that CPCs fail to reach terminal differentiation and functional competence in pathological conditions. Adverse effects of underlying pathology, which disrupts cardiac tissue structure and composition, and cellular senescence, resulting from cardiac stem cell activation in telomere dysfunctional environment, can be responsible for such outcome.
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Di Meglio F, Castaldo C, Nurzynska D, Romano V, Miraglia R, Bancone C, Langella G, Vosa C, Montagnani S. Epithelial–mesenchymal transition of epicardial mesothelium is a source of cardiac CD117-positive stem cells in adult human heart. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2010; 49:719-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2010.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2009] [Revised: 05/17/2010] [Accepted: 05/26/2010] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] [Imported: 08/29/2023]
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